Hygiene practices in abattoir and slaughter slab, determinants and assessment of abattoir and slaughter slab facilities in Abakaliki, Ebonyi State South-East Nigeria

Background: Workers in slaughterhouses engaging in unhygienic practices create conducive environments for zoonoses and meat contamination. Knowledge of hygiene practices and their determinants provides evidence for the design of targetedinterventions.Objectives: We investigated knowledge and determinants of hygiene practices among workers in slaughterhouses and assessed slaughterhouse facilities in Abakaliki.Methods: Workers in the Central Meat Market abattoir and Slaughter slab Abakaliki were interviewed in a cross-sectional quantitative study to ascertain their knowledge and hygiene practices while abattoir facilities were assessed using a checklist. Associations were analysed with Chi-square while predictors were determined using binary logistic model.Results: We interviewed 188 workers 75.5% and 85.6% of whom had good knowledge and good hygiene practices respectively. However, hand-washing before and after handling meat (44.1%), cleaning work surfaces with soap and water (45.2%) and sanitary disposal of waste (6.9%) were suboptimal. Knowledge of good hygiene practice was a predictor of good hygiene practice (AOR: 4.6, 95% CI: 2.0-11.3, p=0.001). Well water and borehole were present in both slaughterhouses and cold rooms were available in Central Meat market abattoir.Conclusions: The level of good knowledge was high and this was a determinant of good hygienic practices. Training on hygiene practices is recommended to prevent meat contamination and zoonoses. Keywords: Knowledge; Hygiene Practices; Abattoir; Slaughter slab; Determinants; Ebonyi; Nigeria.

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Relationship Between Hand-washing Habit and Toilet Use with Diarrhea Incidence in Children Under Five Years

Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi ◽

10.20473/jbe.v5i12017.95-106 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 95

Author(s):

Nikmatur Rohmah ◽

Fariani Syahrul

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hand Washing ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Children Under Five ◽

Under Five ◽

Before And After

Diarrhea is still a public health problem in the world and the mostly occur in children under five years. At the moment the number of diarrhea-caused mortality was 3.8 per 1000 per year by 3.2 episodes per year in children under five years. This research aims to analyze the association between hand-washing habits and toilet use with the incidence of diarrhea in children under five years. This is an observational analytic with cross sectional study. Population of the research was a children's mother took her children to the public health center of Sekardangan Sidoarjo Subdistrict. The number of samples taken as many as 58 mother of children under five years. Data collection was done with interviews to parents of children and the observations of the toilets. Technique of data analysis using chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. On the results of the research there is a significant association the habit of hand washing (p = 0.006) and toilet use(p = 0.014) with the incidenceof diarrhea in children under five years. Conclusions of the research is the habit of hand washing and toilet use had a significant association with the incidenceof diarrhea in children under five years. Advice that can be given to the mother of a children under five years is to wash the hands before and after defecating and before preparing food for children. Keywords: diarrhea, hand washing, toilet use, observational, children under five years

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Self-Assessment of Hygiene Practices towards Predictive and Preventive Medicine Intervention: A Case Study of University Students in Ghana

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2019/3868537 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Stephen T. Odonkor ◽

Jones Kitcher ◽

Mavis Okyere ◽

Tahiru Mahami

Keyword(s):

Young People ◽

University Students ◽

Preventive Medicine ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Personal Hygiene ◽

Hygiene Practice ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hygiene Practices ◽

Prediction And Prevention ◽

Good Hygiene

Introduction. Personal hygiene is essential to the current paradigm shift towards predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine, which enables the prediction and prevention of infectious disease outbreaks. Objective. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the personal hygiene practices among university students aiming at providing a basis for preventive and predictive medical interventions and to make future efforts improve target interventions for young people. Methods. The study was conducted using a cross-sectional study. Validated instruments that related personal hygiene practices were used to obtain quantitative data from 412 tertiary students from seven universities in Accra, Ghana. The resulting data were analyzed with IBM-SPSS, version 23. Results. There were more female respondents (54.4%) in the study than male respondents (45.6%). Respondents between the age group of 19-24 years constituted majority (59.7%) of the respondents in the study. Respondents from urban areas exhibited good hygiene practice compared to those from urban residences. There was a significant association between residence and hygiene practice (χ2=17.8, P≤0.001). We also observed that those respondents within the upper class in society had a poor hygiene practice, compared to the Lower Class and Middle Class respondents. Lack of education (63.1%) was observed as the main barrier to personal hygiene among the respondents. Future of the society depends on the health of its youth. Conclusion. A significant number of students are not actively practicing good hygiene. There is a need for deployment of preventive medicine interventions targeted at young people. It calls for improvement in methods of hygiene education for young people in tertiary institutions and the inclusion of hygiene in school curricula.

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HUBUNGAN PRAKTIK PERSONAL HYGIENE PEDAGANG DENGAN KEBERADAAN BAKTERI ESCHERICHIA COLI DALAM JAJANAN KUE LAPIS DI PASAR KEMBANG KOTA SURABAYA

Media Gizi Indonesia ◽

10.20473/mgi.v12i1.7-13 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 7

Author(s):

Ardini Debilauralita Nuraya ◽

Triska Susila Nindya

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Personal Hygiene ◽

Hygiene Practice ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hygiene Practices ◽

Layer Cake ◽

Escherichia Coli Bacteria ◽

The Relationship

Pathogenic effect of Escherichia coli bacteria could be detrimental to health. The presence of the bacteria makes food unsafe to consumed. Personal hygiene practice of sellers can infl uence the presence of Escherichia coli on food. This cross-sectional study was aimed to analyze the relationship between personal hygiene practice of sellers with the presence of Escherichia coli bacteria on a traditional layer cake. The study involved 29 traditional layer cake sellers inPasar Kembang Surabaya. The data collection was done by using observation sheet and laboratory tests on samples of traditional layer cakes. Data was analyzed using chi-square statistical test. The results of this study showed the majority of sellers washed their hands before handling food (96.6%), fingernails were clean and short (86.2%) and didn’t smoke when handling food (82.8%). All sellers used clean clothes (100%), but talked when handling food (100%), did not wear an apron and tools when handling food (100%). Escherichia coli was found in 44.8% samples. This study showed there was no relationship between personal hygiene practices of sellers with the presence of Escherichia coli bacteria in traditional layer cakes (p > 0.05) in Pasar Kembang.

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Relationship Between Hand-washing Habit and Toilet Use with Diarrhea Incidence in Children Under Five Years

Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi ◽

10.20473/jbe.v5i1.2017.95-106 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 95

Author(s):

Nikmatur Rohmah ◽

Fariani Syahrul

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hand Washing ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Children Under Five ◽

Under Five ◽

Before And After

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IDENTIFIKASI SERTA HUBUNGAN KONSTRUKSI SUMUR GALI TERHADAP KANDUNGAN COLIFORM PADA AIR SUMUR GALI DI DUSUN JIKEN KABUPATEN LOMBOK TIMUR

Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi ◽

10.33394/bjib.v7i2.2371 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 115

Author(s):

Dini Yuliansari

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Coliform Bacteria ◽

Well Water ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Content Variable ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Dug Wells ◽

Dug Well ◽

The Relationship

The well is one of the source water used for bathing, washing, and drinking by the citizens in Jiken Hamlet, Rarang Village, Terara Sub-District. Poor dug well construction conditions can affect the amount of coliform bacteria contained in the dug well water. The purpose of this study is to identify the construction of dug wells and the content of coliform bacteria in dug well water and determine the relationship between dug well construction and the content of coliform bacteria. This research is analytic with a cross sectional study design. The results were obtained from 11 samples of dug wells which were observed in construction and the coliform content was known that all samples did not requirements as good dug well construction. Coliform content test results showed that as many as 5 dug well water samples did not pass the clean water quality standards. The results of data analysis with the chi-square test variable construction of dug wells with coliform content variable showed 0,172 > 0,05, then the concluded is the dug well not suitable to use by people in that area as a source of water for daily needs.

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The Project Appropriate Birth and Reduction of Cesarean Section Rates: an analysis using the Robson classification system

10.22541/au.161351537.75467660/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Daniela Ferreira D’Agostini Marin ◽

Amanda Wernke ◽

Daniela Dannehl ◽

Dyulie Araujo ◽

Gustavo Koch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Classification System ◽

Phase 1 ◽

Maternity Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

Robson Classification ◽

Before And After

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate C-section rates, before and after the implementation of the Project Appropriate Birth based on the Robson 10-group classification system. DESIGN: An observational, cross-sectional study. SETTING: Maternity hospital in South Brazil. POPULATION: All pregnant women attending, April 2016 through April 2017 (phase 1, pre-implementation of the Project Appropriate Birth) and June 2017 through June 2018 (phase 2, post-implementation of the Project Appropriate Birth). METHODS: Maternal and obstetric characteristics were evaluated, including Robson’s classification, based on the characteristics of pregnancy and childbirth. Chi-square test and crude and adjusted prevalence ratios were used to analyze study variables. The significance level was set at 5%. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: C-section rate for each group, their contribution to the overall c-section rate and the differences in these contributions before and after PPA implementation. RESULTS: C-section rates decreased from 62.4% to 55.6%, which represented a 10.9% reduction after the implementation of the Project Appropriate Birth. Pregnant women in Robson classification groups 1 through 4 had the greatest decrease in C-section rates, ranging from 49.1% to 38.6%, which represents a 21.5% reduction. The greatest contributors to the overall C-section rates were group 5 and group 2, accounting for more than 60% of the C-section deliveries. CONCLUSION: The Project Appropriate Birth had an important impact on the reduction of C-section rates, especially in Robson classification groups 1 through 4, which indicates that providing mothers with evidence-based interventions for labor and childbirth assistance will contribute to reduce C-section rates.

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Personal and domiciliary hygiene practices and its association with incidence of infectious diseases among children aged 6-59 months

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20213519 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 4204

Author(s):

Md Hasanuzzaman ◽

Md Hafizur Rahman ◽

Md Shafiqul Islam Khan ◽

Musammet Rasheda Begum ◽

Farjana Alam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Infectious Diseases ◽

Low Income ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hand Washing ◽

Low Income Countries ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Child Feeding ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hygiene Practices ◽

Prepared Food

Background: Over 200 million under-five-children born in low-income countries are at risk of not reaching their development potential and infectious diseases are the leading cause of development deficits in these regions.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate personal and household hygiene practices among 154 mothers and their association with the incidence of infectious diseases among 167 children aged 6 months to 59 months in Patuakhali district, Bangladesh.Results: Only 13.6% of the mothers had proper hand washing knowledge. Besides, 14% and 53.9% of the mothers washed their hands with soap and only with water respectively before feeding their child. About 68.2% of mothers prepared food on the ground and half (49.5%) of the toilet did not have a hand washing location beside it. The risk of childhood infectious disease was significantly associated with hand washing of mothers before feeding a child (OR: 2.3, 95% CI: 1.5-4.1, p<0.05) and hand washing of child before eating (OR: 3.4, 95% CI: 1.8-5.7, p<0.05).Conclusions: Hand washing agents were inadequate and compliance to hand washing was poor. Therefore, the continuous focus is needed on the mother's awareness construction to increase the compliance to hand washing practice among mothers as well as their child with soap, especially during child feeding.

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PERILAKU MENCUCI TANGAN DAN KEJADIAN KECACINGAN PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DI KECAMATAN PETANAHAN KABUPATEN KEBUMEN

Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Keperawatan ◽

10.26753/jikk.v11i2.103 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Siti Muthoharoh ◽

Djauhar Ismail ◽

Muhammad Hakimi

Keyword(s):

Elementary School ◽

Elementary School Students ◽

Prevalence Ratio ◽

Interval Data ◽

Hand Washing ◽

P Value ◽

School Students ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Worm Infestation

Children are the nation’s investment. The future quality of a nation is determined in the children’s current quality. The prevalence of worm infestation in Indonesia is quite high between 60-80% and especially attacks on elementary school children. A long term worm infestation can reduce health that impairs the ability to learn. Risk factors of worm disease include poor environmental sanitation, education level, socio-economic conditions, and health habits such as bowel movement in any places, lack of awareness in hand washing, no footwear as well as geographical conditions.Objective: To know the relationship of hand washing behavior with the incidence of worm on elementary school students in Petanahan Sub-District Kebumen District.The research was observational analytic with a cross sectional design. Sampling was done with a two-level clustering method. The sample size was 213 elementary school students in Grades 3, 4, and 5 that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data was collected using a questionnaire and the results of laboratory tests. Hypothesis testing used chi-square with p <0.05 and 95% Confidence Interval. Data analysis used univariable, bivariable, and multivariable.There was a relationship between worm infestation and hand washing behavior seen from the results that the students who did not wash their hands and were positive with worm infestation were 66 students or 59.46%, while the students that performed hand washing and were negative with worm infestation were 72 students or 70.59%. Statistical test result was significant seen from the p value of 0.0001 and the prevalence ratio of 2.02 (95% CI 1.44 to 2.83).Hand washing behavior on elementary school students of Petanahan District, Kebumen, showed that 52.11% of the students did not wash their hands. There was a relationship between hand washing and worm infestation on elementary school students of Petanahan Sub-District, Kebumen District. Keywords: hand washing behavior, the incidence of worm infestation

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The role of knowledge, attitudes, and health workers’ behavior in COVID19 pandemic preparedness at Aceh Pidie Jaya District, Indonesia

International Journal of Care Coordination ◽

10.1177/20534345211061677 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 205343452110616

Author(s):

Budi Yanti ◽

Nurdarlila Armita ◽

Iskandar Zakaria

Keyword(s):

Health Workers ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Good Knowledge ◽

District Health ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Positive Attitudes ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Level 3

Introduction Health workers are at high risk of contracting the disease because they are at the forefront of assisting COVID19 patients. Globally, Indonesia has the worst death toll of health workers. Many previous studies have shown the differences in knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of health workers in handling with the COVID19 pandemic. This study aims to asses the role of knowledge, attitudes, and health workers' preparedness during the COVID-19 pandemic in Aceh Pidie Jaya District. Methods A cross-sectional study and the data were collected by distributing online questionnaires about knowledge, attitudes, behavior, and preparedness related to the COVID-19 at 12 Pidie Jaya District health centers. The knowledge, behavior, and preparedness parameters used Guttman and Likert scales to measure the workers' attitudes. Chi-square test was used to evaluate the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, behavior, and preparedness. Results In this study, 377 health workers were selected, the majority of respondents' education level was diploma, level 3 (257, 76.3%), and one-third of the respondents did not attend training. There are 197 (58.5%) respondents who had good knowledge, 177 (52.5%) positive attitudes, 283 (84%) good behavior, and 173 (51, 3%) well prepared. Furthermore, good knowledge, positive attitude, and good behavior had a significant correlation statistically with well prepared during the pandemic (p < 0.05). Discussion Most of the health workers in Aceh Pidie Jaya have good knowledge, positive attitudes, and good behavior that create adequate preparedness. Even though training is still very limited, educational attainment would remain the cornerstone for preparedness to encounter COVID-19.

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Factors Related to Soil Transmitted Helminth Infection on Primary School Children

Unnes Journal of Public Health ◽

10.15294/ujph.v7i1.17400 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 55-61

Author(s):

Liena Sofiana ◽

Mayang Sumira Jewana Kelen

Keyword(s):

Primary School ◽

School Children ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Hand Washing ◽

Test Results ◽

School Students ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Bowel Habits ◽

Cross Sectional Design

ABSTRACT Infeksi Soil Transmitted Helminth (STH) is the third ranks of the top 10 common infectious diseases in the world with an incidence rate of about 1.4 billion per year. The incidence of STH in Indonesia is still quite high. This figure occurs in primary school students of 60-80%, while for all ages of 40% -60%. The purpose of this study was to determine factors related to STH infection in elementary school children at primary school of Moyudan Sleman. The type of research used was analytic observational with the cross-sectional design. The population in this study were all students of class I, II, and III in Moyudan Sleman primary school with total sampling technique of 60 respondents. Data analysis used chi-square. The test results showed that the habit of hand washing before eating (sig= 0.010; RP= 3.850), the habit of hand washing after defecating(sig= 0.007; RP= 4.571), nail hygiene (sig= 0.179; RP= 2.138), the habit of wearing footwear (sig= 0.008; RP= 3.714), and bowel habits (sig= 0.004; RP= 4.000). It can be concluded that there was a relationship between hand washing before eating, hand washing after defecating, the habit of wearing footwear, bowel habits and STH infection on the students of Moyudan Sleman primary school but there was no relationship between nail hygiene and STH infection. ABSTRAK Infeksi Soil Transmitted Helminth (STH) adalah penyakit yang menempati urutan ketiga dari 10 penyakit menular di dunia dengan tingkat kejadian sekitar 1,4 miliar per tahun. Insiden STH di Indonesia masih cukup tinggi. Angka tersebut terjadi pada siswa di sekolah dasar mencapai 60-80%, sedangkan untuk semua usia berkisar antara 40%-60%. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan infeksi STH pada anak sekolah dasar di SD Negeri Moyudan Sleman. Penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua siswa kelas I, II, dan III di SD Moyudan Sleman dengan teknik total sampling yaitu 60 responden. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-squre. Hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa mencuci tangan sebelum makan (sig= 0,010; RP= 3,850), mencuci tangan setelah buang air besar (sig= 0,007; RP= 4,571), kebersihan kuku (sig= 0,179; RP= 2,138), kebiasaan memakai alas kaki (sig= 0,008; RP= 3,714), dan perilaku buang air besar (sig= 0,004; RP= 4,000). Disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan antara mencuci tangan sebelum makan, mencuci tangan setelah BAB, kebiasaan memakai alas kaki, dan perilaku buang air besar dengan infeksi STH pada anak-anak sekolah dasar Moyudan Sleman, sementara kebersihan kuku tidak memiliki hubungan dengan infeksi STH. Kata kunci: Infeksi STH, faktor risiko, sekolah dasar ABSTRACT Infeksi Soil Transmitted Helminth (STH) is the third ranks of the top 10 common infectious diseases in the world with an incidence rate of about 1.4 billion per year. The incidence of STH in Indonesia is still quite high. This figure occurs in primary school students of 60-80%, while for all ages of 40% -60%. The purpose of this study was to determine factors related to STH infection in elementary school children at primary school of Moyudan Sleman. The type of research used was analytic observational with the cross-sectional design. The population in this study were all students of class I, II, and III in Moyudan Sleman primary school with total sampling technique of 60 respondents. Data analysis used chi-square. The test results showed that the habit of hand washing before eating (sig= 0.010; RP= 3.850), the habit of hand washing after defecating(sig= 0.007; RP= 4.571), nail hygiene (sig= 0.179; RP= 2.138), the habit of wearing footwear (sig= 0.008; RP= 3.714), and bowel habits (sig= 0.004; RP= 4.000). It can be concluded that there was a relationship between hand washing before eating, hand washing after defecating, the habit of wearing footwear, bowel habits and STH infection on the students of Moyudan Sleman primary school but there was no relationship between nail hygiene and STH infection.

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