scholarly journals Choosing between the Conventional Plates, Locking Plates, or Iliosacral Screws for Sacroiliac Joint Dislocation: A Biomechanical Comparison Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Trixie Brevi Putri ◽  
Erwin Ramawan ◽  
Mohammad Zaim Chilmi ◽  
Kukuh Dwiputra Hernugrahanto ◽  
Jifaldi AMD Sedar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sacroiliac Joint ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Iliosacral Screw ◽  
Locking Plates ◽  
Average Force ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Iliosacral Screws ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Screw Group

Background: This study examines the comparison of biomechanical strengths of three kinds of the most familiar implants available in Indonesia: conventional and locking sacroiliac plates and screws, also iliosacral screws. Despite the common thought that iliosacral screws are preferred compared to conventional plates and screws due to its biomechanic superiority, this study tested whether the locking plates and screws could offer an alternative.Materials and Methods: This study was an in vitro experimental study with a Randomized Post Test - Only Control Group Design using pelvic bones from male cadavers aged 20-50 y.o. Twelve samples were divided into three treatment groups and one control group. Group P1 was fixed with two conventional plates, P2 was fixed with two locking plates, P3 was fixed with two iliosacral screws, and control group K with sacroiliac joint was intact. Each group was given an increasing load until a vertical shift of the sacroiliac joint ≥ 2.0 mm was obtained.Results: The average force load for 2 mm displacement among the fixation systems being tested shows a statistically significant difference (p0.05). Load failure force for 2 mm displacement in the locking plate and screw group has the highest average (591.33 ± 56.08 N) compared to the iliosacral screw group (583.67 ± 73.56 N) and conventional plate and screw group (574 ± 106.05 N).Conclusions: Biomechanically, the fixation system using two locking anterior sacroiliac plates and screws is more stable than the iliosacral screws and conventional sacroiliac plates and screws.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SOURSOP LEAF EXTRACT AGAINST GROWTH OF AGGREGATIBACTER ACTINOMYCETEMCOMITANS ATCC® 6514™ IN VITRO

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 411
Author(s):  
Ameta Primasari ◽  
Minasari Nasution ◽  
Nurul Hidayati Arbi ◽  
Dini Permata Sari ◽  
Mohammad Basyuni
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mueller Hinton Agar

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) antibacterial power of soursop leaf extract on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) ATCC® 6514™ growth.Methods: This study was experimental laboratory with post-test only control group design and consists of 8 treatment groups that were soursop leaf extract group with concentration 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25%, 3.125%, and 1.5625% as well as negative control groups were brain heart infusion broth (BHIB) media and chlorhexidine as positive controls. Each treatment was done 3 repetitions. Testing the effectiveness of soursop leaf extract using dilution methods on BHIB and subculture media on Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) media. The number of Aa ATCC® 6514 ™ colonies was calculated manually using the total plate count method on the MHA media. Data were analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis test (p<0.05) followed by least significance different (LSD) test to see the significant mean difference between treatment groups.Results: Concentration of MIC from soursop leaf extract on Aa ATCC® 6514™ growth was 1.5625% and MBC was 6.25%. LSD assay results showed significant difference effect (p<0.05) Aa ATCC® 6514™ from each treatment group.Conclusion: Soursop leaf extract has antibacterial effectivity against Aa ATCC® 6514 ™.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Lumbricus Rubellus Earthworm Extract Against Porphyromonas Gingivalis as the Bacterial Cause of Periodontitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 1032-1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Gusti Agung Ayu Dharmawati ◽  
Tjokorda Gde Bagus Mahadewa ◽  
I Putu Eka Widyadharma
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Lumbricus Rubellus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inhibitory Zone ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Zone Diameter ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

AIM: The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of Lumbricus rubellus earthworms through inhibitory zone diameter to the growth of the bacterium Phorphyromonas gingivalis as the cause of periodontitis. METHODS: This was an experimental study with randomised posttest-only control group design. The study was conducted at the Microbiology Research Center laboratory at the Faculty of Dentistry, Airlangga University, Indonesia. The study was conducted in vitro, the sample size was calculated using the Federer formula as many as four agar plates containing bacteria Phorphyromonas gingivalis, with each plate given five different treatments: control (ethanol), Lumbricus rubellus earthworm extract (ECT) with concentrations of 50%, 25%, 12.5%, and 6.25% respectively. The data in the form of inhibition zone diameter (measured in millimetres) obtained were tested using One-Way ANOVA. RESULTS: The mean diameter of the inhibitory zone extract of Lumbricus rubellus earthworm on the growth of Phorphyromonas gingivalis bacteria in the treatment group had significant differences (p < 0.05). The mean inhibition zones between controls and the ECT treatment group (ECT 50%, ECT 25%, ECT 12.5%) were statistically different (p < 0.05), in contrast with ECT 6.25% (p > 0.05) which did not show significant difference with the control group (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Lumbricus rubellus earthworm extract with a concentration of 50% has the largest diameter of the inhibitory zone on the growth of the Phorphyromonas gingivalis bacteria. The 6.25% earthworm extract showed no antibacterial activity against the growth of Phorphyromonas gingivalis bacteria.

scholarly journals Differences in Effectiveness of Antibacterial Power Between Cocoa Peel Extract (Theobroma cocoa L.) and Benzalkonium Chloride 0.1% Against Staphylococcus aureus (In Vitro)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Tamara Yuanita ◽  
Mohammed Alaqsha Brysoul Ceson ◽  
Agus Subiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Benzalkonium Chloride ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Dental Biofilm ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Peel Extract

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive bacteria play a role in the formation of dental biofilm which iscausing dental caries. During tooth preparation, to stop the growth of bacteria, a cavity cleaning agent is given using achemical, namely Benzalkonium Chloride (BAC) 0.1%, but BAC has disadvantages including allergic reactions, tolerantmicrobes, and resistance. Therefore, it is hoped that there will be herbal ingredients that can be used as an alternative.Cocoa peel extract has active compounds of tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and saponins which haveantibacterial concentration 6% according to safe concentrations. Purpose: To explain the difference in the effectivenessof the antibacterial power of 6% cocoa peel extract and 0.1% BAC against Staphylococcus aureus (in vitro). Methods:This study was a laboratory experimental in vitro with the posttest only control group design. Using the diffusion methodfor Staphylococcus aureus that divided into two parts, 6% cocoa peel extract and 0.1% BAC. Each petri dish was givendisc paper dripped with 0.01 ml of each test material, then incubated for two days and observed the diameter of theinhibition zone. Results: The average diameter of the inhibition zone formed in the 6% cacao peel extract was 11.5288mm and BAC 0.1% was 18.2925 mm against Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusion: There was a significant difference inthe effectiveness of antibacterial power (p <0.05) between 6% cacao peel extract (Theobroma cacao L.) and 0.1% BACagainst Staphylococcus aureus (In Vitro).

scholarly journals Effect of putri malu (Mimosa pudica) extract on Ascaris suum mortality in vitro

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD ARIF NUR SYAHID ◽  
CR. SITI UTARI ◽  
SUTARMIADJI DJUMARGA
Keyword(s):  
Ascaris Suum ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mimosa Pudica ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Death Time ◽  
Significant Difference

Syahid MAN, Utari CRS, Djumarga S. 2011. Effect of putri malu extract (Mimosa pudica) on Ascaris suum mortality in vitro. Biofarmasi 9: 33-37. This study was to determine the influence of Mimosa pudica extract in Ascaris suum mortality. This research was a laboratory experiment, with a post-test only with control group design by using 140 adult A. suum, divided into seven groups. This research used NaCl 0.9% for a negative control, pirantel pamoat 5 mg/mL solution for a positive control, and five intervention by using 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% concentration of M. pudica extract. The observation was conducted in every two hours until worm death and it was started to be counted after all worm death. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA test continued with Least Significance Difference (LSD) by using SPP for Window Release 17 with a significance level p<0.05. The results showed that all A. suum death in 96 hours at negative control, 2 hours at positive control, 29.5 hours at 20% M. pudica extract, 24.5 hours at 40% M. pudica extract, 16 hours at 60% M. pudica extract, 12 hours at 80% M. pudica extract and 4 hours at 100% M. pudica extract. There was a significant difference in the death time of A. suum in all research groups. From the result of research, it could be concluded that the extract of putri malu had an effect on accelerating A. suum mortality time.

scholarly journals CYTOTOXIC EFFECT OF FREEZE DRIED BOVINE CARTILAGE POWDER AND PLATELET RICH PLASMA (PRP) TO MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL (MSCs)

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Dwikora Novembri Utomo ◽  
Anthoni Yusbida
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bovine Cartilage

Cartilage repair is a challenging clinical problem because the damage is an irreversible condition. Many studies had been performed using several kinds of natural or synthetic scaffold. Attempts to repair articular cartilage using scaffold usually found many problems, lacks the physical structure and mechanical properties necessary to ensure long-term efficacy to cartilage defect. Furthermore, scaffold frequently cause toxicity to the host. Therefore, this study was performed in vitro to test the toxicity effect of scaffold freeze dried bovine cartilage powder and platelets Rich Plasma (PRP). This research was conducted using pure experimental research design in 4 groups of animal stem cells which being added with scaffold freeze dried bovine cartilage scaffold provided with platelet rich plasma. This study using posttest only control group design. The result being processed with MTT assay and spectrophotometer for counting the viable stem cells. There was no significant difference in the amount of macrophage between control and the freeze dried bovine cartilage scaffold provided with PRP (p=0,128). With this result in the number of macrophages between the control with freeze dried bovine cartilage scaffold provided PRP, it can be concluded that these biomaterials have biocompatibility.

scholarly journals The Antibacterial Effect of Ethanol Edamame Seeds (Glycine Max (L) Merril) Extract to E.coli Bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Diayu Putri Akhita ◽  
Edy Junaidi ◽  
Septa Surya Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Average Diameter ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Times

Abstract Infectious diseases can occur in all parts of the body. One of the causes infection in humans is Eschericiae coli bacteria. Eschericiae coli is a rod-shaped bacteria, a gram negative bacteria, facultative aerobics and classified family member of Enterobacteriaceae from the Gammaproteobacteria class. Along the times, E.coli bacteria have resistent to some antibiotics. So we need a new alternative. There is a antibacterial substance in the isoflavon group contained in edamame. Genistein is a main isoflavon in edamame that have antiinflammation, antibacterial, and antioxidant effects. The purpose of this study was to determine is there any antibacterial effects in ethanol edamame seeds extract to E.coli bacteria. This study used a true experimental research design in vitro with a post test only control group design.  The average diameter results of the inhibition zone were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis method and obtained p = 0.001 which means there are significant differences in at least two groups. After that, the Mann Whitney post hoc test was conducted and a significant difference was found in the positive and negative control groups for all groups but there was no difference in the treatment group, both groups K1, K2 and K3 for all groups. Keywords : Edamame, Antibacterial, E.coli

scholarly journals The In Vitro Anti-Diabetic Activity of Lime Peels (Citrus amblycarpa (Hassk.) Ochse)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (01) ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
Gempita Cahya aulia tambunan ◽  
Aparna Dutt ◽  
Sayra Nadhifa ◽  
Firdha Amelia ◽  
Ermi Girsang
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Phytochemical Content ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Lime Peel ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova

There are various potential natural anti-diabetic drugs; one of them is lime peel or Citrus amblycarpa. This study was aimed to explore the anti-diabetic activity and phytochemical content of lime peels. This study was an experimental study that used the post-test only control group design. The lime peels that were collected from the Berastagi fruit market in Medan, North Sumatera were extracted using 70% ethanol by maceration methods. The phytochemical screening identified the presence of phenolic, steroid/triterpenoid, terpenoid, saponin, flavonoid, tannin, and alkaloid. Meanwhile, the anti-diabetic activity of lime peels was evaluate using the α-glucosidase enzyme that was gotten from Saccharomyces cerevisiae by α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition methods. Percent of inhibition was express as Mean ± SD and analyzed by One Way ANOVA, Tukey HSD Post Hoc Test, and followed by linear regression. The result of this study showed that there is a significant difference in percentage inhibition α-glucosidase enzyme in each concentration, and it had an IC50 Value amount of 125.93 ± 9.14 µg/mL. The phytochemical content of the lime peels was flavonoid, phenol, steroid/triterpenoid, and alkaloid. Hence, the lime peel has anti-diabetic activity by inhibition of the α-glucosidase enzyme.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF ENERGY DRINK ON MICROHARDNESS OF DENTAL ENAMEL (IN VITRO)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-41
Author(s):  
Prima Ulva ◽  
Idral Purnakarya ◽  
Arymbi Pudjiastuty
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Dental Enamel ◽  
Energy Drink ◽  
Enamel Surface ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference

A prolonged acidic ambience of oral environment will lead to demineralization process. It caused erosion to enamel surface after long time of exposure.  Acidic beverages become the external factor of dental erosion. Energy drink is one of  popular beverages which has acid ingredients and pH value below the critical pH (5.5). The objective is to determine the effect of energy drink on microhardness of dental enamel (in vitro). Methods that were used in this study was experimental pre test - post test with control group design. A total of 36 premolar were used as samples which were divided into energy drink group and control group of artificial saliva. The treatment group were immersed for 8 cycle for 7 days. Dental enamel microhardness were measured by Vickers Hardness Tester before and after treatment. The result of this study was microhardness mean of enamel surface decreased from 306 VHN to 262 VHN after immersion for energy drink group and no significant difference in artificial saliva group. Independent T-test analysis showed p value <0,005, thus concluding there was significant difference between two groups. The conclusion of this study there was significant effect of energy drink immersion to dental enamel microhardness.

Comparative Study to Evaluate the Surface Detail Reproduction of Dental Stone after Immersion in Various Different Disinfectant Solutions, Under Stereomicroscope 10 X Magnification –An In-Vitro Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rathika Rai ◽  
M. A. Easwaran ◽  
K. T. Dhivya
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Immersion Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Surface Irregularities ◽  
Disinfectant Solution ◽  
Surface Detail ◽  
Group B

Aim: To evaluate the surface detail reproduction of dental stone this is immersed in different disinfectant solution and studied under stereomicroscope. Methodology: Total number of 30 specimens of dental stone (Type III) were made with measurements of 1.5cm diameter and 1cm height .This samples are divided in to 3 groups group A,B,C. were A is immersed in Distilled water which was taken as control group ;B is immersed in 2% Glutaraldehyde and C is immersed in 5%sodium hypochlorite. Each specimen were immersed in the disinfectant solution for 15 minutes and dried under room temperature for 24 hrs. After 24 hrs each specimens are studied under stereomicroscope for surface details. Result: The results showed no significant difference in the surface irregularities and porosities for a group 1 and group 2 except group 3 which showed significant increase in the porosities, surface irregularities and erosions after disinfection with 5% NaHOCl by immersion method. Conclusion: The surface detail reproduction capacity of die stone was adversely affected when 5% Sodium hypochlorite was used as disinfectant solution when compare d to control group and 2% Glutaraldehyde

Effectiveness Of Toilet Training Education On Mother's Behavior And Toddler Age Toilet Training Ability (18-36 Months)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
Hafiko Andresni ◽  
Zahtamal Zahtamal ◽  
Winda Septiani ◽  
Mitra Mitra ◽  
Lita Lita
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Body ◽  
Toilet Training ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maternal Knowledge ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Toilet training is an effort to train children to be able to control and urinate (BAK) and defecate (BAB). Toilet training is one of the main tasks of children at toddler age. Toilet training is one of the main tasks of children in toddler age which is very important to be done to create independence in children in controlling BAK and BAB and children know the parts of the body and their functions. Data in 2012 shows that ± 60% of parents do not teach toilet training to children from an early age. The aim of the study was to find out the effectiveness of toilet training education on maternal behavior and toilet skills in toddler age training (18-36 months). The study was conducted in July-August 2018. This type of quantitative research used the design of the Quasy pretest and posttest experiment with non-equivalent control group design. Samples were 36 mothers and 36 children with purposive sampling technique. Data analysis used Paired t test, Wilcoxon test, Man-Whitney test an Independent t test. The results showed that toilet training education through lecture methods, modules and maze games was more effective than toilet training education through lecture and leaflet methods on children's knowledge and abilities. Conversely, for the role of mothers in supervision there is no significant difference in effectiveness. Health education is recommended in health promotion programs to increase maternal knowledge, the role of mothers and the ability of toilet training children independently. Keywords: Toilet training, Lecture method, Module, Maze game, Leaflet, Knowledge, Role of mother, Children's ability.

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