scholarly journals THE INCONGRUITY OF SAYYID QUTB’S POLITICAL ISLAM AND NATIONAL INTEGRATION IN NIGERIA: A DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-262
Author(s):  
Dodeye U. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Political Islam ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Islamic Fundamentalism ◽  
Boko Haram ◽  
National Integration ◽  
Islamic Movements ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
The World ◽  
Sayyid Qutb

The refutation and disregard of the influence of religion in politics has implications for national integration. The last few decades have witnessed the emergence of contemporary Islamic movements and trends in the Muslim world. One of the most effective and influential political thinkers of Islamism is Sayyid Qutb, a leading member of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood in the 1950’s and 1960’s and theorist of violent Jihad. As the father of modern Islamic fundamentalism, his ideas provide a framework and ideological foundation for many Islamic groups, like al-Qaeda, Boko Haram and the ISIS, around the world. While there are cases where political elites manipulate religion to mobilize support and further narrow political interests, it is erroneous and dangerous for policy to continue to perceive religion as incapable on its own to generate divisions in a society. This paper examines the features of Political Islam in three main areas: cultural-ideological, political and socio-economic, from the perspective of Sayyid Qutb political thought, and reflects on how these beliefs could impact on the dimensions of national integration in Nigeria. The paper argues that Political Islam is incompatible with national integration and as such the future of national integration is threatened in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Ideological Counter-Narrative as a Response to Fundamentalist Ideology in Europe and South Asia. An Analysis of Selected Cases in Their Cultural Context and an Outline of Recommended Activities

2021 ◽  
pp. 87-107
Author(s):  
Piotr Kłodkowski ◽  
Anna Siewierska-Chmaj
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Islamic Fundamentalism ◽  
Counter Narrative ◽  
Present Complex ◽  
The World ◽  
Sayyid Qutb ◽  
Muslim Communities ◽  
Complex Phenomena

The article discusses the issues of religious radicalisation and de-radicalisation in contemporary Islam. Its authors present complex phenomena of ideological, historical, cultural and political contexts of radicalisation processes, investigate the distribution of radical propagandist materials among various Muslim communities around the world and analyse the consequences of ideological transformation of Islamic fundamentalism in selected European countries. The authors conclude that radicalisation propaganda has a global appeal due to the fact it has adopted a carefully selected group of globally recognised ideologues (Ibn Abd al-Wahhab, Abul A’la Maududi, Sayyid Qutb), but the recommended de-radicalisation processes should be rooted locally or regionally. The article proposes a constructive theoretical framework, a working hypothesis that should be constantly revised and modified in the changing socio-political environment.

scholarly journals The Boko Haram Uprising and Islamic Revivalism in Nigeria

2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abimbola Adesoji
Keyword(s):  
Party Politics ◽  
Religious Conflict ◽  
Islamic Fundamentalism ◽  
Boko Haram ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Religious Ideology ◽  
Religious Conflicts ◽  
The World ◽  
Fertile Ground ◽  
Islamic Revivalism

From the 1980 Maitatsine uprising to the 2009 Boko Haram up-rising, Nigeria was bedevilled by ethno-religious conflicts with devastating human and material losses. But the Boko Haram uprising of July 2009 was significant in that it not only set a precedent, but also reinforced the attempts by Islamic conservative elements at imposing a variant of Islamic religious ideology on a secular state. Whereas the religious sensitivity of Nigerians provided fertile ground for the breeding of the Boko Haram sect, the sect's blossoming was also aided by the prevailing economic dislocation in Nigerian society, the advent of party politics (and the associated desperation of politicians for political power), and the ambivalence of some vocal Islamic leaders, who, though they did not actively embark on insurrection, either did nothing to stop it from fomenting, or only feebly condemned it. These internal factors coupled with growing Islamic fundamentalism around the world make a highly volatile Nigerian society prone to violence, as evidenced by the Boko Haram uprising. Given the approach of the Nigerian state to religious conflict, this violence may remain a recurring problem. This paper documents and analyses the Boko Haram uprising, as well as its links with the promotion of Islamic revivalism and the challenges it poses to the secularity of the Nigerian state.

scholarly journals FUNDAMENTALISME: Korelasi Idologi Fundamentalis dengan Idiologi Gerakan Islam Modern

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Afrohah Afrohah
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Islamic Fundamentalism ◽  
Islamic Movements ◽  
Islamic Movement ◽  
The Core ◽  
The World ◽  
Internal Condition ◽  
Local Tradition ◽  
Islamic Principle ◽  
Negative Impression

Abstract: Islamic fundamentalism has recently reappeared to the forefront and became a discourse of intellectual thought throughout the world as a reflection on anarchism that seemed to be caused by certain Islamic groups. This event triggers a negative impression on Islam as a whole and can also inhibit “ghirah” of thought aimed at understanding and promoting Islam. Assuming that Islamic fundamentalism is the core of revivalist Islamic movements, this paper tries to discuss how islami fundamentalist’s ideology correlates with various ideologies of modern Islamic movements such as: puritanism and revivalism. This research uses an inductive and descriptive aapproach. The result of this research can be summarized that fundamentalism comes from Protestant which is related to the Modern Islamic movement phenomena. In general, revivalism movement has been identified as a reaction towards internal condition within moslem society which tolerates local tradition which is asumed as virus of the reasoning of Islam degradation. They want to return into the Islamic principle of first period (salaf), then the movement see religion is only related to individual matters. Meanwhile, the similarity lies on their intolerant, extreme, fanatic and scriptualistic behaviour. The differences, on the other hand, involve modernity, activity target, and the morality perspective.الملخص: قد ارتفعت الأصولية الإسلامية مرة أخرى و يفكرها المفكرون في جميع أنحاء العالم بوجود الأحداث الفوضوية التي يبدو فيها وكأن سببها ميل بعض الجماعات الإسلامية بها. و هذه تعطي انطباعا سلبيا من الإسلام كله، فإنه قد تمنع غيرتهم إلى فهم الإسلام وتقدمه. إذا افترضنا أنها أصل الحركات الإسلامية الإحيائية ، فإن هذا البحث يبحث إلى فهم ارتباط الأيديولوجية الأصولية مع الإيديولوجيات الحركات الإسلامية الحديثة مثل: التزمت وإحياء. واستخدمه على  النهج الإستقرائ  والوصفي. ومن نتائجه أن الأصولية تأتي من البروتستانت التي تنسب بظاهرة الحركة الإسلامية الحديثة. و في الإسلام تجد الحركية الإسلامية الإحيائية على الوضع الداخلي من المسلمين الذين يتسامحون من التقاليد المحلية التي تعتبر سبب انحطاط الإسلام. و تريد العود إلى الفترة للمبادئ الإسلامية الأولى (السلف) ،  حتى لا تنظر إلى دين الإسلام إلا دين بالمشاكل الفردية. والمعادلة بين الأيديولوجية الأصولية والأيديولوجيات اللحركات الإسلامية الحديثة عدم التسامح والمتطرف والمتعصب والحرفي. والفرق بينهما رد العمل على الحداثة، وهدف الحركة ، والنظر على الأخلاق.Abstrak: Fundamentalisme Islam belakangan ini kembali mencuat dan menjadi wacana pemikiran kalangan intelektual di seluruh dunia sebagai refleksi atas maraknya peristiwa anarkisme yang seakan-akan ditimbulkan oleh kecenderungan kelompok Islam tertentu. Pencitraan demikian di samping dapat memberi kesan negatif pada Islam secara keseluruhan, juga dapat menghambat ghirah pemikiran yang bertujuan memahami dan memajukan Islam. Dengan mengasumsikan bahwa fundamentalisme Islam merupakan induk dari gerakan Islam revivalisme. Artikel ini membahas tentang bagaimana korelasi idologi fundamentalis dengan berbagai orientasi ideologi gerakan Islam moderen seperti: puritanisme dan revivalisme. Analisa dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan induktif deskriptif. Dari hasil pembahasan tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa Fundamentalisme berasal dari Protestan yang kemudian dikaitkan dengan fenomena gerakan Islam modern. Secara umum dalam Islam diidentifikasi adanya gerakan revivalisme yang kemunculannya sebagai reaksi terhadap kondisi internal umat Islam yang sangat toleran terhadap tradisi lokal yang dianggap sebagai virus penyebab degradasi Islam. Mereka ingin pemurnian kembali ke prinsip Islam periode pertama (salaf), sehingga gerakan ini memandang agama hanya sebagai masalah individu. Sementara kesamaan idiologinya adalah dalam perilakunya yang tidak toleran, ekstrem, fanatik, dan literal. Perbedaannya adalah reaksi terhadap modernitas, target aktivitas dan perspektif moralitas.

Islamic Reform and Modernities in South Asia

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 259-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANCIS ROBINSON
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Islamic Fundamentalism ◽  
The West ◽  
Islamic Reform ◽  
Tribal Communities ◽  
The World ◽  
The Right ◽  
Constitutional Revolution

From the beginning of the Islamic era, Muslim societies have experienced periods of renewal (tajdid). Since the eighteenth century, Muslim societies across the world have been subject to a prolonged and increasingly deeply felt process of renewal. This has been expressed in different ways in different contexts. Amongst political elites with immediate concerns to answer the challenges of the West, it has meant attempts to reshape Islamic knowledge and institutions in the light of Western models, a process described as Islamic modernism. Amongst ‘ulama and sufis, whose social base might lie in urban, commercial or tribal communities, it has meant ‘the reorganisation of communities . . . [or] the reform of individual behavior in terms of fundamental religious principles’, a development known as reformism. These processes have been expressed in movements as different as the Iranian constitutional revolution, thejihadsof West Africa, and the great drives to spread reformed Islamic knowledge in India and Indonesia. In the second half of the twentieth century, the process of renewal mutated to develop a new strand, which claimed that revelation had the right to control all human experiences and that state power must be sought to achieve this end. This is known to many as Islamic fundamentalism, but is usually better understood as Islamism. For the majority of Muslims today, Islamic renewal in some shape or other has helped to mould the inner and outer realities of their lives.

Conflict and Financial Scandal on History, Culture, and Politic

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (03) ◽  
pp. 20628-20638
Author(s):  
Anik Yuesti ◽  
I Made Dwi Adnyana
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Church Leaders ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
Spiritual World ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
The World ◽  
Financial Scandals ◽  
Financial Transparency ◽  
The Church ◽  
Transparency And Accountability

One of the things that are often highlighted in the world of spirituality is a matter of sexual scandal. But lately, the focus of the spiritual world is financial transparency and accountability. Financial scandals began to arise in the Church, as was the case in the Protestant Christian Church of Bukti Doa Nusa Dua Congregation in Bali. The scandal involved clergy and even some church leaders. This study aims to describe how the conflict occurred because of financial scandals in the Church. The method used in this study is the Ontic dialectic. Based on this research, the conflict in the Bukit Doa Church is a conflict caused by an internal financial scandal. The scandal resulted in fairly widespread conflict in the various lines of the organization. It led to the issuance of the Dismissal Decrees of the church pastor and also one of the members of Financial Supervisory Council. This conflict has also resulted in the leadership of the church had violated human rights. Source of conflict is not resolved in a fair, but more concerned with political interests and groups. Thus, the source of the problem is still attached to its original place.

Armed Violence in the Ideology of Contemporary Islamic Fundamentalism - Study models

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 237
Author(s):  
Laith Mzahim Khudair Kazem
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Islamic Fundamentalism ◽  
Islamic Movements ◽  
Important Means ◽  
Armed Violence ◽  
Goals And Objectives ◽  
At Home

The armed violence of many radical Islamic movements is one of the most important means to achieve the goals and objectives of these movements. These movements have legitimized and legitimized these violent practices and constructed justification ideologies in order to justify their use for them both at home against governments or against the other Religiously, intellectually and even culturally, or abroad against countries that call them the term "unbelievers", especially the United States of America.

Adab Konstitusi; Upaya Meluruskan Kesesatan Pikir Konstitusi

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yogi Prasetyo
Keyword(s):  
Legal System ◽  
The Political ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
The World

The Constitution as the legal basis for formation of legislation in the system of Indonesia. The misuse of the constitution (UUD 1945) by the political interests of goverment caused mislead and made the situation of the nation getting worse. Liberal capitalistic value wrapped in modern positivistic legal system that puts the ratio had diverge from culture constitution. needs to be clarified with the balance of conscience through culture constitution. Culture constitution is a constitutional concept who saw citizen of Indonesia as creatures of God by virtue of intelligence and unseen. So with that constitution is formed, conceived and executed to be qualified and to bring the benefit of the world and the hereafter.

Impact of Globalisation on Pandemics: A comparative study on SARS and Covid-19 (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johann Johann And Devika
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Comparative Analysis ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Economic Stability ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Close Relationship

BACKGROUND Since November 2019, Covid - 19 has spread across the globe costing people their lives and countries their economic stability. The world has become more interconnected over the past few decades owing to globalisation and such pandemics as the Covid -19 are cons of that. This paper attempts to gain deeper understanding into the correlation between globalisation and pandemics. It is a descriptive analysis on how one of the factors that was responsible for the spread of this virus on a global scale is globalisation. OBJECTIVE - To understand the close relationship that globalisation and pandemics share. - To understand the scale of the spread of viruses on a global scale though a comparison between SARS and Covid -19. - To understand the sale of globalisation present during SARS and Covid - 19. METHODS A descriptive qualitative comparative analysis was used throughout this research. RESULTS Globalisation does play a significant role in the spread of pandemics on a global level. CONCLUSIONS - SARS and Covid - 19 were varied in terms of severity and spread. - The scale of globalisation was different during the time of SARS and Covid - 19. - Globalisation can be the reason for the faster spread in Pandemics.

The Boko Haram Reader

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Cook
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Boko Haram ◽  
Islamic Theology ◽  
Long Line ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
The World

Since it erupted onto the world stage in 2009, people have asked, what is Boko Haram, and what does it stand for? Is there a coherent vision or set of beliefs behind it? Despite the growing literature about the group, few if any attempts have been made to answer these questions, even though Boko Haram is but the latest in a long line of millenarian Muslim reform groups to emerge in Northern Nigeria over the last two centuries. The Boko Haram Reader offers an unprecedented collection of essential texts, documents, videos, audio, and nashids (martial hymns), translated into English from Hausa, Arabic and Kanuri, tracing the group's origins, history, and evolution. Its editors, two Nigerian scholars, reveal how Boko Haram's leaders manipulate Islamic theology for the legitimization, radicalization, indoctrination and dissemination of their ideas across West Africa. Mandatory reading for anyone wishing to grasp the underpinnings of Boko Haram's insurgency, particularly how the group strives to delegitimize its rivals and establish its beliefs as a dominant strand of Islamic thought in West Africa's religious marketplace.

Whither democracy? Religion, politics and Islam

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Dallmayr
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Religious Faith ◽  
Christian Right ◽  
Political Islam ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The World ◽  
Democratic Character

The question raised by the article is: can democracy be religious and, if so, how? Can religious faith be reconciled with modern democratic political institutions? The article takes its departure from the biblical admonition to believers to be ‘the salt of the earth’ — a phrase that militates against both world dominion and world denial. In its long history, Islam (like Christianity) has been sorely tempted by the lure of worldly power and domination. Nor is this temptation entirely a matter of the past (witness the rise of the Christian right and of ‘political Islam’ in our time). Focusing on contemporary Iran, the article makes a constitutional proposal which would strengthen the democratic character of the Iranian Republic without canceling religious faith. If adopted, the proposal would reinvigorate the ‘salt’ of Muslim faith thus enabling believers to live up to the Qur‘anic summons for freedom, justice and service in the world.

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