scholarly journals Identification and antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial microbiota of freshwater fish

10.5219/1063 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 408-414
Author(s):  
Alina Klūga ◽  
Miroslava Kačániová ◽  
Margarita Terentjeva
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Fish Samples

The fish meat is an essential part of human diet. However, fish may be contaminated with different microorganisms, including pathogens. Antimicrobial resistance of fish microbiota may facilitate the spread of resistant microorganisms causing serious consequences for human health. The aim of the present study was to detect bacterial contamination in fish gill, gut and skin and to determine antimicrobial susceptibility of the bacterial isolates. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and bream (Abramis bram) were obtained from the market in Jelgava city. Chub (Leuciscus cephalus), crucian carp (Carassius carassius) and tench (Tinca tinca) were collected from fishermen. Fish samples were examined for the total bacterial count (TBC), coliforms, Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas spp. and Aeromonas spp. Testing was done in accordance with International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards. Identification of all bacteria was accomplished with the Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization – Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) method. The disc diffusion method was used for the detection of antibiotic susceptibility of isolated bacterial species. TBC ranged from 2.70 to 7.00 log CFU.g-1, coliforms from 0 to 2.67 log CFU.g-1, Enterobacteriaceae from 0 to 2.85 log CFU.g-1. The highest contamination with Pseudomonas spp. and Aeromonas spp. was observed in chub gut samples with 1.60 log CFU.g-1 and 2.23 log CFU.g-1, respectively. Altogether, 16 microbial genera and 31 bacterial species were identified. The dominant bacterial species belonged to Pseudomonas spp. (54%) and Enterobacteriaceae. Pseudomonas spp. were resistant to ticarcillin, susceptibility to ciprofloxacin showed 88% of isolates. All Enterobacteriaceae isolates were susceptible to imipenem. The microbial quality of the fish was acceptable, but the presence of antibiotic resistant bacteria may further cause a negative impact on public health.

scholarly journals The Occurrence of Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria Contamination in Sub-district Health-promoting Hospitals in Chiang Rai, Thailand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Korakot Chansareewittaya ◽  
Sirikarnnapa Krajangcharoensakul
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
District Health ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Health Promoting

Objective: To determine the antibiotic susceptibility patterns (antibiogram profiles) of the bacterial agents usually involved in hospital-acquired infections found in 12 sub-district health-promoting hospitals (HPHs) in Chiang Rai, Thailand.Material and Methods: Swabs from 10 different sampling points in each sub-district HPH were aseptically collected. Standard microbiological methods were performed to define the bacterial species. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined by the disk diffusion method following the standard guidelines of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (2016).Results: The antibiogram profiles of the 153 isolated bacteria showed that 55.6% of the isolates were resistant to antibiotics. Single drug resistant, double drug resistant, and multi-drug resistant bacteria accounted for 18.3%, 18.3%, and 19.0%, respectively. The Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate was susceptible to all tested antibiotics. MDR phenotypes were most common in coagulase-negative staphylococci (13.1%), followed by members of the family of Enterobacteriaceae (3.9%) and Staphylococcus aureus (0.7%).Conclusion: The MDR rates reported in this study are “worrying”. These results suggest that sub-district HPHs may become sources of HAIs caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria which can be inevitably transmitted into the wider community. Antibiotic stewardship, antibiotic susceptibility surveillance and hygiene practices may be used to prevent and limit the spread of such bacteria from sub-district HPHs to the community.

scholarly journals Species, Risk Factors, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of Bacterial Isolates from HIV-Infected Patients Suspected to Have Pneumonia in Mekelle Zone, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gebre Adhanom ◽  
Dawit Gebreegziabiher ◽  
Yemane Weldu ◽  
Araya Gebreyesus Wasihun ◽  
Tadele Araya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Bacterial Pneumonia ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
P Value ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Hiv Patients

Background. Pneumonia is a condition, where bacterial infections are implicated as the most common causes of morbidity and mortality in humans. The actual burden of HIV-infected patients with pneumonia is not well documented in Mekelle region of Ethiopia. This study estimated the prevalence of bacterial pneumonia in HIV patients, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of pathogens implicated in pneumonia, and associated risk factors in Mekelle zone, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia, during August-December 2016. Methods. Sputum specimens were collected from 252 HIV seropositive individuals with suspected pneumonia. Data on sociodemographics and risk factors were also collected using a structured questionnaire. Blood, Chocolate, and Mac Conkey agar plates (Oxoid, Hampshire, UK) were used to grow the isolates. The isolated colonies were identified based on Gram stain, colony morphology, pigmentation, hemolysis, and biochemical tests. The antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed using the modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The analysis was performed using SPSS version 22 and p-value < 0.05 with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) was considered statistically significant. Results. Out of the 252 samples, 110 (43.7%) were positive for various bacterial species. The predominant bacterial species were Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=26, 23.6 %) followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae (n=17, 15.5 %), Escherichia coli (n=16, 14.5%), Klebsiella spp. (n=15, 13.6%), Staphylococcus aureus (n=9, 8.2%), Enterobacter spp. (n=7, 6.3%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4, n=3.6%), Proteus spp. (n=4, 3.6%), Citrobacter freundii (n=7, 6.3%), Streptococcus pyogenes (3, 2.7%), and Haemophilus influenzae (n=2, 1.8%). Young age (18-29), recent CD4+ count less than 350 cells/mL, alcohol consumption, and HIV WHO stage II showed significant association with the occurrence of bacterial pneumonia. Resistance to penicillin, co-trimoxazole, and tetracycline was observed in 81.8%, 39.8%, and 24.5% of the isolates, respectively. Conclusions. The problem of pneumonia among HIV patients was significant in the study area. The high prevalence of drug-resistant bacteria isolated from the patient’s samples possesses a health risk in immunocompromised HIV patients. There is a need to strengthen and expand culture and susceptibility procedures for the administration of appropriate therapy to improve patients management and care which may aid in decreasing the mortality.

scholarly journals Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from freshwater fishes

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halima Sarder ◽  
Tahsin Khan ◽  
Mihir Lal Saha ◽  
Nusrat Jahan Punom ◽  
Shankar Chandra Mandal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Reference Strain ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Freshwater Fishes ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Anabas Testudineus ◽  
Significant Difference

Aeromonas hydrophila is an opportunistic microorganism. It is a secondary biological agent that contributes to the occurrence of fish diseases and its deterioration. This research was undertaken to determine the prevalence of A. hydrophila in some freshwater fishes collected from three different fish markets of Dhaka City and to test their antibiotic susceptibility. Total bacterial count and total aeromonas on different aeromonas selective media were enumerated using serial dilution technique. Bacterial isolates were characterized to identify A. hydrophila using biochemical tests and with comparison to reference strain (ATCC 7966). The lowest Aeromonas count was detected to be 2.83±0.40×102 cfu/g in Anabas testudineus and the highest was 1.03±0.153×103 cfu/g in Oreochromis mossambicus. On market basis highest aeromonas count was found in Anando Bazar (8.10±1.09×102 cfu/g) and lowest in Hatirpool Bazar (5.63±0.90×102 cfu/g) with no significant difference. Maximum susceptibility to amikacin and gentamicin was observed whereas all of the isolates were found resistant to a commonly used antibiotic amoxycillin. The obtained results point that antimicrobial susceptibility was more or less similar regardless of the origin of the samples collected. All the fishes investigated in this study contained A. hydrophila in their different organs.

scholarly journals Transcriptional expression of secondary resistance genes ccdB and repA2 is enhanced in presence of cephalosporin and carabapenem in Escherichia coli

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somorita Baishya ◽  
Chandrayee Deshamukhya ◽  
Jayalaxmi Wangkheimayum ◽  
Bhaskar Jyoti Das ◽  
Anand Anbarasu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Regulatory Protein ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Transcriptional Expression ◽  
Primary Resistance ◽  
Secondary Resistance

Abstract Background: The issue of carbapenem resistance in E.coli is very concerning and it is speculated that cumulative effect of both primary resistance genes and secondary resistance genes that act as helper to the primary resistance genes are the reason behind their aggravation. Therefore, here we attempted to find the role of two secondary resistance genes (SRG) ccdB and repA2 in carbapenem resistance in E. coli (CRE).Methods: Influential genes belonging to secondary resistome that act as helper to the primary resistance genes like blaNDM and blaCTX-M in aggravating β-lactam resistance were selected from an earlier reported in silico study. Transcriptional expression of the selected genes in clinical isolates of E.coli that were discretely harboring blaNDM-1, blaNDM-4, blaNDM-5, blaNDM-7 and blaCTX-M-15 with and without carbapenem and cephalosporin stress (2µg/ml) was determined by real time PCR. Cured mutants sets that were lacking (i) primary resistance genes, (ii) secondary resistance genes and (iii) both primary and secondary resistance genes were prepared by SDS treatment. These sets were then subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method.Results: Out of the 21 genes reported in the in silico study, 2 genes viz. repA2 and ccdB were selected for transcriptional expression analysis. repA2, coding replication regulatory protein, was downregulated in response to carbapenems and cephalosporins. ccdB, coding for plasmid maintenance protein, was also downregulated in response to carbapenems except imipenem and cephalosporins. Following plasmid elimination assay increase in diameter of zone of inhibition under stress of both antibiotics was observed as compared to uncured control hinting at the reversion of antibiotic susceptibility by the-then resistant bacteria. Conclusion: SRGs repA2 and ccdB help sustenance of blaNDM and blaCTX-M under carbapenem and cephalosporin stress.

scholarly journals Effect of Feed Supplemented With Vitamin C on Microbial Flora of Swine Faeces and Blood Morphology

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-175
Author(s):  
Beata Trawińska ◽  
Jerzy Lechowski ◽  
Antoni Polonis ◽  
Marta Kowaleczko
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Bacteriological Evaluation ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract The studies involved gilts 6 weeks pre-partum allocated into the control and experimental groups. The experimental group received vitamin C at the dose of 2.5g/100 kg b.w./day. Faeces for analyses were collected for 3- and 6- week period of vitamin C dietary inclusion. The faecal material underwent quantitative and qualitative bacteriological evaluation. The count of Enterobacteriaceae was evaluated. The qualitative examination of these bacteria was made using the micro-plate method API 20E. Feed supplemented with vitamin C contributed to a statistically significant decline of the total bacterial count of Enterobacteriaceae in faeces. The qualitative bacterial analyses showed the presence of E. coli, Providecia sp., Proteus sp., and Salmonella sp. in the control and experimental groups. Enterobacter sp. was recovered only in the control group, while Lactobacillus sp. in the experimental group. The dietary administration of vitamin C significantly decreased the number of the studied bacterial species, except Salmonella rods. No statistically significant differences in the number of most blood morphotic elements following the 6- week supply of vitamin C were found; only the granulocyte count significantly increased, while lymphocyte numbers declined. Ascorbic acid inhibited the growth of pathogenic intestinal flora and reduced the pathogenic and relatively pathogenic bacteria count in the gastrointestinal tract and notably contributed to enhanced growth of beneficial bacteria.

scholarly journals Determination of histamine levels in long-tail tuna (Thunnus tonggol) stored at different temperature

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Aina Syuhada Mahusain ◽  
Fernandes Bayoi ◽  
Nurul Ulfah Karim ◽  
Mohd Khairi Zainol ◽  
Muhd Danish-Daniel
Keyword(s):  
Histidine Decarboxylase ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Histamine Level ◽  
Histamine Concentration ◽  
Long Tail ◽  
Spoilage Bacteria ◽  
Fish Samples

Histidine is precursor for histamine (4-(2-aminoethyl) imidazole) formation through a process called decarboxylation with the aid of histidine decarboxylase enzyme possessed by particular bacterial species. Since storage temperature is highly influenced the formation of histamine, a study regarding histamine and bacterial count was conducted. Long-tail tuna was stored at -20, 4, 15, 25 and 37 ̊C and analysis of bacteria and histamine was done for every 48 hours till reaching 196 hours for freezing and chilling storage temperature. Histamine determination and bacterial count was taken for every 0, 6, 12,18 and 24 hours for 15, 25 and 37 ̊C. At 0 day of storage for -20̊ C, gut and non gut fish samples showed histamine level of 3.496 mg/100. Reduction of histamine levels took place after 48 hours of storage but increased later throughout the storage period up to 8 days, reaching a value of 4.84 and 3.78 mg/100 g for gut and non gut tuna, respectively. Similar trend of result was seen at 4 ̊C where a gradual increase of histamine concentration was observed throughout the storage period. However, the histamine level in gut tuna exceeded the safety level at day 8. At temperature 15 and 25 ̊C, the gut fish meat is not safe for consumption at 24 hours. Meanwhile, the safety limit can be seen within 12 hours and 18 hours of storage in gut and non gut fish stored at 37 ̊C, respectively. For bacterial cell enumeration, at -20 ̊C, the initial count of bacteria is 5.4 Log CFU/g for both fish condition. The count then slightly increased to 6.28 and 5.91 for gutted and non gutted respectively at 48 hours till reaching last storage time. Similar trend was recorded at 4, 15, 25 and 37 ̊C from time to time. However, bacterial count is largely seen at 37 ̊C. This may be due to the presence of spoilage bacteria that can deteriorate the quality of fish.

scholarly journals Assessment Of Ecotoxicity Of Thallium By Biological Indicator Of Soil Condition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Kolesnikov ◽  
Kamil Kazeev ◽  
Yuliya Akimenko ◽  
Tigran Ter-Misakyants ◽  
Elena Nevedomaya
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Biological Indicator ◽  
Ordinary Chernozem ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metal

Abstract Thallium is a rare and highly toxic heavy metal. The scale and degree of soil contamination with thallium are increasing every year, and the associated environmental risks have been insufficiently investigated. Model laboratory experiments on the ordinary chernozem pollution with thallium oxide (III) have been carried out. It has been found that the ordinary chernozem pollution with thallium worsened its biological activity. The total bacterial count, the abundance of the Azotobacter bacteria, the activity of catalase, the activity of dehydrogenases, and the germination of radish seeds decreased. The degree of deterioration of the chernozem biological activity depends on the thallium concentrations in soil and the period from the moment of contamination. In the vast majority of cases there is a direct correlation between the thallium content in the soil and the level of soil biological activity reduction. The greatest negative impact of thallium pollution on chernozem biological activity has manifested itself 30 days after contamination. On the 90th day, there was a pronounced tendency to restore the chernozem biological activity. However, the chernozem biological activity did not restore to the initial uncontaminated soil values. At contamination of chernozem with thallium, microbiological indices (the bacterial count and the abundance of the Azotobacter bacteria) were more sensitive, and the enzyme activity indicators (catalase, dehydrogenase) and phytotoxicity (germination of plant seeds) were more informative. All used indicators of biological activity demonstrated high sensitivity to soil contamination with thallium and high correlation coefficients with the thallium content in the soil. Therefore, these biological indicators should be used for monitoring, diagnosis, indication and regulation of soil contamination with thallium.

scholarly journals Isolation and antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria from milk of apparently healthy goats in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 91-100
Author(s):  
F. O. Olufemi ◽  
O. A. Odunfa ◽  
P. A. Akinduti ◽  
O. B. Kehinde
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Apparently Healthy

 Milk contaminated with antibiotic resistant bacteria can be a major threat to public health. This study wasconducted toinvestigate the antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial isolates from goat's milk in Abeokuta. Nine (9) bacteria species comprising 182 isolates were identified in 73 milk samples collected from six (6) different places located some 2 - 50 kilometers apart in Abeokuta. Isolation and identification of the bacteria species were carried out using standard microbiological procedures. The bacteria species were Pseudomonas spp (22.28%), Micrococcus spp (21.74%), Staphylococcus aureus (19.02%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (15.22%), Enterobacter spp (8.70%), Bacillus spp (5.43%), Pasteurella spp (4.89%), Escherichia coli (2.17%), and Citrobacter spp (0.54%). Antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates and minimum inhibitory concentration were determined using a panel of 10 antibiotics by disc diffusion method and standard guidelines. The bacterial load from milk samples obtained in various locations are as follows:-DUFARMS,0.1-1.2x10 cfu/mL;Eweje, 0.6-1.2x10 cfu/mL; Odeda, 0.6-3.5x10 cfu/mL; Elite, 1.0-5.5x10 cfu/mL; Elega, 0.1- 2.52x10 cfu/mL; and Obantoko 0.16-1.04x10 cfu/mL. The mean counts were 0.54 ± 0.40x10 cfu/mL; 0.78 ±0.13x10 cfu/mL; 1.83±1.23x10 cfu/mL; 2.58 ±1.45x10 cfu/mL; 8.51 ±5.60x10 cfu/mL and 4.14 ±3.90 x10 cfu/mL respectively. Antibiotic susceptibility results showed that the organisms were 100% resistant to Amoxicillin,86.26% to Ceftriazone, 84.62% to Streptomycin, 82.42% to Chloramphenicol and 78.02% to Cotrimoxazol. However, the isolates were only 6.04% resistant to Ofloxacin and 11.54% to Pefloxacin suggesting that these might just be the only two antibiotics that the pathogens might respond to. In conclusion, microbes that are ordinarily commensals may be highly resistant to commonly used Antibiotics. This could pose serious problems in managing outbreaks associated these microbes. Reservoirs for bacterial resistance may be present in healthy animal populations and research is needed to accurately quantify the problem, propose and evaluate practicable solutions. There is the need to clarify the role of environmental factors, agents, and transmission of bacterial resistance in apparently healthy livestock.  

scholarly journals Antibiogram of Bacteria Isolated from Tympanotonus fuscatus Var. Radula (Prosobranchia:Potamididae) Sold in Markets in Nasarawa State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
U. K. Asemota ◽  
M. D. Makut ◽  
S. O. Obiekezie ◽  
J. E. Owuna ◽  
M. O. Adamu
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms

The aim of this study was to determine the antibiogram of bacterial isolates from Tympanotonus fuscatus var. radula sold in markets in Nasarawa State. Nigeria. Samples of Tympanotonus fuscatus var. radula (periwinkles) were bought from soup ingredient sellers at different sale locations in Keffi, Masaka and Orange markets and were analyzed using standard bacteriological methods. The bacterial isolates were identified using morphological, cultural and biochemical techniques. The total bacteria count varied from 1.18–3.20 x 108 CFU/g for the raw samples while the total bacterial count for the boiled samples varied from 0–1.57 x 108 CFU/g. Periwinkle samples with shells from Masaka market had the highest bacterial load with a mean total bacterial count of 2.94 x 10⁸ CFU/g and mean total coliform count of 2.80 x 10⁶ CFU/g. Raw periwinkle samples with shells had a higher bacterial load than samples without shells. There was also a drastic reduction in the bacterial load in the periwinkle samples after boiling under laboratory conditions. The bacteria isolated were Bacillus spp. and Staphylococcus aureus were the Gram-positive bacteria isolated. Enterobacter spp., Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Pseudomonas spp., Serratia spp. and Proteus spp. The most frequently occurring gram positive bacteria was Escherichia coli with an isolation frequency of 6(24%), the least frequently occurring was Bacillus spp., 8(32)%. Antibiotic susceptibility test showed that all the gram negative organisms exhibited sensitivity to ciprofloxacin: Escherichia coli (32 mm), Enterobacter spp. (41.5 mm), Proteus spp. (40.0 mm), Salmonella spp. (37.0 mm), Serratia spp. (26.0 mm), Pseudomonas spp. (23.0 mm). All the gram negative organisms showed marked resistance to vancomycin: Escherichia coli (12.0 mm), Enterobacter spp. (10.0 mm), Proteus spp. (11.0 mm), Salmonella spp. (5.0 mm), Serratia spp. (10.0 mm) and Pseudomonas spp. (4.5 mm).

scholarly journals Load and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Microorganisms in Muscle Foods Sold in Akure, Southwest Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.S. Bodunde ◽  
C.O. Ogidi ◽  
B.J. Akinyele
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Muscle Foods ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Southwest Nigeria

Background: Muscle foods, notably red meat, poultry meat, and fish are the first choice of animal source food with adequate protein for human. The present study was undertaken to analyze the load and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of microorganisms in muscle foods sold in Akure, Southwest Nigeria. Methods: Hundred muscle food samples, including meat and fish were collected from different locations (A-E) of Akure, Nigeria and examined microbiologically using cultural techniques, biochemical tests, and analytical profile index. Antibiotic susceptibility patterns were also determined in isolated microorganisms from muscle foods against different antibiotics. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 17.0. Results: The highest (p<0.05) total viable bacterial count (8.3×106 CFU/g) were obtained from pork, including with 6.0×105 CFU/g for Staphylococcus and 5.8×105 CFU/g for Salmonella-Shigella. Mackerel collected from location D (Kings market) had the highest (p<0.05) bacterial count of 9.97×105 CFU/g, followed by 8.57×105 CFU/g, and 7.03×105 CFU/g in locations C and E, respectively. Low fungal counts were recorded ranged from 1.0×102 to 1.30×102 spore forming unit/g. The highest (p<0.05) occurrence of 26.50% was observed for Escherichia coli. The isolated microorganisms displayed varying degree of resistance (33.3 to 100%) to commonly used antibiotics. Conclusion: The microorganisms found in muscle foods from Akure, Nigeria could be considered as result of poor hygiene of the retailers or handlers. Also, presence of the multidrug resistant bacteria in muscle foods distributed in this region could pose a serious risk factor to public health. 

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