scholarly journals Onset of depressive symptomatology in a sample of university students

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Enzo Santangelo ◽  
Sandro Provenzano ◽  
Dario Piazza ◽  
Alberto Firenze
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Informed Consent ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Self Report ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Perceived Health Status ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The University

The aim of the study was to evaluate depressive symptomatology within the student population of the University of Palermo (Italy). An anonymous online questionnaire was provided to the students of the University of Palermo. The first section investigated demographic and social data, while in the second section the QIDSSR16 (Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report) test was administered. 539 students (68.3% female) gave informed consent and completed the questionnaire. Considering as a dependent variable: Depressive symptomatology moderate- severe-very severe, the statistically significant independent variables associated are I don’t live with my family (aOR 1.63, 95% CI 1.01-2.63, P=0.043), I currently smoke (aOR 1.55, 95% CI 1.01-2.39, P=0.048) and Low perceived health status (aOR 4.14, 95% CI 2.73-6.28, P<0.001). Smoking is associated with an increased risk of developing a high-grade depressive symptomatology. Family plays a crucial role in decreasing the risk of moderate, severe or very severe symptoms.

scholarly journals Onset of depressive symptomatology in a sample of university students

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-11
Author(s):  
Omar Enzo Santangelo ◽  
Sandro Provenzano ◽  
Dario Piazza ◽  
Alberto Firenze
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Informed Consent ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Self Report ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Perceived Health Status ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The University

The aim of the study was to evaluate depressive symptomatology within the student population of the University of Palermo (Italy). An anonymous online questionnaire was provided to the students of the University of Palermo. The first section investigated demographic and social data, while in the second section the QIDSSR16 (Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report) test was administered. 539 students (68.3% female) gave informed consent and completed the questionnaire. Considering as a dependent variable: Depressive symptomatology moderate-severe-very severe, the statistically significant independent variables associated are I don't live with my family (aOR 1.63, 95% CI 1.01-2.63, P=0.043), I currently smoke (aOR 1.55, 95% CI 1.01-2.39, P=0.048) and Low perceived health status (aOR 4.14, 95% CI 2.73-6.28, P<0.001). Smoking is associated with an increased risk of developing a high-grade depressive symptomatology. Family plays a crucial role in decreasing the risk of moderate, severe or very severe symptoms.

scholarly journals Antidepressant use and depressive symptomatology among older people from the Australian Longitudinal Study of Ageing

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Veronica Chow ◽  
Agnes I. Vitry ◽  
Philip Ryan ◽  
Elizabeth E. Roughead ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Perceived Health Status ◽  
Australian Longitudinal Study ◽  
Antidepressant Use

ABSTRACTBackground:Depression is one of the leading contributors to the burden of non-fatal diseases in Australia. Although there is an overall increasing trend in antidepressant use, the relationship between use of antidepressants and depressive symptomatology is not clear, particularly in the older population.Methods:Data for this study were obtained from the Australian Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ALSA), a cohort of 2087 people aged over 65 years at baseline. Four waves of home interviews were conducted between 1992 and 2004 to collect information on sociodemographic and health status. Depressive symptoms were measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies – Depression Scale. Use of antidepressants was based on self-report, with the interviewer able to check packaging details if available. Longitudinal analysis was performed using logistic generalized estimating equations to detect if there was any trend in the use of antidepressants, adjusting for potential confounding factors.Results:The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 15.2% in 1992 and 15.8% in 2004 (p> 0.05). The prevalence of antidepressant users increased from 6.5% to 10.9% (p< 0.01) over this period. Among people with depressive symptoms, less than 20% were taking antidepressants at any wave. Among people without depressive symptoms, the prevalence of antidepressant use was 5.2% in 1992 and 12.0% in 2004 (p< 0.01). Being female (OR = 1.67, 95%CI: 1.25–2.24), having poor self-perceived health status (OR = 1.17, 95%CI: 1.04–1.32), having physical impairment (OR = 1.48, 95%CI: 1.14–1.91) and having depressive symptoms (OR = 1.62, 95%CI: 1.24–2.13) significantly increased the use of antidepressants, while living in community (OR = 0.51, 95%CI: 0.37–0.71) reduced the risk of antidepressant use.Conclusions:Use of antidepressants increased, while depressive symptoms remained stable, in the ALSA over a 12-year period. Use of antidepressants was low for people with depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals Treating Insomnia with High Risk of Depression Using Therapist-Guided Digital Cognitive, Behavioral, and Circadian Rhythm Support Interventions to Prevent Worsening of Depressive Symptoms: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Jeanne Leerssen ◽  
Oti Lakbila-Kamal ◽  
Laura M.S. Dekkers ◽  
Savannah L.C. Ikelaar ◽  
Anne C.W. Albers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Increased Risk

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The global disease burden of major depressive disorder urgently requires prevention in high-risk individuals, such as recently discovered insomnia subtypes. Previous studies targeting insomnia with fully automated eHealth interventions to prevent depression are inconclusive: dropout was high and likely biased, and depressive symptoms in untreated participants on average improved rather than worsened. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> This randomized controlled trial aimed to efficiently prevent the worsening of depressive symptoms by selecting insomnia subtypes at high risk of depression for internet-based circadian rhythm support (CRS), cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I), or their combination (CBT-I+CRS), with online therapist guidance to promote adherence. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Participants with an insomnia disorder subtype conveying an increased risk of depression (<i>n</i> = 132) were randomized to no treatment (NT), CRS, CBT-I, or CBT-I+CRS. The Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology – Self Report (IDS-SR) was self-administered at baseline and at four follow-ups spanning 1 year. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Without treatment, depressive symptoms indeed worsened (<i>d</i> = 0.28, <i>p</i> = 0.041) in high-risk insomnia, but not in a reference group with low-risk insomnia. Therapist-guided CBT-I and CBT-I+CRS reduced IDS-SR ratings across all follow-up assessments (respectively, <i>d</i> = –0.80, <i>p</i> = 0.001; <i>d</i> = –0.95, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). Only CBT-I+CRS reduced the 1-year incidence of clinically meaningful worsening (<i>p</i> = 0.002). Dropout during therapist-guided interventions was very low (8%) compared to previous automated interventions (57–62%). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The findings tentatively suggest that the efficiency of population-wide preventive strategies could benefit from the possibility to select insomnia subtypes at high risk of developing depression for therapist-guided digital CBT-I+CRS. This treatment may provide effective long-term prevention of worsening of depressive symptoms. <b><i>Trial registration:</i></b> the Netherlands Trial Register (NL7359).

PREVALENCE AND CORRELATES OF THE PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME IN ADOLESCENCE

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 302-302
Author(s):  
Shyamala Nada Raja ◽  
Michael Feehan ◽  
Warren R. Stanton ◽  
Rob McGee
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Premenstrual Syndrome ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Maternal Influence ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Perceived Health Status ◽  
Health And Development ◽  
Old Females

In a longitudinal study of their health and development, 384 15-year-old females reported their experience of symptoms indicative of premenstrual syndrome (PMS). The prevalence of these symptoms is reported and a group of adolescents is identified with the syndrome (14%). PMS was associated with current self-reported anxiety, inattention, and poor health. Preadolescent self-report and maternal ratings of physical and mental health did not significantly predict adolescent PMS. The results suggest that the experience of PMS in adolescence may be mediated by perceived health status; the roles of mental health and maternal influence in the development of adolescent PMS may be minimal.

scholarly journals Views of university students in Jordan towards Biobanking

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faisal Khatib ◽  
Dayana Jibrin ◽  
Joud Al-Majali ◽  
Mira Elhussieni ◽  
Sharifeh Almasaid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Willingness To Participate ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Majority Students ◽  
Primary Means ◽  
The University ◽  
Negative Connotation

Abstract Background Biobanks are considered primary means+ of supporting contemporary research, in order to deliver personalized and precise diagnostics with public acceptance and participation as a cornerstone for their success. Aims This study aims to assess knowledge, perception, and attitudes towards biomedical research and biobanking among students at the University of Jordan. Methodology An online questionnaire was designed, developed, and piloted. It was divided into 5 sections that included questions related to issues of biomedical research and biobanking as well as factors influencing the decision to participate. Results Responses from 435 students revealed that 52.9% previously heard of biobanks. There was an overwhelming acceptance for participation in biomedical, genetic, and biobanking research. A blood sample was the most preferred for donation. Protection of privacy, informed consent prior to donation, approval of an ethics committee, and trust towards researchers were the most important factors associated with willingness to participate. On the other hand, the vagueness of the type of research performed on the biospecimens and the unavailability of general research results to the donor had a negative connotation. There was no clear agreement on the type of informed consent preferred by students, but to be contacted and informed of research results was preferred by the majority. Students also preferred the disposal of biospecimens and information when deciding to withdraw from participation. Conclusion There is strong enthusiasm among students to participate in biomedical research and biobanking with all rights reserved thus providing hope for a very promising future in Jordan.

Predicting perceived medication-related hassles in dementia family caregivers

Dementia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 797-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nika R George ◽  
Ann M Steffen
Keyword(s):  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Medication Management ◽  
Medication Administration ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Care Recipient ◽  
Cognitively Impaired ◽  
Prescription Medications ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Independent Variables

Objective This study examined predictors of medication administration hassles reported by intergenerational dementia family caregivers. Methods A sample of 53 women who aided a cognitively impaired older adult with healthcare and who identified as inter-generational caregivers provided self-report medication management and psychosocial data. Results Hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that six independent variables hypothesized for this model, the total number of prescription medications managed by caregivers, educational attainment, care-recipient functional impairment, care-recipient cognitive impairment, caregiver depressive symptomatology, and self-reported feelings of preparedness for the caregiving role together significantly predicted caregiver medication administration hassles scores F(1, 48) = 4.90, p = .032, and accounted for approximately 25% of the variance of self-reported hassles (adjusted R2 = .247). Discussion Future interventions may reduce medication-related hassles by providing psychoeducation about healthcare, medication management, and strategies for coping with care-related stressors and depressed mood.

scholarly journals Predictors of Depressive Symptoms in Rural Farm Women Aged 50 and Over

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-52
Author(s):  
Cheryl Dean Witt ◽  
Deborah B. Reed ◽  
Mary Kay Rayens
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Perceived Health ◽  
Active Coping ◽  
Farm Women ◽  
Perceived Health Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Farm Life

Purpose: Aspects of farming and farm life can contribute to higher levels of depressive symptoms resulting in an increased risk for injury and development of chronic disease and a decrease in overall quality of life. Rural farm women can be subjected to stressors from farming as an occupation, their role within the agrarian culture, and life in a rural area. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations of demographic characteristics, agricultural occupational factors, and health indicators with depressive symptoms among farm women aged 50 years and older. Methods: Secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from the Sustained Work Indicators of Older Farmers Study (2002-2006) was used to examine the influence of factors on depressive symptoms of older (> 50 years) female farmers (N= 358) from North Carolina and Kentucky. The study was framed by a modified version of the Biopsychosocial Model. Logistic regression was conducted to examine the relationships between demographics, perceived health status, active coping score, perceived stress, and factors specific to farm work and depressive symptoms. Findings: Participants’ depressive symptoms status (high vs. low) was predicted by their race/ethnicity, years of education, adequacy of income for vacation, perceived health status, perceived stress, and active coping. Conclusion: This study increases our understanding of the factors associated with depressive symptoms in farm women, but also identifies significant gaps in our knowledge of depressive symptoms among this population. The multifaceted dimensions of depressive symptoms revealed indicate a crucial need to more fully explore the interrelationship among the dimensions of the conceptual model and the physical and mental health of farm women. Additional knowledge gained from these studies will assist in the development of assessment instruments, skills, and plan of care specific to the needs of farm women; thus optimizing the health care of farm women. Key words: rural women, farm women, depressive symptoms, farm life

scholarly journals Observable and Unobservable Involvement Behaviours of a Climatology Course’s Undergraduate Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-85
Author(s):  
T. M. Seixas ◽  
M. A. Salgueiro da silva
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Prior Knowledge ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Multiple Choice ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Classroom Activities ◽  
The University

This study investigated students’ observable and unobservable involvement behaviours and their possible relation with academic achievement in a Climatology course at the Department of Physics and Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto, Portugal, in the Fall 2018/19. A structured online questionnaire titled “Observable and Unobservable Student Involvement Behaviours (OUSIB)” featuring a zero-centred 5-point Likert scale was used to collect the data. The OUSIB questionnaire comprised 20 multiple-choice questions, which were divided into two subscales: (1) Observable Involvement Behaviours; (2) Unobservable Involvement Behaviours; it was validated using Cronbach coefficient alpha. The collected data show that unobservable involvement behaviours are more frequent than the observable ones. This may reflect the difficulties that most students face in understanding the course contents, which likely triggers their introspective (unobservable) in detriment of their observable involvement behaviour. We notice that most of the Climatology syllabus consists of new subjects for which students generally have no prior knowledge or experience. It may constitute a great challenge for students being able to provide regular observable feedback during an entire problem-solving class. Moreover, there is a common tendency for high-grade students to prepare the classes in advance and involve less both observably and unobservably in classroom activities. We found no significant correlation between students’ final grades and their replies to the OUSIB questionnaire, which precludes any possible relationship between students’ academic achievement and their involvement behaviours in problem-solving classes.

scholarly journals Multi-Substance Use Behaviors: Prevalence and Correlates of Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Drug (ATOD) Use among University Students in Finland

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6426
Author(s):  
Walid El Ansari ◽  
Abdul Salam
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Academic Variables ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Academic Policy ◽  
The University

Virtually no studies appraised the co-use of alcohol, tobacco, and other drug (ATOD) among Finn undergraduates. We assessed the associations between sociodemographic, health, academic, policy, and lifestyle characteristics (independent variables); and individual, multiple and increasing ATOD use (dependent variables) using regression analyses. Data were collected by online questionnaire at the University of Turku, Finland (1177 students). Roughly 22% of the sample smoked, 21% ever used illicit drug/s, 41% were high frequency drinkers, and 31.4%, 16.3%, and 6.7% reported 1, 2, or 3 ATOD behaviors respectively. Individual ATOD use was significantly positively associated with the use of the other two substances [adjusted odds ratio (Adj OR range 1.893–3.311)]. Multiple ATOD use was negatively associated with being single (p = 0.021) or agreeing with total smoking or alcohol ban policy on campus (p < 0.0001 for each); but positively associated with not living with parents (p = 0.004). Increasing ATOD behaviors were significantly less likely among those agreeing with total smoking or alcohol ban policy on campus (p range 0.024 to <0.0001). Demographics significant to either individual, multiple, or increasing ATOD use included males, being single, not living with their parents during semesters, and to some extent, religiosity. Age, depressive symptoms, perceived stress, self-rated health, health awareness, income sufficiency, and academic variables were not associated with individual, multiple, or increasing ATOD use. Education and prevention efforts need to reinforce abstinence from ATOD, highlight their harmful outcomes, and target risk groups highlighted above. University strategies should be part of the wider country-wide successful ATOD control policies.

A Silenced Population

Crisis ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 433-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Gryglewicz ◽  
Melanie Bozzay ◽  
Brittany Arthur-Jordon ◽  
Gabriela D. Romero ◽  
Melissa Witmeier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
At Risk Youth ◽  
Peer Relationship ◽  
Student Records ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Method Student

Abstract. Background: Given challenges that exceed the normal developmental requirements of adolescence, deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) youth are believed to be at elevated risk for engaging in suicide-related behavior (SRB). Unfortunately, little is known about the mechanisms that put these youth potentially at risk. Aims: To determine whether peer relationship difficulties are related to increased risk of SRB in DHH youth. Method: Student records (n = 74) were retrieved from an accredited educational center for deaf and blind students in the United States. Results: Peer relationship difficulties were found to be significantly associated with engagement in SRB but not when accounting for depressive symptomatology. Limitations: The restricted sample limits generalizability. Conclusions regarding risk causation cannot be made due to the cross-sectional nature of the study. Conclusion: These results suggest the need for future research that examines the mechanisms of the relationship between peer relationship difficulties, depression, and suicide risk in DHH youth and potential preventive interventions to ameliorate the risks for these at-risk youth.

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