Occurrence and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Salmonella Species in Retail Meat Products

2010 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 1613-1617 ◽  
Author(s):  
SEZA ARSLAN ◽  
AYLA EYI
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Ground Beef ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
Retail Meat

In the present study, a total of 225 retail meat products (poultry meat, ground beef, and beef samples) were tested for the prevalence of Salmonella. Of these, 50 (22.2%) were positive for Salmonella. Overall, the pathogen was detected in 22 (29.3%) samples of poultry meat (n = 75), 16 (21.3%) samples of ground beef (n = 75), and 12 (16%) samples of beef (n = 75). The most common isolate was Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (9.8%), followed by S. bongori species (8.9%) and S. enterica subsp. diarizonae (3.5%). The Salmonella strains isolated were also examined for antimicrobial resistance patterns and production of β-lactamase enzyme. The resistance levels of the isolates against 14 different antimicrobial agents were tested by the disk diffusion method. None of the strains exhibited resistance to cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, or levofloxacin. However, the highest resistance rates in the meat isolates were 64% each for ampicillin and cephazolin and 56% for amoxicillin–clavulanic acid. A total of 62% of the 50 Salmonella strains were multiresistant to three or more antimicrobial agents. The exhibited multiple resistance to four or more antimicrobial drugs was 32%. Furthermore, none of the isolates had β-lactamase enzyme activity.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from pigs with respiratory clinical signs in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. e160956
Author(s):  
Maysa Serpa ◽  
Juliana Amália Fonte Bôa do Nascimento ◽  
Mirian Fátima Alves ◽  
Maria Isabel Maldonado Coelho Guedes ◽  
Adrienny Trindade Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Great Level ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Pig Farms

Antimicrobial resistance is a current and important issue to public health, and it is usually associated with the indiscriminate use of antimicrobials in animal production. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility profile in bacterial isolates from pigs with clinical respiratory signs in Brazil. One hundred sixty bacterial strains isolated from pigs from 51 pig farms in Brazil were studied. In vitro disk-diffusion method was employed using 14 antimicrobial agents: amoxicillin, penicillin, ceftiofur, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, chlortetracycline, doxycycline, oxytetracycline, tetracycline, erythromycin, tilmicosin, florfenicol, lincomycin, and sulfadiazine/trimethoprim. The majority of isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial agent (98.75%; 158/160), while 31.25% (50/160) of the strains were multidrug resistant. Streptococcus suis and Bordetella bronchiseptica were the pathogens that showed higher resistance levels. Haemophilus parasuis showed high resistance levels to sulfadiazine/trimethoprim (9/18=50%). We observed that isolates from the midwestern and southern regions exhibited four times greater chance of being multidrug resistant than the isolates from the southeastern region studied. Overall, the results of the present study showed a great level of resistance to lincomycin, erythromycin, sulfadiazine/trimethoprim, and tetracycline among bacterial respiratory pathogens isolated from pigs in Brazil. The high levels of antimicrobial resistance in swine respiratory bacterial pathogens highlight the need for the proper use of antimicrobials in Brazilian pig farms.

Antimicrobial Resistance of Listeria monocytogenes Isolated from Various Cabbage Farms and Packing Sheds in Texas

2002 ◽  
Vol 65 (11) ◽  
pp. 1796-1799 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANN MARIE PRAZAK ◽  
ELSA A. MURANO ◽  
IMELDA MERCADO ◽  
GARY R. ACUFF
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Multiresistant Strains ◽  
Multiresistant Strain

Twenty-one isolates of Listeria monocytogenes from cabbage, environmental, and water samples were evaluated for antimicrobial resistance by the disk diffusion method. Ninety-five percent (20 of 21) of the isolates tested were resistant to two or more antimicrobial agents. This finding is significant, since multiresistant strains of Listeria spp. are not commonly found in nature. Eighty-five percent (17 of 20) of the multiresistant strains were resistant to penicillin, and the remaining multiresistant isolates were somewhat sensitive to penicillin. A multiresistant strain showing intermediate sensitivity to penicillin was resistant to gentamicin. One isolate was susceptible to all antimicrobial agents except penicillin. Penicillin- and gentamicin-resistant L. monocytogenes have not previously been reported from human, food, or environmental samples. This study provides evidence of the emergence of multiresistant L. monocytogenes strains, pointing to an increase in the potential threat to human health posed by this pathogen.

scholarly journals Resistance of Salmonella spp. isolated from poultry meat to antimicrobial drugs

2021 ◽  
Vol 854 (1) ◽  
pp. 012042
Author(s):  
V Kalaba ◽  
T Ilic ◽  
B Golic ◽  
D Kalaba ◽  
Z Sladojevic
Keyword(s):  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Transfer Resistance

Abstract Uncontrolled use of antimicrobials in the prophylaxis and treatment of human and animal diseases leads to the appearance of residues in the environment and food. The use of antimicrobials as growth promoters in breeding affirms the importance of their residual finding in foods of animal origin. Bacteria of the genus Salmonella are one of the most common causes of food poisoning. All species of this genus are pathogenic to humans and cause various diseases known as salmonellosis. Humans can become infected through the faecal-oral route by consuming contaminated food and water or by direct contact with an animal. Salmonella that are resistant to antimicrobial drugs can transfer resistance genes to other microorganisms. In this work, the resistance of 10 Salmonella isolates from poultry meat to 8 different antimicrobial substances was examined by the disk diffusion method. All Salmonella isolates were sensitive to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and chloramphenicol. All isolates were resistant to amoxicillin and significant percentages were resistant to other antimicrobial drugs. Also, multi-drug resistance of Salmonella isolates was found. The best prevention of salmonellosis in humans is constant and comprehensive control of this hazard in food products during production, processing, storage, and sale.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Factors of Campylobacter coli Isolated from Chicken in Côte d’Ivoire

2020 ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
Goualié Gblossi Bernadette ◽  
Bakayoko Souleymane ◽  
Konan Marie-Pierre Laure
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Campylobacter Coli ◽  
Hand Detection ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Genotypic Analysis

Aims: Campylobacters species are major causes of gastroenteritis in human. The main risk factor of infection is consumption of contaminated or by cross-contaminated poultry meat. The aims of this study were to analyze antimicrobial profile and virulence factors associated to Campylobacter coli isolated from chicken’s ceaca in commercial slaughter in Abidjan. Methodology: A total of 336 chicken ceaca samples were collected from market of two municipality of Abidjan and were examined by conventional microbiological methods and molecular test using PCR. The antibiotic susceptibility tests of the isolates were determined by disk diffusion method the presence of virulence genes was examined using simple PCR method. Results: From these samples, 210/336 (62.50%) were positives for Campylobacter. Among the isolates, 53 strains confirmed as C. coli by using PCR detection were used for phenotypic and genotypic analysis. Of these strains, 51/53 were positive for one or more antibiotics molecules tested. The highest rate of antimicrobial resistance was found for nalidixic acid 51/53 (96.22%), tetracyclin 49/53 (92.45%) and ciprofloxacin 38/53 (71.69%). Moreover, MDR including 3, 4, 5 and 6 antibiotics families was detected in 11/53 (20.75%) of isolates. On the other hand, detection of virulence gene shows presence of cadF gene in 86.01% of isolates while 82.21% were positive for the three cdt (A, B and C) genes. Conclusion: We reported in this study the presence of high pathogenic Campylobacter coli contamination of the studied chickens. Molecular identification of the bacteria was performed and determination of high resistance to antimicrobials of the fluoroquinolone family was revealed.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA (P. AERUGINOSA) AND ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERNS AT A PRIVATE HOSPITAL IN SANA'A, YEMEN

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Alyahawi ◽  
Abdul Monem Alhomidi ◽  
Nawal Al-Henhena
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Resistance Patterns

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is clinically significant and opportunistic pathogenthat causes infections in hospitalized patients. Antibiotic resistance is a major concern in clinical practice. The ongoing emergence of resistant strains that cause nosocomial infections contributes substantially to the morbidity and mortality of hospitalized patients. Objective of present study was to estimate the prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the antimicrobial resistance patterns of P. aeruginosa isolates from hospitalized patients. The study was performed at microbiology department of a local hospital in Sana’a, Yemen. All the patients' samples of hospital departments from January, 2017 to December, 2017 were included. A Total of 2079 samples were collected during the study period. Among them, 193 strains of Pseudomonas spp. were isolated. One hundred ninety three isolates of P. aeruginosa were isolated from different clinical specimens and fully characterized by standard bacteriological procedures. Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of each isolates was carried out by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method as per CLSI guidelines. Majority of P. aeruginosa were isolated from Sputum, followed by urine specimens. The isolate pathogen showed the highest sensitive to Meropenem (85.5%), followed by Amikacin (80.5%), Imipenem (80.0%), and Piperacillin/tazobactam (77.2). The highest frequency of resistance (96.2%) was observed with amoxicillin /clavulinic Acid followed by cefuroxime 94.6%, ampicillin/ sulbactam 94.5%, Co-Trimoxzole 80.5%, and norfloxacin 54%. The result confirmed the occurrence of drug resistance strains of P. aeruginosa. Meropenem, imipenem, and amikacin, were found to be the most effective antimicrobial drugs. It therefore calls for a very judicious, appropriate treatment regimens selection by the physicians to limit the further spread of antimicrobial resistance P. aeruginosa.

Drug of Choice in the Treatment of Multiple Drug Resistant (MDR) Salmonellae Isolated from Wildlife in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 170-180
Author(s):  
O. O. Oludairo
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Salmonella Infections ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistant

Multiple drug resistant (MDR) strains of Salmonella are frequently encountered with increased rates in recent years. Many variants of the organism have developed MDR genes which they retain even when antimicrobial drugs are no more in use, limiting the choice of drugs for therapy of Salmonella infections resulting in morbidity and mortality in both man and animals and raising more public health questions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility of Salmonella spp. to twelve antimicrobial agents using the disk diffusion method. Eight Salmonella spp. isolated from wildlife were tested. All the isolates exhibited MDR, showing resistance to at least four and up to nine antimicrobial agents. They were all highly resistant (100%) to ceftazidime, cephazoline, cefuroxidine and ampicillin but were susceptible to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin. Six resistant patterns were observed, with ampicillin-cefuroxime sodiumcephazolin-ceftazidime and streptomycin-ampicillin-cefuroxime sodium-cephazolin-ceftazidime resistant patterns exhibited by two isolates each. The substantial multiple resistance pointed to the fact that limitations could be faced in choosing drugs for the treatment of Salmonella infections and that mortality and economic losses could be experienced especially if sensitivity tests are not carried out before antimicrobial choice is made for treatments in both man and animals.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance of lactobacilli isolated from food

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dušková ◽  
R. Karpíšková
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Starter Cultures ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Genus Lactobacillus ◽  
Fermented Dairy

Bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus are of great benefit in many areas of life. They are widely used in food industry, in particular as part of starter cultures for fermented dairy and meat products, but also in human and veterinary medicine as probiotics. The increasing global problem of antimicrobial resistance may also involve lactic acid bacteria because of the possible risk of resistance genes transfer. We determined the antimicrobial susceptibility of lactobacilli isolated from food. Ninety facultatively heterofermentative lactobacilli isolated from retail dairy and meat products were tested. The resistance to antimicrobials was screened by the disk diffusion method and the minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined by the broth microdilution method. Fifteen strains (17%) were resistant to at least one antimicrobial agent and one strain was multiresistant.

scholarly journals Antibiotic resistance pattern in pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from a private Medical College Hospital

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Mahmuda Siddiqua ◽  
Ahmed Nawsher Alam ◽  
Sonia Akter ◽  
Reena Saad Ferdousi
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an aerobic, motile, gram negative rod that belongs to the family, Pseudomonadaceae. They are often multidrug resistant due to intrinsic and acquired determinants. Continued emergence of resistance among P. aeruginosa to common antimicrobial drugs has been reported world-wide.Objectives: This study investigated the antimicrobial resistance as well as susceptibility patterns of isolates of P. aeruginosa in clinical specimens.Materials & Methods: One hundred and thirty-eight isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were obtained from 4489 different clinical specimens. Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of each isolate was carried out by the Kirby- Bauer disk diffusion method as per guidelines of Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI).Results: Majority of isolates of P. aeruginosa were obtained from specimens of wound swab 89 (64.5%), pus 18 (13.05%), and urine 17 (13.1%). The isolated pathogens showed high resistance (91% to 96%) to cotrimoxazole and cefuroxime. Resistance rates to cefepime, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, and gentamicin varied from 47% to 88%. All the isolates were comparatively better susceptible to meropenem, ciprofloxacin, amikacin and imipenem ranges from 76% to 87%.Conclusion: The results confirmed the occurrence of drug resistance of P. aeruginosa to anti-pseudomonal drugs. Imipenem, amikacin, ciprofloxacin and meropenem were found to be the most effective antimicrobial drugs. Therefore, judicious and rational treatment prescription is needed by the physicians to limit the further spread of antimicrobial resistance among the P. aeruginosa.KYAMC Journal Vol. 9, No.-1, April 2018, Page 16-19

Differentiation of Farmed and Wild Turbot (Psetta maxima): Proximate Chemical Composition, Fatty Acid Profile, Trace Minerals and Antimicrobial Resistance of Contaminant Bacteria

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 435-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Martínez ◽  
J.M. Miranda ◽  
C. Nebot ◽  
J.L. Rodriguez ◽  
A. Cepeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Trace Minerals ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Trace Mineral ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Psetta Maxima

The proximate, cholesterol, fatty acid and trace mineral compositions in the flesh of farmed and wild turbot (Psetta maxima) were evaluated. Additionally, the potential influence of the use of antimicrobial agents in the bacteria carried by farmed turbot was investigated. For this purpose, a total of 144 Pseudomonas spp. and 127 Aeromonas spp. were isolated and tested for their susceptibility to 12 antimicrobials by a disk diffusion method. Farmed turbot contained higher fat, cholesterol and calories as well as lower moisture content than its wild counterpart. The fatty acid profile of farmed turbot included higher levels of myristic, pentadecanoic, palmitoleic, gadoleic, cetoleic, linoleic, linolenic, stearidonic, eicosadienoic and eicosapentaenoic acids, and lower levels of stearic, arachidonic, docosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids than its wild counterpart. The proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids and n-3/n-6 ratios were higher in wild turbot than in farmed turbot. With respect to trace minerals, no toxic levels were found, and higher amounts of Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn, as well as lower amounts of Cr, were found in farmed turbot relative to wild turbot. The antimicrobial resistance of Pseudomonas spp. and Aeromonas spp. were quite similar, with only the trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole resistance of Aeromonas spp. isolated from farmed turbot being higher than those isolated from wild turbot. In the case of ampicillin, Pseudomonas spp. isolated from wild turbot showed higher resistance levels than those of their counterparts isolated from farmed turbot. In conclusion, the nutritional parameters of wild turbot are more adequate with respect to nutritional recommendations, while no differences were observed in food safety derived from trace mineral concentrations or the antimicrobial resistance of bacteria isolated from wild and farmed turbot.

scholarly journals Bacterial Exposure to Nickel: Influence on Adhesion and BioFilm Formation on Orthodontic Archwires and Sensitivity to Antimicrobial Agents

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 4603
Author(s):  
Andrej Pavlic ◽  
Gabrijela Begic ◽  
Marin Tota ◽  
Maja Abram ◽  
Stjepan Spalj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Nickel Titanium ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Orthodontic Archwires

The presence of nickel could modify bacterial behavior and susceptibility to antimicrobial agents. Adhesion and biofilm formation on orthodontic archwires can be a source of bacterial colonization and possible health hazards. Staphylococcus aureus was subjected to exposure and adaptation to various sub-inhibitory concentrations of nickel. Five strains of bacteria adapted to nickel in concentrations of 62.5–1000 μg/mL were tested for adhesion and biofilm formation on nickel-titanium archwires. Archwires were previously incubated in artificial saliva. Bacteria were incubated with orthodontic wire with stirring for 4 h (adhesion) and 24 h (biofilm formation). The number of adherent bacteria was determined after sonication and cultivation on the Muller-Hinton agar. Disk diffusion method was performed on all bacteria to assess the differences in antimicrobial susceptibility. Bacteria adapted to lower concentrations of nickel adhered better to nickel-titanium than strains adapted to higher concentrations of nickel (p < 0.05). Biofilm formation was highest in strains adapted to 250 and 500 μg/mL of nickel (p < 0.05). The highest biofilm biomass was measured for strains adapted to 250 μg/mL, followed by those adapted to 1000 μg/mL. Bacteria adapted to lower concentrations of nickel demonstrated lower inhibition zone diameters in the disk diffusion method (p < 0.05), indicating increased antimicrobial resistance. In conclusion, bacteria adapted to 250 μg/mL of nickel ions adhered better, demonstrated higher biofilm formation and often had higher antimicrobial resistance than other adapted and non-adapted strains.

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