scholarly journals Effect of processing on vitamin A and some mineral contents of pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) seed

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-116
Author(s):  
A.A. Ambi ◽  
M. Bashir ◽  
B.M. Hafsat ◽  
M. Nura ◽  
H. Abubakar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cucurbita Maxima ◽  
Important Food ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Pumpkin Seed ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Pumpkin Seeds ◽  
Materials Used

Pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) seeds are important food materials used by most Nigerian families due to their delicious taste, aroma and appeal. In this study, changes between chemical composition of processed and unprocessed pumpkin seeds (Cucurbita maxima) was investigated. The nutritional compositions were analyzed by standard methods. The vitamin A contents 36.83 μg/100g and 33.72 μg/100g respectively. The copper, zinc, magnesium,phosphorus and iron contents of processed seeds were; 0.063, 0.43, 47.67, 58.19 and 610.77 ppm respectively while the values for unprocessed were; 0.047, 0.41, 36.73, 58.45 and 211.19 ppm respectively with significant difference between the processed and unprocessed. The finding suggests that pumpkin seed is rich in this vitamin and minerals. If utilized efficiently. It can also ameliorate micronutrients deficiency problem in population of all age groups.

scholarly journals Organoleptic Test of Boba Flour Substitution of Pumpkin Seeds High in Fiber and Protein

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Maurizka Sabrina Septia ◽  
Septa Katmawanti ◽  
Supriyadi Supriyadi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Sugar Consumption ◽  
Pumpkin Seed ◽  
Obesity Rate ◽  
Seed Flour ◽  
Texture Parameters ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fiber Consumption ◽  
Pumpkin Seeds

In 2013, the obesity rate in Indonesia for people over the age of 18 was 14.8 percent; by 2018, the obesity rate had risen to 21.8% (Riskesdas, 2018a). The significant number of fat people in Indonesia is caused by high sugar consumption and low fiber consumption regularly. One hundred grams of pumpkin seeds contain 6 grams of fiber, 30.23 grams of protein, 7.2 mg/100 zinc, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and phytosterols (Nurhasim, Tamrin, and Wahab, 2017). The purpose of this study is to identify the panelists' level of preference for four formulations of pumpkin seed flour boba using assessment factors such as taste, color, texture, and aroma. The procedural model was used in this research and development. This development study utilizes an opinion-based process (Borg and Gall, 1984), which is then modified based on research needs. Organoleptic testing on boba products without added milk drinks on untrained panelists revealed a significant difference in color and texture parameters. There was no significant difference in panelist acceptability of aroma and taste characteristics. The findings of the untrained panelist's appraisal of boba added to a milk companion drink were then presented, revealing significant changes in the color and texture parameters. Furthermore, there were no statistically significant changes in the aroma and taste indices.

scholarly journals Retinol Depletion in Severe COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aziz Rodan Sarohan ◽  
Hakan Akelma ◽  
Eşref Araç ◽  
Özgür Aslan
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Type I Interferon ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Serum Retinol ◽  
Retinoid Signaling ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractBackground and PurposeVitamin A is depleted during infections. Vitamin A has been used successfully in measles, RSV and AIDS patients and is an effective vaccine adjuvant. In this study, low retinol levels were found in patients with severe COVID-19. Retinoid signaling impairment in COVID-19 disrupts Type-I interferon synthesis.Material and MethodTwo groups were formed in the study. The patient group consisted of 27 (Group 1) severe COVID-19 patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit with respiratory failure, and the control group consisted of 23 (Group 2) patients without COVID-19 symptoms. Serum retinol levels were analyzed by ELIZA and HPLC in both groups.FindingsRetinol levels were found to be significantly lower in the patient group (P <0.001). There was no difference in retinol between two different age groups in the patient group (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in retinol between men and women (P> 0.05). Comorbidity did not affect serum retinol levels (P >0.05).ConclusionSerum retinol levels were low in patients with severe COVID-19. Drugs preventing retinol excretion were not stopped in the patient group. Some patients took vitamin A externally. Despite this, retinol was low in COVID-19 patients. Retinol depletion impairs Type-I interferon synthesis by impairing retinoid signaling. Retinoid signaling may be the main pathogenetic disorder in COVID-19. This pathogenesis can serve as a guide for adjuvants, drug targets, and candidate drugs. Retinol, retinoic acid derivatives, and some CYP450 inhibitors may work on COVID-19.

RETENTION OF CAROTENE AND RETINYL PALMITATE IN PALM COOKING OIL AND THE PRODUCTS FRIED IN THE OIL

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-171
Author(s):  
Hasrul Abdi Hasibuan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Retinyl Palmitate ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Used Oil ◽  
Color Retention ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Materials Used

Fortification of vitamin A in the cooking oil needs to be revisited given that the used oil is palm oil and fortificant form of vitamin A or retinol palmitate have to be imported. On the other hand, palm oil contains carotene as pro-vitamin A and potentially as an alternative of fortificant. The aim of this study was to compare the retention of carotene to retinol palmitate in palm cooking oil and the products fried in the oil using deep frying at 150°C. Materials used as fried products were potatoes, tofu and chicken. The quality of cooking oil that determined were the fatty acid composition, water content, free fatty acid, peroxide value, color, retention of carotene and retinol palmitate. While the quality of the products fried in the oil that determined were water, fat, carotene and retinol palmitate content. The results of this study showed that fortificant (carotene and retinol palmitate) no significant difference to the quality of cooking oil except color, retention of carotene and retinol palmitate. Fortificants also showed no significant difference to the quality of fried products. Retention of carotene showed significantly decreased with increasing frying repeatedly, but had a higher retention and significantly different than retinol palmitate. Retention of carotene in the frying pan first, second, third, fourth and fifth were in the range of 86-89%, 83-89%, 80-83%, 77-80% and 77-80%, while retinol palmitate were 68-100%, 58-97%, 51-89%, 50-84%, and 40-75%. Thus, carotene can be used as an alternative of fortificant in the palm cooking oil.

scholarly journals Nutritional and Organoleptic Properties of Wheat (Triticum aestivum) and Beniseed (Sesame indicum) Composite Flour Baked Foods

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Emmanuel-Ikpeme ◽  
Christopher Eneji ◽  
Godwin Igile
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Composite Flour ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Substitution Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Health Significance ◽  
Baked Foods

Eating snacks during lunch periods has become a way of life for school children and the busy working class people in most urban cities in developing nations like Nigeria. Providing nutritious and healthy snacks remains a major challenge for the food industry to tackle, including the issue of sugar and carbohydrate contents in snacks which predisposes obesity. Nutritional and sensory characteristics of baked foods produced from wheat/beniseed flour composite were investigated with the aim of producing healthy and nutritious baked foods. Beniseed was substituted in wheat flour so as to increase the protein content and enhance the nutritive value of baked food produced from such composite flour. Beniseed was substituted in wheat flour at 3 levels (10%, 20%, 30%) with other ingredients to produce bread and cake. The samples were analyzed for proximate content, vitamin A and C, antinutrients, minerals and sensory properties. Proximate and mineral contents, as well as Vitamin A and C content of the bread and cake showed significant increases (P&gt;0.05) with increase in beniseed substitution levels. The level of total oxalate and soluble oxalate significantly increased (P&lt;0.05), while phytate and tannins significantly (P&lt;0.05) decreased with increase in beniseed substitution level. There was no significant difference (P&lt;0.05) in the panelist ratings for taste, color, flavor, texture and overall acceptability of 10% beniseed substitution for bread and up to 20% beniseed substitution for cake with the control. The results indicate that a healthy and nutritious snack could be produced from wheat and beniseed flour composite. This study is of public health significance in Nigeria.

scholarly journals RETENTION OF CAROTENE AND RETINYL PALMITATE IN PALM COOKING OIL AND THE PRODUCTS FRIED IN THE OIL

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-171
Author(s):  
Hasrul Abdi Hasibuan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Retinyl Palmitate ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Used Oil ◽  
Color Retention ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Materials Used

Fortification of vitamin A in the cooking oil needs to be revisited given that the used oil is palm oil and fortificant form of vitamin A or retinol palmitate have to be imported. On the other hand, palm oil contains carotene as pro-vitamin A and potentially as an alternative of fortificant. The aim of this study was to compare the retention of carotene to retinol palmitate in palm cooking oil and the products fried in the oil using deep frying at 150°C. Materials used as fried products were potatoes, tofu and chicken. The quality of cooking oil that determined were the fatty acid composition, water content, free fatty acid, peroxide value, color, retention of carotene and retinol palmitate. While the quality of the products fried in the oil that determined were water, fat, carotene and retinol palmitate content. The results of this study showed that fortificant (carotene and retinol palmitate) no significant difference to the quality of cooking oil except color, retention of carotene and retinol palmitate. Fortificants also showed no significant difference to the quality of fried products. Retention of carotene showed significantly decreased with increasing frying repeatedly, but had a higher retention and significantly different than retinol palmitate. Retention of carotene in the frying pan first, second, third, fourth and fifth were in the range of 86-89%, 83-89%, 80-83%, 77-80% and 77-80%, while retinol palmitate were 68-100%, 58-97%, 51-89%, 50-84%, and 40-75%. Thus, carotene can be used as an alternative of fortificant in the palm cooking oil.

scholarly journals the Effect of Age and Height on Some Selected Physical Properties of Ethiopian Highland Bamboo (Yushania Alpina)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (08) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohannis Gebremariam Girma ◽  
Dessie Assefa
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Local Livelihoods ◽  
Ethiopian Highland ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Materials Used

Ethiopian highland bamboo is a multipurpose and a fast growing plant that supports local livelihoods in many ways. It is a source of food, fodder, furniture, textile raw material, building material, industrial inputs, fuel and other purposes in Ethiopia. Physical properties are considered to be important factors in determining the suitability of bamboo for various applications. A sufficient knowledge of the physical properties of bamboo ensures safe design for materials used in service.  In this study, Effects of age and height on the basic density, moisture content, wall thickness and culm diameter of Ethiopian highland bamboo (Yushinia alpina) were studied on 2, 3 and 4 years-old bamboo. The result of the study show that four years old bamboo had the highest moisture content and wall thickness and the lowest density and culm diameter. Density and culm diameter did not show significant difference between 2, 3, and 4 years of old bamboo. However, variation in moisture content and wall thickness were observed between the three age groups. Density had greatest in bottom and lowest, in the top. There is no variation of moisture content, wall thickness and culm diameter at different height positions (Bottom, Middle and Top).

scholarly journals Phytochemicals characterization of nutraceutical enriched fruits and nuts spread

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (SI) ◽  
pp. 124-129
Author(s):  
C. Rohini ◽  
P. S. Geetha ◽  
R. Vijayalakshmi ◽  
M. L. Mini
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Tannin Content ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Pumpkin Seed ◽  
Cucumber Seed ◽  
Pumpkin Seeds ◽  
High Level

The present study aimed to formulate a nutraceutical enriched fruits and nuts spreads and analyze the presence of phytochemicals in the formulated spread. The pumpkin seeds and cucumber seeds were roasted at 150° C for 15 mins and made into powder. The seed powder was mixed to the pulp of ?-carotene rich fruits like mango, papaya and muskmelon in order to make fruits and nuts spread. Treatments like Mango with pumpkin seed powder (T1), Papaya with pumpkin seed powder (T2), Muskmelon with pumpkin seed powder (T3), Mango with cucumber seed powder (T4), Papaya with cucumber seed powder (T5) and Muskmelon with cucumber seed powder (T6). The fruits and nuts spreads were analyzed for the presence of phytochemicals ?-carotene, polyphenols, tannins, flavonoids and antioxidant activity. The formulated fruits and nuts spreads were packed in polypropylene boxes, glass bottles and stored under refrigerated condition at 4°C. ?-carotene content was found to be high (634.21?g/g) in Mango with Pumpkin seed powder spread (T1), tannin content was higher (52.61 mg/g) in Papaya with Pumpkin seed powder spread (T2), flavonoid components were higher (3.25 mg/g) in Mango with Pumpkin seed powder spread (T1), and polyphenols content were found to be high (59.33 mg/g) in Papaya with Cucumber seed powder spread (T5). The antioxidant property was high in the Mango with Pumpkin seed powder spread (T1) when compared to all other treatments. Pumpkin seeds comprised of excellent amount of bioactive compounds. The pumpkin seed incorporated spread showed a high level of phytochemicals when compared to other spreads. This was ready to eat spread which had 3 months of shelf life under refrigerated condition is preferred for people of all age groups.

Liver Elastography in Healthy Children Using Three Different Systems – How Many Measurements Are Necessary?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Batman Mjelle ◽  
Anesa Mulabecirovic ◽  
Roald Flesland Havre ◽  
Edda Jonina Olafsdottir ◽  
Odd Helge Gilja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Transient Elastography ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Liver Stiffness ◽  
Shear Wave Elastography ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pediatric Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Elastography

Abstract Purpose Liver elastography is increasingly being applied in screening for and follow-up of pediatric liver disease, and has been shown to correlate well with fibrosis staging through liver biopsy. Because time is of the essence when examining children, we wanted to evaluate if a reliable result can be achieved with fewer acquisitions. Materials and Methods 243 healthy children aged 4–17 years were examined after three hours of fasting. Participants were divided into four age groups: 4–7 years; 8–11 years; 12–14 years and 15–17 years. Both two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE; GE Logiq E9) and point shear wave elastography (pSWE; Samsung RS80A with Prestige) were performed in all participants, while transient elastography (TE, Fibroscan) was performed in a subset of 87 children aged 8–17 years. Median liver stiffness measurement (LSM) values of 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 acquisitions were compared with the median value of 10 acquisitions (reference standard). Comparison was performed for all participants together as well as within every specific age group. We investigated both the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) with absolute agreement and all outliers more than 10 %, 20 % or ≥ 0.5 or 1.0 kPa from the median of 10 acquisitions. Results For all three systems there was no significant difference between three and ten acquisitions, with ICCs ≥ 0.97. All systems needed 4 acquisitions to achieve no LSM deviating ≥ 1.0 kPa of a median of ten. To achieve no LSM deviating ≥ 20 % of a median of ten acquisitions, pSWE and TE needed 4 acquisitions, while 2D-SWE required 6 acquisitions. Conclusion Our results contradict recommendations of 10 acquisitions for pSWE and TE and only 3 for 2D-SWE.

The influence of osteopathic correction on the rate of various rhythms of the body

2019 ◽  
pp. 64-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Chernikova ◽  
Yu. P. Potekhina
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Dispersion Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

Introduction. An osteopathic examination determines the rate, the amplitude and the strength of the main rhythms (cardiac, respiratory and cranial). However, there are relatively few studies in the available literature dedicated to the influence of osteopathic correction (OC) on the characteristics of these rhythms.Goal of research — to study the influence of OC on the rate characteristics of various rhythms of the human body.Materials and methods. 88 adult osteopathic patients aged from 18 to 81 years were examined, among them 30 men and 58 women. All patients received general osteopathic examination. The rate of the cranial rhythm (RCR), respiratory rate (RR) heart rate (HR), the mobility of the nervous processes (MNP) and the connective tissue mobility (CTM) were assessed before and after the OC session.Results. Since age varied greatly in the examined group, a correlation analysis of age-related changes of the assessed rhythms was carried out. Only the CTM correlated with age (r=–0,28; p<0,05) in a statistically significant way. The rank dispersion analysis of Kruskal–Wallis also showed statistically significant difference in this indicator in different age groups (p=0,043). With the increase of years, the CTM decreases gradually. After the OC, the CTM, increased in a statistically significant way (p<0,0001). The RCR varied from 5 to 12 cycles/min in the examined group, which corresponded to the norm. After the OC, the RCR has increased in a statistically significant way (p<0,0001), the MNP has also increased (p<0,0001). The initial heart rate in the subjects varied from 56 to 94 beats/min, and in 15 % it exceeded the norm. After the OC the heart rate corresponded to the norm in all patients. The heart rate and the respiratory rate significantly decreased after the OC (р<0,0001).Conclusion. The described biorhythm changes after the OC session may be indicative of the improvement of the nervous regulation, of the normalization of the autonomic balance, of the improvement of the biomechanical properties of body tissues and of the increase of their mobility. The assessed parameters can be measured quickly without any additional equipment and can be used in order to study the results of the OC.

The Influence of Age and Gender on Mandibular Indices among the Libyan Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
T Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Libyan Population

Radiographic Mandibular Indices serve as easy and relatively cheap tools for evaluating bone mineralization. Objectives: To examine the effect of age and gender on three mandibular indices: the panoramic mandibular index (PMI), the mandibular ratio (MR) and the mandibular cortical index (MCI), among Libyan population. Methods: The three indices were measured on 317 digital (OPGs) of adult humans (155 males, 162 females). The sample was divided into six age groups (from 18-25 years through 56-65 years). The measurements were analyzed for interactions with age and sex, using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Studies) software version no. 22. The tests employed were two way ANOVA, the unpaired T-test and chi-square test. Results: The mean PMI fluctuated between 0.37 s.d. 0.012 and 0.38 s.d. 0.012. among the sixth age groups. One-way ANOVA statistical test revealed no significant of age on PMI. On the other hand gender variation has effect on PMI, since independent sample t-test disclosed that the difference between the male and female PMI means statistically significant. ANOVA test showed that the means of MR among age groups showed a negative correlation i.e. MR mean declined from 3.01 in 18-25 age groups to 2.7 in 55-65 age groups. In contrary, the gender showed no effect on MR according two sample t-test at p> 0.05. In regards with MCI, statistical analysis showed that it affected by age that is C1 was decreasing by age while C2 and C3 were increased by age. Using chi square test the result indicated that there is a significant difference among the different age group and the two genders in MCI readings. Conclusion: PMI was influenced significantly by age but minimally by the gender. MR is not affected by gender but has a negative correlation with age. MCI is affected by both age and gender

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