scholarly journals Encouraging Subspecialty Practice by Constructively Influencing Trainees Early in their Careers Will Improve Advocacy for Neuro-Ophthalmology among Nigerian Ophthalmologists

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. JMECD.S40794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olufunmilola A. Ogun
Keyword(s):  
Medical Training ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Subspecialty Training ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Health Institutions ◽  
Health Institutions ◽  
Training Opportunities ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

This study was conducted to assess the current knowledge, attitude, and perception of Nigerian ophthalmologists toward neuro-ophthalmology; identify barriers to the uptake of neuro-ophthalmology as a desired subspecialty; and make recommendations to improve interest in neuro-ophthalmology training. This was a cross-sectional survey of ophthalmology consultants and trainees from the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria, who were attending a national ophthalmology conference. All consenting respondents voluntarily completed a validated self-administered questionnaire. There were 107 respondents comprising 56 males and 51 females. Majority (54.2%) of respondents were aged 40 years and younger. Almost half (47.8%) worked at tertiary level, public health institutions. Only 10.3% worked in private practice. Neuro-ophthalmology exposure was short and occurred mainly during residency (65.7%), while 15% had no exposure at all. Most (80.4%) indicated only nominal interest in neuro-ophthalmology, while only 4.6% indicated a desire to specialize in the field. Financial constraint was the main obstacle to the pursuit of subspecialty training. A total of 86% of respondents admitted that full (34%) or partial (52%) Funding would motivate them to pursue the training. Among respondents desiring part sponsorship, more than half were willing to augment such sponsorship with personal funds. In conclusion, career interest in neuro-ophthalmology is very low among Nigerian ophthalmologists. Late and limited exposure to neuro-ophthalmology during medical training may be contributing factors. Early exposure to neuro-ophthalmology during medical school rotations, coupled with the provision of sponsored subspecialty training opportunities, will serve to increase enrollment in the field.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Leadership Competencies of Executives in Lithuanian Public Health Institutions

Medicina ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mindaugas Stankūnas ◽  
Skirmantė Sauliūnė ◽  
Tony Smith ◽  
Mark Avery ◽  
Linas Šumskas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Conflict Management ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Leadership Competencies ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Point Rating Scale ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Public Health Institutions ◽  
Health Institutions

Background and Objective. Lithuanian and international public health experts emphasize the importance of leadership in public health. The aim of this study was to explore the self-assessed level of leadership competencies of executives in Lithuanian public health institutions. Material and Methods. Data were collected in a cross-sectional survey of executives of Lithuanian public health institutions in 2010. The total number of returned questionnaires was 55 (response rate, 58.5%). Respondents were asked about their competencies in leadership, teamwork, communication, and conflict management. The evaluation was carried out by analyzing the answers provided in the survey, which used a 5-point rating scale. In addition, the Belbin Team-Role Self-Perception Inventory and the Thomas-Kilmann Conflict Mode Instrument were used. Results. The results showed that respondents were reserved or limited in their individual capacities through this evaluation of their leadership competencies. The mean score was 3.47 (SD, 0.71). Skills in competency areas of communication, teamwork, and conflict management were scored higher (3.73 [SD, 0.67], 3.73 [SD, 0.62], and 3.53 [SD, 0.63], respectively). Most of executives preferred to choose action-oriented roles (76.2%). The most common role was “implementer” (69.1%). “Avoiding” (52.7%) was the most common conflict solving strategy. The results showed that 89.1% of executives wanted to improve teamwork; 83.6%, leadership competencies; 81.8%, communication; and 80.0%, conflict management. Conclusions. The study results suggest that the executives of Lithuanian public health institutions evaluate their leadership competencies moderately. These results indicate the value of leadership training for public health executives.

Knowledge-Practice Gap Regarding Surgical Scrubs Among Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hania Shahzad ◽  
Khan Osama Bin Fraz ◽  
Ayat Siddiqui ◽  
Narjis Rizvi
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Standards Of Practice ◽  
Knowledge Practice ◽  
Practice Gap ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Abstract Background: Medical students are involved in various aspects of patient care. Their lack of knowledge regarding infection control can compromise the safety of the patients. In this study, we describe the current knowledge and practice of medical students regarding surgical scrubs.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey among medical students using a self-administered questionnaire. The questions were based on the American Association of Surgical Technologists Standards of Practice for Surgical Attire, Surgical Scrub, Hand Hygiene, and Handwashing.Results: Most students correctly identified the components of surgical scrubs including scrub suit (95.5%), shoe covers (95.4%), headcover (94.9%), and masks (93.9%). 82.7% of students were aware of the policy of wearing surgical scrubs off-campus, 78.7% knew the correct method of using the protective over gowns, only 52.8% knew permissible areas for wearing surgical scrubs. Students’ adequate knowledge did not translate into their practices. 57.1% of the students reported not having received any formal education on scrub use. Inconvenience (66.9%), was cited as the most common cause of scrub re-use and unsafe practices.Conclusions: Medical students have sufficient knowledge regarding surgical scrubs which does not translate into their practices. The majority of the students report as not having received any formal training regarding surgical scrub guidelines. Improving medical student surgical scrub practices may help reduce the burden of HAIs in developing countries.

Oscillation between identities and Subjective psychological health objectives among an informed audience in therapeutic patient education

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 10202
Author(s):  
Sandrine Roussel ◽  
Alain Deccache ◽  
Mariane Frenay
Keyword(s):  
Patient Education ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Therapeutic Patient Education ◽  
French Speaking ◽  
Health Objectives ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Introduction: The implementation of Therapeutic Patient Education (TPE) remains a challenge. An exploratory study highlighted two tendencies among practitioners of TPE, which could hamper this implementation: an oscillation between identities (as caregivers versus as educators) and an inclination towards subjective psychological health objectives. Objectives: To verify whether these tendencies can be observed among an informed audience in TPE. Next, to explore the variables associated with one or other of these tendencies. Method: A quantitative cross-sectional survey by a self-administered questionnaire was carried out among 90 French-speaking healthcare professionals. Statistical analyses (chi-square, logistic regression) were then conducted. Results: Sixty percent of respondents displayed identity oscillation, which was found to be linked to task oscillation, patient curability, scepticism towards medicine and practising in France. Fifty-six percent pursued subjective psychological health objectives, which was found to be associated with health behaviour objectives and a locus of power in the healthcare relationship distinct from those seen in the pre-existing health models (biomedical, global). This tendency seems to constitute an alternative model of TPE. Discussion & conclusion: Identity oscillation and subjective psychological health objectives can be both observed. This study stresses the need to deliberate on the form(s) of TPE that is/are desired.

Corporate Social Responsibility Practices in Bank: A Case of Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalowar Hossan
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Positive Reaction ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

The purpose of this article is to examine the influence of corporate social responsibility practices of Dutch-Bangla Bank Limited (DBBL), Bangladesh and to know the client’s knowledge, feedback, awareness and eagerness towards the CSR activities while choosing a bank. This study also investigates the level of present and expected CSR contribution of this bank. A cross- sectional survey design was used for the study featuring a self administered questionnaire and data were collected from 100 clients at South Surma branch. Data were analyzed using SPSS and the findings revealed that CSR activities played an important role for clients to choose a bank. Most of the clients were aware of CSR program and they had positive reaction to CSR practices of DBBL. Clients also suggested to expand CSR practices and they were willing to contribute for social activities financially. The results show the policy implications for business community, citizen, customers, investors, managers and other stakeholders.

scholarly journals Mental Health of COVID-19 Patients—A Cross-Sectional Survey in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4758
Author(s):  
Hasan Saeed Alamri ◽  
Wesam F. Mousa ◽  
Abdullah Algarni ◽  
Shehata F. Megahid ◽  
Ali Al Bshabshe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Patients Experience ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Background: This study aims to investigate the mental health of COVID-19 patients in Saudi Arabia. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out targeting confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia. Due to travel and time constraints as well as the accessibility of patients, cases were included from East Jeddah Hospital, King Abdulaziz Hospital, and the Oncology Center in Jeddah. The data were collected using a predesigned self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire addressed COVID-19 cases, personal data, medical history, smoking, traveling abroad, and work-related conditions. Additionally, data regarding contact level with COVID-19 cases were considered. The mental health statuses of the patients were assessed using a validated Arabic version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) scale. The study included 261 COVID-19 patients whose ages ranged from 18 to 65 years. Results: The survey findings revealed that 13% of COVID-19 patients had a borderline level of anxiety, 26.8% were considered anxiety cases, while 60.2% were normal. The findings also revealed that 29.9% had a borderline level of depression, 18.4% were considered depression cases, while 51.7% were normal. Conclusions: This study concluded that COVID-19 patients experience anxiety and depression, and as the COVID-19 epidemic continues to spread, the results of the study are particularly useful in developing a strategy to psychologically support COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals Occupational exposure to blood/body fluid splash and its predictors among midwives working in public health institutions at Addis Ababa city Ethiopia, 2020. Institution-based cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0251815
Author(s):  
Solomon Shitu ◽  
Getachew Adugna ◽  
Haimanot Abebe
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Health Institutions ◽  
Health Institutions

Background Blood/body fluid splash are hazards to health care professionals in their working area. Around twenty bloodborne pathogens are known to be transmitted through these occupational injuries. This problem alters the health status of health care professionals in different ways, including physically, mentally, and psychologically. Even though health professionals especially midwives who are working in delivery rooms are highly affected, little is known about the exposure. So, this study was aimed to assess the prevalence of exposure to blood/body fluid splash and its predictors among midwives working in public health institutions of Addis Ababa city. Methods Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted among 438 study participants in public health institutions in Addis Ababa. Data was collected from March 1–20, 2020 by a self-administered questionnaire. The data were entered into Epi data version 3.1 and then exported to SPSS version 24 for analysis. All variables with P<0.25 in the bivariate analysis were included in a final model and statistical significance was declared at P< 0.05. Results In this study, a total of 424 respondents respond yielding a response rate of 97%. The prevalence of blood and body fluid splashes (BBFs) was 198 (46.7%). Not training on infection prevention, working in two shifts (> 12 hours), not regularly apply universal precautions, job-related stress, an average monthly salary of 5001–8000 were independent predictors of blood and body fluid splashes. Conclusion The study revealed that nearly half of midwives were exposed to BBFS. This highlights the need for key stakeholders such as policymakers and service providers to design appropriate policies to avert this magnitude and making the environment enabling to comply with standard precautions. We recommend that this study may be done by including rural setting institutions and by including other health professionals that are susceptible to BBFS at work. Formal training on infection prevention and safety practice to apply universal precautions will be needed from the concerned bodies to prevent exposures to blood/body fluid splash.

scholarly journals Awareness About Oral Cancer Among Dental Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽  
pp. 892-895
Author(s):  
Nishanthi R ◽  
Ashok Velayudhan ◽  
Dhanraj Ganapathy
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Cancer Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Oral cancer affects people in the 6th and seventh many years of existence with a background marked by smoking tobacco and, or liquor utilization. Early acknowledgement and referral are basic as less treatment is required to decrease mortality and morbidity. Past examinations have demonstrated that oral cancer can be quiet in symptoms with attention to primal signs being increasingly advantageous in diagnosis. To assessing oral cancer knowledge and awareness among undergraduate dental studentsA cross-sectional survey was done with a self-administered questionnaire with 10 questions circulated among 100 dental students. The questionnaire assessed the awareness about oral cancer, their risk factors, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and management strategies. The responses were recorded and analysed. 96 % of dental students were aware of oral cancer.95% said smoking and tobacco-related products are the major risk factors of oral cancer.85% were aware of clinical manifestation of oral cancer.71% were aware of the diagnosis of oral cancer and 65% were aware of management strategies for oral cancer.Greater part of the responders in this investigation had satisfactory information about clinical indications of oral cancer. Efforts ought to be made to develop inspirational disposition towards avoidance of oral cancer. There is a necessity to present instructions on counteraction, early referral and demonstrative techniques for oral cancer.

scholarly journals The Prevalence and Occurrence of Candida albicans Among the Students of MAHSA University

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 89
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unstimulated Saliva ◽  
Oral Health Practices ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

The study is done to identify the prevalence and occurrence of Candida albicans among the students of MAHSA University. It is also done to perform a cross-sectional survey by means of a self-administered questionnaire to assess the oral health knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) among the study group. Furthermore, it is done to determine the association of knowledge with attitude, oral health practices, and the prevalence of Candida albicans with the study group. The spores of Candida are a commensal, harmless form of a fungus that becomes invasive and pathogenic pseudohyphae when there is a disruption in the balance of flora. The infection that is caused by the yeast Candida albicans or even other candida species is candidiasis. Questionnaire on oral health was handed out to the students at random in MAHSA University, and upon that, samples are collected by taking their unstimulated saliva and are then pipetted on Sabouraud’s dextrose agar. These agar plates are then kept in an incubator at 37 ℃ for 2 days. After 2 days, the agar plates are then checked for any growth, and if there is the growth seen, gram stain and germ tube tests are done. It was seen that out of 100 samples collected, 40% were positive for Candida albicans, and 60% were negative for Candida albicans. And out of the percentage of positive samples, 26% were males, and 14% were females Candida albicans is the species most frequently implicated in the oral cavity, and it is important to take care of the oral cavity.

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