scholarly journals The journey of Jephthah’s daughter: On spatial cognition, body and language in Judges 11:37

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriaan Lamprecht
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Cognition ◽  
Motion Path ◽  
Linguistic Processing ◽  
Target Domain ◽  
Literal Interpretation ◽  
Source Domain ◽  
Image Schemas ◽  
Objective Space ◽  
Cognitive Semantic ◽  
Metaphorical Mapping

The traditional literal interpretation of the text in Judges 11:37 shows exceptional variation in topographic depiction. The literal interpretation of Driver, published in Zeitschrift für die Alttestamentliche Wissenschaft, is an example. From a linguistic perspective, no attention was paid whatsoever to the relation of interiority between an objective body and an objective space. This article proposes a cognitive semantic perspective and argues that the motion-path verb ירד (yrd) in Judges 11:37 carries a metaphorical meaning, and the linguistic processing, that is, the metaphorical mapping of the image schematic structure of CHANGE (up-down) as the source domain onto that of BEHAVIOUR as the target domain, involving activation of cultural spatial and bodily systems. With this background in mind, Judges 11:37 represents a new understanding for similar UP-DOWN image schemas applied in the Hebrew Bible.Contribution: This article contributes to the understanding of the apparent ‘inexact’ sense of the use of ירד (yrd) in Judges 11:37.

scholarly journals ASMÂ YAUM AL-QIYÂMAH FÎ AL-QUR’ÂN AL-KARÎM MIN KHILÂL AL-MANZHÛR AL-DALÂLÎ AL-MA’RIFÎ WA QIYAMUHU AL-TARBAWIYAH AL-RÛHIYAH

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 206
Author(s):  
Abdul Kosim ◽  
Tajudin Nur ◽  
T. Fuad Wahab ◽  
Wahya Wahya
Keyword(s):  
Moral Education ◽  
Spiritual Education ◽  
Target Domain ◽  
Semantic Approach ◽  
Source Domain ◽  
State Time ◽  
Cognitive Semantic ◽  
Time Movement

This study aimed to discuss the names of judgment day in the Qur'an through cognitive semantic approach and the values of spiritual education. Through the cognitive semantic approach, the conception of meaning to describe the judgment day in the Qur’an was formulated by mapping the meaning resulted from the source domain (Sd) to target domain (Sd). To show and compare references in (Sd) to (Td), referential technique was used. From organizing (Sd) to (Td) on metaphorical expressions which showed the judgment day in the Qur'an, the conceptions of the meaning of state, time, movement, and change were generated. The studies on the names of judgment day in the Qur'an influence the value of moral education, which is able to increase faith in God, observe nature and its big symptoms, create good character between God and man, and believe in God’s noble character.

scholarly journals METAPHOR POWER AND SOURCE DOMAIN CONTENT: METAPHOR FUNCTIONAL TYPOLOGY INDEX

2021 ◽  
pp. 90-102
Author(s):  
OLEG I. KALININ ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Target Domain ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Source Domain ◽  
The Public ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Metaphorical Mapping

This article examines the dependence of the metaphor power in communication and patterns of the metaphorical mapping as well as methods for quantitative analysis of metaphors in the text. Metaphor functional typology index (MfTI) is proposed and tested. This index is based on the division of metaphors into orientational, ontological and structural, which perform descriptive, identification and restructuring functions. The mathematical logic of calculating the index assumes that, based on the final numerical value, one can draw a conclusion about the predominant function played by the system of metaphorical models in the text or discourse, and, as a result, analyze the level of its speech impact. This method was tested in practice to solve two research problems: a descriptive analysis of the whole text’s metaphor power and a comparative analysis of metaphorical models with different source domains and one target domain. We analyzed the metaphorical nature of the texts of the New Year addresses of the political leaders of the Russian Federation, China and Great Britain, the public speeches of V...

Metaphor in Hakka proverbs

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-576
Author(s):  
Huei-ling Lai
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
Family Values ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
Target Domain ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor Theory ◽  
Source Domain ◽  
Image Mapping ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
Metaphorical Mapping ◽  
State Of Affairs

Abstract This paper investigates metaphor in Hakka proverbs by examining a corpus of 933 couplets based on a refined analytic framework from Lakoff & Turner (1989). For the source domain, the being of the state of affairs and the rhetorical relations of the two chunks are identified. For the target domain, the projected theme and the connotative tendency are examined. The results show that source domains significantly correlate with the rhetorical relations and target domains, respectively. Four metaphorical mapping mechanisms based on the generic is specific metaphor are proposed for the operation of the global construal. A mirror image mapping is demonstrated: whole-for-part metonymy in the source domain and part-for-whole metonymy in the target domain. Both the evoked knowledge schemas, encompassing real-life Hakka folk experiences, and the projected themes, including family values, individual characters, and evaluations or standards of life, are found to be culturally constrained. A coalescence of linguistic, cultural, and affective forces is claimed to represent the metaphors in Hakka proverbs. The study contributes to a better understanding of metaphors in proverbs by establishing a solid ground from their linguistic and cultural features, and to expanding the conceptual metaphor theory by building the conceptual universality with specific cultural information.

The inflexibility of invariance

1999 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Stockwell
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Alternative Solution ◽  
Target Domain ◽  
Cognitive Poetics ◽  
Source Domain ◽  
George Lakoff ◽  
Mapping Process ◽  
Invariance Hypothesis ◽  
Metaphorical Mapping ◽  
Linguistic Basis

The Invariance Hypothesis was originally proposed by George Lakoff and Mark Turner in 1989. Since then, a range of versions has evolved so that there are currently both strong and weak statements of it. In general, the Invariance Hypothesis suggests a constraint on the information carried in a metaphorical mapping, as modelled in cognitive linguistics. It seeks to preserve the receiver’s knowledge about the target domain of a metaphor, so that the target retains its basic conceptual integrity in the mapping process. In other words, only that amount of the source domain that is consistent with the preservation of the target is mapped. Invariance is proposed to resolve a perceived problem in accounting for some metaphors, in order to sustain the claims of cognitive linguistics to be a useful and applicable model of language. However, I believe that this is mistaken, and that acceptance of the Invariance Hypothesis is itself a threat to the value of cognitive linguistics, as applied to literature (where it has come to be called cognitive poetics or cognitive stylistics). I will use literary examples to argue for the rejection of the Invariance Hypothesis, which curtails the perception of metaphor as creative, and cannot explain its capacity for reference to a new sense beyond source and target. This limitation is counter to the larger claims of cognitive linguistics concerning the linguistic basis and embodiment of culture and perception. Finally, I suggest an alternative solution, arising from the analysis of literary examples, which preserves the general value of cognitive linguistics while escaping the inflexibility of invariance.

scholarly journals METAFORA KONSEPTUAL DALAM JUDUL BERITA KONTAN.CO.ID: KAJIAN LINGUISTIK KOGNITIF

SUAR BETANG ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Baiq Haula
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Online News ◽  
Cognitive Semantics ◽  
Target Domain ◽  
Basic Technique ◽  
Source Domain ◽  
Metaphorical Mapping ◽  
Selection Of

The study is titled “Conceptual Metaphor in Kontan.co.id News Titles: A Study of Cognitive Semantics”. The selection of news title diction is not only explicitly delivered, but also implicitly that is by using metaphors. This research is included in qualitative research that is descriptive. The source of metaphoric data comes from online news site Kontan.co.id. The methods used in data collection are in the name of the method of simak with the technique of note as the basic technique and method of data analysis using the method of clay with advanced techniques for direct elements (BUL). The results of the study showed three types of metaphors that were found, namely structural metaphors as much as two data, orientational metaphors as many as two data, and ontological metaphors as many as two data. Based on metaphorical mapping between the source domain and the target domain of the dominant image scheme formed is identity.

scholarly journals The metaphorical use of "on"

1999 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignasi Navarro Ferrando
Keyword(s):  
Invariance Principle ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Physical Domain ◽  
Target Domain ◽  
Conceptual Schema ◽  
Source Domain ◽  
Image Schemas ◽  
Abstract Domains ◽  
Basic Image ◽  
Selection Of

An attempt is made at refuting the idea that figurative uses of prepositions are chaotic. Figurative uses of the preposition on are explained as the result of metaphorical mappings from the physical domain onto abstract domains. The semantic structure of this preposition in the source domain is explained as a conceptual schema (support), which is formed as a combination of three more basic image schemas, namely, the contact schema, the control schema, and the force downwards schema. The Invariance Principle guarantees the preservation of the logic of these image schemas in target domains. The selection of a particular target domain is, therefore, motivated.

The Concept of Animals in Balinese Proverbs

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
I Wayan Budiarta ◽  
Ni Wayan Kasni
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biological Characteristic ◽  
Speech Community ◽  
Target Domain ◽  
Source Domain ◽  
Mapping Process

This research is aimed to figure out the syntactic structure of Balinese proverbs, the relation of meaning between the name of the animals and the meaning of the proverbs, and how the meanings are constructed in logical dimension. This research belongs to a qualitative as the data of this research are qualitative data which taken from a book entitled Basita Paribahasa written by Simpen (1993) and a book of Balinese short story written by Sewamara (1977). The analysis shows that the use of concept of animals in Balinese proverbs reveal similar characteristics, whether their form, their nature, and their condition. Moreover, the cognitive processes which happen in resulting the proverb is by conceptualizing the experience which is felt by the body, the nature, and the characteristic which owned by the target with the purpose of describing event or experience by the speech community of Balinese. Analogically, the similarity of characteristic in the form of shape of source domain can be proved visually, while the characteristic of the nature and the condition can be proved through bodily and empirical experiences. Ecolinguistics parameters are used to construct of Balinese proverbs which happen due to cross mapping process. It is caused by the presence of close characteristic or biological characteristic which is owned by the source domain and target domain, especially between Balinese with animal which then are verbally recorded and further patterned in ideological, biological, and sociological dimensions.

Correlation alignment with attention mechanism for unsupervised domain adaptation

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Rong Chen ◽  
Chongguang Ren
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language Processing ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Transfer Process ◽  
Negative Transfer ◽  
Domain Adaptation ◽  
Attention Mechanism ◽  
Target Domain ◽  
Source Domain ◽  
Second Order Statistics ◽  
Unsupervised Domain Adaptation

Domain adaptation aims to solve the problems of lacking labels. Most existing works of domain adaptation mainly focus on aligning the feature distributions between the source and target domain. However, in the field of Natural Language Processing, some of the words in different domains convey different sentiment. Thus not all features of the source domain should be transferred, and it would cause negative transfer when aligning the untransferable features. To address this issue, we propose a Correlation Alignment with Attention mechanism for unsupervised Domain Adaptation (CAADA) model. In the model, an attention mechanism is introduced into the transfer process for domain adaptation, which can capture the positively transferable features in source and target domain. Moreover, the CORrelation ALignment (CORAL) loss is utilized to minimize the domain discrepancy by aligning the second-order statistics of the positively transferable features extracted by the attention mechanism. Extensive experiments on the Amazon review dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of CAADA method.

Red-hot faces and burnt hearts

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 482-516
Author(s):  
Sérgio N. Menete ◽  
Guiying Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Source ◽  
Conceptual Structure ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Target Domain ◽  
Bodily Experience ◽  
Source Domain ◽  
African Languages

Abstract People from different languages draw from the knowledge they have from the domain of heat (source domain) and apply it to the domain of anger (target domain) through metaphor. This was also found to be the case with Amharic and Changana. Our study investigates how anger is metaphorically conceptualized in these two languages. Many similarities were found even though variations do exist cross-linguistically. It is suggested that the similarities between these languages in conceptualizing anger lie in the fact that human beings share the same bodily experience: (physiology) embodiment, even though variations may arise due to the differences in cultural embodiment (race, values and geographical localization, etc). The study seeks to demonstrate how these two dimensions contribute to the overall conceptual structure of anger is heat metaphor in these two (unrelated) African languages.

DAFI

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Hang Li ◽  
Xi Chen ◽  
Ju Wang ◽  
Di Wu ◽  
Xue Liu
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Localization ◽  
Domain Adaptation ◽  
Target Domain ◽  
Localization Accuracy ◽  
Source Domain ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Time Signals ◽  
Environmental Variations ◽  
Device Free ◽  
Localization Approach

WiFi-based Device-free Passive (DfP) indoor localization systems liberate their users from carrying dedicated sensors or smartphones, and thus provide a non-intrusive and pleasant experience. Although existing fingerprint-based systems achieve sub-meter-level localization accuracy by training location classifiers/regressors on WiFi signal fingerprints, they are usually vulnerable to small variations in an environment. A daily change, e.g., displacement of a chair, may cause a big inconsistency between the recorded fingerprints and the real-time signals, leading to significant localization errors. In this paper, we introduce a Domain Adaptation WiFi (DAFI) localization approach to address the problem. DAFI formulates this fingerprint inconsistency issue as a domain adaptation problem, where the original environment is the source domain and the changed environment is the target domain. Directly applying existing domain adaptation methods to our specific problem is challenging, since it is generally hard to distinguish the variations in the different WiFi domains (i.e., signal changes caused by different environmental variations). DAFI embraces the following techniques to tackle this challenge. 1) DAFI aligns both marginal and conditional distributions of features in different domains. 2) Inside the target domain, DAFI squeezes the marginal distribution of every class to be more concentrated at its center. 3) Between two domains, DAFI conducts fine-grained alignment by forcing every target-domain class to better align with its source-domain counterpart. By doing these, DAFI outperforms the state of the art by up to 14.2% in real-world experiments.

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