Aflatoxin B1 and Clinoptilolite in Feed for Laying Hens: Effects on Egg Quality, Mycotoxin Residues in Livers, and Hepatic Mixed-Function Oxygenase Activities

2003 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 860-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. RIZZI ◽  
M. SIMIOLI ◽  
P. RONCADA ◽  
A. ZAGHINI
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Complete Diet ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Mixed Function Oxygenase

Ninety-six laying hens were allocated to four groups administered different diets (group 0-0 received a complete diet, group 0-AF received a diet supplemented with 2.5 ppm of aflatoxin B1 [AFB1], group 2-0 received a diet supplemented with 2% clinoptilolite [CPL], and group 2-AF received a diet supplemented with 2% CPL and 2.5 ppm of AFB1) for 4 weeks to evaluate the effect of AFB1 and/or CPL on egg quality and the ability of CPL to interact with the oral administration of AFB1. The possible effects of AFB1 on cytochrome P450–dependent hepatic mixed-function oxygenase (MFO) activities were also evaluated. Mycotoxin reduced yolk weight, while CPL influenced albumen percentage relative to that of eggs laid by chickens in group 0-AF. Eggs laid by chickens in groups 0-AF and 2-AF had stronger shells and weighed less than the eggs of other groups. The eggs of treated groups were lighter in color than those of the control group (P < 0.01), and the tendency to yellowness in eggs was increased by CPL, probably through the affinity of red pigments for adsorbents and a consequent prevalence of yellow tonality. Color parameters might be connected with AFB1's interference with lipid metabolism and pigment deposition. The livers of hens in groups 0-AF and 2-AF showed very low mycotoxin concentrations that were significantly different (P < 0.01). The highest levels observed were those in the livers of the hens receiving the diet supplemented with the mycotoxin alone. AFB1 did not exert any significant effects on the hepatic MFO activities examined.

scholarly journals The effect of digitonin on egg quality, cholesterol content in eggs, biochemical and haematological parameters in laying hens

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 33-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Tůmová ◽  
H. Härtlová ◽  
Z. Ledvinka ◽  
A. Fučíková
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Mixture ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The aim of the present study was to describe the effect of digitonin on egg quality, cholesterol content in eggs, some parameters of serum lipid metabolism and blood picture of laying hens. The experiment was split into 3 groups (8 laying hens per group); group 1 was fed control feed mixture with 16.54% crude protein and 11.61 MJ ME, group 2 received control feed mixture with 0.01% digitonin and supplement of digitonin in group 3 was 0.025%. Digitonin in the amount 0.025% significantly (P≤ 0.05) reduced egg weight from 65.07 g in control group to 61.44 g in group 3, white weight (41.21 g vs. 37.96 g), and egg cholesterol content (13.64 mg/g vs. 12.95 mg/g of yolk). Digitonin significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increaced HDL cholesterol (0.43 mmol/l in control group to 0.59 mmol/l in group 3) and triglycerides from 13.47 mmol/l (control) to 16.90 mmol/l (group 3) in blood serum. Significantly (P ≤ 0.05) lower number of erythrocytes and MCV value in group 3 were observed.  

The effects of different protein levels in laying hens under hot summer conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehran Torki ◽  
Masoomeh Nasiroleslami ◽  
Hossein Ali Ghasemi
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
High Ambient Temperature ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Egg Mass

The objectives of the present study were (1) to determine the extent to which the crude protein (CP) content of laying hen diets can be reduced, based on performance criteria, and (2) to determine how egg quality traits and blood biochemical parameters are affected by changes in dietary CP under hot summer conditions. The requirements for egg mass (EM) and feed utilisation (FU) were estimated using quadratic equations and broken-line regression models. Laying hens were raised for a 12-week period (42–54 weeks) in wire cages under a high ambient temperature in an open-sided housing system. A total of 144 Lohmann LSL laying hens were assigned to four treatments with six replicates of six birds each. The four experimental diets (11.51 MJ ME/kg) varied according to four CP levels: normal-CP diet (Control, 16% CP) and low-CP diets containing 13%, 14%, or 15% CP. All diets were fortified with DL-methionine, L-lysine, L-threonine and L-tryptophan at levels sufficient to meet dietary requirements. The results showed that under high ambient temperature conditions, all productive performance traits of birds fed 15% and 14% CP diets were similar to those of birds fed a Control diet (16% CP), whereas feeding a 13% CP diet negatively affected (P < 0.05) EM and FU. Estimations of requirements were of 15.13% and 14.56% CP for EM, and 14.86% and 14.38% CP for FU using quadratic and broken-line models, respectively. Haugh units, blood uric acid levels and albumin levels were significantly lower in birds fed a 13% CP diet compared with the Control group. In contrast, yolk colour index and blood triglyceride level were higher (P < 0.05) for the hens fed the 14% and 13% CP diets than for birds fed the Control diet. Overall, hens consuming 14% and 15% CP diets performed equally as well as the high protein diet group under hot summer conditions.

scholarly journals Application of Selenium Conjugated to Animal Protein in Laying Hens’ Diet for the Production of Selenium-Enriched Eggs

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1224
Author(s):  
Kai Qiu ◽  
Youbiao Ma ◽  
Uchechukwu Edna Obianwuna ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Haijun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Organic Selenium ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Enhanced Production ◽  
Immune Capacity ◽  
Biochemical Indices

The current experiment was conducted to investigate the application effects of selenium conjugated to insect protein (SCIP) in the production of selenium-enriched eggs. A total of 450 laying hens were randomly assigned to five dietary groups, each group consisting of six replicates. Hens in the control group received a diet without selenium supplementation, whereas hens in the other four groups received diets supplemented with either 1, 2, 5, or 10 mg/kg of selenium from SCIP. The productive performance, egg quality, antioxidant and immune capacity, biochemical indices, intestinal morphology, and oviduct health of laying hens were evaluated. The results showed that the supplementation of organic selenium provided by SCIP in the diets of laying hens enhanced performance and egg quality without any toxicity effect, even at the 10 mg/kg inclusion level. A level of 2 mg/kg of selenium provided by SCIP in diets tentatively improved the serum antioxidant and immune capacity, intestinal development, and oviduct health of laying hens in a conspicuous manner. Hence, the biosafety and positive effects of SCIP as a feed additive supplement in laying hens’ diet have been demonstrated with the enhanced production of safe and selenium-enriched eggs.

scholarly journals Effect of Solanum gilo leaf extract on some haematological indices of albino Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-111
Author(s):  
Nsimah Monday Essien ◽  
Justina Nwadimma Nwangwa ◽  
Charles Cyprian Mfem ◽  
Johnbull Martins Uket ◽  
Efiok Aniekan Archibong
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Carbohydrate Consumption ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Haematological Indices

Solanum gilo (eggplant) is an edible vegetable whose leaf is reported to possess numerous medicinal properties due to its rich constituents. Against this backdrop, there is possibility that its consumption may have effect on haematological indices. Therefore this research sought to assess the effect of Solanum gilo leaf diet on some haemotological indices of albino wistar rats. About twenty four (24) albino wistar rats weighing between 120-150mg were randomly assigned into four groups of six animals each. Each rat was allowed to drinking water ad labitum. Control group received normal rodent chow while group 2 was fed 5% Solanum gilo diet. Group 3 was fed 10% Solanum gilo diet and group 4 received 20% Solanum gilo diet. The different diets were prepared by mixing different proportions of ground S. gilo leaves with rodent chow. Automated blood cell analyzer (Model PCE 210, Japan) was used for analysis of haematological parameters. Preliminary study on its proximate composition, showed the appreciable presence of crude fat, protein, fibre and carbohydrate. Consumption of S. gilo caused significant improvement in some blood parameters; notably packed cell volume (PCV), white blood cell (WBC) and platelet counts. Hence, eggplant is a nutritious vegetable with healing, the therapeutic and immunity properties. If exploited in human diet has the potentials of improving quality of life.

scholarly journals Paprika and/or marigold extracts in diets for laying hens

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cristina de OLIVEIRA ◽  
Wanessa Dutra da SILVA ◽  
Higor Castro OLIVEIRA ◽  
Eduardo de Queiroz Barros MOREIRA ◽  
Larissa de Oliveira FERREIRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Haugh Unit

SUMMARY This study was performed to evaluate the effect of the inclusion of paprika and marigold extracts in sorghum-based rations on the productivity and egg quality of laying hens. One hundred sixty laying hens were distributed in a completely randomized design in five treatments and in a factorial arrangement (2 × 2 + 1), one control ration based on corn, two levels of paprika extract (0 and 6 g/kg diet), and two levels of marigold extract (0 and 1 g/kg diet) in sorghum-based rations. There was no effect (P > 0.05) of the treatments on the weight, specific weight, and Haugh unit of the eggs and productive performance, but the inclusion of paprika extract resulted in eggs with lower egg pH. The interaction between the control group and the factorial was significant (P < 0.05) to the laying rate, egg mass, and yolk color, whose values were lower with sorghum-based diets with no pigment compared to control treatment. The interaction between the paprika and marigold extracts was significant increasing the height (P < 0.03) and color (P < 0.0001) of the yolk when paprika extract was used, with or without marigold extract. Marigold extract inclusion reduced the percentage (P < 0.02) and thickness (P < 0.01) of the eggshell. As conclusion, the inclusion of paprika extract in sorghum-based diets for laying hens is viable for improving the egg quality.

scholarly journals Influence of Linseed and Fish Oil on Metabolic and Immunological Indicators of Laying Hens

2008 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Švedová ◽  
L. Vaško ◽  
A. Trebunová ◽  
R. Kašteľ ◽  
M. Tučková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
The Third ◽  
Fish Group ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The metabolic and immunological indicators were determined in the blood of laying hens of ISA BROWN hybrid divided into three groups, the control group and two experimental groups. The administration of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the form of linseed (Group 1) and fish oil (Group 2) and α-tocopherol as antioxidant to laying hens resulted in a significant increase in concentrations of high density lipoproteins (HDL) cholesterol (P < 0.05), eicosapentaenoic (EPA), docosahexaenoic (DHA) and α-linolenic acids (AA) in blood in comparison to the control group. Significantly lower levels of cholesterol (CHOL) were determined in both experimental groups at the third sampling (P < 0.05) and arachidonic acid (AA) in the fish group (P < 0.01). The metabolic activity of phagocytes and polyclonal activation of lymphocytes showed no significant differences and remained within the physiological range. Oral administration of n-3 PUFA showed no significant increase of the immune response of experimental animals.

scholarly journals EDIBLEEGGQUALITYWHENIODINEISINTRODUCEDINTOLAYINGHENBODY

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
L.V. Rastopshina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Egg White ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Trace Element Deficiency

The Altai Region along with the regions of the Siberian Federal District belongs to the zone with trace element deficiency including iodine deficiency. The research goal was to study the effect of iodine on edible egg quality of laying hens of the Rodonit cross. At the final stage of egg-laying, 4 groups of 4 laying hens were formed. No iodine was administered to the hens of the 1st control group. Starch-based iodine product was administered to the birds of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th trial groups into the lower third of the neck, under the wing and into the rump area in a dose of 1.5 mg per head. The egg production intensity in the trial groups was higher by 21.3-28.8%. Egg weight in the 1st control group was 65.6 ± 1.33g which was lower than that in the trial groups by 4.4% (2nd group); 3.7% (3rd group) and 1.5% 4th group). All eggs belonged to “select” grade. The 3rd and 4th trial groups had less egg white by 3.8 and 2.7%; the egg-yolk content increases in the eggs of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th trial groups by 1.2%, 9.4% and 2.4%, respectively, and the eggshell weight by 1.2-9.4% as com-pared to the control. The ratio of egg white and egg-yolk weight in the eggs of the trial groups was lower than in the control group by 9.38-19.29%, but the ratio of egg-yolk to egg white was by 10.4-23.9% higher. The following indices were higher in the trial groups as compared to the control: egg white index -by 1.4-17.1%; egg-yolk -by 3.2-6.4%; Haugh unit -by 7.2-11.1%; eggshell thickness -by 3.9-8.3%. The best results were obtained with the administra-tion of iodine to the hens in the region of the lower third of the neck. The enrichment of the body of laying hens of the Rodonit cross with iodine makes it possible to obtain the profitability of edible egg production at the level of 28.6-41.0%.

scholarly journals The Effect of Clove Oil Supplementation in Laying Hen Diets on Performance, Egg Quality, Some Blood Parameters, and Yolk TBARS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2213-2218
Author(s):  
Melek Şehitoğlu ◽  
Hatice Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clove Oil ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Treatment Groups

In this study, it was investigated the effect of clove oil supplementation at increasing levels into laying hens’ diets on performance, egg quality traits, some blood parameters and yolk TBARS (Thiobarbituric Acid Reagent) values. For this purpose 96 Lohman white laying hens, 28 weeks of age, were divided into four treatment groups. Control group was fed with basal diet (C) and treatment groups were fed with diets formed by addition of clove oil at 50 ppm (CO1), 100 ppm (CO2) and 150 ppm (CO3), respectively. During the trial, feed and water were given as ad-libitum, and poultry house was illuminated for 17 hours. Experiment lasted for 13 weeks. Addition clove oil at increasing rates into diet did not affect the live weight. The data analysed as polynomial showed that supplementation of clove oil into layer diet linearly improved feed conversion ratio and increased the egg production. But, daily feed consumption, egg weight, damaged egg ratio and egg quality parameters were not affected by treatments. Serum parameters such as triglyceride, glucose, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and calcium were not affected by the clove oil supplementation. TBARS values in C, CO1, and CO2 were found higher than the CO3 group fed with diet including 150 ppm clove oil. In conclusion, clove oil at 150 ppm level in diets of laying hens could be used due to extend the egg shelf life and to decline serum cholesterol content.

scholarly journals Effects of feed supplementation with manganese from its different sources on performance and egg parameters of laying hens

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 147-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Venglovská ◽  
Ľ. Grešáková ◽  
I. Plachá ◽  
M. Ryzner ◽  
K. Čobanová
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Protein Hydrolysate ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Supplementation ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The objective of this study was to compare the effects of feed supplementation of laying hens with manganese from its inorganic and organic sources on performance and some parameters of egg quality. Ninety-six hens at 20 weeks of age were randomly allocated to 4 dietary treatments, each consisting of 6 replicates (4 birds per replicate). The control group was fed unsupplemented basal diet (BD) with only natural background Mn level of 46.4 mg/kg feed. For the three experimental treatments, the BD was supplemented with 120 mg Mn/kg either from Mn-sulphate or Mn-chelate of protein hydrolysate (Mn-Pro) or Mn-chelate of glycine hydrate (Mn-Gly). After 8 weeks of dietary treatments the egg production, egg weight, feed intake, and feed efficiency were not affected by dietary treatments. Regardless of the sources, Mn supplementation to feed resulted in significantly decreased percentages of cracked eggs compared to the unsupplemented control group. The thickness, weight, proportion, and index of eggshell were significantly elevated in all groups supplemented with Mn. The intake of Mn-Gly resulted in considerably increased Mn deposition in egg yolk compared to the control eggs. In the control and Mn-sulphate groups yolk malondialdehyde (MDA) started to increase after 20 and 30 days of egg storage respectively, whereas in eggs from hens given organic Mn-sources this parameter was not affected up to 40 days. Although there were no significant differences in MDA values between the treatments until 20 days of storage, the Mn-sulphate group showed significantly higher MDA concentration in yolks compared to the control group after 30 days of storage. These results demonstrate that supplementation of hens&rsquo; diet with Mn has positive effects on eggshell quality. Feed supplementation with Mn from organic sources appears to be more effective in preventing yolk lipid oxidation during cold storage of eggs than that from Mn-sulphate. &nbsp;

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