scholarly journals The Influence of Various N-P-K Fertilizer Levels on Onion Production in Southern Puerto Rico.

1969 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-115
Author(s):  
S. Alers-Alers ◽  
E. Orengo-Santiago ◽  
L. Cruz Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Average Production ◽  
The World ◽  
K Fertilizer ◽  
Onion Cultivar

An experiment was conducted on a San Anton (Cumulic Hasplustolls) fine loamy mixed isohyperthermic in the southern irrigated coastal plain of Puerto Rico, to evaluate the influence of various N-P-K levels on yield and quality of onion (cultivar Texas Grano 502). All P and K fertilizer were broadcast and mixed with the soil at planting. Half of the N fertilizer was broadcast at planting and half was banded 6 weeks later between rows and left uncovered. Mean yield differences attributable to fertilizer levels were not significant. The soil seems to have sufficient available native N to meet this crop's needs. This may be in part attributable to continuous fertilizer applications over the years for sugarcane production in this soil. An average onion production of 22 metric tons/ha was obtained. The world average production is 11 metric tons/ha. Based on the results obtained, the production of onions in th is soil is recommended for two reasons: 1) The high tonnage that can be obtained, and 2) the low investment on fertilizers if planted on soils of high fertility, especially if previously used for sugarcane and fertilized over a long period.

scholarly journals Optimizing N Fertilization to Improve Yield, Technological and Nutritional Quality of Tomato Grown in High Fertility Soil Conditions

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenico Ronga ◽  
Alfonso Pentangelo ◽  
Mario Parisi
Keyword(s):  
N Fertilization ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Tomato Crop ◽  
Processing Tomato ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
N Rates

Processing tomato is the second most important worldwide cash crop, generally produced in high-input systems. However, fruit yield and quality are affected by agronomic management, particularly nitrogen (N) fertilization, whose application to indeterminate growth genotypes for canning has yet to be investigated in depth. Hence, the objective of this work was to assess the effects of different N rates (0, 50, 125, 200, 275, and 350 kg ha−1) on fruit yield and quality characteristics of processing tomato ‘San Marzano’ landrace. The results of our study showed that 125 and 200 kg of N ha−1 are the most appropriate rates in soil with high fertility, ensuring the highest values of marketable yield and brix yield. However, plants fertilized with 125 kg of N ha−1 attained higher values of N efficiency and fruit K and P concentrations than plants fertilized with 200 kg of N ha−1. Our results suggest that overdoses of N supplies negatively affected fruit yield and quality of San Marzano landrace grown in high soil fertility conditions, also reducing the agricultural sustainability. Hence, specific agronomic protocol and extension services are required to optimally manage tomato crop systems.

scholarly journals Performance of New Sugarcane Varieties in the Northern Humid Coastal Plains of Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-77
Author(s):  
Rafael Gandía Caro ◽  
Carlos González Molina ◽  
Edwin Acevedo Borrero
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Juice Quality ◽  
Coastal Plains ◽  
Sugarcane Varieties ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Plant Crop

Three sites were selected in the northern humid coastal plains of Puerto Rico for the performance evaluation of 57 new sugarcane varieties. The experiments were located on typical soils of the sugarcane producing northern coastal plain region. A plant crop (fall planting) and two ratoons were harvested at each site. On the San Francisco farm between Arecibo and Utuado, the outstanding new varieties which outyielded all the others tested were PR 64-2548, PR 1152, PR 65-325 and PR 64-2705. Of these, PR 1152 and PR 64-2705 are the most promising varieties in this area because of their erect growth and the good quality of their juice. On the Las Claras farm, near Arecibo, the most promising new varieties for the area were PR 1141 and PR 62-258. On the Consejo farm at Barrio Bajadero, Arecibo, varieties PR 1117, PR 1152, Selección Soller, PR 1048, PR 62-469 and the PR 65-2523 performed best on the basis of cane tonnage. As a commercial variety for the area, PR 1152 was the most promising variety, having a good juice quality and intermediate cane tonnage per acre (40 to 45 tons). It can be harvested mechanically without difficulties because of its erect growth habit. PR 980 produced good tonnage, but was low in sucrose content, indicating that it should not be recommended for the northern humid coastal plains of Puerto Rico.

scholarly journals The Influence of Fertilizers on Cigar-Filler Tobacco Quality

1969 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 194-207
Author(s):  
George Samuels
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Major Element ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Nicotine Content ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Burning Rates ◽  
Nitrogen Treatment

The influence of fertilizers on cigar-filler tobacco quality, as judged by price per pound, was investigated, using three crops of a major-element fertilizer (N-P2O5-K2O) experiment at Aibonito on a Juncos clay and a source-of-nitrogen experiment at Caguas clay. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The use of 50 pounds per acre of nitrogen increased the quality of the tobacco significantly when compared to the no-nitrogen treatment. 2. Rates up to 150 pounds per acre of nitrogen did not increase significantly either yield or quality of tobacco per acre over the 50-pound-per-acre nitrogen treatment. However, the quality of the tobacco was not reduced by the high nitrogen applications. 3. Phosphates and potash failed to increase the quality of the tobacco. 4. Lime and magnesium oxide increased the quality of the tobacco. 5. The other sources of nitrogen used failed to increase the quality of the tobacco, as far as price per pound was concerned, beyond the price of the tobacco produced with ammonium sulfate. 6. The burning rates of cigars made with tobacco fertilized with various nitrogen sources showed urea to give the slowest rate of burning, and a mixture of urea and cottonseed meal the most rapid. Ammonium sulfate as a nitrogen source was about intermediate between these. 7. The nicotine content of the tobacco increased with applications of nitrogen up to the 100-pound-per-acre level. Phosphate and potash applications tended to lower the nicotine content of the tobacco leaf. 8. A discussion of the influence of fertilizers on quality of the tobacco is presented to aid the farmer in his use of fertilizer to increase tobacco quality. Warning is also given that these relationships on the relation between yield and quality of tobacco cannot be regarded as applicable to all commercial tobacco-growing in Puerto Rico until further work is done on other tobacco soils.

scholarly journals The effect of non-targeted application of propiconazole on the yield and quality of malt barley

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Karamanos ◽  
N. A. Flore ◽  
J. T. Harapiak ◽  
F. C. Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Fertilizer Rate ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
K Fertilizer ◽  
Malt Barley ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

Karamanos, R. E., Flore, N. A., Harapiak, J. T. and Stevenson, F. C. 2012. The effect of non-targeted application of propiconazole on the yield and quality of malt barley. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 341–349. There is a desire to use non-targeted applications of foliar fungicide to improve malting barley production under higher fertility situations. An experiment was conducted at 80 sites (location by year combinations) with a 12 combinations of N/P/K rate-placement to determine if applications of propiconazole improve malt barley yield and quality under high fertility conditions. Treatment differences for days to maturity were no greater than about 1 d. Fungicide by fertility treatment interactions were not significant (P>0.05). Applications of propiconazole improved yield by 305 kg ha−1 (6%) and plump kernels by 3 g kg−1 (3%) across all fertility treatments, which included N fertilizer rates ranging from 0 to 90 kg N ha−1. The effect of fungicide on yield was greatest at sites with highest yield potentials (ca. 8000 kg ha−1) and was not statistically significant at lower-yielding sites (ca. 3000 kg ha−1). Application of propiconazole also improved net returns [barley revenue – (N cost+propiconazole cost+other operating costs)] by $22 ha−1 with higher barley priced ($190 T−1) and high yield potentials. At sites with low yield potential, the application of propiconazole resulted in net losses of about $7 ha−1 compared with not applying propiconazole. Nitrogen fertilizer rates from 0 to 90 kg N ha−1 (15/30-0 P-K fertilizer treatment combinations) increased yield and protein concentration, and reduced plump kernels in a curvilinear fashion when averaged across fungicide treatments. Net returns were maximized at N fertilizer rates slightly less than 90 kg N ha−1, depending on the price/cost regime. Consequently, malt barley producers will have to consider tradeoffs regarding N fertilizer rate that optimizes yield/returns and kernel quality. Also, decisions regarding fungicide applications and N/P/K fertilizer rate-placement applications can be made independent of each other for malt barley production.

scholarly journals Pengaruh pengapuran dan pemupukkan P, K terhadap produktivitas dan kualitas buah papaya CV. Merah Muda di lahan rawa

Jurnal Agro ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-211
Author(s):  
Titin Purnama ◽  
Hendri Hendri ◽  
Jumjunidang Jumjunidang ◽  
D Fatri ◽  
Andre Sparta
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Average Production ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
K Fertilizer ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Plot Design

Pepaya Merah Delima berpotensi untuk dibudidayakan di lahan rawa lebak. Permasalahan lahan rawa lebak yaitu pH rendah dan ketersediaan hara dalam tanah rendah sehingga perlu diberikan pengapuran dan pemupukan tambahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan dosis kapur, pupuk P dan K terbaik untuk meningkatkan produktivitas dan kualitas pepaya Merah Delima. Penelitian dilakukan di lahan rawa lebak TTP Siak, Kecamatan Sai Mandau (BPTP Riau) dari bulan Januari 2018 sampai Desember 2019. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terbagi dengan petak utama yaitu dua taraf dosis kapur (6 dan 9 t ha-1) dan anak petak kombinasi dari tiga taraf dosis pupuk P2O5 (100, 200, 300 g tan-1) dan tiga taraf dosis pupuk K2O (150, 300, 450 g tan-1), setiap perlakuan terdapat tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian kapur dosis 6 t ha-1 dan kombinasi P dan K dosis 300 g tan-1+ 300 g tan-1 berturut-turut, dapat meningkatkan produksi pepaya Merah Delima sampai 51% dengan rata-rata produksi 98,00 kg tan-1, jumlah buah rata-rata 95,45 tan-1, bobot buah 1.031,30 g buah-1, PTT 11,81 oBrix, dan kekerasan buah 55,08 kg cm-2. Pemberian kapur dan tambahan pupuk P dan K efektif untuk memperbaiki sifat lahan rawa lebak sehingga dapat meningkatkan hasil tanaman pepaya Merah Delima. Papaya CV. Merah Delima is potential to be cultivated on tidal swampland. The problems of tidal swampland are low degree of pH and low nutrient availability in the soil, thus it needs additional liming and fertilization. This study aimed to obtain the best dose of lime, also phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to increase the productivity and quality of papaya cv. Merah Delima. The study was conducted at TTP Siak, Sai Mandau district (BPTP Riau) from January 2018 to December 2019. The study used a Split Plot Design with the main plot was two doses of lime (6 and 9 t ha-1) and the subplot was combination of three doses of P2O5 fertilizer (100, 200, 300 g plant-1) and three levels of K2O fertilizer (150, 300, 450 g plant-1), with three replications. The results showed the application of lime at dose of 6 t ha-1 combined by P and  K fertilizer of 300 g plant-1 + 300 g plant-1, respectively, could increase papaya production up to 51%, whereas average production 98.00 kg plant-1, average number of fruits 95.45 plant-1, fruit weight 1,031.30 g fruit-1, TSS 11.81 °Brix, and fruit hardness of 55.08 kg cm-2. Application of lime and additional fertilizer into the tidal swampland are effective to improve its characteristics and able to increase the papaya Merah Delima production.

scholarly journals Potassium requirements and effects of K fertilizer application on yield and quality of bananas in Guangxi, China

Tropics ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-120
Author(s):  
Hongwei TAN ◽  
Liuqiang ZHOU ◽  
Rulin XAIE ◽  
Meifu HUANG
Keyword(s):  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
K Fertilizer

scholarly journals KARNAL BUNT RESISTANCE IN SYNTHETIC HEXAPLOID/BREAD WHEAT DERIVATIVES

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-82
Author(s):  
Rabia Amir ◽  
Sumaira Salah-ud-Din Lodhi ◽  
Peter John ◽  
Abdul Mujeeb Kazi ◽  
Alvina Gul
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Extreme Environments ◽  
Karnal Bunt ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
The Public ◽  
Long Period ◽  
The World ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid

Karnal bunt is caused by a smut fungus (Tilletiaindica), which results in blackening of seeds in wheat. It is one of the most common fungal diseases of wheat and is subjected to quarantine in many countries of the world. The disease symptoms are usually blackening of seeds and fishy smell. The flour made by infested wheat is unlikely to be purchased and consumed by the public. The disease spores stay potent for a long period of time for upto 5 years or more, thereby reducing the chances of its eradication. Certain methods have been used to increase the resistance of plants against Karnal bunt, which includes use of fungicides as well as exposure to artificial extreme environments to kill the pathogen. Breeding for disease resistance is of huge interest to scientists as it is cheap and also results in better quality of crop for export purposes. We screened a set of synthetic/bread wheat derivatives against Karnal bunt and identified two resistant derivatives for breeders.

scholarly journals Effect of Pesticides on the Yield of Some Vegetable Crops in the Isabela Area of Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
R. Abrams ◽  
D. Walker ◽  
M. Rico Ballester
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
Snap Beans ◽  
Yield And Quality

The effects of different pesticides, namely, Parathion, DDT, Guthion, Di-Syston, and Dylox on the yield and quality of vegetable crops, were studied in the Isabela Area. The following major results were obtained: 1. Cucumbers: Sprays with Parathion or Guthion had no effect on the yield and number of fruits produced. 2. Snap beans: DDT application at the rate of 2 pounds per acre gave a significant increase in yield. Guthion, sprayed at the rate of 6 pounds per acre per spray, also produced a significant increase in the yield. 3. Sweet corn: DDT applications at the rate of 4 pounds per acre, sprayed on weekly, controlled foliage injury and, consequently, healthier and more vigorous plants were obtained. Foliar sprays of DDT, at the same rate as above, increased the number of ears produced. Spraying the silks with DDT at the rate of 4 pounds per acre per application, or dusting them with Dylox granular, 1 pound per acre, improved the quality of the ears produced. 4. Tomatoes: Foliar sprays with DDT and Parathion did not cause a significant increase in yield nor in the number of marketable fruits produced. Granular Di-Syston at the rate of 10 pounds per acre, had no effect on the yield or number of marketable fruits in this experiment.

scholarly journals Improvement of potato cultivation technology in conditions of Middle Urals

2020 ◽  
Vol 201 (10) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Fode Keita ◽  
M Karpuhin
Keyword(s):  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Control Factor ◽  
Middle Urals ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
The Middle Urals ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
The World ◽  
Feeding Area

Abstract. Potato is an important food and industrial crop, occupying one of the leading places in the world production of crop products. Its tubers contain all the necessary nutrients: carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, essential amino acids, organic acids, mineral salts. Potato is traditionally the second most important crop product in the Russian Federation after grain crops. In terms of production, Russia occupies one of the leading places in the world in terms of the gross harvest of potato tubers (10 % of the world volume), but in terms of productivity it is significantly inferior to all the leading potato growing countries of the world. Methods. To increase the yield and quality of the products obtained, it is of great importance to optimize the area for feeding potato. The studies were carried out on the experimental field of the educational and experimental farm “Uralets” of the Ural State Agrarian University (USAU), the village “Studencheskiy”, for three years (2016–2018) in the climatic zone of the Middle Urals. Purpose of research. The purpose of the research is to study the influence of the feeding area of Gala potato, the use of fungicides on the yield and quality of tubers in the Middle Urals. Gala potato variety, feeding area and fungicides were taken as the object of research. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that for the first time in the conditions of the Middle Urals it was established that the highest yield of all the studied options was obtained with a feeding area of 2450 cm2 (70 × 35 cm) using the fungicide Shirlan 36.6 t/ha (factor B), which is 31.1 % higher than control (factor A) with HCP05 = 0.79. Results. In experiments in the variant with a feeding area of 1400 cm2, the largest leaf area from 1 hectare was 27.47 thousand m2 and the maximum photosynthetic potential was 2.03 million day m2/ha. It is economically efficient to plant potato tubers in the developed technology with the use of the fungicide shirlan in the variant with a feeding area of 2450 cm2 (planting scheme 70 × 35 cm), where the lowest cost price (4446 rubles/t), the highest profit (269 172 rubles/ha) and the highest profitability were obtained (165.43 %).

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