scholarly journals قصيدة المديح الإحيائية: البيعة والخلافة

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 157-179
Author(s):  
Abdulmueen Hassan Balfas Abdulmueen Hassan Balfas

The study examines H?fidh Ibr?h?m's panegyric mad?h poem to the Neo-Classical pioneer poet, Ma?m?d S?m? al-B?r?d?, whose poetry is the cornerstone of the Neo-Classical School in the Modern Arabic literature. The main objective of this study is to understand the status of al-B?r?d? as the precursor of the Arab poetic revival of the modern age and of H?fidh as his successor. The poem acts as a poetic allegiance to al-B?r?d? on one hand, and a supplication for succession on the other. To support the descriptive approach which employs the critical analysis of the poetic texts, the study focuses on significant concepts such as H?fidh Ibr?h?m's panegyric mad?h poem as a poetic contrafaction (Mu'?radha) of al-Mutanabbi's d?liyyah, H?fidh's poetic voice (lyric I), the reconstruction of the traditional qas?dah with its themes and sections, and virtue as an essential factor for leadership in modern Arab community.

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-86
Author(s):  
Salahuddin Mohd. Shamsuddin ◽  
Siti Sara Binti Hj. Ahmad

Art of the article is one of the expressive arts. It has its own origins, features, and importance. Art of the article can be defined as one of the prose genera that appeared in the modern Arabic literature after its connection to European literature in the eighteenth century, when the art of the article appeared as a separate literary genre, in which the writers deal with the issues related to the aspects of their individual, social, political, religious, literary and scientific lives and environments, with the criticism and analysis. Development of the press helped to develop this literary genus. Some writers became popular and famous through this art, but many of them misused it and failed to build a bridge between them and their readers through this artistic circumstance, which has a limited size, in which the writer can put a specific topic not exceeded from a few pages, where the writer finds a complete freedom in choosing the topic, so that the article contains various topics, but the writer must avoid lengthening in explaining the dimensions of the subject of his article, as the author often deals with what is limited to a specific idea around which the whole article revolves, and tries to reveal and clarify all dimensions that relate to it briefly. We try to shed light on the art of article, its types and forms in terms of its technical characteristics, using the descriptive approach that is more suitable for such topics of the expressive arts.


Author(s):  
Zoran Galic Hajnal

A program for Artificial Intelligence (AI) is knowledge as intelligent agent, which typically interacts with the ecosystem. This agent is capable of identifying the status of the ecosystem using the sensors before affecting the state via the actuators. We call the smart systems "agents” whenever they are able to make some decisions on their own with respect on particular goals. On the other hand, Machine Learning (ML) signifies a specific strategy meant to design smart systems whereby these systems can adapt to specific behaviors with respect to data. In the modern age, humans are rapidly collaborating with ML and AI systems. The AI that is human-based is a perspective of ML and AI, which algorithms have to be established with the awareness that they are a major segment of the massive system incorporating human. In this paper, we have presented a research that means that AI systems understand humans with respect to their socio-cultural aspects and that AI system assist humans comprehend them. We also present an argument of the challenges of social responsibility e.g. transparency, interpretability, accountability and fairness.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yahya Saleh Hassan Dahami

Many central playwrights significantly contributed to the progress and advancement of Arabic drama. They were apt to achieve dramatic illustrations in several Arabic countries all the way through ages and places. Still, this study attempts to shed light on an innovator poet-dramatist who represents many cultures and experiences. It aims at displaying the most significant features of renovation associated with the development of the modern Arabic poetic drama that employs history and social problems to present a vision for Arabic literature in the contemporary age. The researcher adopts the critical-descriptive approach in analyzing the poet-dramatist, Ali Ahmad Ba-Kathir, and two of his poetic dramas. It is mapped with an introductory overview dealing with a concise notion of drama, concentrating predominantly on poetic drama. The foremost part copes with the developer and pioneer Ali Ahmad Ba-Kathir, focusing on his thoughts and experiences in the field. The paper, then, moves ahead to deal with two verse plays as a model of his craftsmanship and mastery. After that, the study finishes with a brief argument and/or recommendations and an end.


Author(s):  
Yahya Saleh Hasan Dahami

Many central playwrights significantly contributed to the progress and advancement of Arabic drama. They were apt to achieve dramatic illustrations in several Arabic countries all the way through ages and places. Still, this study attempts to shed light on an innovator poet-dramatist who represents many cultures and experiences. It aims at displaying the most significant features of renovation associated with the development of the modern Arabic poetic drama that employs history and social problems to present a vision for Arabic literature in the contemporary age. The researcher adopts the critical-descriptive approach in analyzing the poet-dramatist, Ali Ahmad Ba-Kathir, and two of his poetic dramas. It is mapped with an introductory overview dealing with a concise notion of drama, concentrating predominantly on poetic drama. The foremost part copes with the developer and pioneer Ali Ahmad Ba-Kathir, focusing on his thoughts and experiences in the field. The paper, then, moves ahead to deal with two verse plays as a model of his craftsmanship and mastery. After that, the study finishes with a brief argument and/or recommendations and an end.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 130-143
Author(s):  
YAHYA SALEH HASAN DAHAMI

Arabic poetry is the heart of all types of literature in all Arabic realms. Consistent with this generalization, it can be right that the development of poetry in the modern age, among Arabs, is a positive measure. At that argument, the same would be focused on modern Saudi literature since it is typically considered a central, authoritative, and undivided part of Arabic poetry. In this paper, the researcher has attempted to illustrate some literary aspects of modern Arabic poetry in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia as an instance of the greatness of Arabic poetry with a particular reference to a contemporary Saudi poet. The study starts with an introduction to the condition of poetry in Arabia. In the first section of the study, the researcher points up the importance of Arabic poetry as an Arabic literature genre. The second section deals with poetry and literary movement in Saudi Arabia as the central section of the investigation. After that, the task moves ahead to deal with a model of the modern Arabic poetry in the kingdom, Mohammad Hasan Awwad, a modernized rebellious poet with stark poetry, then the researcher, analytically and critically, sheds light on some selected verses of one of the poems of Awwad, Night and Me. The study finishes with a discussion and a brief conclusion. Keywords: Arabic literature, Arabic poetry, free verse, greatness, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, modernism.


2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Mohsen Kadivar

This Preface contains six sections. The author analyses the works of the most distinguished thinkers of Islam and human rights: Mahmoud Mohamed Taha, Abdullahi Ahmed An-Na‘im, Ann Elizabeth Mayer, Mohammad Mojtahed Shabestari and Abdulaziz Sachedina respectively in the first five sections. Each section has two parts: the first is a brief description of the thinker’s opinion on human rights, and the second is a brief critical analysis, reviewing the advantages and disadvantages of that opinion. Taha represents the Arabic literature on Islam and human rights in this review, Shabestari the Persian, and the other three the English-language literature. Mayer is the author of the most popular book on Islam and human rights from a non-Muslim and Western perspective. The other four could be considered to be the most outstanding Muslim reformist thinkers regarding Islam and human rights. The last section is the longest and contains four parts. The first outlines the author’s opinion on Islam and human rights, and the second compares his approach to the other five approaches. The third presents a comparative chronology of the six approaches, and the fourth and last part discusses the present book and the advantages of its English translation.


Author(s):  
Michael Allan

This book raises a number of questions concerning the assumed universalism of world literature by analyzing the interwoven strands of modernization, literature, and secularism. It examines the putative opposition between a practice of reading based on memorization, embodiment, and recitation in Qur'anic schools and another practice based on reflection, critique, and judgment, increasingly integral to what gets defined as literacy in the modern Egyptian state. By taking colonial Egypt as a paradigmatic site from which to consider literary publics, textual cultures, and the history of reading, the book reveals two convergent and enmeshed narratives: on the one hand, the formation of a modern literary paradigm linked to education reform, the rise of a reading public and modern Arabic literature, and on the other hand, the story of what gets blotted out, religious institutions and practices that come to be understood as traditional.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (138) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Abbas Krimich Khudhur

This study reveals a clear and profound influence of Baudelaire's poetics, philosophy and thought on the literary production of the Lebanese poet and the avant-garde of modern Arabic poetry Ilyās Abu Šabaka (1903 - 1947). Abu Šabaka's poetic texts evoke part of what the read of Baudelaire's poetry, but he did not resort to the method of dialogue in his relations with the texts. It is due to the fact that the two poets have the same perception towards the universe and the life, based on two opposites: the hatred of the life on the one hand and the inclination and the passion for it until the ecstasy on the other hand. The study therefore deals with the question of influence and effect among poets, intellectual dualism, the presence of the absent text and cultural beauty.


2020 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Тетяна [Tetiana] Анатоліївна [Anatoliïvna] Космеда [Kosmeda] ◽  
Олена [Olena] Олегівна [Olehivna] Ковалевська [Kovalevsʹka]

A New Bilingual Phraseological Dictionary: A Polemical ReflectionThis article presents a critical analysis of the bilingual publication entitled A Lexicon of Polish and Ukrainian Active Phraseology (Leksykon aktywnej frazeologii polskiej i ukraińskiej / Leksykon pol′s′koï ta ukraïns′koï aktyvnoï frazeolohiï), compiled by Roman Tymoshuk, Wojciech Sosnowski, Maciej Jaskot and Yurii Ganoshenko. In the history of Ukrainian-Polish and Polish-Ukrainian phraseography of the twenty-first century, this is the second attempt at creating a bilingual phraseological dictionary, following the publication of A Concise Ukrainian-Polish Dictionary of Set Expressions: Lexical Equivalents, Phraseologisms, Proverbs and Sayings (Korotkyĭ ukraïns′ko-pol′s′kyĭ slovnyk ustalenykh vyraziv: Ekvivalenty slova, frazeolohizmy, prysliv′ia ta prykazky, Poznań and Kharkiv, 2017), compiled by Tetiana Kosmeda, Olena Homeniuk and Tetiana Osipova.The distinctive feature of the reviewed dictionary is that it contains phraseologisms which are most widely used in everyday speech. The compilers developed an original conception: (1) Polish-Ukrainian and Ukrainian-Polish parts differ in content, as they were compiled independently, yet most popular phraseologisms are included in both parts; (2) the most representative set expressions in active use in both languages were selected on the basis of questionnaires and mass media material; (3) entries include illustrative material; (4) it has an optimal size – about 1,000 phraseological units.On the other hand, the dictionary also has some drawbacks, such as: (1) it lacks key criteria for determining the status of the notion “active” phraseology; (2) it does not include slang phraseologisms which do not belong to literary language; (3) the meanings of phraseological units are described by means of simple syntactic structures which lack consistent criteria of clarity and comprehensibility of interpretation, and the dictionary does not cover all semantic potential and pragmatic information of the listed units; (4) excessively categorical interpretation of the notion zero equivalence; (5) not all entries contain stylistic labels, and those used are only of three types: slang, colloquial, vulgar; the label przyslowie/приказка (proverb) seems incorrect, as the compilers do not provide criteria of its separate status; (6) metalanguage of the dictionary is marked with some violations of orthographic and stylistic norms. Nevertheless, the dictionary has undoubtedly enriched the theory of phraseography, phraseographic practice and found its users. Polemiczna refleksja na temat nowego dwujęzycznego słownika frazeologicznegoNiniejszy artykuł przedstawia analizę krytyczną dwujęzycznego Leksykonu aktywnej frazeologii polskiej i ukraińskiej (Лексикон польської та української активної фразеології), autorstwa Romana Tymoshuka, Wojciecha Sosnowskiego, Macieja Jaskota i Yuriia Ganoshenki. Jest to drugi dwujęzyczny słownik frazeologiczny w historii ukraińsko-polskiej i polsko-ukraińskiej frazeografii XXI wieku, po Małym ukraińsko-polskim słowniku utrwalonych wyrażeń językowych: Ekwiwalenty, frazeologizmy, powiedzenia i przysłowia (Короткий українсько-польський словник усталених виразів: еквіваленти слова, фразеологізми, прислів’я та приказки, Poznań–Charków 2017) Tetiany Kosmedy, Oleny Homeniuk i Tetiany Osipovej.Cechą wyróżniającą recenzowany słownik jest jego zawartość – frazeologizmy powszechnie używane ca co dzień. Autorzy zastosowali oryginalną koncepcję, w myśl której: (1) pomimo że część polsko-ukraińska i ukraińsko-polska mają różną zawartość, powstawały bowiem niezależnie, każda z nich zawiera najbardziej popularne frazeologizmy; (2) najbardziej reprezentatywne wyrażenia wybrano na podstawie badań kwestionariuszowych i materiałów ze środków masowego przekazu; (3) hasła zawierają przykłady ilustrujące ich użycie; (4) słownik ma optymalną wielkość: zawiera około tysiąca jednostek frazeologicznych.Z drugiej zaś strony, słownik ma również pewne niedociągnięcia, wśród których należy wymienić: (1) brak określenia kluczowych elementów pojęcia „aktywna” frazeologia; (2) nieuwzględnienie wyrażeń slangowych nienależących do języka literackiego; (3) opis znaczeń frazeologizmów za pomocą prostych struktur syntaktycznych, którym brak spójnych kryteriów jasności i zrozumiałości interpretacyjnej, co sprawia, że słownik nie w pełni uwzględnia potencjał semantyczny i informację pragmatyczną przedstawianych wyrażeń; (4) zbyt kategoryczna interpretacja pojęcia brak ekwiwalencji; (5) nie wszystkie hasła są opatrzone kwalifikatorami stylistycznymi, a lista tych ostatnich ogranicza się jedynie do trzech: slang, potoczne, wulgarne; kwalifikator przysłowie/приказка wydaje się niepoprawny, jako że autorzy nie podają kryteriów, na podstawie których go wyodrębniono; (6) metajęzyk słownika cechuje się pewnymi naruszeniami norm ortograficznych i stylistycznych. Niemniej jednak słownik z pewnością wzbogacił teorię frazeografii i praktykę frazeograficzną, oraz spotkał się z zainteresowaniem ze strony użytkowników.


2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 169-185
Author(s):  
Salahuddin Mohd. Shamsuddin ◽  
Siti Sara bint Hj. Ahmad

No doubt that modern Arab literature has been influenced by Western literature more than it was influenced by ancient Arabic literature, whether by the missionaries, occupiers, merchants, and investors who arrived at Arab countries or by the scientific missions sent by Arab countries to European capitals or by Arab immigrants to the West. This influence was either through the translation, or through reading in the original languages ​​of Western literature, and this second method was more influential in modern Arabic literature, because translation loses many of the characteristics of artistic literatures that have a close connection with the language.. We mentioned in this research the link between East and West, and between Arab literature and European literature, and the features of impact between them through the process of transferring the literary heritage from East to West through several crossings, and its study to extract the literary and cultural treasures through the efforts of missionaries from Orientalists that were the first nucleus of modern Western civilization. We also dealt with the features of renewal in Arabic literature, Arabic poetry and its schools in the modern era. We focused on the Divan school, the Apollo school and Diaspora School, especially the nature of poetry and truth of free modern realist poetry. We also mentioned the high demand for translated eastern literature in European countries, and its inclusion by the writers, poets and writers in their literary writings. We used the descriptive approach that is always suitable for such literary and critical topics.


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