Resistance and Work in Adolescent Groups

2018 ◽  
pp. 71-81
Author(s):  
Dermot J. Hurley
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Groups

Effects of Differences in Numeric Ability on the Perception of Adversity Risk to Others and Self

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Coy Callison ◽  
Rhonda Gibson ◽  
Dolf Zillmann
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessments ◽  
High Ability ◽  
News Report ◽  
Bodily Injury ◽  
Adolescent Groups ◽  
Study Participants

This study used an experimental news report about confrontational robberies by adolescent groups in Mexican resorts that presented statistics with or without personalized cases of victimization. Study participants estimated the risk of harm to victims and the extent of their suffering. They also indicated their own risk and concern for their own safety. The readers’ numeric ability was ascertained thereafter. A trisection of this ability showed that persons of high ability comparatively overestimated others’ risk but underestimated their own; this despite indicating greater concerns for their own safety. These results were not altered by consideration of the readers’ empathic, experiential, and rational traits. The incorporation of personalized cases of victimization in the news report did not appreciably influence risk assessments. The involvement of cases resulting in major bodily injury, however, increased estimates of the incidence of such robberies.

Self-reports of emotional distress in a sample of urban black high school students

1982 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 809-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen W. Freeman ◽  
Karl Rickels ◽  
Emily B. H. Mudd ◽  
George R. Huggins ◽  
Celso-Ramon Garcia
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Emotional Distress ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Self Report ◽  
School Students ◽  
Hopkins Symptom Checklist ◽  
Adolescent Groups ◽  
High Distress

SynopsisEmotional distress as assessed by the self-report Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL) was examined in a sample of 607 urban black high school students aged 15–18. These adolescents reported high distress primarily about feelings of disadvantage, volatile anger, interpersonal sensitivity and loneliness. Females were significantly more likely than males to indicate emotional distress, although several of the leading distress items were endorsed equally by both groups. Male and female scores across the HSCL factors differed in degree rather than form. The great majority of these adolescents didnotreport significant emotional distress. These data provide a base from a non-clinical sample for comparison with other adolescent groups where emotional distress may play a role.

scholarly journals Stigma as a barrier to family planning use among married youth in Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-519
Author(s):  
Aparna Jain ◽  
Hussein Ismail ◽  
Elizabeth Tobey ◽  
Annabel Erulkar
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Principal Component Factor Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adolescent Groups ◽  
Anticipated Stigma ◽  
Youth Friendly Service

AbstractNearly 33 million female youths have an unmet need for voluntary family planning (FP), meaning they are sexually active and do not want to become pregnant. In Ethiopia, age at marriage remains low: 40% and 14% of young women aged 20–24 were married by the ages of 18 and 15, respectively. Despite increases in FP use by married 15- to 24-year-olds from 5% in 2000 to 37% in 2016, unmet need remains high at 19%. Supply-and-demand factors have been shown to limit FP use, yet little is known about how stigma influences FP use among youth. This study validates an anticipated stigma (expectation of discrimination from others) index and explores its effect on unmet need. A cross-sectional survey was implemented with 15- to 24-year-old female youth in Ethiopia in 2016. The analytic sample included married respondents with a demand (met and unmet need) for FP (n=371). A five-item anticipated stigma index (Cronbach’sα=0.66) was developed using principal component factor analysis. These items related to fear, worry and embarrassment when accessing FP. The findings showed that 30% agreed with at least one anticipated stigma question; 44% had an unmet need; 58% were married before age 18; and 100% could name an FP method and knew where to obtain FP. In multivariate regression models, youth who experienced anticipated stigma were significantly more likely to have an unmet need, and those who lived close to a youth-friendly service (YFS) site were significantly less likely to have an unmet need. Interventions should address anticipated stigma while focusing on social norms that restrict married youth from accessing FP; unmet need may be mitigated in the presence of a YFS; and the anticipated stigma index appears valid and reliable but should be tested in other countries and among different adolescent groups.

Adolescent Pragmatic Skills

1996 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Brice ◽  
Judy Montgomery
Keyword(s):  
Academic Failure ◽  
Bilingual Students ◽  
Esl Students ◽  
Speech Language Pathologist ◽  
Adolescent Groups ◽  
Pragmatic Skills ◽  
Esl Instruction ◽  
Pragmatic Feature ◽  
Screening Scale ◽  
Pragmatic Performance

The purpose of this study was to compare the pragmatic performance of students from two adolescent groups—students receiving. English as a second language (ESL) instruction versus bilingual students receiving speech-language (BSL) therapy. A pragmatics screening scale (i.e., the Adolescent Pragmatics Screening Scale, Brice, 1992a) was used to measure pragmatic performance. The findings of this study indicated that the BSL students different from the ESL students in expressing thereselves, establishing greetings, initiating and maintaining conversations, listening to a speaker, and cueing the listener regarding topic changes. Both groups of students had difficulties regulating others through language. Thus, even language-infact students may have some difficulty acquiring the Euro-American pragmatic feature of language. Academic failure and possible school dropout may result for the BSL students as a result of their difficulties. Implications of this study for the speech-language pathologist and other school professionals are given.

Self-reported social and personal experiences of adolescents with ADHD

1998 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle K. Tracey ◽  
Gaye Gleeson
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Peer Rejection ◽  
The Social ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
Adolescent Groups ◽  
Subjective Perspective ◽  
Inattentive Type ◽  
Interpersonal Concerns

AbstractIn the predominantly sociometric approach used to investigate the social and personal experience of adolescents with ADHD, teachers, parents, peers, or observers rate their perception of the sociol relationships experienced by the adolescent with ADHD.The adolescent's subjective perspective of his or her situation has been largely ignored.The present study examined self-reported peer rejection, peer-related loneliness, coping “strength”, and interpersonal concerns experienced by 84 adolescents: 22 with ADHD Predominantly Inattentive Type (ADHD-PI), 19 with ADHD Predominantly Hyperactive Type (ADHD-PHI), and 43 nondisordered adolescents. The adolescents, from southwest Sydney, attended mainstream schools.Adolescents with ADHD-PI reported significantly less manageability and less concern about others' feelings and about relationships with others than did nondisordered adolescents.Adolescents with either ADHD-PI or ADHD-PHI reported significantly less global sense of coherence and significantly more peer-related loneliness than did nondisordered adolescents. No significant difference was reported between the adolescent groups on measures of comprehensibility, meaningfulness, and concern about being rejected and humiliated. These contrasting self-reported profiles of the social and personal experience of adolescents with ADHD and nondisordered adolescents have implications for researchers and practitioners.

scholarly journals Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis in Portugal: A Multicentre Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Sofia Correia ◽  
Luís Augusto ◽  
Joana Meireles ◽  
Joana Pinto ◽  
Ana Paula Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Oligoclonal Bands ◽  
Childhood Onset ◽  
Multicentric Study ◽  
Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Adolescent Groups ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Pleocytosis

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis is most often diagnosed among young adults but less frequently it may present during childhood or adolescence. In Portugal, there has been only one previous single-center, pediatric multiple sclerosis study. The main objective was the evaluation of the demographic, clinical, laboratorial and neuroradiological characteristics of patients with pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis in Portugal. The secondary objectives were to compare the characteristics of childhood-onset multiple sclerosis and adolescent-onset multiple sclerosis and to characterize the treatments prescribed.Material and Methods: We performed a retrospective observational, multicentric study. We reviewed data of all patients with multiple sclerosis younger than 18 years at the onset of their first multiple sclerosis symptoms.Results: There were 46 patients (72% female) included with a mean age at diagnosis of 16.1 years. Six cases had childhood-onset and 40 cases had adolescence-onset. The median value of Expanded Disability Status Scale was two. Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis was most prevalent (98% of cases). In the cerebrospinal fluid study, 74% of patients had positive oligoclonal bands. Brain magnetic resonance imaging studies showed a predominant supratentorial involvement (98% of cases), whereas the cervical segment was the most frequently affected in the spinal cord. All the patients enrolled in the study underwent immunomodulatory therapy, 75% ofpatients with beta-interferon. Concerning differences between the childhood and the adolescent groups, we found a greater proportion of male patients and of individuals with cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis among the childhood-onset group.Discussion: This study provides new data on pediatric multiple sclerosis characteristics in Portugal and our results are similar to previously reported data in other parts of the worldConclusion: This is the first multicentric study characterizing pediatric multiple sclerosis in Portugal. The mechanisms underlying the particularities of pediatric multiple sclerosis remain largely unknown and further studies are required.

The Relationship Between Oral Language and Reading in English-Only, Proficient Bilingual, and Emergent Bilingual Adolescents

2019 ◽  
pp. 112-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Becky H. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Oral Language ◽  
English Language ◽  
English Language Proficiency ◽  
Emergent Bilinguals ◽  
English Only ◽  
Adolescent Groups ◽  
Language Assessments ◽  
Reading Measures ◽  
The Relationship

The chapter examined the English language and reading outcomes and the relationship between language and reading for two bilingual adolescent groups (Proficient Bilinguals and Emergent Bilinguals) and their English-only peers (n = 78 total). Participants completed a variety of English language assessments, and their scores from a standardized accountability reading assessment were collected from their teachers. Results from the study showed that Proficient Bilinguals performed comparably to their English-only peers in all language and reading measures, suggesting that simply being bilingual does not detract from adolescents' English language proficiency. Furthermore, the relationships between oral language and reading differed as a function of participants' English language proficiency. Oral language skills correlated with reading for both bilinguals and English-only adolescents, but the relationships were more robust for bilinguals than for English-only adolescents. Finally, the relationship between speech production and reading was significantly only for Emergent Bilinguals and not for Proficient Bilinguals.

Text messaging: one step forward for phone companies, one leap backward for adolescence

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa LaBode
Keyword(s):  
Text Messaging ◽  
Late Adolescence ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Late Adolescent ◽  
Developmental Issues ◽  
Social Settings ◽  
Adolescent Groups ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Developmental Characteristics ◽  
Sexual Exploration

Abstract The increasing popularity of text messaging has made this mode of communication the preferred interaction portal for teens. Virtually every teenager has a cell phone with an un­limited text messaging plan. Text messaging easily facilitates communication between individuals without much interruption into daily life. After administering a survey to ten early adolescents and ten late adolescents, the effects of this technology are manifested across many developmental characteristics. Communication, responsibility, and relationships all seem to be negatively influenced by the use of text messaging. This pattern is seen in both early and late adolescent groups. Developmentally, different characteristic features categorize early and late adolescence, yet it seems the use of text messaging is propelling early adolescence forward by removing the consequences of awkward face-to-face interactions. This early onset of late adolescence results in having very young teens, 12 and 13 year olds, showing increased interest in romantic relation­ships and sexual exploration. The anxiety and uneasiness felt by early teens about speaking with others has led to deficits in the ability to communicate in social settings, which could prove troublesome later. This study looks at only a few developmental issues associated with text messaging use among teens. It would be relevant and appropriate to study other ways that text messaging affects our youth in addition to exploring the more long-term effects of using this technology.

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