scholarly journals Microbiological and physicochemical properties of smoked ricotta cheese during refrigeration and temperature abuse storage

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Scarano ◽  
Carlo Spanu ◽  
Anna Maria Mocci ◽  
Francesca Piras ◽  
Mariella Demontis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Content ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
Durability Test ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Headspace Gas ◽  
Reduced Salt

In the last years changes occurred in the production process of ricotta mustia, a traditional smoked, salted and sometimes ripened ricotta cheese, produced in Sardinia. Fresher, slightly smoked and with reduced salt content products, were introduced into the market to meet changes in consumer’s preferences for milder products. The present study of durability was conducted on an innovative fresh and smoked industrial product, also characterized by the small size and the packaging in modified atmosphere. A durability test to assess the evolution of microbiological and physicochemical profile of the product stored at refrigeration (4°C) and mild abuse (7°C) temperatures was carried out. A total of 126 ricotta samples smoked for either 1, 2, or 3 h were analyzed at intervals during shelflife for the determination of aerobic mesophilic counts, Enterobacteriaceae, yeast, moulds, L. monocytogenes, Pseudomonas spp. and B. cereus. Intrinsic properties, physic-chemical and headspace gas composition were also analyzed. Average and standard deviation were respectively 6,06±0,22 for pH, 0,982±0,05 for aW, 74,67%±1,81% for moisture, 10,25%±1,35% for fat, 10,92%±0,46% for protein and 1,70%±0,42% for salt content. Total bacterial count ranged between 3.88±0.48 log cfu/g at T0 and 3.25±1.02 at T45. L. monocytogenes, Pseudomonas spp. and E. coli were always below the detection limit. Enterobacteriaceae prevalence (percentage) was 3.17% (2.62±0.42 lg10 cfu/g) and was limited to samples stored longer than 30 days while B. cereus was recovered in 5.55% (2.36±0.35 lg10 cfu/g) of the samples and was never observed in samples after 45 days of refrigerated storage. The durability study is preliminary to challenge test to assess the shelf-life of this product in compliance with the requirements of Regulation (EC) 2073/2005.

scholarly journals Effect of Feed Supplemented With Vitamin C on Microbial Flora of Swine Faeces and Blood Morphology

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-175
Author(s):  
Beata Trawińska ◽  
Jerzy Lechowski ◽  
Antoni Polonis ◽  
Marta Kowaleczko
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Bacteriological Evaluation ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract The studies involved gilts 6 weeks pre-partum allocated into the control and experimental groups. The experimental group received vitamin C at the dose of 2.5g/100 kg b.w./day. Faeces for analyses were collected for 3- and 6- week period of vitamin C dietary inclusion. The faecal material underwent quantitative and qualitative bacteriological evaluation. The count of Enterobacteriaceae was evaluated. The qualitative examination of these bacteria was made using the micro-plate method API 20E. Feed supplemented with vitamin C contributed to a statistically significant decline of the total bacterial count of Enterobacteriaceae in faeces. The qualitative bacterial analyses showed the presence of E. coli, Providecia sp., Proteus sp., and Salmonella sp. in the control and experimental groups. Enterobacter sp. was recovered only in the control group, while Lactobacillus sp. in the experimental group. The dietary administration of vitamin C significantly decreased the number of the studied bacterial species, except Salmonella rods. No statistically significant differences in the number of most blood morphotic elements following the 6- week supply of vitamin C were found; only the granulocyte count significantly increased, while lymphocyte numbers declined. Ascorbic acid inhibited the growth of pathogenic intestinal flora and reduced the pathogenic and relatively pathogenic bacteria count in the gastrointestinal tract and notably contributed to enhanced growth of beneficial bacteria.

scholarly journals Antibiogram of Bacteria Isolated from Tympanotonus fuscatus Var. Radula (Prosobranchia:Potamididae) Sold in Markets in Nasarawa State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
U. K. Asemota ◽  
M. D. Makut ◽  
S. O. Obiekezie ◽  
J. E. Owuna ◽  
M. O. Adamu
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms

The aim of this study was to determine the antibiogram of bacterial isolates from Tympanotonus fuscatus var. radula sold in markets in Nasarawa State. Nigeria. Samples of Tympanotonus fuscatus var. radula (periwinkles) were bought from soup ingredient sellers at different sale locations in Keffi, Masaka and Orange markets and were analyzed using standard bacteriological methods. The bacterial isolates were identified using morphological, cultural and biochemical techniques. The total bacteria count varied from 1.18–3.20 x 108 CFU/g for the raw samples while the total bacterial count for the boiled samples varied from 0–1.57 x 108 CFU/g. Periwinkle samples with shells from Masaka market had the highest bacterial load with a mean total bacterial count of 2.94 x 10⁸ CFU/g and mean total coliform count of 2.80 x 10⁶ CFU/g. Raw periwinkle samples with shells had a higher bacterial load than samples without shells. There was also a drastic reduction in the bacterial load in the periwinkle samples after boiling under laboratory conditions. The bacteria isolated were Bacillus spp. and Staphylococcus aureus were the Gram-positive bacteria isolated. Enterobacter spp., Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Pseudomonas spp., Serratia spp. and Proteus spp. The most frequently occurring gram positive bacteria was Escherichia coli with an isolation frequency of 6(24%), the least frequently occurring was Bacillus spp., 8(32)%. Antibiotic susceptibility test showed that all the gram negative organisms exhibited sensitivity to ciprofloxacin: Escherichia coli (32 mm), Enterobacter spp. (41.5 mm), Proteus spp. (40.0 mm), Salmonella spp. (37.0 mm), Serratia spp. (26.0 mm), Pseudomonas spp. (23.0 mm). All the gram negative organisms showed marked resistance to vancomycin: Escherichia coli (12.0 mm), Enterobacter spp. (10.0 mm), Proteus spp. (11.0 mm), Salmonella spp. (5.0 mm), Serratia spp. (10.0 mm) and Pseudomonas spp. (4.5 mm).

scholarly journals Assessment of Microbial Load in Water and Sediments of Rivers Otamiri and Nworie in Owerri, South Eastern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-39
Author(s):  
Okere J. Kelechi ◽  
Azorji J. Nnawuike ◽  
Iheagwam S. Kelechi ◽  
Emeka J. Emmanuel ◽  
Nzenwa P. Odinaka
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Waste Dumps ◽  
Health Organization

Water pollution is a global problem. The study was carried out to assess the microbial constituents in water and sediment of Rivers Otamiri and Nworie during dry and rainy seasons (March and September, 2020) with comparison to WHO benchmark for drinking water .Samples were randomly collected at six (6) sampling points and analyzed using routine microbiological protocols.  The results revealed detectable amount of microbial activates in surface water of both rivers during the dry and rainy season. During the rainy season, a THB bioload average of 2.02x104 and 5.1x104CFU/mL for Nworie and Otamiri river respectively were measured. For the TCC, the average was 9.8x103 and 2.5x104 CFU/mL, while in the dry period there was corresponding reduction in the bioload value for both rivers. THB average value for Nworie river was 1.34x104 CFU/mL, with corresponding 3.5x104 values for Otamiri river, while in same inclination, TCC measured 6.1x103 and 1.8x104 CFU/mL. There were noteworthy variations in the values for the two rivers as well as in the two seasons. TBC value for Otamiri measured about 1.5 folds than the value for Nworie. In same trend, TCC value for Nworie measured about 39%. All values measured were above WHO permissible limit for drinking water. The biochemical and cultural features of the isolated microorganism in water showed the presence of E. coli identified in the entire stations (100%), Salmonella and faecal coliform occurred 83.3% each, while Vibrio and Shigella were detected in 4 of the 6 stations. The mean total bacterial count, total coliform count and total E. coli, were not in conformity with World Health Organization (WHO) Standard for drinking water and thus constitute a threat to the River; these were attributed to indiscriminate waste dumps around the rivers. The study underscores the need for adequate waste management system to forestall outbreak of pathogenic diseases in the area.

Correlation study between standard plate count and flow cytometry for determination of raw milk total bacterial count

2007 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
LAERTE DAGHER CASSOLI ◽  
PAULO FERNANDO MACHADO ◽  
ANA CAROLINA DE OLIVEIRA RODRIGUES ◽  
ARLEI COLDEBELLA
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
Standard Plate Count ◽  
Standard Plate

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance in Microbes from Street Fruit Drinks and Hygiene Behavior of the Vendors in Delhi, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (13) ◽  
pp. 4829
Author(s):  
Neha Sharma ◽  
Kamalpreet Singh ◽  
Devinder Toor ◽  
Somnath S. Pai ◽  
Rishika Chakraborty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Fruit Juices ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Safety Practices ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Almost All

Microbial contamination of fruit juices has caused major outbreaks, leading to significant morbidity and mortality in developing countries. The inept hygiene and safety practices followed by the juice vendors are the leading risk factors of the microbial contamination of juices. In this pilot study, the five most crowded markets in urban Delhi, including Kamla Nagar, University of Delhi (north campus), Tilak Nagar, Chandni Chowk, and Rohini, were selected for a questionnaire survey on the fruit juice vendors and the sampling of water used for juice preparation as well as sugarcane, orange, and mix fruit juices collected from these markets for the enumeration of total bacterial count (TBC), Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Vibrio. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed using ampicillin, cefotaxime, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, and imipenem. The results indicated that the majority of the vendors were not following hygiene and safety practices when compared with the recommended standard safety practices. The use of municipal water by 95% of vendors with high TBC counts might have been the major source of microbial contamination in all types of fruit juices. E. coli and Salmonella contaminations were high in sugarcane (2 × 105 colony forming units (CFU)/mL) and mix fruit (2.2 × 105 CFU/mL) juice samples, respectively. On the other hand, Vibrio was found to be absent in almost all juice samples except for orange juice. All strains were found to be susceptible to chloramphenicol, but resistant to ampicillin and cefotaxime. Only a few strains were resistant to ciprofloxacin, and only E. coli strains were resistant to imipenem. Taken together, the overall microbiological standards of fruit juices served by street vendors were not within the acceptable limits, perhaps due to the poor quality of water used to prepare juices and poor hygiene and safety practices followed by the vendors. More importantly, the isolated microbes demonstrated resistance to ampicillin and cefotaxime, which may have pressing public health implications. Post hoc power analyses identified the minimum sample size required for 80% power.

scholarly journals Is it Possible to Sanitize Athletes' Shoes?

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Messina ◽  
Sandra Burgassi ◽  
Carmela Russo ◽  
Emma Ceriale ◽  
Cecilia Quercioli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Enterococcus Spp ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Unpleasant Odor ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

Context: Footwear should be designed to avoid trauma and injury to the skin of the feet that can favor bacterial and fungal infections. Procedures and substances for sanitizing the interior of shoes are uncommon but are important aspects of primary prevention against foot infections and unpleasant odor. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a sanitizing technique for reducing bacterial and fungal contamination of footwear. Design: Crossover study. Setting: Mens Sana basketball team. Patients or Other Participants: Twenty-seven male athletes and 4 coaches (62 shoes). Intervention(s): The experimental protocol required a first sample (swab), 1/shoe, at time 0 from inside the shoes of all athletes before the sanitizing technique began and a second sample at time 1, after about 4 weeks, April 2012 to May 2012, of daily use of the sanitizing technique. Main Outcome Measure(s): The differences before and after use of the sanitizing technique for total bacterial count at 36°C and 22°C for Staphylococcus spp, yeasts, molds, Enterococcus spp, Pseudomonas spp, Escherichia coli, and total coliform bacteria were evaluated. Results: Before use of the sanitizing technique, the total bacterial counts at 36°C and 22°C and for Staphylococcus spp were greater by a factor of 5.8 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.42, 9.84), 5.84 (95% CI = 3.45, 9.78), and 4.78 (95% CI = 2.84, 8.03), respectively. All the other comparisons showed a reduction in microbial loads, whereas E coli and coliforms were no longer detected. No statistically significant decrease in yeasts (P = .0841) or molds (P = .6913) was recorded probably because of low contamination. Conclusions: The sanitizing technique significantly reduced the bacterial presence in athletes' shoes.

scholarly journals S100A12 and hBD2 Correlate with the Composition of the Fecal Microflora in ELBW Infants and Expansion ofE. coliIs Associated with NEC

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Jenke ◽  
J. Postberg ◽  
B. Mariel ◽  
K. Hensel ◽  
D. Foell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Fecal Microflora

Objective. To describe the development of the gut microbiota in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants with and without necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) between April 2008 and December 2009, fecal microflora was prospectively analyzed in fecal samples of all ELBW infants using real-time PCR assays. In addition, fecal inflammatory were measured.Results. Fecal microflora established early in ELBW infants and microbiota composition remained stable over the first 28 days of life except for the prevalence ofC. difficilewhich decreased with decreasing antibiotic use. Infants who subsequently developed NEC had an increase of total bacterial count (9.8-fold) 24 h prior to clinical symptoms mainly due to the expansion ofE. colispecies (21.6-fold), whereas microbiota composition did not differ from healthy ELBW infants five days before onset of NEC. Importantly, S100A12 and hBD2 positively correlated with the total andE. colibacterial CFU/g feces (r20.4 and 0.64, resp.).Conclusions. In summary, we found evidence for a disturbed homeostasis between the intestinal microbiome and host immunity in ELBW infants with NEC. Moreover, S100A12 and hBD2 correlate with the fecal microbiota thus linking the intestinal innate immune response to the bacterial colonization thus possibly providing a diagnostic tool in the future.

scholarly journals Identification and antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial microbiota of freshwater fish

10.5219/1063 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 408-414
Author(s):  
Alina Klūga ◽  
Miroslava Kačániová ◽  
Margarita Terentjeva
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Fish Samples

The fish meat is an essential part of human diet. However, fish may be contaminated with different microorganisms, including pathogens. Antimicrobial resistance of fish microbiota may facilitate the spread of resistant microorganisms causing serious consequences for human health. The aim of the present study was to detect bacterial contamination in fish gill, gut and skin and to determine antimicrobial susceptibility of the bacterial isolates. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and bream (Abramis bram) were obtained from the market in Jelgava city. Chub (Leuciscus cephalus), crucian carp (Carassius carassius) and tench (Tinca tinca) were collected from fishermen. Fish samples were examined for the total bacterial count (TBC), coliforms, Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas spp. and Aeromonas spp. Testing was done in accordance with International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards. Identification of all bacteria was accomplished with the Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization – Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) method. The disc diffusion method was used for the detection of antibiotic susceptibility of isolated bacterial species. TBC ranged from 2.70 to 7.00 log CFU.g-1, coliforms from 0 to 2.67 log CFU.g-1, Enterobacteriaceae from 0 to 2.85 log CFU.g-1. The highest contamination with Pseudomonas spp. and Aeromonas spp. was observed in chub gut samples with 1.60 log CFU.g-1 and 2.23 log CFU.g-1, respectively. Altogether, 16 microbial genera and 31 bacterial species were identified. The dominant bacterial species belonged to Pseudomonas spp. (54%) and Enterobacteriaceae. Pseudomonas spp. were resistant to ticarcillin, susceptibility to ciprofloxacin showed 88% of isolates. All Enterobacteriaceae isolates were susceptible to imipenem. The microbial quality of the fish was acceptable, but the presence of antibiotic resistant bacteria may further cause a negative impact on public health.

scholarly journals The antimicrobial role of emulsifying salts against E.coli O157:H7 contaminated local markets soft cheese of Baquba city

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Ahmed M.S. Al-Shedidi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Sodium Tripolyphosphate ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Trisodium Citrate ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Soft Cheese ◽  
Emulsifying Salts

    The aim  of this   study  was to investigate the degree of contamination of  locally produced soft cheese samples by Escherichia coli O157:H7 and to determine the ideal emulsifying salts  and their  appropriate ratios for emulsification of soft cheese and their impacts on microbial load of that influence public health. Samples collected randomly from five popular parties markets affiliated to the city of Baquba 60 samples of the local soft cheese produced by farmers at a rate of 30 samples for each of the summer season, from the beginning of July to the end of August, while the other thirty sample of winter season were collected from the beginning of December to the end of January to study their bacterial load of coli form and Escherichia coli especially E. coli O157:H7. The result showed total bacterial count characterized by high significance (P<0.01) in the local cheese samples of summer and winter season also. The results proved the bactericidal and bacteriostatic effect of emulsifying salts on microbial activity was confirmed when the total bacterial count was significantly (P<0.01) reduced in soft cheese with (2.5%) of emulsifying salts added. Were no growth of E. coli and E. coli O157:H7 after adding (2%) of emulsifying salts to nutrient broth and the results confirmed that the best mixing of the components of emulsifying salts that is made up of (90% Sodium tripolyphosphate + 10% Trisodium citrate).

scholarly journals Microbial Assessment of Fresh and Frozen (For Four Days) Marine Najil Fish (Plectropomus pessuliferus)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Khansaa Bdr Aldien Osman Ahmed ◽  
Samia Hamid Ahmed Hamid ◽  
Abdalla N. Elawad
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
Health Unit ◽  
Fresh Fish ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Fish Market ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Directorate General ◽  
Frozen Fish ◽  
Sterile Plastic

The present study was conducted at Directorate General of Preventing Medicine and PHC, Epidemiology Dept, Ports and Quarantine Health Unit, Port Sudan, endeavors for Microbial evaluation (bacteriological load) of marine Najil fish (Plectropomus pessuliferus). And to determine the occurrence of some contaminated bacteria. 20 samples of Najil fish (P. Pessuliferus) were collected from Port Sudan fish market (in sterile plastic bags) and pre chilled with ice in thermostatic container. All the samples were tested immediately, and instantly froze for four days. Then the studied samples were tested microbiologically and results showed:For fresh fish total bacterial count (TBC) was (5.68×105) CFU/gm, and for frozen samples was (4.38×105) CFU/gm, respectively.The study concluded that, Najil fish (P. Pessuliferus) showed the highest level of contamination between fresh fish. While in frozen fish freeze seem have the higher effect (less number). And the results showed highly significant differences between fresh and frozen fish.The samples were also tested for contaminant bacteria and the result indicated the presence of Staphylococcus and E. coli, while the salmonella and vibrio were absent at each of it.

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