Dung and Stable Manure on Waterlogged Archaeological Occupation Sites: Some Ruminations on the Evidence from Plant and Invertebrate Remains

2016 ◽  
pp. 90-108
Keyword(s):  
Stable Manure

scholarly journals Study Sowing Grasslands Based on Red Clover with Perennial Grasses

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Denes DEAK ◽  
Ioan ROTAR ◽  
Florin PACURAR ◽  
Anca BOGDAN
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Stable Manure

Seeded lawns is one of the most important links in the process of improving the forage base, ensure feed quality with high productivity. Mixtures of red clover crops (Trifolium pratense) with perennial grasses (Lolium multiflorum, Phleum pratense and Poa pratensis) has high productivity due to better utilization of ecological niches of the biotope (ROTAR I.et al.). These crops has advantages like high content of protein because of the red clover, economy-based fertilizer nitrogen from atmospheric nitrogen fixation by bacteria Rhizobium spp. located in the root of legumes. These seeded pastures get a balanced feed nutrients (proteins, carbohydrates, lipids), have a high palatability. The species Trifolium pratense has a greater capacity to restore the soil structure and also the enrichment of the macro-elements, like phosphorus and potassium (CARLIER L., et. al). Our experience took place in the village Simonesti, Cobătesti village of the Harghita county. The experimental field was located respecting the experimental technique rules in randomized blocks with a technique that includes three variants based on red clover plus a perennial grass (Lolium multiflorum, Poa pratensis and Phleum pratense). Every version was fertilized with two types of fertilizer: one liquid (gull) and one solid (stable manure) in four different doses in all three variants. The doses were: V1 = 0 gull; V2 = 5 t / ha gull; V3 = 10 t / ha gull; V4 = 20 t / ha gulle and V1 = 0 stable manure; V2 = 10 t / ha stable manure; V3 = 30 t / ha stable manure and V4 = 50 t / ha stable manure. In our studies we present the influence of fertilization with gull and stable manure on yield of green mass of all three variants. In general, both gull fertilization with manure favors grasses at the expense of installing legumes. The higher doses of fertilizer increase, the share of participant of grasses increases.

PENGARUH PUPUK ORGANIK DAN ANORGANIK ZA DAN SP 36 TERHADAP HASIL DAN MUTU TEMBAKAU TEMANGGUNG PADA TANAH ANDISOL

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
DJAJADI DJAJADI ◽  
M. SHOLEH ◽  
NUNUNG SUDIBYO
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Ammonium Sulphate ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Stable Manure ◽  
Grade Index

Effect of organic (biogrcen) and inorganic fetilizers (ammonium sulphate and SP36) on the yield and quality of the temanggung tobacco in andosol soil was studied at Galapansari - Temanggung, from Februai to December 2001. The organic and inorganic fetilizers were formulated in 10 packages, namely : (1) 570 kg ammonium sulphate (AS) ♦ 100 kg SP36; (2) the recommended rate for temanggung tobacco (20 000 kg stable manure 500 kg AS + 100 kg SP36; (3) 5 000 kg organic fetilizer (OF); (4) 7 500 kg OF; (5) 8 500 kg OF; (6) 10 000 kg OF; (7) 12 500 kg OF; (8) 14 500 kg OF; (9) 7 500 kg OF + 3 500 kg sUble manure (SM); (10) 7 500 kg OF + 4 500 kg SM. All the rates of fetilizers were based on one hectare planted area (16 500 plants) The expeiment was designed as a randomized block in four replicates. Results showed that organic fertilizer waa more effective than stable manure in improving die growth, yield and quality of temanggung tobacco. A the rate of 5 000 kg was sufficient to produce high ( 6 313 kg fresh or 800 kg sliced died leaves), grade index (51.68) and crop index (55.31). Key words : Organic fetilizer, ammonium sulfate, SP36, temanggung tobacco, andisol

Effect of pH, temperature, amount of litter and storage density on ammonia emissions from stable manure

1996 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Dewes
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Ammonia Emission ◽  
Ammonia Emissions ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Proteolytic Bacteria ◽  
Stable Manure ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Two Peaks ◽  
And Storage

SUMMARYIn laboratory tests using stable manure consisting of wheat straw and slurry, ammonia emission was found to have two peaks corresponding to the population dynamics of proteolytic bacteria and amino acid-degrading bacteria respectively. Cumulative ammonia emissions over 14 days were 0·8–23·2% of the initial total nitrogen (Nt) and were both abiotically and biotically induced. Changes in pH had the most significant effect on the abiotically induced ammonia emissions. After 14 days of decomposition, at pH values of 6·0 and 7·5, abiotically induced emissions remained close to the limit of detectability, whereas at pH 9·0 as much as 9·8% of the initial Nt was lost. An increase in storage pressure from 0 to 400 and 800 kp/m2 generally decreased the biotic emissions to 9·6, 2·8 and 2·3%; while increasing the amounts of litter (2·5, 5·0 and 15·0 kg straw/LAU per day) led to a decline not only in the biotic (17·1, 12·8, 3·5%) but also in the abiotic emissions (6·1, 5·5, 1·6%). Varying the temperature (20, 30 and 40 °C) resulted in biotically induced emissions of 7·9, 11·7 and 11·6%, respectively, and abiotically induced emissions of 1·1, 1·4 and 2·2% of the initial Nt. At temperatures of 30 and 40 °C, the amount of microbially digested sources of carbon available was obviously sufficient to permit almost total reincorporation of NH4+ from 4 days onwards.

scholarly journals Nitrogen and Crude Proteins in Beetroot (Beta vulgaris var. conditiva) under Different Fertilization Treatments

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko PETEK ◽  
Mirjana HERAK CUSTIC ◽  
Nina TOTH ◽  
Sanja SLUNJSKI ◽  
Lepomir COGA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Stable Manure ◽  
Set Up

The research aim was to determine the influence of different organic and mineral fertilization treatments and post-harvest treatments on the content of nitrogen and crude proteins in the edible part of beetroot (Beta vulgaris var. conditiva). A field trial (2003-2005) was set up in a hilly part of Croatia according to the Latin square method with four types of fertilization (control, 50 t ha-1 stable manure, 500 and 1000 kg ha-1 NPK 5-20-30), while treatments involved harvested fresh beetroot and stored fresh beetroot. The highest dry weight (DW) content was determined in climatologically favourable 2004 (average 14.8% DW) and in the treatment with 1000 kg ha-1 NPK 5-20-30 (15.6% DW) in harvested beetroot. In 2004 and 2005, the highest levels of nitrogen and crude proteins in harvested beetroot were determined in the treatment with 1000 kg ha-1 NPK 5-20-30 (2.41 and 2.43 g N kg-1 in fresh weight and 15.07 and 15.21 g crude proteins kg-1 in fresh weight, respectively). Regardless of fertilization treatment or studied year, nitrogen and crude protein contents were higher in stored than in harvested beetroot, by 12% on average. The lowest crude protein content was determined in treatment with stable manure what confirmed that protein content decreased by organic fertilization. It can be concluded that beetroot lost some water during the storage period, which increased its content of nitrogen and crude proteins in fresh weight and thus increased the nutritional quality of beetroot as a functional food.

scholarly journals Circulation of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Phylogenetic Group B1 Strains Between Calve Stable Manure and Pasture Land With Grazing Heifers

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard S. van Overbeek ◽  
Jan H. Wichers ◽  
Aart van Amerongen ◽  
Herman J. W. van Roermund ◽  
Patricia van der Zouwen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Phylogenetic Group ◽  
Pasture Land ◽  
Stable Manure

scholarly journals Town Stable Manure: Its Chemical Composition and the changes it undergoes on keeping

1905 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Dyer
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Peat Moss ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Stable Manure ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Representative Samples ◽  
Future Reference

The use of town stable manure enters so largely into the economy of farms, and especially market-gardens, situated within fairly easy distance of London or other large cities, that it is somewhat curious that but little information has been published in this country as to its chemical composition. In fact, with the exception of a couple of analyses made by myself as long ago as 1889, which were published at the time in the Mark Lane Express, and subsequently reprinted in Aikman's book on “Manures and Manuring,” I do not remember to have seen any analyses of London manure. The samples which were the subject of these analyses were collected from a very limited number of stables, some of which were littered with peat moss and others with straw, the object at the moment being to compare the manure produced with the two kinds of litter. I have more recently however made some fairly full analyses of two more representative samples of London manure, but before proceeding to give these it may be desirable to reprint in this place, for future reference, the old analyses just mentioned.

scholarly journals The pH-reaction of the peat in long-term soil improvement and fertilizing trials at the Leteensuo experimental station

1962 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yrjö Pessi
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Soil Improvement ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Stable Manure ◽  
Plough Layer ◽  
Sphagnum Bog ◽  
Nitrate Fertilization

The investigation is a report on the pH-reaction in the plough layer of the soil improvement and fertilizing tests carried on at the Experimental Station of Leteensuo during several decades. The tests were located on two areas with a peat layer consisting of Sphagnum peat with pH 3.3, derived from S. fuscum moss in one case, and of forest sedge peat with pH 4.1 in the other. The clay and sand employed as soil improving agents had pH 5.9 and 4.4, respectively. The effect of liming has proved to be relatively prolonged on Sphagnum bog as well as on fen soil. In the test with different rates of lime addition on Sphagnum bog, the pH value was found to increase linearly with the lime quantity. Addition of mineral soil has produced a remarkable increase in pH. Its effect, too, has been highly prolonged. In spite of their different inherent reactions, the sand and clay have exerted largely similar effects on the pH value of the plough layer. Stable manure possesses an effect resulting in an increase of the pH value and this value is also increased by calcium nitrate fertilization, whereas fertilizing with potassium salt and with superphosphate or fine-ground rock phosphate did not affect the reaction of the peat in any noteworthy and distinct degree.

scholarly journals Karakterisasi Plasma Nutfah Kangkung

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Yenni Kusandriyani ◽  
NFN Luthfy
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Stable Manure ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
Program Description ◽  
Research Institute

<p>Characterization of Ipomoea reptans germplasm collection were done in order to describe the accessions and to utilize as working collection materials for breeding program. Description was aimed to identify the new collections of 15 accessions I. reptans which were taken from IVEGRI (Indonesia Vegetable Goverment Research Institute) germplasm collection. The experiment was carried out in Subang station (100 m asl) in dry season 2002. Each accession were planted 40 plant per plot of I. reptans with plant distance 20 x 30 cm. The plants of were fertilized with stable manure 20 t/ha and NPK (15 : 15 : 15) 500 kg/ha. The result of the study was a description of genetic resources that will be exchanged and utilized in breeding for high yielding varieties of I. reptans with better quality.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Karakterisasi plasma nutfah kangkung dilakukan untuk mendapatkan deskripsi sifat tanaman dan sebagai bahan working collection yang akan digunakan sebagai bahan dalam program pemuliaan. Penelitian mencakup 15 nomor aksesi kangkung di Kebun Percobaan Subang (100 m dpl) Jawa Barat pada musim kemarau 2002, tiap nomor dari masing-masing aksesi ditanam sebanyak 40 tanaman. Tanaman diberi pupuk kandang domba dengan takaran 20 t/ha dan NPK (15 : 15 : 15) 500 kg/ha. Hasil penelitian ini menghasilkan deskripsi plasma nutfah tanaman kangkung untuk pertukaran informasi mengenai sumber genetik yang akan digunakan dalam pemuliaan untuk mendapatkan varietas unggul dengan kualitas yang lebih baik.</p>

scholarly journals Experimental testing of some types of biologically degradable materials for processing in the SBM mechanical plant for hydrothermal treatment

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
P. Junga ◽  
E. Krčálová ◽  
K. Somerlíková ◽  
J. Mareček
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Treatment ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Wood Chips ◽  
Thermal Hydrolysis ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Plant Model ◽  
Stable Manure ◽  
Degradable Materials ◽  
Mechanical Plant

The SBM (stabiliser of biomass) mechanical plant model is designed for the hydrothermal treatment of biologically degradable materials with using the principle of thermal hydrolysis. The primary task of this equipment is to subject biologically degradable materials to hydrothermal treatment and to recover the materials for a further use or to eliminate them. These entities could use the mechanical plant for economic and environment-friendly methods of handling biologically degradable wastes or materials. The objective of the experiment with various types of biologically degradable materials was to establish the level for the transformation of input characteristics of tested materials after conversion in the SBM mechanical plant and to assess the suitability of the processing by using this method with respect to the use of the final product. Materials tested in the first experiments included stable manure heated or unheated during the processing and maize silage wastes in mixture with wood chips.

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