Age-related carcass composition changes in male broiler chickens

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 919-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Perreault ◽  
S. Leeson
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Meat Yield ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Over Time

To quantify growth and development of the broiler chicken to 70 d, a flock of male birds was sampled at regular intervals, and observations were made on growth and development of various carcass components. Birds were fed conventional diets and maintained on litter-floor pens in a room with environmental control. At 21, 28, 35, 39, 43, 47, 50, 55, 60 and 70 d of age, 12 birds were selected at random for estimation of live weight, eviscerated weight, cut-up portion composition and deboned meat yield. Observations involved weights of the various carcass components and proximate analysis. Birds showed linear growth to 70 d (P < 0.01), while development shown by the eviscerated carcass was positively quadratic (P < 0.01). Proportional fat content of the eviscerated carcass increased over time (P < 0.01), while protein content decreased (P < 0.01). The leg-thigh portion yielded the greatest quantity of meat, while the bone portion increased from 130 g to 843 g over the 21- to 70-d period. Total carcass skin increased in weight from 50 g to 365 g over the same period. Both deboned breast meat and leg meat increased quadratically over time (P < 0.01). Comparison of results with that developed 10–15 yr ago indicates chronological changes in carcass development. An apparent sporadic increase in yield of breast and thigh meat, which has also been shown by other workers, warrants further investigation. Key words: Broiler, carcass composition, meat yield

Modeling growth of lambs of two breeds and their cross on different feed types

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 45-45
Author(s):  
J.M. Macfarlane ◽  
R.M. Lewis ◽  
G.C. Emmans ◽  
J.E. Donbavand ◽  
G. Simm
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Feeding Regime ◽  
Know How ◽  
Market Requirements ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Modeling Growth

In order for producers to meet market requirements for lamb carcasses from the resources available, they need to know how breeds differ in growth and development over time and how this is affected by feeding regime. A previous paper explored the effect of diverse breed and feed types on carcass composition, growth and feed intake. This paper uses different mathematical descriptions of growth to study the relationships between live weight and time and between live weight and cumulative feed intake.

scholarly journals 41 Estimating the heritability of meat quality traits in turkeys

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 18-19
Author(s):  
Ryley J Vanderhout ◽  
Michelle Yahiro ◽  
Benjamin Wood ◽  
Shai Barbut ◽  
Jeff S Mohr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Shear Force ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Drip Loss ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Meat Yield ◽  
Meat Quality Traits ◽  
White Striping ◽  
Breast Meat Yield

Abstract Genetic selection for improved meat quality traits has been successfully implemented in many livestock species. The objective of this study was to estimate the heritability of several meat quality traits to assess their selection potential in turkeys. Pedigree toms (n = 1,033) were processed at a commercial facility and live weight, breast meat yield (as a percentage of live weight), ultimate pH, color (CIELAB values), drip loss, cooking loss, and shear force were recorded on M. pectoralis superficialis (fillet). White striping was also rated on a 1–4 scale. Heritabilities were estimated using univariate animal models in ASReml version 4.1. Hatch week and age at slaughter were included as fixed effects in the mode,l and 32 generations of pedigree records were used. Breast meat yield (h2 = 0.62; SE = 0.090) showed the highest heritability and was higher compared to previous estimates, probably due to the smaller sample size. Live weight (h2 = 0.31; SE = 0.078), ultimate pH (h2 = 0.36; SE = 0.087), lightness (h2 = 0.28; SE = 0.086), redness (h2 = 0.22; SE = 0.075), and white striping score (h2 = 0.27; SE = 0.085) all had moderate heritabilities. The estimate for ultimate pH was similar to previous studies in broilers but was high compared to previous studies in turkeys. Estimates for color were similar to those found in previous studies involving turkeys. Drip loss and cooking loss had similar heritability estimates of 0.13 (SE = 0.071) and 0.10 (SE = 0.064), respectively, which were akin to previous estimates in pork. Shear force (h2 = 0.02; SE = 0.056) was found to have a very low heritability. In conclusion, the heritability estimates provided in this study show great potential for the inclusion of meat quality traits in selection programs of turkeys. This study is part of a larger project working towards the implementation of genomic information in the selection of turkeys for improved meat quality.

scholarly journals Growth Performance Meat Yield and Profitability of Broiler Chickens Fed Diets Incorporating Cassava Tuber Meal

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
F Sultana ◽  
MA Ali ◽  
I Jahan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Trial Period ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Meat Yield

A total of sixty, 14-day old broiler chickens (Cobb-500) of either sex were used in this study to assess the effects of processed cassava tuber meals (0, 15, 30, and 45 gkg-1) on growth responses, meat yield, and profitability of boilers; rearing from day 14 to day 33 of ages. The experimental diets were iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous in nature, and were supplied the broilers ad libitum throughout the trial period. Broilers fed on control diet (i.e. exclusion of CTM) achieved higher (P<0.01) body weight, while the broilers offered diets with the highest amount (45 gkg-1) of CTM had the lowest body weight. Increased (P<0.01) feed intake was observed in the treatments of 21 d and 28 days of age when broilers fed diets with the supplementation of CTM, but no significant differences was found among the dietary treatments in the feed consumption of the broilers during 33 day of age. FCR differed significantly (P<.01) throughout the trial period, broilers fed diets without supplementation of CTM had the superior FCR than the others. Mortality was unaffected by all the dietary treatment groups. Moreover, different body parts (feather, head, neck, wing, viscera) and meat yields (thigh, drumstick, breast, back, giblet, dressing) were not influenced by treatments. Live weights were unaffected by all the dietary groups with/without incorporation of cassava tuber meals (CTM) up to day 21 and day 28 of  ages. Statistically significant (P<0.01) decreased live weight was observed among the treatments in 33-day old birds DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i1.11552 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(1): 47- 53, 2012  

Changes in carcass composition with growth and the effect of feed type in lambs of two breeds and their cross

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 44-44
Author(s):  
J.M. Macfarlane ◽  
R.M. Lewis ◽  
G.C. Emmans ◽  
J.E. Donbavand ◽  
G. Simm
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Feeding Regime ◽  
Know How ◽  
Market Requirements ◽  
Over Time

To enable producers to meet market requirements for lamb carcasses from the resources available, it is important to know how breeds differ in growth and development over time and how this is affected by feeding regime. The aims of this study were to explore the effect of diverse breed and feed types on carcass composition, growth and feed intake and investigate how these change during growth.

Studies of growth and development in the young pig Part I. The carcass composition at 56 days of age of pigs reared along different growth curves

1963 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. H. Elsley
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
The Difference

1. A comparison was made of the carcass composition at 56 days of age of early-weaned pigs grown along predetermined growth curves to 30, 40 and 50 lb. live weight and of suckled pigs grown to 50 lb. live weight at 56 days of age.Eight blocks of four pigs were slaughtered when 56 days old and comprehensive carcass dissections undertaken.2. There were no differences in the proportionate weight of the joints or of individual bones between the suckled and early-weaned pigs weighing 50 lb. at 56 days of age.The difference in the proportionate weights of the joints between the three groups of early-weaned pigs reflected the change in development which took place with increasing live weight. There was, however, no clear gradient of development along the bones of the limbs with increasing weight at 56 days of age.3. The dissected joints (hams, shoulders, neck, pelvis and loin) from the early-weaned pigs which weighed 50 lb. live weight contained 0·5% less bone, 1·5% less muscle and 1·7% more fat than the carcasses of suckled pigs reared to 50 lb. at 56 days of age.The dissected joints of the early-weaned pigs reared to 30 lb. at 56 days of age contained 1·4% more bone, 2·7% more muscle and 5·3% less fat than the joints of the early-weaned pigs reared to 40 lb. and 2·6% more bone, 5·2% more muscle and 8·8% less fat than the joints of early-weaned pigs reared to 50 lb.

scholarly journals Bioavailability of liquid methionine hydroxy analogue-free acid relative to DL-methionine in broilers

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 1513-1520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Zelenka ◽  
Jaroslav Heger ◽  
Vlastislav Machander ◽  
Markus Wiltafsky ◽  
Martin Lešták
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Free Acid ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Relative Bioavailability ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Meat Yield ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Breast Meat Yield

An experiment with broiler chickens was conducted to compare the relative bioavailability of liquid methionine hydroxy analogue free acid (MHA-FA) with that of DL-methionine (DLM) during fattening to 35 days of age. Ross 308 male chicks were allotted to 9 treatments, each consisting of six replicates of 140 birds/pen. Four graded levels (0.04, 0.08, 0.16, and 0.28 %) of MHA-FA or DLM products (weight/weight comparison) were added to a maize-wheat-soyabean meal basal diet deficient in sulphur amino acids. The criteria of response were body weight, feed conversion ratio, carcass yield and breast meat yield. Significant responses to graded levels of both methionine sources were observed in all response criteria. Using a multi-exponential model describing the dose-response relationships, the bioavailability estimates of MHA-FA relative to DLM on a weight-to-weight basis were 68, 70, 54 and 59 % for body weight, feed conversion, carcass yield and breast meat yield, respectively. If MHA-FA was compared with DLM on equimolar basis its bioavailability was 77.7, 79.0, 59.3 and 64.6 for body weight, feed conversion, carcass yield and breast meat yield, respectively. The bioavailability of MHA-FA for carcass yield and breast meat yield was significantly (P < 0.05) lower than that of DLM on a weight-to-weight and on equimolar basis.

scholarly journals Effect of multienzymes + probiotic supplementation in fermented shea butter cake based diets on the carcass traits and the biochemistry of broiler chickens

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-233
Author(s):  
P.C. Aguihe ◽  
A.S. Kehinde ◽  
S.K. Halidu ◽  
A. Sulyman ◽  
J. Chikezie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Shea Butter ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Randomized Design

Abstract. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of multienzyme+probiotic (MEP) supplementation on carcass characteristics and serum biochemistry of broiler chickens fed fermented shea butter cake meal (FSBCM) based diets. A total of two hundred and sixty (260), 28-day-old broiler chicks were distributed into four treatments, with five replicates of 13 birds each using a completely randomized design and reared on deep litter system from 28 to 56 days of age. The four treatments were: positive control – T1 (corn-soybean based diet); negative control – T2 (20% FSBCM replacement for corn in T1); diet 3 – T3 (T2 diet + 0.05% MEP) and diet 4 – T4 (T2 diet + 0.10% MEP). On day 56, two birds per each pen were selected for carcass and organ evaluation and other two birds per replicate were selected for serum biochemical analysis. The results indicated that addition of MEP to FSBCM diet caused a significant (p<0.05) increase in live weight, dressing percentage and breast meat yield than FSBCM diet without MEP and did not differ from the T1 diet. The abdominal fat in birds fed MEP treated diets were significantly (p<0.05) lower than those groups fed PC and FSBCM diets. Serum glucose was similar (p>0.05) between birds fed PC and MEP treated diets but significantly (p<0.05) higher than those on FSBCM diet, whereas serum cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase concentrations reduced significantly (p<0.05) in groups fed MEP supplemented FSBCM diets. All other parameters were not significantly (p>0.05) affected by the MEP supplementation. Therefore, MEP supplementation in FSBCM based diet improved live weights and carcass attributes without any detrimental effect on blood composition of the broiler chickens.

scholarly journals Meat yield characteristics of different upgraded dwarf chicken under intensive management condition

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
AJM Ferdaus ◽  
BM Hassin ◽  
MSA Bhuiyan ◽  
AKFH Bhuiyan ◽  
MS Ali
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Gene Introgression ◽  
Poultry Farm ◽  
Intensive Management ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Meat Yield ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Management Condition ◽  
Total Meat ◽  
Dwarf Chicken

The study was conducted with attempts to determine the effects of autosomal dwarf (adw) gene introgression from Indigenous dwarf chicken (IDC) to White Leghorn (WLH) and Fayoumi (Fay) on growth and meat yield characteristics. Experiment was carried out at the Poultry Farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh for a period of 28 months from March 2013 to June 2015 under intensive management condition. In this study, the di-allele crossing between WLH, Fay and IDC produced 4 up-graded chickens viz. IDC♂ × WLH♀, WLH♂ × IDC♀, IDC♂ × Fay♀ and Fay♂ × IDC♀. The up-graded F1 generations were mated intersex to access their productivity. The up-graded F1 generations were mated intersex to access their productivity. Pre-slaughter live weight of birds significantly (P<0.001) varied by genotype, sex and genotype × sex interaction. Percentage of thigh meat, drumstick meat, dark and total meat weights was significantly influenced by genotype. Although meat yield parameters of male birds in relation to live weight were found higher than their female birds, some parameters like breast meat, liver, giblet and total meat yield were found higher in female birds than that of male birds of all genotypes. However, meat yield parameters like percentage of thigh, drumstick and total meat yield were the highest in IDC♂ × Fay♀ and Fay♂ × IDC♀ and the lowest in IDC♂ × WLH♀. From the above findings, Fayoumi mediated dwarf genotypes showed better meat yield characteristics than Leghorn mediated dwarf genotypes.

The effect of altering the dietary arginine to lysine ratio on the breast meat yield of broiler chickens at moderate and high temperatures

1997 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 709 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Gorman ◽  
D. Balnave ◽  
J. Brake
Keyword(s):  
High Temperatures ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Meat Yield ◽  
Breast Meat Yield ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

In 4 experiments broilers were housed at moderate or high temperatures and fed diets containing arginine : lysine (arg : lys) ratios ranging from 1·01 to 1·45 from 3 weeks of age until reaching a processing weight of 2·2 kg. The effects of temperature and arg : lys ratio on breast meat yield were determined. In the first 3 experiments, increasing the arg : lys ratio increased breast meat yield at moderate temperatures and reduced breast meat yield at high temperatures. Hypothesised response curves are presented to explain the different responses in breast meat yield to arg : lys ratio at moderate and high temperatures. Expt 4 was designed to test the validity of the hypothesised response curves. The pattern of the responses obtained from this experiment supports the hypothesis.

RESPONSE OF MALE AND FEMALE BROILERS TO DIET PROTEIN

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 881-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. LEESON ◽  
L. J. CASTON ◽  
J. D. SUMMERS
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Meat Yield ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Breast Meat Yield ◽  
Protein Diets

Two experiments were conducted to note the broilers' response to graded levels of dietary protein (CP). Female birds were fed one of six diet series ranging from 22–20–18 to 18–18–16% CP from 0–21 days, 21–35 days and 35–42 days, respectively. Males were fed diet series from 28–24–22 to 20–18–16 over the same time periods (Table 1). Each diet program was tested with four replicate groups of 60 birds. Body weight and feed intake were monitored at time of feed change-over and at termination of experiment. Twenty birds per replicate were used for carcass analyses. Females were heavier when diets of higher protein content were offered (P < 0.05). These birds consumed more feed (P < 0.05) but exhibited feed efficiency that was not different to birds fed diets of lower protein content. Carcass weight and breast meat yield were not influenced by diet, although higher-protein diet series resulted in reduced proportional abdominal fat pad size (P < 0.01). Diet protein had no effect on body weight of male birds at 42 d (P > 0.05). Male birds reared on a program involving die lowest CP levels of 20–18–16 exhibited inferior feed utilization relative to birds from most other treatments (P < 0.05). Programs with low-protein diets for males resulted in reduced carcass weight, reduced breast meat yield and increased abdominal fat deposition (P < 0.05). It is concluded that male birds can be reared on very low protein diets without loss of weight, although carcass quality will be inferior. Female broilers are heavier when diet protein intake is increased through use of diets with higher protein content. Key words: Broiler, diet protein, performance, carcass composition

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