scholarly journals Nurses' and doctors' perceptions regarding the implementation of a triage system in an emergency unit in South Africa

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean E. Augustyn ◽  
Valerie J. Ehlers ◽  
Susanna P. Hattingh
Keyword(s):  
Core Competencies ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Administrative Staff ◽  
Care Provision ◽  
Triage Nurse ◽  
Emergency Unit ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Essential Function ◽  
Cape Triage Score ◽  
Do So

Triage assessment of patients on arrival at an emergency unit is an essential function in quality emergency care provision, and is a cost-effective and time saving venture. This study investigated nurses’ and doctors’ perceptions about the implementation of the Cape Triage Score in one emergency unit. The challenges encountered prior to the implementation of the Cape Triage Score and the roles and core competencies of the triage nurse were addressed as well as the strengths and weaknesses of the Cape Triage Score. In this descriptive, quantitative and exploratory study, 15 nurses and doctors completed questionnaires. The challenges decreased and the sorting of patients improved after the implementation of the Cape Triage Score. Other strengths of this system included that the triage nurse prioritised patients, as opposed to the receptionist or the administrative staff; and nurses could undertake preliminary investigations without waiting for doctors’ orders to do so. The weaknesses of the implemented Cape Triage Score included that it was not fully functional 100% of the time, and that it was difficult to maintain during peak admission periods due to a shortage of nurses. The recommendations included that management should be convinced of the system’s benefits; nurses should perform the triage function on a rotation basis; more nurses should be available during peak periods; and that the administrative and reception staff should also be orientated about the triage system.OpsommingTriage assessering van pasiënte met hulle aankoms by ‘n ongeluk/noodeenheid is ‘n noodsaaklike funksie van noodsorgvoorsiening, en is ‘n koste-effektiewe en tydbesparende onderneming. Hierdie studie het die persepsies van dokters en verpleegkundiges ondersoek betreffende die implementering van die Cape Triage Score in een noodeenheid. Die uitdagings wat ervaar is voor die implementering van die Cape Triage Score, die rolle en kernvaardighede van die triage verpleegkundige asook die swak en sterk punte van die Cape Triage Score is aangespreek. In hierdie beskrywende, kwantitatiewe en verkennende studie het 15 verpleegkundiges en dokters vraelyste voltooi. Uitdagings het verminder en die prioritisering van die pasiënte het verbeter na die implementering van die Cape Triage Score. Ander sterk punte van die stelsel het ingesluit dat die triage verpleegkundige die pasiënte geprioritiseer het, nie die ontvangsdame of die administratiewe personeel nie, en verpleegkundiges kon voorlopige ondersoeke doen sonder om op doktersbevele te wag. Die swakhede van die geïmplementeerde Cape Triage Score het ingesluit dat dit nog nie ten volle 100% van die tyd gefunksioneer het nie, en dat dit moeilik was om triage gedurende spitstye te handhaaf as gevolg van ‘n tekort aan verpleegkundiges. Die aanbevelings het ingesluit dat bestuur oortuig moet word van die voordele van die stelsel, verpleegkundiges triage funksies op ‘n rotasiebasis moet uitvoer, meer verpleegkundiges beskikbaar moet wees gedurende spitstye; en dat administratiewe en ontvangspersoneel ook georiënteer moet word ten opsigte van die triage stelsel.

E-Voting Kepala Desa dan Modal Sosial

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 759
Author(s):  
Khaulah Afifah ◽  
Lala M Kolopaking ◽  
Zessy Ardinal Barlan
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
The Social ◽  
Voting System

Head of a village election with e-voting system is a new thing for community The success level of e-voting system can be reached by fulfil several principles in order to the implementation going effective and the result of the election can be accepted by all. The objectives of this research is to analyze the relation between the success level of e-voting system with social capital of the community. This research is carried out with the quantitative approach and supported by qualitative data. This research takes 60 respondents using simple random sampling technique. The results showed that the success level of e-voting has a correlation with the level of social capital of the community. Based on the field study, the social capital of the community is classified as high. The high social capital makes the implementation of e-voting successful and the success level is also high, because in the election ten years ago occurred a conflict. The community considers e-voting easier and more practical, cost effective and time-saving, and the results of e-voting are also reliable. A practical and fast of e-voting system can be a solution especially for “rural-urban” community who are busy or work outside the village.Keywords: E-voting, the success level of the system, social capital Pemilihan kepala desa dengan sistem e-voting merupakan hal yang baru bagi masyarakat. Keberhasilan penerapan sistem e-voting dilihat dari terpenuhinya beberapa prinsip agar penerapannya berlangsung efektif dan hasilnya dapat diterima oleh seluruh masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan tingkat keberhasilan sistem e-voting dalam pemilihan kepala desa dengan tingkat modal sosial masyarakat. Bentuk penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif yang didukung oleh analisis data kualitatif. Penelitian ini mengambil enam puluh responden dengan teknik simple random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat keberhasilan e-voting memiliki hubungan dengan tingkat modal sosial masyarakat. Berdasarkan kajian di lapang, modal sosial masyarakat tergolong tinggi. Tingginya modal sosial tersebut membuat pelaksanaan e-voting berhasil dan tingkat keberhasilannya juga tergolong tinggi karena pada pemilihan sepuluh tahun silam sempat terjadi konflik. Masyarakat menganggap sistem evoting lebih mudah dan praktis, hemat dalam segi biaya dan waktu, serta hasil dari pemilihan juga dapat dipertanggungjawabkan. Sistem e-voting yang praktis dan cepat dapat menjadi solusi khususnya bagi masyarakat daerah “desa-kota” yang memiliki kesibukan atau pekerjaan di luar desa.Kata Kunci: E-voting, keberhasilan sistem, modal sosial. 

Kinetic Behaviour of Amylase According to pH: A New Perspective for Starch Hydrolysis Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-144
Author(s):  
Ravneet K. Grewal ◽  
Baldeep Kaur ◽  
Gagandeep Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Competitive Inhibition ◽  
Deae Cellulose ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Starch Hydrolysis ◽  
Divalent Metal Ions ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Alkaline Conditions

Background: Amylases are the most widely used biocatalysts in starch saccharification and detergent industries. However, commercially available amylases have few limitations viz. limited activity at low or high pH and Ca2+ dependency. Objective: The quest for exploiting amylase for diverse applications to improve the industrial processes in terms of efficiency and feasibility led us to investigate the kinetics of amylase in the presence of metal ions as a function of pH. Methods: The crude extract from soil fungal isolate cultures is subjected to salt precipitation, dialysis and DEAE cellulose chromatography followed by amylase extraction and is incubated with divalent metal ions (i.e., Ca2+, Fe2+, Cu2+, and Hg2+); Michaelis-Menton constant (Km), and maximum reaction velocity (Vmax) are calculated by plotting the activity data obtained in the absence and presence of ions, as a function of substrate concentration in Lineweaver-Burk Plot. Results: Kinetic studies reveal that amylase is inhibited un-competitively at 5mM Cu2+ at pH 4.5 and 7.5, but non-competitively at pH 9.5. Non-competitive inhibition of amylase catalyzed starch hydrolysis is observed with 5mM Hg2+ at pH 9.5, which changes to mixed inhibition at pH 4.5 and 7.5. At pH 4.5, Ca2+ induces K- and V-type activation of amylase catalyzed starch hydrolysis; however, the enzyme has V-type activation at 7mM Ca2+ under alkaline conditions. Also, K- and V-type of activation of amylase is observed in the presence of 7mM Fe2+ at pH 4.5 and 9.5. Conclusion: These findings suggest that divalent ions modulation of amylase is pH dependent. Furthermore, a time-saving and cost-effective solution is proposed to overcome the challenges of the existing methodology of starch hydrolysis in starch and detergent industries.

A revised FMEA application to the quality control management

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 788-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Paciarotti ◽  
Giovanni Mazzuto ◽  
Davide D’Ettorre
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Weight Functions ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Complete Procedure ◽  
Medium Enterprise ◽  
Control Management ◽  
Critical Situations

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose a cost-effective, time-saving and easy-to-use failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) system applied on the quality control of supplied products. The traditional FMEA has been modified and adapted to fit the quality control features and requirements. The paper introduces a new and revised FMEA approach, where the “failure concept” has been modified with “defect concept.” Design/methodology/approach – The typical FMEA parameters have been modified, and a non-linear scale has been introduced to better evaluate the FMEA parameters. In addition, two weight functions have been introduced in the risk priority number (RPN) calculus in order to consider different critical situations previously ignored and the RPN is assigned to several similar products in order to reduce the problem of complexity. Findings – A complete procedure is provided in order to assist managers in deciding on the critical suppliers, the creation of homogeneous families overcome the complexity of single product code approach, in RPN definition the relative importance of factors is evaluated. Originality/value – This different approach facilitates the quality control managers acting as a structured and “friendly” decision support system: the quality control manager can easily evaluate the critical situations and simulate different scenarios of corrective actions in order to choose the best one. This FMEA technique is a dynamic tool and the performed process is an iterative one. The method has been applied in a small medium enterprise producing hydro massage bathtub, shower, spas and that commercializes bathroom furniture. The firm application has been carried out involving a cross-functional and multidisciplinary team.

A Novel Nonsurgical Technique for Correcting Congenital Auricular Anomalies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shay I. Duvdevani ◽  
Hadas Knoller ◽  
Noa Rozendorn ◽  
Eran E. Alon ◽  
Ory Madgar
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Initiation ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Normal Appearance ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Effective Time ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ear Anomalies ◽  
Surgical Corrections

AbstractCongenital ear anomalies are associated with psychological morbidity. Ear deformities can usually be corrected by nonsurgical techniques such as splinting or molding in the neonatal period, initiated before 6 weeks. Without early corrections, many will require otoplasty during childhood. We introduce a novel silicone-based custom mold technique for congenital ear anomalies. The highly malleable silicone was pushed into every part of the auricle, enabling the auricle to remain in the desired shape, with new molds made weekly. Of 31 newborns (18 males, 13 females), 54 ears were treated. Average age at treatment initiation was 26.8 days. The mean treatment duration was 43.2 days, with a median of 28 days. Normal appearance and parent's satisfaction were achieved in 30 patients with 49 deformed ears and also in four newborns older than 6 weeks. Three concha type microtia in two patients achieved great improvements and parents' satisfaction. No complications were reported. Marked aesthetic improvements and normal appearance were achieved for all deformed auricles treated, and improvements in the concha type microtia will partially alleviate future surgical corrections. The results are not inferior to other techniques. The advantages are as follows: cost-effective, time-saving, simple to master, no need for hair shaving, and easy use for parents. Patients older than 6 weeks of age achieved normal auricle appearance, enabling the correction in older newborns. Custom made silicone auricle molding offers a simple nonsurgical technique for correcting congenital ear anomalies, alleviating the need for future surgical corrections.

An efficient solution for the single-step synthesis of 4CaO·Al2O3·Fe2O3 powders

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Ianoş
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Solution Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Combustion Reaction ◽  
Exothermic Effect ◽  
Solution Combustion ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
X Ray

Single-phase nanocrystalline 4CaO·Al2O3·Fe2O3 powders were prepared directly from the combustion reaction using a new cost-effective, time-saving, and environmentally friendly version of solution combustion synthesis. Instead of a single fuel, a fuel mixture of urea and β-alanine was used. It was shown by x-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive x-ray analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and optical microscopy that this new version of the solution combustion synthesis allows the maximization of the exothermic effect associated with the combustion reaction. On the other hand, it was shown that the traditional version of combustion synthesis involving the use of a single fuel, such as urea or β-alanine, does not ensure the formation of Ca4Al2Fe2O10 unless subsequent thermal treatments are applied. It was suggested that the occurrence of combustion reactions cannot be regarded only in terms of adiabatic temperature, as the kinetic aspects overrule the thermodynamic ones.

Use of EcoTILLING to identify natural allelic variants of rice candidate genes involved in salinity tolerance

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 300-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Negrão ◽  
C. Almadanim ◽  
I. Pires ◽  
K. L. McNally ◽  
M. M. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Allelic Variants ◽  
Small Indels ◽  
Stress Signal

Rice is a salt-sensitive species with enormous genetic variation for salt tolerance hidden in its germplasm pool. The EcoTILLING technique allows us to assign haplotypes, thus reducing the number of accessions to be sequenced, becoming a cost-effective, time-saving and high-throughput method, ideal to be used in laboratories with limited financial resources. Aiming to find alleles associated with salinity tolerance, we are currently using the EcoTILLING technique to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and small indels across 375 germplasm accessions representing the diversity available in domesticated rice. We are targeting several genes known to be involved in salt stress signal transduction (OsCPK17) or tolerance mechanisms (SalT). So far, we found a total of 15 and 23 representative SNPs or indels in OsCPK17 and SalT, respectively. These natural allelic variants are mostly located in 3′-untranslated region, thus opening a new path for studying their potential contribution to the regulation of gene expression and possible role in salt tolerance.

Modern Paradigm Towards Potential Target Identification for Antiviral (SARS-nCoV-2) and Anticancer Lipopeptides: A Pharmacophore-Based Approach

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manisha Yadav ◽  
J. Satya Eswari
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Target Identification ◽  
Target Prediction ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Target Proteins ◽  
Lead Compounds ◽  
Potential Target ◽  
Biopharmaceutical Properties

Background: Lipopeptides are potential microbial metabolites that are abandoned with broad spectrum biopharmaceutical properties ranging from antimicrobial, antiviral and anticancer, etc. Clinical studies are not much explored beyond the experimental methods to understand drug mechanisms on target proteins at the molecular level for large molecules. Due to the less available studies on potential target proteins of lipopeptide based drugs, their potential inhibitory role for more obvious treatment on disease have not been explored in the direction of lead optimization. However, Computational approaches need to be utilized to explore drug discovery aspects on lipopeptide based drugs, which are time saving and cost-effective techniques. Methods: Here a ligand-based drug discovery approach is coupled with reverse pharmacophore-mapping for the prediction of potential targets for antiviral (SARS-nCoV-2) and anticancer lipopeptides. Web-based servers PharmMapper and Swiss Target Prediction are used for the identification of target proteins for lipopeptides surfactin and iturin produced by Bacillus subtilis. Results: The studies have given the insight to treat the diseases with next-generation large molecule therapeutics. Results also indicate the affinity for Angiotensin-Converting Enzymes (ACE) and proteases as the potential viral targets for these categories of peptide therapeutics. A target protein for the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) has also been mapped. Conclusion: The work will further help in exploring computer-aided drug designing of novel compounds with greater efficiency where the structure of the target proteins and lead compounds are known.  

Milk Pasteurization and Characterization Using Mono-Mode Microwave Reactor and Slotted Coaxial Antenna

2020 ◽  
pp. 107-138
Author(s):  
Suhail Abdullah ◽  
Kok Yeow You ◽  
Cheong Yew Chong ◽  
Mohamed Sultan Mohamed Ali
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Conventional Heating ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Microwave Reactor ◽  
Optimum Energy ◽  
Specimen Volume ◽  
Microwave Reactors

Mono-mode microwave reactors are usually used to heat substances, especially food. This is because heating using a microwave reactor can sustain the flavor, color, and nutrition of the food. Furthermore, this heating technique is cost-effective and time-saving compared to a conventional heating method. The mono-mode reactor is able to determine the absorption of microwave power accurately on the heated substance versus a multimode reactor. In this chapter, a simple and precise mono-mode microwave reactor is designed and developed especially for research laboratories. The advantage of this reactor is to provide a more accurate calibration process, in order to improve the optimum energy use in the heating process, as well as the temperature of the specimen. The reactor can generate output power from 30 watts to 1500 watts, operating at 2.45±0.03 GHz and capable of accommodating a specimen volume of 780 cm3. Pure water is used as a heated specimen to demonstrate the performance and efficiency of this reactor.

Cross-Channel Cooperation

2009 ◽  
pp. 299-304
Author(s):  
Tobias Kollmann
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Core Competencies ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Real Economy ◽  
New Business ◽  
Online Business ◽  
Transfer Of Information ◽  
Digital Channels ◽  
Net Economy

The rapid growth of Internet technologies induced a structural change in both social and economic spheres. Digital channels have become an integral part of daily life, and their influence on the transfer of information has become ubiquitous. An entirely new business dimension that may be referred to as the Net economy has emerged. Internet-based e-ventures that are operating at this electronic trade level are based on innovative and promising online business models (Kollmann, 2006). But also traditional enterprises that are operating at the physical trade level (real economy) increasingly utilize digital channels to improve their business processes and to reach new customer segments. With the Internet, the cooperation between enterprises reached a new level of quality. The wide, open, and cost-effective infrastructure allows a simple, fast exchange of data and thus a synchronization of business processes over large distances. Particularly for e-ventures introducing their new business ideas, online cooperation is a promising strategy as it enables the partners to create more attractive product offers and represents a basis for more efficiently and effectively communicating and distributing their product offers (Kollmann, 2004; Volkmann & Tokarski, 2006). Online cooperation, however, does not incorporate off-line channels such as print media, stores, or sales forces. For the combined management of online and offline channels, cooperation can be expected to hold an outstanding potential. Partnering with companies from the Net economy may help traditional enterprises to reach new market segments without extending themselves beyond their core competencies—and vice versa. In this context, cross-channel cooperation can be defined as the collaborative integration of online and offline business models aiming at attaining positive synergetic effects for the involved partners by a complement of competencies. (Kollmann & Häsel, 2006, p. 3) Cross-channel cooperation can be regarded a new management task that is worthwhile to be examined in more detail. Although researchers have broadly covered the area of online cooperation, a comprehensive study on cross-channel cooperation has not been undertaken up to now. Particularly the question arises, which cooperation forms represent feasible strategies for both e-ventures and traditional enterprises. Besides its contribution to literature, this article is intended to assist practitioners in evaluating the benefits of crosschannel cooperation for their own businesses.

scholarly journals Validation of variants using cost effective highresolution melting (HRM) analysis predicted from target re-sequencing in Eucalyptus

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-113
Author(s):  
Abdul Bari Muneera Parveen ◽  
Divya Lakshmanan ◽  
Modhumita Ghosh Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Hrm Analysis ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Generation Sequencing

The advent of next-generation sequencing has facilitated large-scale discovery and mapping of genomic variants for high-throughput genotyping. Several research groups working in tree species are presently employing next generation sequencing (NGS) platforms for marker discovery, since it is a cost effective and time saving strategy. However, most trees lack a chromosome level genome map and validation of variants for downstream application becomes obligatory. The cost associated with identifying potential variants from the enormous amount of sequence data is a major limitation. In the present study, high resolution melting (HRM) analysis was optimized for rapid validation of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), insertions or deletions (InDels) and simple sequence repeats (SSRs) predicted from exome sequencing of parents and hybrids of Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm. ? Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden generated from controlled hybridization. The cost per data point was less than 0.5 USD, providing great flexibility in terms of cost and sensitivity, when compared to other validation methods. The sensitivity of this technology in variant detection can be extended to other applications including Bar-HRM for species authentication and TILLING for detection of mutants.

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