scholarly journals Ideological Counter-Narrative as a Response to Fundamentalist Ideology in Europe and South Asia. An Analysis of Selected Cases in Their Cultural Context and an Outline of Recommended Activities

2021 ◽  
pp. 87-107
Author(s):  
Piotr Kłodkowski ◽  
Anna Siewierska-Chmaj
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Islamic Fundamentalism ◽  
Counter Narrative ◽  
Present Complex ◽  
The World ◽  
Sayyid Qutb ◽  
Muslim Communities ◽  
Complex Phenomena

The article discusses the issues of religious radicalisation and de-radicalisation in contemporary Islam. Its authors present complex phenomena of ideological, historical, cultural and political contexts of radicalisation processes, investigate the distribution of radical propagandist materials among various Muslim communities around the world and analyse the consequences of ideological transformation of Islamic fundamentalism in selected European countries. The authors conclude that radicalisation propaganda has a global appeal due to the fact it has adopted a carefully selected group of globally recognised ideologues (Ibn Abd al-Wahhab, Abul A’la Maududi, Sayyid Qutb), but the recommended de-radicalisation processes should be rooted locally or regionally. The article proposes a constructive theoretical framework, a working hypothesis that should be constantly revised and modified in the changing socio-political environment.

scholarly journals Towards an Overview of Nursi Studies in India

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Dr. Muhammad Dawood Sofi
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
First Century ◽  
Translation Research ◽  
Indian People ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
Muslim Communities ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Said Nursi

The impact of Said Nursi and his movement has virtually crossed geographical boundaries and has made inroads in various regions and continents, including South Asia. In this direction, this paper makes an overview of various fields of activities on Nursi Studies in India - a country home to the one of the largest Muslim communities (living as minorities) in the world - ranging from conferences, symposiums, workshops to translation, research, Dersane gatherings, and inclusion of Said Nursi in the curriculum. The paper focuses on the developments of Nursi studies in India that took place in the beginning of the second decade of the twenty-first century. It also analyses how Said Nursi was introduced in India and how Indian people reacted to his message and mission.

scholarly journals Funkcje realizmu w fantastyce dla młodego czytelnika

2017 ◽  
pp. 121-138
Author(s):  
Maciej Wróblewski
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Children’S Literature ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
The Real ◽  
Digital Devices ◽  
Young Readers ◽  
The World ◽  
Literary Convention ◽  
Complex Phenomena

In the article the author examines fantastic novels by contemporary Polish writers (Andrzej Maleszka, Paweł Beręsowicz, Rafał Kosik and other) for young readers in a cultural context. In his essay he uses two well-known cultural categories “myth” and “magic” to his analysis of fantastic novels. According to the author, the myth and magic have two important functions in fantastic children’s literature. First, they lead young readers to knowledge about the world and depict different, complex phenomena of cultural dimension. Second, the myth and magic create a particular space (what “engulfs” young readers) of play and entertainment. Moreover, the myth and magic attract young readers to fabulous worlds including the elements of realistic literary convention. Thereby the writers increase their credibility among the youth. A “myth-magic” in the presented word of contemporary Polish fantastic novels assures balance between incredible entertainment represented by wizards, witches, dragons and the real world with characters having various digital devices within reach.

scholarly journals THE INCONGRUITY OF SAYYID QUTB’S POLITICAL ISLAM AND NATIONAL INTEGRATION IN NIGERIA: A DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-262
Author(s):  
Dodeye U. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Political Islam ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Islamic Fundamentalism ◽  
Boko Haram ◽  
National Integration ◽  
Islamic Movements ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
The World ◽  
Sayyid Qutb

The refutation and disregard of the influence of religion in politics has implications for national integration. The last few decades have witnessed the emergence of contemporary Islamic movements and trends in the Muslim world. One of the most effective and influential political thinkers of Islamism is Sayyid Qutb, a leading member of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood in the 1950’s and 1960’s and theorist of violent Jihad. As the father of modern Islamic fundamentalism, his ideas provide a framework and ideological foundation for many Islamic groups, like al-Qaeda, Boko Haram and the ISIS, around the world. While there are cases where political elites manipulate religion to mobilize support and further narrow political interests, it is erroneous and dangerous for policy to continue to perceive religion as incapable on its own to generate divisions in a society. This paper examines the features of Political Islam in three main areas: cultural-ideological, political and socio-economic, from the perspective of Sayyid Qutb political thought, and reflects on how these beliefs could impact on the dimensions of national integration in Nigeria. The paper argues that Political Islam is incompatible with national integration and as such the future of national integration is threatened in Nigeria.

Islamic Reform and Modernities in South Asia

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 259-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANCIS ROBINSON
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Islamic Fundamentalism ◽  
The West ◽  
Islamic Reform ◽  
Tribal Communities ◽  
The World ◽  
The Right ◽  
Constitutional Revolution

From the beginning of the Islamic era, Muslim societies have experienced periods of renewal (tajdid). Since the eighteenth century, Muslim societies across the world have been subject to a prolonged and increasingly deeply felt process of renewal. This has been expressed in different ways in different contexts. Amongst political elites with immediate concerns to answer the challenges of the West, it has meant attempts to reshape Islamic knowledge and institutions in the light of Western models, a process described as Islamic modernism. Amongst ‘ulama and sufis, whose social base might lie in urban, commercial or tribal communities, it has meant ‘the reorganisation of communities . . . [or] the reform of individual behavior in terms of fundamental religious principles’, a development known as reformism. These processes have been expressed in movements as different as the Iranian constitutional revolution, thejihadsof West Africa, and the great drives to spread reformed Islamic knowledge in India and Indonesia. In the second half of the twentieth century, the process of renewal mutated to develop a new strand, which claimed that revelation had the right to control all human experiences and that state power must be sought to achieve this end. This is known to many as Islamic fundamentalism, but is usually better understood as Islamism. For the majority of Muslims today, Islamic renewal in some shape or other has helped to mould the inner and outer realities of their lives.

Culture and the plasticity of perception

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Lifshitz ◽  
T. M. Luhrmann
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Sensory Experience ◽  
Cultural Learning ◽  
The World

Abstract Culture shapes our basic sensory experience of the world. This is particularly striking in the study of religion and psychosis, where we and others have shown that cultural context determines both the structure and content of hallucination-like events. The cultural shaping of hallucinations may provide a rich case-study for linking cultural learning with emerging prediction-based models of perception.

The Role of Music and Allied Arts in Public Writings on Cultural Diversity: “People of Sri Lanka”

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
Gisa Jähnichen
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Culturally Different ◽  
The World ◽  
Official Languages ◽  
The Way

The Sri Lankan Ministry of National Coexistence, Dialogue, and Official Languages published the work “People of Sri Lanka” in 2017. In this comprehensive publication, 21 invited Sri Lankan scholars introduced 19 different people’s groups to public readers in English, mainly targeted at a growing number of foreign visitors in need of understanding the cultural diversity Sri Lanka has to offer. This paper will observe the presentation of these different groups of people, the role music and allied arts play in this context. Considering the non-scholarly design of the publication, a discussion of the role of music and allied arts has to be supplemented through additional analyses based on sources mentioned by the 21 participating scholars and their fragmented application of available knowledge. In result, this paper might help improve the way facts about groups of people, the way of grouping people, and the way of presenting these groupings are displayed to the world beyond South Asia. This fieldwork and literature guided investigation should also lead to suggestions for ethical principles in teaching and presenting of culturally different music practices within Sri Lanka, thus adding an example for other case studies.

Comparative Study of Muslim Minorities

1991 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-316
Author(s):  
R. Hrair Dekmejian
Keyword(s):  
Native Americans ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Communal Identity ◽  
French Canadians ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
The World ◽  
Muslim Communities ◽  
Muslim Minorities ◽  
Cultural Regeneration

Most of the world’s Muslims reside in countries where they are numericallypredominant. As such, these Muslims possess a majoritarian outlook in sharpcontrast to the perspective of minority Muslims living in India, China, theUSSR, and some Western countries. In recent years, Muslim minorities havefound themselves at the confluence of diverse social forces and politicaldevelopments which have heightened their sense of communal identity andapprehension vish-vis non-Muslim majorities. This has been particularlytrue of the crisis besetting the Indian Muslims in 1990-91 as well as the newlyformed Muslim communities in Western Europe.The foregoing circumstances have highlighted the need for serious researchon Muslim minorities within a comparative framework. What follows is apreliminary outline of a research framework for a comparative study of Muslimminorities using the Indian Muslims as an illustrative case.The Salience of TraditionOne of the most significant transnational phenomena in the four decadessince mid-century has been the revival of communal consciousness amongminorities in a large number of countries throughout the world. This tendencytoward cultural regeneration has been noted among such diverse ethnic groupsas Afro-Americans, French Canadians, Palestinian Arabs, the Scots of GreatBritain, Soviet minorities, and native Americans. A common tendency amongthese groups is to reach back to their cultural traditions and to explore thoseroots which have served as the historical anchors of their present communalexistence. Significantly, this quest for tradition has had a salutary impactupon the lives of these communities, for it has reinforced their collectiveand individual identities and has enabled them to confront the multipledifficulties of modem life more effectively. By according its members a sense ...

scholarly journals From South Asia to the world: embracing the challenge of global sustainable nitrogen management

One Earth ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Nandula Raghuram ◽  
Mark A. Sutton ◽  
Roger Jeffery ◽  
Ramesh Ramachandran ◽  
Tapan K. Adhya
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
Nitrogen Management ◽  
The World

Flowing Down Bengawan Solo: An Interdisciplinary Lesson Model on Music and Rivers

2021 ◽  
pp. 104837132110262
Author(s):  
Jui-Ching Wang
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Strategies ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Global Learning ◽  
The World ◽  
Historical Periods

Music cannot be separated from its historical, geographical, and cultural context; therefore, it is important that students be taught music from a variety of genres, cultures, and historical periods relevant to the music to which they are introduced. In this article, I introduce an interdisciplinary approach through contextualization of the content of music, using it to lead to the study of related works in various disciplines. Using a song inspired by Indonesia’s Solo River, a lesson sample demonstrates teaching strategies that motivate students to engage in integrative thinking. By exploring music’s connection with relevant subjects to teach about the natural environment, this contextualized lesson presents a global learning experience to broaden students’ knowledge of the world. Contextualizing the content of Bengawan Solo illustrates how history and culture shaped the song and demonstrates how this work can be used as a springboard for students’ exploration of its history, geography, and ecology.

scholarly journals Emancipating the Image: The Beijing Olympics, Regeneration, and the Power of Performance

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol Mei Barker
Keyword(s):  
Olympic Games ◽  
Public Image ◽  
Beijing Olympics ◽  
The Public ◽  
Susan Sontag ◽  
Counter Narrative ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
Rapid Transformation

“In China, what makes an image true is that it is good for people to see it.” - Susan Sontag, On Photography, 1971 The Olympic Games gave the world an opportunity to read Beijing’s powerful image-text following thirty years of rapid transformation. David Harvey argues that this transformation has turned Beijing from “a closed backwater, to an open centre of capitalist dynamism.” However, in the creation of this image-text, another subtler and altogether very different image-text has been deliberately erased from the public gaze. This more concealed image-text offers a significant counter narrative on the city’s public image and criticises the simulacrum constructed for the 2008 Olympics, both implicitly and explicitly. It is the ‘everyday’ image-text of a disappearing city still in the process of being bulldozed to make way for the neoliberal world’s next megalopolis. It exists most prominently as a filmic image text; in film documentaries about a ‘real’ hidden Beijing just below the surface of the government sponsored ‘optical artefact.’ Film has thus become a key medium through which to understand and preserve a physical city on the verge of erasure.

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