scholarly journals Post-neonatal tetanus in University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, North-eastern Nigeria

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-157
Author(s):  
MA Alhaji ◽  
RT Akuhwa ◽  
MG Mustapha ◽  
GM Ashir ◽  
Y Mava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Portal Of Entry ◽  
Primary And Secondary School

Background: Tetanus is a public health problem in Nigeria. This study examines the demographic and clinical profile of postneonatal tetanus (PNT) seen in University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital (UMTH), North- eastern Nigeria.Methods: This is a hospital-based prospective study of PNT. All childrenbeyond the neonatal period to 14 years of age admitted into the Paediatrics unit of UMTH, Maiduguri from June 2009 to July2011 with the diagnosis of PNT were studied.Results: A total of 39 cases of PNT were admitted over the period underreview. The male: female ratio was 2.3:1.0. Their ages at presentationranged between 16 months and 14 years, with mean +SD of 6.9+3.87 years. Over 90 percent of the children were either not immunizedagainst tetanus or their immunization status was unknown and onlytwo of the children were fully immunized. No booster immunizationwas received by any of the eligible children. The portal of entry of the infection was injury to the lower limbs and otogenic route in 53.9% and 33.3% respectively. Majority of patients were of low socioeconomicstatus. The duration of hospital stay ranged between 1-50 days with mean + SD (18.68+ 11.51).The mortality rate was (7)18 %.Conclusion: Tetanus still remains a major cause of childhood morbidityand mortality in Nigeria. Severe disease and the first one week of admission are the main variables identified to influence outcome.Therefore, there is need to strengthen routine immunization and booster doses of tetanus toxoid (TT) should be mandatory at primary and secondary school entry. Close monitoring of patients with severe tetanus during the critical period is imperative for successful management.

scholarly journals AB0287 HEMATOLOGICAL SIDE EFFECTS OF BIOLOGICAL THERAPY IN RHEUMATOLOGY: DATA FROM THE TUNISIAN REGISTER

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1442.2-1442
Author(s):  
H. Bettaieb ◽  
S. Boussaid ◽  
S. Jemmali ◽  
S. Rekik ◽  
E. Cheour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Blood Count ◽  
Biological Therapy ◽  
National Registry ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Therapy Initiation ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
The Mean

Background:During the last decade, the treatment of chronic inflammatory rheumatism (CIR) has been greatly improved with the advent of biotherapy.However, the use of biological treatment can lead to a number of side effects including abnormalities in the blood count.Objectives:The aim of this study was to assess the different hematological side effects of biological treatment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondyloarthitis (SA).Methods:This study included patients with RA (ACR/EULAR 2010) and SA (ASAS 2009) registred with the Tunisian Biologic National Registry (BINAR).Patients were followed and treated with biologics for 2 years of less. Clinical data relative to biological treatment, including haematological side effects, have been collected.Results:Two hundred and ninety-eight patients (178 women and 111 men) were included in the study.The mean age was 49.2 ± 14.1 years. The male/female ratio was 0.6. The mean diseases durations for RA and SA were respectively 6.7 ± 3.5 years and 6.5 ±3.6 years.Anti-TNFα agents were prescribed in 87.9% of patients (n = 263) with respectively: Infliximab (20.4%) Etanercept (23.1%), Adalimumab (24.6%) and Certolizumab (26.5%).Tocilizumab and Rituximab were prescribed in 10.4% and 5% of the patients, respectively.Blood count abnormalities were noted in 15.4 % of patients (n=46).Neutropenia was the most frequently anomaly met on the hemogram (9.1%) followed by anemia (3.4%) and thrombocytopenia (3%). Pancytopenia was found in 11.4% of patients (n=34).The median time between biological therapy initiation and the onset of hematologic manifestations was 4.8 months [1-12]. Biological treatment was interrupted in two patients.In the other cases, the biological treatment was maintained with close monitoring of blood cell count. No case of death related to these hematological disturbances has been reported.Conclusion:In our registry, hematological side effects of biological treatment were found in 15.4% of cases and were noted with a median delay of 4.8 [1-12] months after the treatment initiation. Further studies are needed to confirm our preliminary results.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Epidemiological study of fatal road traffic accident cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-257
Author(s):  
O Gambhir Singh
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Health Care Centre ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Female Ratio

The present study is an epidemiological study of fatal Road Traffic (RTA) cases brought and admitted in our tertiary health care centre from Nov 2017 to December 2019. There were 148 fatal RTA cases involving 112 males and 36 female. In the present study males cases outnumbered the female with an approximate male female ratio of 3.1:1. Many cases of fatal head injuries were due to four & two wheelers. Most commonly seen external injuries were abrasions. Lower limbs showed fractured in 31 cases, 20.95%, and upper limbs showed fractured in 22 cases, 14.89%. So, far case fatality is concerned involvement of head plays the most important role.

scholarly journals Prevalence and associated morbidities of preterm neonatal admissions at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, North-Eastern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Mustapha ◽  
P. Simon ◽  
B.I. Abdullahi ◽  
H.I. Abubakar
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Special Care ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Special Care Baby Unit ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Preterm Babies ◽  
The University

Introduction: Preterm delivery is of considerable concern to clinicians and researchers being a leading cause of infant morbidity and mortality in the industrialized countries and also contributes to substantial complications among survivors. Sub-Saharan Africa, including Nigeria accounts for significant proportion of preterm births, with over million deaths due to complication of prematurity. Objectives: The study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated morbidities of preterm deliveries at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, North-Eastern Nigeria. Patients and methods: This is a retrospective review of neonates delivered before 37 completed weeks of gestation and admitted into the Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU) of the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, from 1st January 2008 to 31st December 2015. Results: There were 3435 admissions into the Special Care baby Unit (SCBU) during the 8 year period. Out of these 1129 were preterm babies giving a prevalence of 32.9%. Of the 1129 preterm babies managed in SCBU, 714 case records were retrieved and analyzed giving a retrieval rate of 63%. There were 372 (52.1%) males and 342 (47.9%) females; with the male to female ratio of 1:1.08. There were 17(2.3%) extreme low birth weight  (<1000g), 288 (40.3%) very low birth weight (1000-1499 g), 406 (56.9%) low birth weight (1500- 2499 g) babies. The range of admission weights was 700-2500g with mean of 1600±900g. Conclusion: The burden, complications and mortality from preterm newborns remain significant public health challenges to care givers in Nigeria. Key words : Prevalence, preterm babies, associated morbidities, Maiduguri 

scholarly journals Pattern of childhood malignant tumours in two tertiary teaching hospitals in Nigeria: Comparative study

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-178
Author(s):  
UA Shehu ◽  
SA Adegoke ◽  
U Abdulsalam ◽  
M Ibrahim ◽  
OA Oyelami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Bone Tumours ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
Acute Leukemias ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Hospital Unit ◽  
Tertiary Teaching ◽  
Male To Female

Background: Cancer is a public health problem worldwide affecting all categories of persons. It is the second common cause of death in developed countries and among the three leading causes of death in developing countries.Objective: To compare the patterns of malignant childhood tumours intwo tertiary hospitals in the north- Western and South western Nigeria.Methods: Retrospective studies of childhood malignancies diagnosedat Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH), Kano and Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex (OAUTHC) (Ife Hospital Unit, Ile-Ife and Wesley Guild Hospital Unit, Ilesa, Osun state) were undertaken from January, 2001 to December, 2010. The patterns of childhood cancers inthese hospitals were compared.Results: Four hundred and ten children aged 7 months to 15 years were admitted at AKTH with malignancies of which 236 were males and 174 females with male to female ratio of 1.4:1. At OAUTHC, 568 children aged two months to 15 years were admitted with malignancies over the ten year period. There were 401 males and 167 females, with male to female ratio of 2.4:1. Lymphomas were the commonest type of malignancy in both centers, which accounted for 47.3% and 59.7% at AKTH and OAUTHCrespectively. Retinoblastoma was the second commonest tumour atAKTH constituting 14.9% of all malignancies followed by nephroblastomaand acute leukemias. In contrast, acute leukemias were the second commonest malignancy at OAUTHC accounting for 12.7% of all malignancies followed by retinoblastoma and nephroblastoma. Tumoursof central nervous system were observed to be commoner at AKTH, while bone tumours were commoner at OAUTHC.Conclusion: The pattern of childhood cancer varies rather little betweendifferent regions in Nigeria, with malignant lymphomas being the most common as is the case in most developing countries. However, the findings in this study suggest that there is variation in prevalence of leukemia, CNS and bone tumours in northern and southern Nigeria.Key words: Childhood, malignant tumours, pattern, teaching hospitals,Nigeria

scholarly journals Study of clinico-epidemiological profile of leprosy patients at tertiary care centre of South Gujarat region

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 355
Author(s):  
Kautuk K. Patel ◽  
Anjum M. Momin ◽  
Ankita A. Mistry ◽  
Jignesh B. Vaishnani
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
National Level ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Leprosy is a chronic feared illness causes by <em>Mycobacterium leprae</em>. It was eliminated as a public health problem in India in 2005. But still, India contributes more than 60% of all new cases of leprosy.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A retrospective analysis of 307 patients attending the leprosy clinic of the dermatology out patient department, SMIMER, was done for a period of five years from January 2014 to December 2018. The data was analysed for clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the patients.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 307 patients visited the leprosy clinic during the study period. More than half patients (60.3%) were between 21-40 years age group. There were 213 males and 94 females with male female ratio of 2.3:1. 72.3% (222) patients were suffering from multibacillary leprosy and 27.7% (85) had paucibacillary disease. Borderline tuberculoid leprosy was the most common type found in 83 patients (27.1%). 16 cases (5.2%) of childhood leprosy (less than 14 years of age) were noted. A total of 214 patients (69.7%) were migrants.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Despite of decline at global and national level, leprosy cases show gradual increase. The high proportion of total cases, MB cases, and grade 2 disability cases are warning signs. Continued efforts are required to manage and prevent the disease.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>

scholarly journals Evaluation of Biomarkers of Severity in Patients with COVID-19 Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 3775
Author(s):  
Akitaka Yamamoto ◽  
Hideo Wada ◽  
Yuhuko Ichikawa ◽  
Hikaru Mizuno ◽  
Masaki Tomida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Severe Stage ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Laboratory Biomarkers ◽  
Underlying Diseases

Object: Although many Japanese patients infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) only experience mild symptoms, in some cases a patient’s condition deteriorates, resulting in a poor outcome. This study examines the behavior of biomarkers in patients with mild to severe COVID-19. Methods: The disease severity of 152 COVID-19 patients was classified into mild, moderate I, moderate II, and severe, and the behavior of laboratory biomarkers was examined across these four disease stages. Results: The median age and male/female ratio increased with severity. The mortality rate was 12.5% in both moderate II and severe stages. Underlying diseases, which were not observed in 45% of mild stage patients, increased with severity. An ROC analysis showed that C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, procalcitonin (PCT), hemoglobin (Hb) A1c, albumin, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were significantly useful for the differential diagnosis of mild/moderate I stage and moderate II/severe stage. In the severe stage, Hb levels, coagulation time, total protein, and albumin were significantly different on the day of worsening from those observed on the day of admission. The frequency of hemostatic biomarker abnormalities was high in the severe disease stage. Conclusion: The evaluation of severity is valuable, as the mortality rate was high in the moderate II and severe stages. The levels of CRP, ferritin, PCT, albumin, and LDH were useful markers of severity, and hemostatic abnormalities were frequently observed in patients in the severe disease stage.

scholarly journals Snakebite frequencies and envenomation case management in primary health centers of the Bobo-Dioulasso health district (Burkina Faso) from 2014 to 2018

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabila Bamogo ◽  
Massamba Thiam ◽  
Achille Sindimbasba Nikièma ◽  
Fabrice Anyirekun Somé ◽  
Youssouph Mané ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Registry System ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Bobo Dioulasso

Abstract Background Snakebite envenomation is a significant public health problem in Burkina Faso. Our study describes the epidemiological and therapeutic aspects of snakebite cases at primary health centers in Houet Province, which is located in the western area of Burkina Faso. Methods We conducted a retrospective study of 664 snakebite cases occurring at 10 primary health centers in Houet Province from January 2014 to December 2018. Data were collected from the patient consultation recording database registry system. Results Affected individuals had a male/female ratio of 1.31. The lowest annual incidences (0.02 [95% CI –0.01 to 0.05] and 0.24 [95% CI 0.05 to 0.43]) were observed in the urban primary health centers of Bolomakoté and Sarfalao, respectively. Rural primary health centers in Nasso in 2016 and in Soumousso in 2014 had the highest annual incidence (13.80 [95% CI 7.59 to 20.00] and 3.92 [95% CI 2.99 to 4.86], respectively). Of the 664 registered snakebite victims, none received antivenom immunotherapy treatment. Conclusion Our study shows that snakebite envenomation incidents are common at the 10 primary health centers in Houet Province. Furthermore, despite the lack of antivenom and often inadequate treatment at these primary health centers, they remain the first point of care for snakebite victims.

Demographic and Clinical Profile of Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis in Teaching Hospital, Kurnool

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 976-980
Author(s):  
Radhika R ◽  
◽  
Pushpa Latha M ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
History Of ◽  
Key Words Allergy

Introduction: To describe socio - demographic and clinical profile of patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) and to assess the compliance of patients to the treatment of vernal keratoconjunctivitis. Materials and methods: Prospective study of 100 patients with VKC was done. Purposive sampling of 100 Patients with signs and symptoms of VKC were taken, who satisfy inclusion and exclusion criteria. Treatment was given depending on grade of disease. Results: Out of 100 patients 66 were Males and 33 were Females. Mean age at presentation was 9.4 years and 2 patients presented at the age of 28 and 30 year and 60% patients from rural area, 40% from urban. Family history of allergies was noted in 7% patient. History of chronic perennial disease was seen in 57% patients. Mixed form of VKC was seen in 66%, limbal form in 18% and palpebral form in 16%. 47% had mild and 10% had severe disease. Conclusion: VKC is a bilateral disease affects most commonly young males between ages of 6 to 10 years. Male: female ratio of 2:1. Association of family history of allergic disorders are less. For persistent severe disease needs frequent follow-up. KEY WORDS: Allergy, Compliance, Papillae, and Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis.

scholarly journals The Relationship of Amount of Resection and Time for Recovery of Bell’s Phenomenon after Levator Resection in Congenital Ptosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruchi Goel ◽  
Divya Kishore ◽  
Smriti Nagpal ◽  
Sparshi Jain ◽  
Tushar Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Levator Resection ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Bell's Phenomenon ◽  
Bell’S Phenomenon

Background: Recovery of Bell`s phenomenon after levator resection is unpredicatable. Delayed recovery can result in vision threatening corneal complications. Aim: To study the variability of Bell’s phenomenon and time taken for its recovery following levator resection for blepharoptosis and to correlate it with the amount of resection. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on 32 eyes of 32 patients diagnosed as unilateral simple congenital blepharoptosis who underwent levator resection at a tertiary care center between July 2013 and May 2015. Patients were followed up for 5 months and correction of ptosis, type of Bell`s, duration of Bell`s recovery and complications were noted. Results: The study group ranged from 16-25 years with 15:17 male: female ratio. There were 9 mild, 16 moderate and 7 severe ptosis. Satisfactory correction was achieved in all cases. Good Bell`s recovery occurred in 13 eyes on first post-op day, in 2-14 days in 19 eyes and 28 days in 1 eye. Inverse Bell`s was noted along with lid oedema and ecchymosis in 2 patients. Large resections (23-26mm) were associated with poor Bell`s on the first postoperative day (p=0.027, Fisher`s exact test). However, the duration required for recovery of Bell`s phenomenon did not show any significant difference with the amount of resection. (p=0.248, Mann Whitney test). Larger resections resulted in greater lagophthalmos (correlation=0.830, p<0.0001). Patients with recovery of Bell`s delayed for more than 7 days were associated with greater number of complications (p=0.001 Fisher`s Exact Test). Conclusion: Close monitoring for Bell`s recovery is required following levator resection.

scholarly journals Clinico-epidemiological study of leprosy from a North Indian tertiary care hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 518
Author(s):  
Mohammad Adil ◽  
Syed Suhail Amin ◽  
Mohd Mohtashim ◽  
Sabha Mushtaq ◽  
Mehtab Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Lepromatous Leprosy ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
One Year ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Leprosy was eliminated as a public health problem in India in 2005. Yet, more than 60% of all new cases of leprosy are reported from India.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A retrospective analysis of the records of patients attending the leprosy clinic of the Dermatology Out Patient Department was done for a period of one year from May 2017 to April 2018. The data was analysed for clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the patients.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 225 patients visited the leprosy clinic during the study period. Almost half of all patients (47.1%) were aged between 21-40 years. Among the patients were 32 children (14.2%) below 16 years. There were 60 patients (26.6%) suffering from paucibacillary disease and 158 patients (70.2%) had multibacillary disease. Seven patients (3.2%) presented with other forms of leprosy like historic leprosy and pure neuritic leprosy. Borderline lepromatous leprosy was found to be the commonest subtype seen in 86 patients (38.2%). There were 152 males (67.6%) and 73 females (32.4%). The male female ratio was 2.08:1. A total of 118 patients (52.4%) were from rural background and 107 (47.6%) hailed from urban areas. Multibacillary disease was seen in 83.6% of the total females compared to 63.8% of males.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Leprosy may be down but is not yet out. The high proportion of children diagnosed with leprosy is a warning regarding the active transmission of the disease in the community. Continued efforts are required to prevent the disease from making a resurgence.</p>

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