scholarly journals Effect of crude aqueous leaves extract of Bryophyllum Pinnatum on antioxidant status, blood glucose, lipid profile, liver and renal function indices in albino rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-241
Author(s):  
Iya Eze Bassey ◽  
Etido Fidelis Udo ◽  
Samson Oluwaseyi Adesite
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Group B ◽  
Serum Aminotransferases ◽  
Bryophyllum Pinnatum

Bryophyllum pinnatum is an important enthnomedicinal plant. The study assessed the effect of crude aqueous leaves extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum (CALEBP) on fasting plasma glucose (FPG), antioxidant status, lipid profile, liver and renal function indices in albino rats. The rats were housed under standard laboratory conditions (12h light: 12h dark photoperiod), 23± 2 ºC and were given rat pellets and tap water ad libitum. Twenty four rats weighing 190-232g were randomized into four groups (A-D) of six rats each. Group A (control) received normal feed and water only. Groups B, C and D received orally 180, 360 and 540 mg/kg body weight respectively of CALEBP for 28 days. Serum aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), superoxide dismutase, catalase, FPG, lipid profile, urea, creatinine, bilirubin, proteins, malondialdehyde, glutathione (GSH) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and electrolytes were assessed by standard methods. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Groups C and D had significantly lower FPG (p = 0.030; p = 0.01) and higher ALP (p = 0.01; p = 0.001) compared to the controls. Group D had significantly lower creatinine (p = 0.03) and K+ (p = 0.02) compared to control. Group B, C and D had significantly lower GSH (p = 0.020, p = 0.000 and p = 0.000) while group B had significantly higher TAC (p = 0.04) compared to the controls. Dosage of extracts correlated positively with ALP (r = 0.705, p = 0.000) and negatively with FPG (r = -0.603, p = 0.002), K+ (r = -0.563, p = 0.004), creatinine (r = -0.464, p = 0.022) and GSH (r = -0.786, p = 0.000). Bryophyllum pinnatum aqueous leaves extract could lower blood glucose, potassium and creatinine  levels and may increase ALP activity and GSH depletion in high doses. Keywords: Bryophyllum pinnatum, aqueous leaf extract, dosage, effect assessment, Albino rats

scholarly journals Anti-hyperglycemic Effects of Diacerein in Alloxan-Induced Diabetes Mellitus in Wistar Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
Arsalan Uqaili ◽  
Samia Siddiqui ◽  
Roomi Aijaz ◽  
Yar Muhammad Nizammani ◽  
Navaid Kazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Objective: To determine the anti-hyperglycemic effects of interleukin-1 inhibitor (diacerein) in alloxan induced diabetic albino wistar rats. This experimental study was performed at the Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University, Tando Jam within 6 months from April 2016 to September 2016. Total of 160 adult Albino Wistar Rats having an average of 200 to 300 grams body weights were selected. Animals were categorized into 4 groups as; Group A (n=15): Control rats – receive 0.9% normal saline as placebo Experimental Groups Group B (n=15): Experimental Control (Diabetic rats) - Alloxan50 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneal. Group C (n=15): Diabetic rats + Diacerein (30 mg/kg/day) orally daily. Group D (n=15): Diabetic rats + Diacerein (50 mg/kg/day) orally daily. Animals were kept and treated as per the NIH Guideline for Use and Care of Laboratory Animals. Diabetes mellitus was induced via a single intraperitoneal injection of 50 milligram/kg alloxan monohydrated dissolved in aseptic 0.9% saline. After 72 hours, blood specimens were taken from the caudal vein of the rats and glucose level>200 mg/dL was taken as diabetes. Experimental rats were given diacerein approximately 30 and 50 mg orally for 6 weeks. At the completion of experiment the body weight was measured of each animal by electronic measuring balance and blood sample was taken from each animal of all groups to assess the blood glucose level and HbA1c level. Data were recorded via self-made proforma and analysis was done by using SPSS version 20. Results: Average body weight of Diabetic control (Group B) was 193.33±22.50 grams, which was lower in contrast to Diacerein treated group C 202.47±25.70 grams and significantly lower as compared to Diacerein treated group D as  212.6±23.43 grams. A significant increase in blood glucose levels 182.07±10.63 mg/dl was noted in the Diabetic control (Group B) compared to Diacerein treated group C (110.13± 8.54 mg/dl) and group D (85.87±8.41 mg/dl) (P=0.001). HbA1c was markedly raised in the Group B- diabetic controls, while diacerein treated diabetic rats (groups C and D) showed a significant decrease in HbA1c (P=0.001). Conclusion: It was concluded that Diacerein achieves the Euglycemic state by reducing the levels of blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in Alloxan-Induced diabetes mellitus in Wistar Albino Rats.

scholarly journals Curative Effects of Ethanol Extract of Prosopis Farcta (Syrian Mesquite) Against Ethylene Glycol Induced Urolithiasis in Male Albino Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
Kowan M. Ahmed ◽  
Sarbast A. Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Kidney Weight ◽  
Prosopis Farcta ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

The present study was designed to evaluate the antiurolithiatic activity of Prosopis farcta (P. farcta) ethanol fruit extract in ethylene glycol (EG) induced urolithiasis in male albino rats. Lithiasis was induced by oral administration of EG 1% in male albino rats for 28 days. Seventy eight male albino rats weighing 250-300g were used and divided into six experimental groups. Group A is a control group received standard rat chow and tap water ad libitum, while, rest of groups namely group B, C, D, E, F animals received 1% EG in water for 28 days, then from day 15 to day 28 in addition to EG administration, group C received cystone, group D, E and F received 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg body weight (B.W.) of ethanol fruit extract of P. farcta respectively. On day 28, blood was collected for serum biochemical (serum uric acid, creatinine, urea, electrolytes measurements, malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)) determinations. While urine was collected to microscopic analysis of formed crystals besides the kidney weight/ B.W. ratio and B.W. gain/ loss values were determined. Intermediate dose (200mg/kg B.W.) of P. farcta extract significantly decreased serum creatinine, urea, MDA and non-significantly recovered SOD toward control value in group E as compared to group B, also significant elevation in kidney weight/ B.W. ratio and reduction in B.W. gains in group B occurred as compared with group A. In conclusion: P. farcta fruit extract has potentially therapeutic effects on EG induced kidney stone which can be used as effective antiurolithiatic agent rather than cystone.

scholarly journals Effects of Rosiglitazone with Insulin Combination Therapy on Oxidative Stress and Lipid Profile in Left Ventricular Muscles of Diabetic Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Servet Kavak ◽  
Lokman Ayaz ◽  
Mustafa Emre
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Nitrosative Stress ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Purpose. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that rosiglitazone (RSG) with insulin is able to quench oxidative stress initiated by high glucose through prevention of NAD(P)H oxidase activation.Methods and Materials. Male albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into an untreated control group (C), a diabetic group (D) that was treated with a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (45 mgkg−1), and rosiglitazone group that was treated with RSG twice daily by gavage and insulin once daily by subcutaneous injection (group B). HbA1c and blood glucose levels in the circulation and malondialdehyde and 3-nitrotyrosine levels in left ventricular muscle were measured.Result. Treatment of D rats with group B resulted in a time-dependent decrease in blood glucose. We found that the lipid profile and HbA1c levels in group B reached the control group D rat values at the end of the treatment period. There was an increase in 3-nitrotyrosine levels in group D compared to group C. Malondialdehyde and 3-nitrotyrosine levels were found to be decreased in group B compared to group D(P<0.05).Conclusion. Our data suggests that the treatment of diabetic rats with group B for 8 weeks may decrease the oxidative/nitrosative stress in left ventricular tissue of rats. Thus, in diabetes-related vascular diseases, group B treatment may be cardioprotective.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF TELMISARTAN ON BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS AND BLOOD LIPID LEVELS IN STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1303-1308
Author(s):  
Siddamma Amoghimath ◽  
R. N. Suresha
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Lipid Levels

To evaluate the effect of telmisartan on blood glucose levels and blood lipid levels in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Eighteen Wistar albino rats weighing 150-200gms of either sex were randomly selected from the central animal facility, and divided into 3 groups. Diabetes was induced by injecting Streptozotocin intraperitonelly. The control group received 1% Gum acacia (oral), standard group received 0.5 mg/kg Glibenclamide (oral) and the test group received Telmisartan 7.2mg/kg body weight (oral) from 0-28 days respectively. Body weight of the individual rats were measured on the respective days before blood glucose estimation on 0, 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 & 28th day and fasting blood glucose was estimated by (ACCUCHECK) glucometer. Estimation of fasting lipid profile by lipid screening strips on 1st and 28th day. When compared to control the capillary blood glucose (CBG) levels in the Telmisartan group was less at all the intervals but comparable with that of standard drug Glibenclamide in Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Improved lipid profile was seen with the Telmisartan group when compared to control group in Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Hypoglycemic activity and improved lipid profile action was seen with Telmisartan group which is comparable to standard drug glibenclamide in streptozotocin induced diabetic albino rats.

Ajwa Date Fruit Extract Ameliorates the Effects of Alcohol on Weight of Liver in Male Albino Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1810-1812
Author(s):  
Zafar Iqbal ◽  
Rifat Shamim ◽  
Nighat Ara ◽  
Fauzia Siraj ◽  
Attya Zaheer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Date Fruit ◽  
Group B

Background: Liver injuries induced by different toxic substances have been recognized as one of the great toxicological problem for years. However, there are a lot of herbal medicines existing to compensate these disorders.Alcohols are one of the most important organic compounds in different areas of our daily lives. The health benefits of Ajwa Date Fruit Extract are well documented in literature. Objective: To determine the effect of alcohol on weight of liver and possible protective role of Ajwa date fruit extract (ADFE) in adult male albino rats. Study Design:Experimental Study Place and Duration of Study: Department of Anatomy, Postgraduate Medical Institute, Lahore from 1st October 2018 to 31st March 2019. Methodology: Twenty four adult male albino rats were used in this research and divided into the 4 groups A, B, C and D having 6 rats in each group. Group A was designated as control group;group B received ethanol 3g/kg/day of 40% v/v prepared in distilled water; group C received ethanol and ADFE1g/kg/day and group D received ethanol and ADFE 2g/kg/day by oral gavage once daily for 28 days.The 100% pure alcohol was dissolved in distilled water for preparation of 40% alcohol. Dates palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruits washed with tap water and removed the seeds. The extract of the date fruits made by adding distilled water to date fruit (3:1) and leaving for 48 hours in refrigerator (4°C). Results: The increase in mean weight of liver in group B on 29th day of experiment were statistically significant (p=0.001) in comparison with the control. The mean weight of liver was decreased significantly after 28 days of experiment in experimental groups C and D. Conclusions: Alcohol administration in the male albino rats significantly increase their weight of liver which was improved by the use of ADFE. Key words: Alcohol, Ajwa date fruit extract, Rats

scholarly journals Study on Effects of Medroxyprogesterone Acetate on Serological Parameters, Ultrasonographic and Histopathological Profile of Uterine Endometrial Morphology in Female Rabbits

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.A. Tahir ◽  
U.F. Durrani ◽  
A.K. Mahmood ◽  
K. Matloob ◽  
M. Imran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Medroxyprogesterone Acetate ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group B

Background: Rabbits are small mammals from the family Leporidae. Rapid multiplication profile of the rabbits often necessitates contraceptive controls in which ovario-hysterectomy is the only recommended method worldwide but still rabbit owners avoid surgical manipulation and opt for the contraceptive injections but contraceptive injections are also known to cause undesired effects in different animal species. The present study was conducted to evaluate effects of Medroxyprogesterone acetate on liver enzymes, lipid profile, blood glucose and uterine endometrial morphology. Methods: The study was conducted on 20 breeding female rabbits at Pet Centre, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan. The study animals were divided into two groups, A and B having 10 rabbits each. Group A was treated with single dose of Medroxyprogesterone acetate (10 mg/kg IM). While group B was kept as control and was given a single dose of 0.9% normal saline placebo injection. Pre and post treatment serum sampling was performed on days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42 and histopathological evaluation of reproductive tract (mainly uterus) was conducted at the end of study. Result: Serological parameters i.e. liver profile, lipid profile and blood glucose level (random) were significantly increased after treatment along with congestion, engorgement of blood vessels, degeneration, hyperplasia of uterine epithelium and uterine glands in Treatment group in contrast to control group. On the basis of this study it was concluded that Medroxyprogesterone acetate poses undesirable effect on the uterine endometrium and different serological parameters of body like liver enzymes (total bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase), blood glucose, lipid profile (cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, triglyceride).

Antidiabetic and Hypolipidemic Effects of Extracts of Gymnema Sylvestre in Streptozotocin Induced Type I Diabetes in Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nishtha R. Mahida ◽  
G. . Mandali ◽  
Vijaysinh V. Sindha ◽  
S. K. Raval
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Hypolipidemic Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Gymnema Sylvestre ◽  
Altered Glucose

Gymnema sylvestre of the family Asclepiadaceae is one of the most important medicinal plants of the central eco-region. It is popularly known as Gurmar, which means “sugar killer”. Extract of leaves is reported to have tannins, gum, flavonoids, proteins and saponins. It has displayed a wide array of pharmacological activities. This study was aimed to investigate the antidiabetic and hypolipidemic effects of Gymnema sylvestre extract in experimentally induced diabetes in rats. Diabetes was produced in adult Wistar rats with single dose of streptozotocin (STZ) @ 60 mg/kg b.wt. intraperitoneally. After the confirmation of diabetes on 7th day (sugar >200 mg/dl), alcoholic and aqueous extracts of G. sylvestre (400 mg/kg) were administered orally to the experimental rats from 8th day and continued for 42 days thereafter. The antidiabetic and hypolipidemic activity was estimated by measuring blood glucose, lipid profile and histopathological examination of various tissues from all the groups. Administration of STZ resulted in a significant (p less than 0.01) increase in blood glucose and lipid profile and histopathological alterations in Diabetic control group as compared to healthy control group. Gymnema treatment demonstrated significant (p less than 0.01) antidiabetic effect indicated by restoration of blood glucose compared to STZ control group. The study concluded that extracts of Gymnema sylvestre improved the altered glucose and lipid profile in diabetic rats, suggesting that the Gymnema Sylvestre extracts exhibit the antidiabetic and hypolipidemic activity.

Hepatoprotective Role of Propolis Extract to Prevent Hepatotoxic Effects of ATT in patients with Tuberculosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 2867-2869
Author(s):  
Asma Arshad ◽  
Saira Munawar ◽  
Rabia Sajjad Toor ◽  
Saba Saleem ◽  
Kanwal Sharif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Dose ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
P Value ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Propolis Extract ◽  
Measured Weight ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Objective: The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of propolis in hepatocytes injury caused by ATT due to isoniazid and rifampicin. Methods: Healthy albino rats of with average weight of 200-250g were under this study. These rats dividing into main four groups, A group is taken a control group and then further into the group B, group C, and group D as group for experiments. The control group had 15 rats with measured weight, they were given distilled water. Group B had 15 rats, they were given with standard dose of rifampicin and isoniazid. Group c had 15 rats, they were also given with standard dose of rifampicin and isoniazid. Group D had 15 rats, they were given with standard dose of rifampicin and isoniazid and also extract of the propolis we prepared. Results: Serum ALT in the experimental group B with group C, group D were also found to be of statistically significant with p-value < 0.001. ALT serum level observed high in group B. Multiple comparison between groups revealed that group B with a significantly increase in the serum enzyme AST level in comparison to group A, group C and group D with p-value <0.001. Conclusion: This study showed that ethanolic extract of propolis prevents isoniazid and rifampicin induced hepatotoxicity in the albino rats. Key words; Propolis, Anti-tuberculosis treatment, Hepato-toxicity.

To Study the Deteriorating Effects of Lithium Carbonate on Thyroid Gland - A Study in Albino Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3292-3293
Author(s):  
Tazeen Kohari ◽  
Zaffar Iqbal Malik ◽  
Aftab Ahmad ◽  
Rana M. Asad Khan
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Lithium Carbonate ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Human Thyroid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: The human thyroid gland is located in the front of neck. It consists of two lobes. The two lobes are joined with each other by isthmus. The mood stabilizer Lithium Caronate has deleterious effects on the thyroid gland. Aim: To observe and report the data of the harmful effect of Lithium on the weight changes of thyroid gland. Methods: Sixteen rats were selected for this experimental study. The rodents were divided into two groups. Group A comprised of eight animals which were given laboratory diet, Group B contained eight albinos who were given Tablet Lithium Carbonate in powder form at a dose of 60 mg/day for four weeks. After completion of the study time animals were sacrificed and thyroid gland weight were recorded and compared in both groups. Results: The results in both groups were recorded and compared .It was reported that Group B animals had a highly significantly decreased thyroid weight after four weeks Lithium ingestion than Group A control group. Conclusion: The results of our study concluded that Lithium Carbonate damages thyroid glandular tissue and causes its weight to decline. Key words: Thyroid gland, Isthmus, deteriorating

scholarly journals Inhibition ofα-Glucosidase by Thiosulfinate as a Target for Glucose Modulation in Diabetic Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulrahman L. Al-Malki
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzyme ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Postprandial Hyperglycemia ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Predisposing Factor

Postprandial hyperglycemia is a predisposing factor for vascular dysfunction and organ damage.α-glucosidase is a hydrolytic enzyme that increases the glucose absorption rate and subsequently elevates blood glucose levels. Garlic (Allium sativumL.) is a rich source of several phytonutrients, including thiosulfinate (THIO). The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of THIO, a potent inhibitor of intestinalα-glucosidase, to reduce postprandial blood glucose. Male albino rats were randomly assigned to five different groups (n=10/group). Group 1 served as the control group. Groups 2–5 were injected intraperitoneally with a single dose of streptozotocin (STZ) to induce diabetes. Group 2 comprised untreated diabetic rats. Groups 3 and 4 contained diabetic rats that were given THIO orally (20 mg/kg body weight/day and 40 mg/kg body weight/day, resp.). Group 5 was the positive control having diabetic rats treated orally with acarbose (10 mg/kg body weight/day; positive control). Diabetic rats treated with THIO displayed a significant blood glucose reduction (p<0.001and < 0.01 by analysis of variance, resp.) and a significant elevation in insulin compared with that of untreated rats. THIO is an effective noncompetitive intestinalα-glucosidase inhibitor that promotes hypoglycemic action (p<0.001) in STZ-injected rats. THIO is a promising agent for the management of postprandial hyperglycemia.

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