scholarly journals Por una bioética sin adjetivos. La bioética en el contexto de la crisis moderno-ilustrada

2006 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Guerra López
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Moral Life ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Contemporary Debate ◽  
Complex Material ◽  
Practical Science ◽  
Material Systems ◽  
Per Se ◽  
The Difference

Muchos, en el debate contemporáneo, pretenden mostrar que la bioética requiere de una especial sensibilidad a los progresos teóricos y sociales del mundo moderno. Si la bioética no asume como propios los «logros» del «progreso» sino que recae en formas de justificación «superadas» estará mal formulada. A continuación examinaremos precisamente en qué consiste la modernidad ilustrada para luego mostrar que, ante su crisis, sería oportuno intentar pensar la Bioética desde parámetros que no recaigan en su problemática intrínseca sino que logren ofrecer una alternativa real en materia de fundamentación y perspectivas para esta nueva ciencia. Desde el punto de vista muchas cuestiones filosóficas y morales aparecen en este tipo de postura. Sin embargo, son tres aspectos los que me parecen más centrales a esclarecer: 1. la naturaleza del consenso; 2. la posibilidad de una moral objetiva; 3. el fundamento personalista de la vida moral. Más aún, tenemos la impresión que la bioética si se asume como ciencia rigurosa de carácter práctico normativo, no requiere de adjetivos diferenciadores sino que precisamente parte del reto que posee en la actualidad es mostrar su vigor racional y práctico a través de cinco rasgos de explícito cariz personalista pero que han de ser manifestados permanentemente no como un compromiso de escuela sino como un compromiso con la verdad sobre el hombre: 1. la bioética debe construir su normatividad a partir del imperativo que encuentra al reconocer a la persona como una realidad afirmable por sí misma; 2. la bioética ha de distinguir con claridad la diferencia existente entre cosas y personas; 3. la bioética distingue la irreductibilidad de la vida humana a otras formas de vida y a sistemas materiales complejos; 4. la bioética debe reconocer al ser humano como sujeto comunional; 5. la bioética implica un compromiso existencial y práctico a favor de todas las personas, en especial, de los más débiles. ---------- In the contemporary debate, many authors seek to show that the bioethics requires a special sensibility to the theoretical and social progresses of the modern world. If the bioethics doesn't assume the achievements of the "progress" but rather it relapses in outdated justifications it will be not well formulated. The paper deals with what modernity consists and to show, before its crisis, the opportunity to thinking Bioethics from parameters that they are able to offer a real alternative regarding the foundation and the perspectives for this discipline. The author thinks that three aspects are crucial to clarify: 1. the nature of the consent; 2. the possibility of an objective morals; 3. the person-centred foundation of the moral life. Moreover, if bioethics is assumed as rigorous and normative practical science, it doesn't require differentiating adjectives but five features of explicit person-centred look: 1. bioethics should build its normativeness starting from the imperative to recognizing the person like a reality per se; 2. bioethics must distinguish with clarity the difference between things and persons; 3. bioethics distinguishes the irreducibility of the human life to other forms of life and to complex material systems; 4. bioethics should recognize the human being like in-communion subject; 5. bioethics implies an existential and practical commitment in favour of all the persons, especially of the weakest ones.

scholarly journals FILANTROPI ISLAM DALAM KONTEKS PEMBANGUNAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA DI INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Sulkifli Sulkifli
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Resource Development ◽  
System Development ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Education Sector ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Human Being ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Capital Development

Throughout the history of the pre-independence and post-independence Indonesia. The role of Islamic philanthropy has made essential contributions in the welfare and empowerment of the public. Not in doubt that the naked eye can see social and economic inequalities at the moment, nothing else due to swift currents of globalization and the development of the modern world that is unstoppable. This is reflected in the firm stance that is not altruistic individualism around. Islamic philanthropy comes with a carrying value of an underlying morality of the humanist spirit (human), that the human being with another human being the same, so it is vital to eliminate all forms of discrimination, mainly to maintain the sustainability of human life on this earth. Social capital development in the era of globalization (globalization) is in need, given the free world economy (free market) is unbelievably intense competition and cruel. One of the foundations of social capital (human capital) is in addition to the knowledge and skills is the ability of people to make associations (associated) with each other. Programs of BAZNAS with the distribution of zakat to the education sector is large enough, then the system development offered by the National Zakat Agency by allocating funds for charity, which reached 20.35 percent, or about 500 billion in the education sector, the other not only to achieve sustainable development which manifests itself with a system of human resource development through the provision of education funds to mustahik, either directly in the form of scholarships, research, support the renovation of schools, or the establishment of schools in the direct management BAZNAS. Modernization and globalization are progressing very significant, if not in conjunction with increased knowledge and the quality of education for the community itself, then a structured poverty will remain rampant.

Ukhuwwah al-Islamiyyah as the Basic Foundation of Islamic Moderation: Study of Abdullah bin Nuh’s Works

Sains Insani ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
Mohammad Noviani Ardi ◽  
Fatimah Abdullah ◽  
Abdullah Arief Cholil
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Diversity Of Life ◽  
Muslim Brothers

Basically, Allah creates the all human being on the earth to know each other and to create love between them without any differences of religion, tribes, cults, and others. Islam as the universal religion teaches its adherents to avoid the violence between Muslim brothers as well as non-Muslim; therefore, Islam accentuates dialogue to realize the tolerance and co-existence in unity and diversity of life. However, nowadays, the values and ethic of Islam on Ukuhuwah Islamiyah have left by the majority of Muslims. The difference on the framework of viewing concept of Islam is occurred crucial controversy among Muslim brothers in understanding of Islam its self. As the result, among Muslims, they judge infidel to fellow Muslim and destroy each other, even though, they still believe to one God of Allah and His messenger, and also one Qibla of Ka’ba in Macca. Finally, Islam is stagnant in its realizing of its mission and vision in development of human life. This study use analytical descriptive mathode in order to relevantize Abdullah bin Nuh’s thought in current issues of Islamic thought. Abdullah bin Nuh is one of Muslim scholar that has great concern and deep attention to regrow of brotherhood among Muslims with the concept of Ukuhwah Islamiyyah. According to him, Ukhuwwah Islamiyyah applies to the whole of Muslim world without any distinction of countries, sects, tribes, as long as they still on one of Shahadah of Allah and His messenger. The concept of Abdullah bin Nuh on Ukhuwwah Islamiyyah is relevance to Muslim problematical today, when the majority of Muslim countries collapse with one issue of sects, for example, the controversy of Sunni and Shia. Abdullah bin Nuh devoted throughout his life to avoid the issues of furu’iyyah and controversy between Sunni and Shia. Moreover, he always cooperates with Iran scholar in term of academic research to encounter modern ideologies.

scholarly journals The philosophical foundations of personal human self-determination in the technogenic civilization

2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 16027
Author(s):  
Tatyana Torubarova ◽  
Olga Dyachenko
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Philosophical Foundations ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Responsible Action

The article considers the problem of human self-identification in the modern world. The relevance of the study is due to the process of human self-alienation, the loss of the person’s rootedness in his own foundational content stemming from the human nature itself. The specificity of philosophical reflection on human being is shown. The leading approach to the study of this problem is the ascent from the abstract to the concrete, which makes it possible to comprehend human being and the phenomena of time, finitude, and corporeality associated with it as phenomena that identify the truly human principle in us and manifest the ontological meaning itself. The dialectical method and hermeneutic analysis of the texts of contemporary researchers considering the problems of the philosophical bases of the human personality in the modern world are also used in this study. The article analyzes the status of the personality in the modern technogenic world, in which the uncontrolled stream of simulations and imitations, which include the human being becoming alienated, puts on the brink not only a person’s presence in the world, but the world itself as a “native home” of human life. The analysis shows that the possibility of human self-identification in the world is possible only due to the fact that it forms and preserves the human principle in us and is the manifestation of its being. The special role of conscious, sane and responsible action in this process is shown.

Konsep Manusia Dalam Perspektif Filsafat Pendidikan Islam (Studi Komparatif Pemikiran Ibn Sina Dan Al-Ghazali)

KUTTAB ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-38
Author(s):  
Ali Rahmat
Keyword(s):  
Learning Process ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Ibn Sina ◽  
Human Personality ◽  
The Difference

Human being could be considered a topic of discussion which is never completed. Therefore, this study will focus more on the concept of human in the perspective of Ibn Sina and al-Ghazali. In the perspective of Ibn Sina the essence of human being is composed of two elements, namely the body (jism) and soul (nafs). These two elements are really different from the ones found in animals and plants. The presence of soul (nafs) is its manifestation. While the body (jism) a tool for nafs. In addition, there is also a strong relationship between the jism and the nafs. Nafs will never achieve a phenomenal stage without the body. When this phenomenal stage is reached, then the nafs will rule the body. Meanwhile, according to al-Gazali the essence of human is composed of several elements, such as: al-nafs, al-ruh, al-qalb, and al-'aql. These four elements have their own function and role, but are mutually complementary parts in shaping the human personality so-called Insan Kamil. The difference of faculties possessed by human is what makes human being the noblest in the sight of Allah. The purpose of human life is to achieve happiness. Education could be considerably successful for being capable of organizing the learning process in producing quality individuals. Thus, in order to produce the quality individuals, then teachers should be able to cultivate a variety of potential possessed by each student as a human being.

scholarly journals Życie i płodność. Moralne aspekty naturalnych metod planowania rodziny

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 163-177
Author(s):  
Marek Kluz
Keyword(s):  
Human Dignity ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Married Couple ◽  
Biological Rhythm ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Fundamental Function ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Church

Fertility is an inalienable feature of a human being, a fundamental function of sexuality, an attribute of maturity and an element that belongs to the essence of life. Fertility as an attribute of spousal love describes the field of many mutual achievements of a couple. Life processes are thus wisely regulated by nature itself in its biological rhythm. The knowledge of corporality and the rhythms of fertility is a prerequisite for responsible parenthood. Thus, responsible parenthood is an important matter for every married couple and the knowledge of nature is of much help in this area. To get to know nature better one must refer to the natural methods of conception, accepted and recommended by the Church. The aim of this publication is to present the natural methods of planning a family as an alternative to other methods widespread in the modern world which pose a danger to human life, marital bond and human dignity. Despite many publications which raise this issue, the subject of giving life in harmony with nature still remains open and inexhaustible.

scholarly journals Homo ex machina. Artificial Intelligence in a Brave New World—A Glimpse from Europe

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Aneta Wiewiórowska-Domagalska
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Modern Human ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Human Being ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Access To Data

Abstract There is no area of human activity that would function today without the involvement of AI technologies. AI, a driving force of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, penetrates modern human life with ever-increasing intensity. As it is claimed, it brings about decision-making efficiency and performance accuracy that has never existed before. At the same time, artificial intelligence creates far-reaching dangers to almost every aspect of the modern world. From the legal point of view, the most eminent ones include: the bias stemming from the inherited historical data that AI tends to repeat and multiply, the problem of the lack of transparency (the “black-box society”) that makes it impossible for a human being to understand how AI arrived at a decision, and the elimination of the human being from the decision-making process, which rises the issue of appropriateness and legitimacy. AI can only be developed when sufficient amount of data is available, and hence the article elaborates on the fundamental role that data plays for the modern world, and how transnational corporations set global rules in relation to collection and access to data in a process that lacks democratic accountability and questions the position of states. The article ends with presenting the UE attempts to address the issues that arise in relation to the unrestricted access to data, invasion of privacy and threats posed by artificial intelligence. It also elaborates on the prominent position that the artificial intelligence holds on the EU political agenda and presents political and legislative actions undertaken by the European Union in this regard.

Inter-country inequality as a dynamic process and the problem of post-industrial development

2018 ◽  
pp. 5-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Grigoryev ◽  
V. A. Pavlyushina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Modern World ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Development Level ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Post Industrial

The phenomenon of economic growth is studied by economists and statisticians in various aspects for a long time. Economic theory is devoted to assessing factors of growth in the tradition of R. Solow, R. Barrow, W. Easterly and others. During the last quarter of the century, however, the institutionalists, namely D. North, D. Wallis, B. Weingast as well as D. Acemoglu and J. Robinson, have shown the complexity of the problem of development on the part of socioeconomic and political institutions. As a result, solving the problem of how economic growth affects inequality between countries has proved extremely difficult. The modern world is very diverse in terms of development level, and the article offers a new approach to the formation of the idea of stylized facts using cluster analysis. The existing statistics allows to estimate on a unified basis the level of GDP production by 174 countries of the world for 1992—2016. The article presents a structured picture of the world: the distribution of countries in seven clusters, different in levels of development. During the period under review, there was a strong per capita GDP growth in PPP in the middle of the distribution, poverty in various countries declined markedly. At the same time, in 1992—2016, the difference increased not only between rich and poor groups of countries, but also between clusters.

Studi Eksegetis Yohanes 1:1-18 Sebagai Apologetik Terhadap Kristologi Saksi Yehuwa

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-41
Author(s):  
Pangeran Manurung
Keyword(s):  
Striking Difference ◽  
Human Being ◽  
John 1 ◽  
Jehovah’S Witnesses ◽  
Jehovah's Witnesses ◽  
Jehovah's Witness ◽  
Search Results ◽  
The Bible ◽  
God The Father ◽  
The Difference

Eksegesa John 1 : 1-18 shows that the Jehovah's Witness teachings deviate from the truth of the Bible and dangerous for Christians . The danger Christology of Jehovah's Witnesses should be bringing us to the prudence and discretion to reject it . It can be said that Jehovah's Witnesses do not include Christianity in accordance with the search results against their teachings . first ; they do not recognize the Bible that has been issued by the Indonesian National Bible Institute and consider if the Bible has too much harm to use their own New Translation of the Holy Scriptures that have been proven not a translation , but just a collection of interpretations and teachings of their leader alone . second ; Jehovah's Witnesses do not acknowledge Jesus as Lord and Savior only . They simply believe that salvation is obtained through belief in Jehovah and his kingdom and perform service message and follow the trial associations .                Before errors interfere Christology Christology of Jehovah's Witnesses Bible , please note that the topic of Christology is the difference between Christianity and other religions . This discussion has also become one of the topics that face many attacks from the outside or from within Christianity , either in the form of religion , philosophy , and ideology . The debate on this topic appeared since the beginning of Christianity , and give rise to a long and complex debate for nearly three centuries ( 300 years ) !! . Such debates will continue to exist throughout the period and just a rehash issues that had once appeared . And Christians should study the various debates and views of the ever emerging that are not easily fooled by the views back to this era .Eksegesa John 1 : 1-18 has been done and produce a biblical Christology and biblical correct . The truth is not in doubt because of the analysis conducted in accordance with the procedures and rules that apply in general . Now if Christology Christology of John compared with Jehovah's Witnesses, it will show a striking difference . Once observed , Christology Witnesses builds upon the interpretation of individuals who previously have had a negative Christological doctrine .                Conclusion those who think that Jesus is the firstborn of Creation ; Jesus was a human being ; Jesus is God in creating a peer ; Jesus lower than God , Jesus is the Angel Gabriel , and other Christological doctrine which basically degrading nature of Christ is a form of insult to the majesty of Christ . The Bible clearly and emphatically teaches that Christ is God incarnate , private alpha and omega , the creator of all that exists , and the equivalent of God the Father . Summing Christ as superior human or clear eldest creation is false teachings . The followers of Jehovah's Witnesses must repent. Amen

PENGEMBANGAN KEILMUAN INTEGRATIF DI UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-402
Author(s):  
Zainal Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Advanced Science ◽  
Epistemological Basis ◽  
Integrative Science

This paper attempts to analyze the development of integrative science at two Islamic universities, namely UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta and UIN Malang. The changes are not just ordinary administrative changes, but based on the epistemological basis of integrated scientific development between science and Islam. The changing of IAIN Sunan Kalijaga and STAIN Malang also showed a new relationship between science (general sciences) and Islam, which requiresmutual relations, mutual dialogue, mutual reinforcement to solve the problems of postmodern human life. The purpose of this relation is to create the graduates who are capable of competing in the postmodern world that increasingly sophisticated and advanced science and technology, in addition, the value of religionbased morality is not abandoned, so they become the holistic human being. Tulisan ini mencoba menganalisis pengembangan keilmuan integratif pada dua universitas Islam negeri, yaitu UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta dan UIN Malang. Perubahan keduanya bukanlah hanya perubahan administrasi biasa, tapi didasari oleh basis epistemologi pengembangan keilmuan terintegrasi antara sains dan Islam. Perubahan IAIN Sunan Kalijaga dan STAIN Malang juga menunjukkan adanya relasi baru antara sains (ilmu-ilmu umum) dan Islam, yaitu relasi saling membutuhkan, saling berdialog, saling menguatkan untuk menyelesaikan problema kehidupan manusia postmodern ini. Tujuan relasi ini untuk mewujudkan lulusan yang mampu bersaing di dunia postmodern yang semakin canggih dan maju ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologinya, selain itu nilai moralitas yang berbasis agama tidak ditinggalkan, sehingga menjadi manusia yang utuh.

The Status of Mind and Intellect in Digital Environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-143
Author(s):  
Elena I. Yaroslavtseva
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Natural Material ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Connection To Nature ◽  
Digital World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Natural Foundation ◽  
The Impact

The article examines the impact of digitalization on human life and intellectual experience. The development of computer technology demands an understanding of new aspects of human development and requires a capability to overcome not only external conditions but also ourselves. Entering a new level of development cannot imply a complete rejection of previous dispositions, but should be accompanied by reflection on personal experience and by the quest for new forms of interaction in society and with nature. Communicative and cognitive activity of a person has an ontological basis and relies on processes that actually evolve in nature. Therefore, the creation of new objects is always associated with the properties of natural material and gives rise to new points of support in the development of man. The more audacious his projects, the more important it is to preserve this connection to nature. It is always the human being who turns out to be the initiator who knows how to solve problems. The conformity of complex technical systems to nature is not only a goal but also a value of meaningful construction of development perspectives. The key to the nature orientation of the modern digital world is the human being himself, who keeps all the secrets of the culture of his natural development. Therefore, the proposed by the Russian philosopher V.S. Stepin post-non-classical approach, based on the principle of “human-sizedness,” is an important contribution to contemporary research because it draws attention to the “human – machine” communication, to the relationship between a person and technological systems he created. The article concludes that during digital transformation, a cultural conflict arises: in an effort to solve the problems of the future, a person equips his life with devices that are designed to support him, to expand his functionality, but at the same time, the boundaries of humanity become dissolved and the forms of human activity undergo simplification. Transhumanism engages society in the fight against fears of vulnerability and memory loss and ignores the flexibility and sustainability of natural foundation.

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