scholarly journals Geospatial analysis of vehicular emissions in some parts of Benin City, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 2071-2075
Author(s):  
S.D. Iyeke ◽  
I.R. Ilaboya ◽  
E.I. Abulu
Keyword(s):  
Kriging Interpolation ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Vehicular Emissions ◽  
Vehicular Emission ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Normality Test ◽  
Test Of Homogeneity ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Geostatistical Techniques

Decline in air quality over the years has been linked to the growing rate of urbanization and the increase in the number of vehicles plying the roads. The focus of this study is to monitor the incidence of vehicular emissions in some parts of Benin City and employ geostatistical techniques such as kriging interpolation to study the spatial distribution of some selected pollutants around the study area. Seven (7) georeferenced points, namely; University of Benin Main Gate, Ekosodin junction, Agen Junction, Super D junction, Nitel junction, Okhunmwun junction and Oluku Market junction were used for data collection. Pollutant from vehicular emission, namely; dinitrogen oxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO) including the total radiation were monitored in the morning and evening for a period of 35 days (7th July to 12th August 2020) with the aid of portable toxic gas monitors and radiation alert meters. Other parameters of interest which were also measured include; maximum temperature and wind speed using infra-red thermometers and portable anemometer. To ascertain the quality of the data, selected preliminary analysis, namely; test of normality, test of homogeneity, outlier detection and reliability test were done. Results of the study revealed a growing concentration of CO and NO2 around Ugbowo maingate and Okhunmwun community especially during the peak hours.

scholarly journals Emission dispersion modeling and geospatial analysis of vehicular emissions in some parts of Benin City, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-35
Author(s):  
Idowu R. Ilaboya ◽  
E. A. Otuaro
Keyword(s):  
Dispersion Model ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Kriging Interpolation ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Dispersion Modeling ◽  
Vehicular Emissions ◽  
Total Radiation ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Normality Test

Over the years, decline in air quality has been connected to the growing rate of urbanization and increasing number of vehicles on the roads. Most of the pollutants emitted from vehicular activities have been observed to have adverse effects on individuals as well as the atmosphere. Although, the focus of this study is to develop an emission dispersion model to predict the concentration of specific air pollutants with distance, the application of geostatistical technique such as Kriging interpolation to study the spatial distribution of pollutants from vehicular emissions around the study area was also exemplified. Seven (7) georeferenced points, namely, Ugbowo main gate, Ekosodin junction, Agen junction, Super D junction, Nitel junction, Okhunmwun junction and Oluku market junction were used for data collection. Pollutants from vehicular emissions, namely, nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO) including the total radiation were monitored in the morning and evening for a period of 35 days (7th July to 12th August 2020) with the aid of portable toxic gas monitors and radiation alert meters. Other parameters of interest, which were also measured include maximum temperature and wind speed using infra-red thermometers and portable anemometer respectively. To ascertain the quality of the data, selected preliminary analysis, namely, test of normality, test of homogeneity, outlier detection and reliability test were done. Result of the study showed a high concentration of NO2, CO and total radiation around Ugbowo main gate and Okhunmwun community and environs especially during the peak hours of evening (5.0 p.m. – 6.0 p.m.) when the traffic load is high.

scholarly journals Multivariate and Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Vehicular Emissions in Some Parts of Benin City, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
I. R. Ilaboya ◽  
E. A. Otuaro
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Vehicular Emissions ◽  
Vehicular Emission ◽  
Benin City ◽  
The People ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The Difference

Decline in air quality over the years has been linked to the growing rate of urbanization as well as an increase in the number of vehicles occasioned by the increased purchasing power of the people. Most of the pollutants emitted from vehicular activities have been observed to have adverse effects on individuals as well as the atmosphere. The focus of this study is to employ multivariate and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) based on maximum likelihood estimation, to study the incidence of vehicular emissions in some parts of Benin city metropolis. Seven (7) georeferenced points (University of Benin main gate, Ekosodin junction, Agen Junction, Super D junction, Nitel junction, Okhunmwun junction and Oluku market junction) were used for data collection. Pollutants from vehicular emission, namely; dinitrogen oxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO) including the total radiation were monitored in the morning and evening for a period (7th July to 12th August, 2020) with the aid of portable toxic gas monitors and radiation alert meters. Other measured parameters of interest include maximum temperature and wind speed. To ascertain the quality of the data, selected preliminary analysis, namely; test of normality, test of homogeneity, outlier detection and reliability test were done. With a calculated partial Eta squared based on Pillai’s trace of 0.325, it was concluded that; there exist about 32.50 % variability among the dependent variables. Based on the CFA results, it was concluded that the hypothesis formulated for multivariate analysis of variance fits the sample data. Therefore, the alternate hypothesis was rejected and it was concluded that; the difference in the concentration of vehicular emission was as a result of change in temperature occasioned by time of measurement.

scholarly journals Multivariate Analysis of Vehicular Emissions in Parts of Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 649-654
Author(s):  
I.R. Ilaboya ◽  
S.D. Iyeke ◽  
E.I. Abulu
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Morning Session ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Vehicular Emissions ◽  
Total Radiation ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Eta Squared ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

The focus of this study is to monitor the incidence of vehicular emissions in some parts of Benin City in addition to studying the spatial variation of the pollutant using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Seven (7) georeferenced sampling points were employed for data collection and gaseous pollutants such as; dinitrogen oxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO) including the total radiation were monitored in the morning and evening for 35 days with the aid of portable toxic gas monitors and radiation alert meters. Also measured were maximum temperature and wind speed using infra-red thermometers and portable anemometer respectively. From the result, it was observed that for temperature, the mean ± standard deviation during morning session was 30.549 ± 1.3716 and during evening season it was 28.879 ± 1.1788. For NO2, the mean ± standard deviation during morning session was 0.0181 ± 0.01119 and during evening season it was 0.0230 ± 0.01282. For CO, the mean ± standard deviation during morning session was 0.5428 ± 0.36396 and during evening season it was 0.6169 ± 0.32395. For total radiation, the mean ± standard deviation during morning session was 0.247 ± 0.1285 and during evening season it was 0.281 ± 0.1298. On the significance difference of the overall results, it was revealed that the difference in concentration of vehicular emissions during the early hours of the morning and peak hours of evening is significant. With a calculated partial Eta squared based on Pillai’s trace of 0.325, it was concluded that; there exist about 32.50% variability among the dependent variables.

Influence of vehicular emissions on metropolitan trees using chlorophyll contents

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 56-59
Author(s):  
Babatunde Saheed Bada ◽  
Adeleke Taofik Towolawi ◽  
Ireyimika Esther Oyegbami
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Matrix Analysis ◽  
Vehicular Emissions ◽  
Vehicular Emission ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Carbon Sequestration Potential ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Sequestration Potential ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Specific Reactions

The study assessed carbon sequestration potential of the identified trees {Gmelina, Mango, Neem, Masquerade, Step and Cassia} along the five selected roadsides in Abeokuta metropolitan. Leaves of the identified trees were plucked, digested in triplicate and analysed for chlorophyll (Ch) A, B and A+B contents using UV-visible spectrophotometer. Obtained data were subjected to descriptive and inferential statistics while correlation analysis for relationship between the analysed leaf Ch contents. Results indicated that leaf chlorophyll contents varied. The ranking of tree to metropolitan vehicular emission along roadsides was Neem < Gmelina < Mango < Masquerade tree. Correlation matrix analysis indicated that production of the Ch contents across the roadsides tree species was not alike and might be due to their specific reactions to vehicular emission. In conclusion, the order of Ch contents might be the tree species potential to withstand vehicular pollutants.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Kualitas Produk, Harga, Kualitas Pelayanan, Dan Store Atmosphere Terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-101
Author(s):  
Devina Martina Lieyanto ◽  
Bruno Hami Pahar
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
T Test ◽  
Test Reliability ◽  
Product Price ◽  
Normality Test ◽  
Store Environment ◽  
Quality Of Products

The development of culinary business in Indonesia, particularly in Surabaya, is growing and developing increasingly. Gatherinc Bistro & Bakery is one of the bistros in Surabaya and is located on Jalan Taman Puspa Raya A2 No. 11, Sambikerep, Surabaya. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of quality of product, price, quality of service, and store atmosphere on customer satisfaction at Gatherinc Bistro & Bakery Surabaya. The method used in this study is quantitative research by giving a questionnaire statement to 100 participants who are customers of Gatherinc Bistro & Bakery Surabaya. This research was tested using the Validity Test, Reliability Test, Classical Assumption Test (Normality Test, Multicollinearity Test, Heteroscedasticity Test), F Test, Multiple Linear Regression Test, Determinant Coefficient, and t test. In the t test, the research results showed that the variable quality of the product (X1) 1.648 < 1.985 with a significant level of 0.103 > 0.050, which means that quality of product has no significant effect on customer satisfaction at Gatherinc Bistro & Bakery Surabaya, variable price (X2) 0.176 < 1.985 with a significant level of 0.861 > 0.050, which means that price does not have a significant effect on customer satisfaction at Gatherinc Bistro & Bakery Surabaya, quality of service (X3) 3.755 > 1.985 with a significant level of 0.000 < 0.050, which means that quality of service has a significant effect on customer satisfaction at Gatherinc Bistro & Bakery Surabaya, and the store atmosphere (X4) 2.280 > 1.985 with a significant level of 0.025 < 0.050, which means that store atmosphere has a significant effect on customer satisfaction at Gatherinc Bistro & Bakery Surabaya. The conclusion of this study is that the product and price quality variables do not have a major impact on customer satisfaction because the quality of products and prices given by Gatherinc Bistro & Bakery Surabaya are not much different from other cafe or bistro in Surabaya, whereas the service quality and store environment variables at Gatherinc Bistro & Bakery Surabaya have an impact on customer satisfaction.

scholarly journals QUALITY OF LIFE DITINJAU DARI SPIRITUAL WELL-BEING PADA MAHASISWA KEPENDETAAN DI SEKOLAH TINGGI THEOLOGIA INJILI INDONESIA MEDAN-SUMATERA UTARA

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Delviana Buulolo
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Theological Seminary ◽  
Normality Test ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
Linearity Test ◽  
The Given

This study aims to find out relationship between quality of life and spiritual well-being. The hypothesis proposed in this study states that there is a positive relationship between quality of life and spiritual well-being, assuming that the higher is spiritual well-being, the higher quality of life will be and conversely the lower is the spiritual well-being, the lower will the quality of life be. The subjects of this study were 80 student on on the evangelical theological seminary of Indonesia Medan. Data were obtained from a scale to measure quality of life and spiritual well-being. The calculation was performed by testing requirements analysis (assumption test), which consisting of normality test and linearity test. Data analysis was performed by using Product Moment Correlation Analysis through SPSS 18 for Windows. The results of data analysis showed that  r = 0.405 and p = 0.000 (p < 0.05), which indicates that there is a positive relationship between quality of life and spiritual well-being. The results indicate that the contribution of the given variable, quality of life and spiritual well-being is 16.4 percent, while the remaining 83.6 percent is influenced by other factors not examined in this study. From these results, it is concluded that the hypothesis stating that there is a positive relationship between quality of life and spiritual well-being.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Residents’ Satisfaction with Building Features in Some Public Housing Estates in Benin City, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-125
Author(s):  
Kingsley Okechukwu Dimuna ◽  
Abiodun Olukayode Olotuah
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Housing Quality ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Neighbourhood Satisfaction ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Acceptable Quality ◽  
The Family ◽  
Housing Estates

Abstract Residential and neighbourhood satisfaction are important indicators of housing quality and conditions which affect individual’s quality of life. This study which was conducted in 2018 evaluated the level of satisfaction in terms building features in six completed and occupied housing estates in Benin city, namely the federal owned estate at Ikpoba hill, and state owned housing estates located at Ugbowo, Oregbeni, Oluku, Evboriaria and Iyekogba. Data were collected from 1000 heads of households and analysed using descriptive statistical tools, categorical regression and factor analyses. The findings showed that the building features significantly affect the level of resident’s satisfaction. The RSI scores for the relatively old estates; EDPA, Ikpoba hill and Oregbeni and are on the dissatisfied region (RSI: 1.1-2.00) while for the relatively newer ones; Andrew Wilson and Oluku, the RSI scores are on the satisfied level (RSI=. 3.1-4.00) with building features features. The study recommends that the design for future low cost housing should consider the family sizes of average Nigerian family, kitchen design that make use of cooking gas, kerosene and outdoor kitchen possible. The paper concludes that the buildings should maintain an acceptable quality standard in terms of functional spaces, structural stability and aesthetics as this will result to resident's housing satisfaction.

Demonstration of Intelligent Welding Machine for Polyethylene Pipe

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangte Xiang ◽  
Yurui Hu ◽  
Sheng Zeng ◽  
Jianfeng Shi ◽  
Jinyang Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Welding Process ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Welding Time ◽  
Constant Voltage ◽  
Welding Machine ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Composite Pipe ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Electrofusion (EF) welding is one of the most common connection methods for polyethylene (PE) pipe, as well as thermoplastic pipe and reinforced composite pipe. Conventional EF welding generally adopts constant-voltage welding mode. The welding machine outputs a constant welding voltage to heat the resistance wire within specific welding time. In our previous study, intelligent welding machine was designed to ensure the quality of the EF joint, based on the study of the temperature field in EF joint. In this paper, three experiments were used to show the difference between the intelligent welding machine and traditional welding machine. The intelligent welding machine can actively adjust the welding parameters to ensure the quality of EF joint even it was given the wrong welding voltage and welding time. Compared with the traditional welding machine, the intelligent welding machine can automatically control the maximum temperature and the depth of melting region in EF joint during the welding process, and this method applies for EF joints with various diameters or design welding parameters.

Temperature during the vibration-assisted compression of alfalfa

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-150
Author(s):  
Xiaoyu Wu ◽  
Shuai Yang ◽  
Chundong Song ◽  
Kun Ding ◽  
Chuanzhong Xuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Vibration Frequency ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Compression Time ◽  
Vibration Parameters ◽  
Reducing Energy ◽  
Compression Temperature

Compression of alfalfa into briquettes is an effective way to solve the problem of storage and transportation. In the process of compression, heat is generated and the temperature is raised in the material. In fact, the appropriate temperature can improve the quality of alfalfa briquettes and reduce the energy consumption of densification. In this study, the effect of assisted vibration on the compression temperature was tested. The results showed that when the vibration frequency was below 15 Hz, the temperature at the center and side in compressed alfalfa increased slowly with compression time. When the vibration frequency was above 20 Hz, it increased first and then decreased with the increase of time. Moreover, the maximum temperature value increased remarkably when the frequency was above 20 Hz. In the same vibration frequency and compression time, the center temperature in the compressed alfalfa was higher than the side temperature. The experimental results provide a reference for the determination of reasonable vibration parameters, and explanation of the effect of vibration on reducing energy consumption.

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