scholarly journals Was John B. Watson Inspired by Anna Wyczółkowska and Her Studies in the Mechanism of Speech?

ORGANON ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 5-27
Author(s):  
Cezary W. Domański
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
University Education ◽  
Thought Process ◽  
Psychological Review ◽  
Social Commitment ◽  
Animal Psychology ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Internal Speech

In 1913, an article by Anna Wyczółkowska entitled Theoretical and experimental studies in the mechanism of speech was published in the Psychological Review. It contains the results of her studies on internal speech and thought, which had been carried out by the author seven years earlier, in the psychological laboratory of the University of Chicago. John B. Watson was a participant in the study. Wyczółkowska believed that Watson was inspired by her research. Thanks to his participation, he gradually began to move away from his original interest in animal psychology, towards behaviourism. In his Behaviorist Manifesto published in the same year, Watson took, as one of the arguments for the rightness of his programme, the assumption that the thought process is really motor habits in the larynx, improvements, short cuts, changes, etc. According to Wyczółkowska, it was obviously inspired by her research. Her aforementioned article is still cited in the psychological literature today, and belongs to the canon of the most important early experimental studies in the field of research on thinking and speech processes. This text discusses the relationship between the research conducted by Wyczółkowska and some assumptions of behaviourism. Furthermore it presents the story of Wyczółkowska’s life, her scientific work, social commitment to women’s university education, and activities in the Polish American community.

A University Education

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Willetts
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
University Education ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The University ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Universities have a crucial role in the modern world. In England, entrance to universities is by nation-wide competition which means English universities have an exceptional influence on schools--a striking theme of the book. This important book first investigates the university as an institution and then tracks the individual on their journey to and through university. In A University Education, David Willetts presents a compelling case for the ongoing importance of the university, both as one of the great institutions of modern society and as a transformational experience for the individual. The book also makes illuminating comparisons with higher education in other countries, especially the US and Germany. Drawing on his experience as UK Minister for Universities and Science from 2010 to 2014, the author offers a powerful account of the value of higher education and the case for more expansion. He covers controversial issues in which he was involved from access for disadvantaged students to the introduction of L9,000 fees. The final section addresses some of the big questions for the future, such as the the relationship between universities and business, especially in promoting innovation.. He argues that the two great contemporary trends of globalisation and technological innovation will both change the university significantly. This is an authoritative account of English universities setting them for the first time in their new legal and regulatory framework.

scholarly journals Las políticas supranacionales de educación superior ante la «tercera misión» de la Universidad: el caso del aprendizaje-servicio

2020 ◽  
pp. 256
Author(s):  
Juan García-Gutiérrez ◽  
Carlos Corrales Gaitero
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Third Mission ◽  
Social Commitment ◽  
Social Mission ◽  
The Social ◽  
American Citizenship ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship

The constant transformation that the institutions of higher education experiment and, particularly, the university assumes a re-consideration of their shapes, methodology, and missions, as well as the relationships established with society. Therefore, we shall consider that a “social mission” of the university or their “third mission” constitutes an umbrella that shelters a wide diversity of reflex conceptions, and at the same time, the relationship university – society. Additionally, take into consideration that this civic and social commitment in higher education should incorporate an integrator approach, involved with an idea of European or Latin-American citizenship, in any case, incorporated in the development of their supranational policies. Therefore, the objective of our work is double. On one side, to meet and analyze the notion of a “social mission” or “third mission” of the university and their conceptual network, to clarify the language and in which sense the different denominations are used, according to the different economical, sustainability or civic approaches to be adopted. Secondly, the treatment of these ideas will be addressed at the supranational policies of higher education both in Europe and Ibero America, according to what had been structured at the Higher Education European State and whether it has been promoted by the OEI. Also, it will be attended the way that this supranational policy aboard the civic and identity components, that linked to the social mission cooperate for the promotion of common citizenship. As a result of the analysis made we can affirm that the approach of the learning-service constitutes an emergent tendency on a global scale, appropriate to develop effectively the third mission or social mission of the university.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Status of Entrepreneurship in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Fallah ◽  
S. Saffarian ◽  
Majid Hassanzade
Keyword(s):  
Social Needs ◽  
University Education ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Nowadays, universities are not only the place for producing knowledge, but also they must take steps to adopt global standards in order to play their role in meeting social needs. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the impact of university education globalization on entrepreneurship and Knowledge-Based companies and presenting the model. Materials and Methods: The present study is a descriptive-analytical type with two qualitative and quantitative phases. In the qualitative phase of the research, six experts and professionals related to the research topic selected by snowball sampling method were interviewed and the data obtained from these interviews was analyzed by using Strauss and Corbin's three-step coding method, and the related questionnaire was designed. In the quantitative phase, a researcher-made questionnaire was provided for 384   University professors   of the universities of Medical Sciences of Ferdowsi, and Azad university of Mashhad, selected by stratified random sampling. Descriptive and inferential statistics and SPSS-19 and Smart PLS-3 software were used to analyze the data. Results: According to the research findings, 293 participants were men and almost half of them had a bachelor's degree. Also, the significance level for the relationship between the university educations globalization and entrepreneurship, the relationship between the university education globalization on the development of Knowledge-Based companies and, finally the relationship between entrepreneurship and the development of Knowledge-Based companies were reported less than 0.05, as a result of which it can be said that there is a significant relationship between these variables. Conclusion: Regarding the role of Knowledge-Based companies in the economic and scientific development of countries and the impact of universities on supporting these companies, it is suggested that universities, by approximating themselves to the global criteria, play their role in advancing this route.

scholarly journals Verso il restauro

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio De Vita
Keyword(s):  
Final Stage ◽  
University Education ◽  
University Faculty ◽  
The World ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
Specific Discipline ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

The book brings together critical considerations and experiences linked to the work of the author, lecturer in restoration at the Florence University Faculty of Architecture, as supervisor of degree theses on restoration. The reflections concern teaching Restoration as a subject, the conditions within which the knowledge and culture of restoration can ripen within our universities and the most recent problems encountered by both the discipline and restoration projects. In the first part of the publication, these aspects are set out in broad and more precisely conceptual and methodological terms in chapters and themed paragraphs which also act as a guide to drawing up degree theses on restoration, as well as a contributing to the didactics and efficiency of the specific discipline. This is followed by a selection of degree theses on restoration discussed in recent years which show the route from the principles, general problems and intervention criteria for every case study to drawing up a project. They are projects that deal with analysis methods and techniques, surveys, specialist restorations, regeneration, and the relationship between old and new. In short, the projects are what gave the final stage in the university education meaning and substance, also in order to acquire fundamental keys to restoration culture and activities in the world after university.

scholarly journals Driving institutional change: challenge based learning for the University of the 21st Century

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Mas ◽  
Lluís Pastor ◽  
Marta Merino ◽  
Loles González ◽  
Toni Martínez-Aceituno
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Training Needs ◽  
University Education ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
Lifelong Learners ◽  
Training Models ◽  
Challenge Based Learning ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship

The main challenge faced by higher education is overcoming the gap between university education and the demands of society and the professional world. This gap cannot be accounted for merely in terms of a shortcoming in the relationship between the competencies of academic programmes and the real training needs of lifelong learners, but also involves the mismatch between the design of training models and students' expectations. The UOC has launched the PLA-Niu project in response to this problem. It aims to transform the subjects in the University's programmes into activities designed strictly based on competencies which are aimed at resolving challenges inspired by the professional sphere; to implement a new means of selecting, designing and managing learning resources based on content curation for learning, organising it into specific aggregators for each activity; and to provide a system that enables the production and organisation of training in an agile, flexible and personalisable manner. In this paper, we set out the experience of applying the PLA-Niu in the University as a whole, and present its characteristics, explain the strategies and measures involved in its implementation, and share the reflections of those involved from a critical perspective.

1. “Bringing to Presence That Which Is Other”: Religious Discourses, Public Pedagogy, and the University Classroom

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 11-30
Author(s):  
Seán Henry
Keyword(s):  
Religious Identity ◽  
Public University ◽  
Religious Discourse ◽  
Religious Language ◽  
University Education ◽  
Public Pedagogy ◽  
The Public ◽  
University Life ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship

<?page nr="11"?>Abstract The relationship between religion and higher education is often characterized by anxieties around religion in the university classroom. These concerns frequently leverage around the assumption that religion is necessarily contentious for the public university, either because of the need to resist the exclusionary privileging of religions in public spaces, or because of sensitivities around the preservation of traditional religious orthodoxies in increasingly pluralist times. Interestingly, both approaches to the relationship between religion and university education rest on the assumption that religion is fundamentally immutable, incapable of contestation, re-interpretation, or change. With the view to moving past the limits of such perspectives, I suggest that religious language and symbol (as two features of religious discourse) are far more poetic, fluid, and open-ended than is often assumed, and that it is precisely this open-endedness that underscores the possibility of engaging pedagogically with religion in the context of the university classroom. In this regard, I trace the affinities between the open-endedness of religious discourses and the “publicness” of pedagogy, suggesting that both registers open up possibilities for new ways of existing and relating in the world that are at once activist, experimental, and demonstrative. I conclude by reflecting on how these affinities offer resources for recalibrating what we mean by student “becoming” at the interface between religion and the university <?page nr="12"?>classroom. I forward the view that the poetry of religious discourses offers students the chance to “become” in ways that unpredictably expand and disrupt the limits of religious identity and tradition, and in this way undermine the inevitable alignment of religion with either exclusion or preservation in the context of university life. Student becoming, understood in these terms, becomes less a matter of forming students into a streamlined understanding of religious identity in the context of the university, and more a matter of providing spaces for students to relate to such identities in potentially interruptive and public-facing ways.

scholarly journals The Role of Business Intelligence in Administrative Development at King Abdulaziz University

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (13) ◽  
pp. 77-110
Author(s):  
أ. محمد بن عبدالله العمري أ. محمد بن عبدالله العمري
Keyword(s):  
Business Intelligence ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Administrative Development ◽  
King Abdulaziz University ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
Intellectual Production ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship

this study aimed at clarifying the concept of business intelligence and what is meant by administrative development, and to know the role of business intelligence in administrative development at King Abdulaziz University. Also, to explain the relationship between them, the extent of its application in the university, and providing solutions and proposals that contribute to that. The study adopted the descriptive approach and data was collected by reviewing the existing intellectual production in the field of study. Preparing a questionnaire as a tool and distributing it electronically, (46) who entered the study (administrative leaderships at King Abdulaziz University) responded to it. The most important result of this study is the existence of an interrelated relationship between business intelligence and administrative development. The perceptions of the study sample came to the extent of applying business intelligence in administrative development in an average way. Also, there is a great importance for training in business intelligence practices in administrative Development processes. This study recommends supporting and adopting senior management and making more effort to apply business intelligence in accomplishing administrative operations. As well as giving high importance to training on business intelligence and sending informational and awareness messages to leaders at the university. And the need to seek to keep abreast of developments of business intelligence techniques to carry out and update. Further experimental studies reflecting business intelligence applications in local organizations recommend this, to find out the level and constraints of applying business intelligence.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Service Expectations and Service Quality in University Education

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 68-70
Author(s):  
Tran Hoang Minh
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
University Education ◽  
Student Service ◽  
Education Environment ◽  
Service Expectations ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Human Resource Education

Along with the rapid development of the scientific and technological revolution, the countries face many opportunities and challenges brought by globalization. Especially with Vietnam, a developing country, challenges are posed in many fields such as policy, infrastructure, labor, human resource education, information technology, finance. Creating high-quality human resources is urgent at present and in the future in Industry 4.0. However, the education of human resources in universities still has some limitations, and management levels have not adequately recognized the relationship between student service expectations about services that higher education institutions have. The study will provide. Therefore, this study will clarify the relationship between the two above problems in the university education environment.

scholarly journals Introduction of Pedagogical Technology of Prognostic Competence Formation of Computer Sciences’ Future Bachelors in the University Education Practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2 (340)) ◽  
pp. 223-234
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Proshkin ◽  
◽  
Viktor Sharavara ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Training ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
University Education ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
First Semester ◽  
Education Practice ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
The University

The article presents the stages of pedagogical technology introduction of prognostic competence formation of Computer Sciences’ future bachelors in the university education practice. The first stage is motivational-target, its purpose is to form students' awareness of prognostic competence importance as a guarantee of successful professional activity realization (mainly during the first semester of study). Stage second is activity. The purpose is to form a system of knowledge on prognosis, skills, and abilities to implement prognostic activities (mainly during the II – III semesters). Stage III is evaluative-reflexive, its purpose is to analyze the formation of students’ prognostic competence in the process of professional training (mainly the IV semester). The content of the discipline of choice «Prognostic activity in the field of information technology» is revealed. Its purpose is to form in students a set of theoretical knowledge and methodological foundations in the field of forecasting analytics, as well as practical skills necessary for the application of prognostic in professional activities. The digital tools for the realization of pedagogical technology in the conditions of distance education are given. The main directions of research work realization of students for the formation of prognostic competence are revealed: participation in work of a scientific circle on actual problems of programming «Computer systems»; involvement of students in non-formal education and implementation of independent research through courses on open online platforms; fulfillment of research tasks; participation in scientific competition events (student competitions, contests, conferences, exhibitions, workshops that stimulate individual creativity of students and the development of the system of scientific work at the university).

scholarly journals THE EFFICIENCY OF THE APPLICATION OF SPSS IN HIGHER EDUCATION TEACHING: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 273-278
Author(s):  
Jelena S. Osmanović Zajić ◽  
Jelena Ž. Maksimović
Keyword(s):  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
University Education ◽  
Statistical Education ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Pedagogical Research ◽  
Education Of Students ◽  
The University

Acquiring statistical education is a prerequisite for the professional and scientific work of every pedagogue. Institutional support for the statistical education of students is a fundamental starting point in the development of research competencies necessary for a future pedagogue. The subject of this study was focused on examining the effectiveness of the application of a program for statistical data processing in teaching. The research aimed to examine whether students gained adequate knowledge in the field of Statistics in Pedagogical Research by applying the experimental factor SPSS in teaching. This means that the use of the SPSS program may significantly facilitate the acquisition of theoretical and practical knowledge pertaining to the field of statistics in pedagogical researches. The objective was to analyze whether using the SPSS software as part of university education would yield better knowledge of statistics than teaching without it. This objective was accomplished by analyzing the differences in the respondents’ scores on the knowledge test using the pre-test and the post-test groups of students. Three generations of pedagogy students at the Faculty of Philosophy, the University of Nis in Serbia, participated in the experimental research. The results showed statistically significant differences in the participants’ achievement in the initial and final tests.

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