indictment with the Thesmothetai and come into your court. [3] So intolerable did they find the prospect of people striking each other that they even passed the law on slander, which orders those who use any of the prohibited insults to pay a penalty of five hundred drachmas. How severe then should the penalties be on behalf of people who have suffered physical mistreatment, when your anger for the sake of those who have merely experienced verbal insult is evidently so great? [4] It will be amazing if you consider the people who were guilty of outrages under the oligarchy deserving of death but let off people who commit the same offences as they did under democracy. Rather the latter should in justice suffer a more severe punishment. For they are displaying their criminality more blatantly. If someone has the audacity to offend now, when it is not allowed, whatever would he have done when the people in control of the city were actually grateful to people who committed crimes of this sort? [5] Perhaps Lochites will try to make light of the issue, ridiculing the charge and claiming that I suffered no injury from the blows and my arguments are more serious than the events merit. However, for my part, if his actions contained no element of outrage, I should never have come to court. As it is, I have come here to obtain satisfaction not for the general injury sustained from the blows but for the insult and the dishonour. [6] These are the things which should stir the greatest anger in free men and should receive the heaviest punishment. And I see that you, when you convict anyone for sacrilege or theft, do not base your assessment on the magnitude of the theft but condemn all to death alike and believe that people who attempt such crimes should receive the same punishment. [7] You should adopt the same attitude toward people guilty of outrage and consider not whether the injury they inflicted was not severe but whether they broke the law, and punish them not merely for what actually happened but for their character as a whole. [8] You should bear in mind that often before now trivial causes have been the cause of great misfortunes, and in the past some individuals have been driven to such anger by people who dared to strike them that wounds, deaths, exiles and the gravest disasters have resulted. The fact that none of this has happened is not due to the defendant; no, as far as his actions are concerned it has all come about, and it is due to chance and my character that no irreparable calamity has occurred. [9] I think that the way for you to experience the anger which the issue

2002 ◽  
pp. 106-106
Keyword(s):  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
The Law ◽  
Severe Punishment ◽  
The City ◽  
The Way

COVID-19's Impact on Marginalized Populations and Support for the Future

2021 ◽  
pp. 99-111
Author(s):  
Gerry Flores Arambala
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Local Population ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Marginalized Populations ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
The City ◽  
Deep Sense ◽  
The Way

Years after the city of Ozamiz was freed from its previous political power predators, which paved the way for a radicalization of democracy in the city, the advent of COVID-19 pandemic again tested the city's politics. As the disease progressed in the Philippines over the past months, the local government of Ozamiz placed the entire city under strict community quarantine. The strict implementation of the lockdown measure did not meet any contestation from the local population. Despite some people fearing about their welfare, the city's local government ensured everybody of their subsistence and wellbeing. 'Radical means' was the city's attempt to stop the possibility of contagion in the whole vicinity. The radicalization of the city's politics has created a deeper sense of solidarity among the people pushing everyone to help achieve the goals set by its mayor in the fight against COVID-19. This chapter intends to elucidate how the radicalization of Ozamiz city's politics paved the way for a deep sense of solidarity among its population.

scholarly journals FORKLÆDTE PENGE: En diskussion af brugerbetaling i en gratis nicaraguansk folkeskole

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Rübner Jørgensen
Keyword(s):  
Social Consequences ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
School Expenditures ◽  
The People ◽  
The Status ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The City ◽  
The Way ◽  
Marginalized Families

On the basis of data collected during fieldwork in the city of León, Nicaragua, this article discusses the paradox of many Nicaraguan parents describing their children’s school as being free of charge despite the fact that they are frequently asked to pay for it. The article shows that, in spite of the constitutional definition of education as free and equal for all Nicaraguans, parents are often asked for economic contributions. By analysing the values surrounding the school I suggest that values of responsibility and solidarity influence the way that parents conceptualize their school expenditures and, in relation to this, confirm the status of the school as free. Furthermore, the article describes how Nicaraguan parents often compare the school to their home and describe the relation between teacher and students by using family terms. Inspired by the theory of the American sociologist James Carrier, I argue that this comparison, in addition to the values of responsibility and solidarity, further influences the way Nicaraguan parents and children experience their economic contributions. Finally, I argue that even though the users of the school describe it as free of charge, it remains necessary to recognize its economic aspects, since a lack of recognition can turn out to have important individual and social consequences for the people involved, especially, for the most economically marginalized families.  

evacuation of blood occurred at a time when I was in great pain and already despaired of, I might even have died from suppuration. As it was, it was this that saved me, the evacuation of blood. To prove that in this too I am telling the truth, and that I was subjected to illness such as to reduce me to a desperate condition, as a result of the blows I received from these men, read the doctor’s deposition and that of the people who visited me. Depositions [13] So the fact that the blows I received were not slight or insignificant but that I found myself in extreme danger because of the outrageous behaviour and the violence of these people, and so the action I have brought is far less serious than they deserve, this has I think been made clear to you on many counts. And I imagine that some of you are wondering what on earth Konon will dare to say in reply to this. Now I want to warn you about the argument I am informed he has contrived; he will attempt to divert the issue away from the outrage of what was done and reduce it to laughter and ridicule. [14] And he will say that there are many individuals in the city, the sons of decent men, who in the playful manner of young people have given themselves titles, and they call some ‘Ithyphallics’, others ‘Down-and-outs’; that some of them love courtesans and have often suffered and inflicted blows over a courtesan, and that this is the way of young people. As for my brothers and myself, he will misrepresent all of us as drunken and violent but also as unreasonable and vindictive. [15] Personally, judges, though I have been angered by the treatment I have received, my indignation and feeling of having been outraged would be no less, if I may say so, if these statements about us by Konon here are regarded as the truth and your ignorance is such that each man is taken for whatever he claims or his neighbour alleges him to be, and decent men get no benefit at all from their normal life and habits. [16] We have not been seen either drunk or behaving violently by anyone in the world, nor do we think we are behaving unreasonably if we demand to receive satisfaction under the laws for the wrongs done to us. We agree that his sons are ‘Ithyphallics’ and ‘Down-and-outs’, and I for my part pray to the gods that this and all else of the sort may recoil upon Konon and his sons. [17] For these are the men who initiate each other into the rites of Ithyphallos and commit the sort of acts which decent people find it deeply shameful even to speak of, let alone do.

2002 ◽  
pp. 96-96
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Decent People ◽  
Normal Life ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Great Pain ◽  
To Receive ◽  
The City ◽  
The Way

Economic Lirowth and Human Rights in Brazil: The First Nine Years of Military Tutelage

1973 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 208-213
Author(s):  
Brady Tyson
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Police Brutality ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Political Democracy ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
The Military ◽  
The City

This is an interim, summary and provisional judgment on the Brazilian experiment of the past nine years, that is, since the military took power on April 1, 1964. To try to give an impression of the results of the interaction among the values of political democracy, equality, and economic growth, and the present levels compared with those of 1964 as well as what appear to be the trends. I have chosen six “indicators”:(1)the autonomy and integrity of the legal system;(2)torture and police brutality;(3)freedom of the mass media;(4)income distribution patterns;(5)education distribution patterns; and(6)the quality of life of the people of the city of greater São Paulo.

Walk in the history of the city and its environs

10.12737/6572 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 20-33
Author(s):  
Наталья Гаршина ◽  
Natalya Garshina
Keyword(s):  
Excursion Theory ◽  
Transmission Of Knowledge ◽  
City Environment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Walking Tour ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City

Having a look at the tourist space as a cultural specialist, the author drew attention to the fact that the closest to the modern man is a city environment he contacts and sometimes encounters in everyday life and on holidays. And every time whether he wants it or not, it opens in a dif erent way. One way of getting to know the world has long been a walking tour. It’s not just a walk hand in hand with a pleasant man or hasty movement to the right place, but namely the tour, in which a knowledgeable person with a soulful voice will speak about the past and present of the city and its surroundings, as if it is about your life and the people close to you. Turning to the beginning of the twentieth century, the experience of scientists-excursion specialists we today can learn a lot to improve the process of building up a tour, and most importantly the transmission of knowledge about the world in which we live. Well-known names of the excursion theory founders to professionals are I. Grevs, N. Antsiferov, N. Geynike and others. They are given in the context of ref ection on the historical development of walking tours, which haven’t lost their value and attract both creators and consumers of tour services.

BUILDING THE PAST: MONUMENTS AND MEMORY IN THE FORUM ROMANUM

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Machado
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Political Consciousness ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Imperial Court ◽  
The City ◽  
The Way ◽  
Late Roman

Memory played a crucial role in the shaping of Late Roman political consciousness and identity. This is clear in the case of the city of Rome, where political, religious, and social transformations affected the way that the city’s inhabitants defined their relationship between themselves and with the imperial court. The area of the forum Romanum was intimately related to Rome’s history, and was therefore particularly appropriate for the construction of different ‘Roman memories’. The aim of this article is to discuss how the monuments built or restored in this area helped to define these memories and turn the past into a political argument.

scholarly journals The Hermeneutics Of Authentic Jurisprudence Of Gus Dur In Indonesia

Al-Risalah ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (01) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Moh Dahlan
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Legal Discourse ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Current Development ◽  
Arab Culture ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
The Law

This study aims to examine the existence of the hermeneutic thinking of ijtihad and authentic jurisprudence of Gus Dur in Indonesia. By using Martin Heidegger's hermeneutics, this study produces two conclusions: First, the authentic hermeneutic paradigm of ijtihad Gus Dur seeks to establish a dialectic between the discourse of the past text and the interpreter's current discourse so that the law of fiqih can produce the ultimate benefit of the people. Secondly, the authentic jurisprudence of Gus Dur has given the discourse of new fiqh relevant to the current development of polygamy law, marriage, zakat and the Islamic education system grounded in accordance with Indonesian culture, not Arab culture, so that he wants the earthing of legal discourse of jurisprudence instead of Arabization .

scholarly journals Nyanyian Adat Masyarakat Desa Longgar: Suatu Pendekatan Hermeneutika

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Nita Handayani Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Language Ability ◽  
Qualitative Description ◽  
Research Use ◽  
Important Thing ◽  
Local Language ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
Local Languages ◽  
The Way

The existence of folksong is an important thing for the Moluccas. It has functions as an entertainment and the way to deliver the events that existed in the past. This research discuss about jarjinjin and largula folksongs based on hermeneutics approach. The purposes of this research are to transcript and to understand the deepest meaning of the jarjinjin and largula folksongs, and to know the functions of those folksongs for the owner and the young generations. Jarjinjin and largula comes from Longgar village, Kepulauan Aru district, Maluku province. This research use qualitative description method. After transcripted and analyzed  the lyrics, the results show about the history of Longgar, Karey, and Gomu-Gomu village; the folksongs taught the people always remember the message of the ancestors in maintaining brotherhood and culture. For the owner, jarjinjin and largula made brotherhood relation closed beyond the villagers in Longgar, Karey, and Gomu-Gomu village; remaining the history of the ancestors; preservation of local languages; entertaining, because they have sang together and escorting by stampted drums and gongs; and maintaining and preserving the tradition. For young generations, they improved the knowledge about the history of Aru’s ancestors; practicing and demonstrating local language ability; reinforcing love of the history; and maintaining and preserving the tradition. Keberadaan nyanyian rakyat bagi masyarakat Maluku merupakan hal yang penting. Nyanyian rakyat berfungsi sebagai penghibur hati dan cara untuk  menyampaikan peristiwa-peristiwa yang ada di masa lampau. Penelitian ini mengkaji nyanyian adat yang berjudul jarjinjin dan largula dengan menggunakan pendekatan hermeneutika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mentranskripsi nyanyian adat jarjinjin dan largula, mengetahui makna yang terkandung di dalamnya, dan mengetahui fungsi kedua nyanyian adat bagi pemilik lagu dan generasi muda. Lagu jarjinjin dan largula merupakan nyanyian adat yang berasal dari Desa Longgar, Kabupaten Kepulauan Aru, Maluku. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Setelah melakukan transkripsi dan analisis terhadap kedua lirik-lirik lagu, diketahui kedua nyanyian adat tersebut menceritakan perjalanan sejarah nenek moyang desa Longgar, Karey, dan Gomu-Gomu. Selain itu, dalam nyanyian adat mengandung ajaran untuk selalu mengingat pesan leluhur dalam menjaga persaudaraan dan adat-istiadat. Fungsi bagi pemilik lagu yaitu mendekatkan hubungan persaudaraan antar masyarakat Desa Longgar, Karey, dan Gomu-Gomu; mengingatkan sejarah perjalanan leluhur; pelestarian bahasa daerah; penghibur hati, karena dinyanyikan secara bersama-sama dan diiringi alat musik tifa dan gong; dan menjaga serta melestarikan tradisi. Sedangkan fungsi lagu jarjinjin dan largula bagi generasi muda yaitu menambah pengetahuan terkait sejarah perjalanan leluhur masyarakat Aru; media melatih dan mempertunjukkan kemampuan berbahasa daerah; memperkuat rasa cinta terhadap sejarah masa lalu; serta menjaga dan melestarikan tradisi.

scholarly journals SPATIAL DETERMINISM AND TERRITORIAL PUBLIC ACTION IN FRANCE: CHALLENGES AND EVOLUTIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grégory BUSQUET
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Spatial Transformation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Urban Narrative ◽  
The People ◽  
Strategic Approach ◽  
Urban Project ◽  
The City

This article proposes a theoretical point of view in order to show the importance of the collective memory and the urban narrative in the strategic approach of the urban project. The capacity of a municipality to build a local narrative joining the past, the memory and the project, is examined in the second part of the article, in a case study of a collectivity confronted with the project of the Grand Paris and strong socio-spatial transformation since 1950. The conclusions of thirty deep interviews, conducted on the people involved in the city organization allow to differentiate legitimated and rejected places in the spaces of remembering, and the difficulties of this kind of municipalities to be pro active in the Grand Paris project.

scholarly journals CUTE IN CABINETS, KILLING KARAOKE GUIDELINES IN MAMPANG (MAYAT DALAM LEMARI , PEMBUNUHAN PEMANDU KARAOKE DI MAMPANG)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanda Eka Febyana
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Moral Norms ◽  
The People ◽  
Legal Sanctions ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Way

Murder is the act of eliminating life by breaking the law or not breaking the law. Murder is an act of non-humanity and violates religious norms. There are various kinds of background motives for an act of murder such as an economic motive, revenge until emotions are overlooked. Now the killings are not only committed by criminals, but now the rampant perpetrators of murder are the closest people. Death is divided into two, premeditated murder and unplanned murder. The planned murder of the perpetrator has prepared an assassination plan starting from the time until the way to kill is usually something like this happens because of the old revenge or the amount of wages to carry out this cruel act. while unplanned killing occurs because of pressure during the event or the presence of excessive emotions that can not control emotions. murder violates the first precept of the Pancasila "the supreme divinity" and violates the fifth precept "social justice for all the people of Indonesia" in addition to getting legal sanctions the perpetrators of murder get sins due to violations of religious nonsense, and are isolated by society for violating moral norms and politeness.

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