scholarly journals Organizational and economic mechanism for the land use in rural areas

2021 ◽  
pp. 161-170
Author(s):  
A. N. Zhildikbaeva ◽  
◽  
L.A. Glushan ◽  
S.K. Elemesov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Cost Structure ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Effective Use

The goal is to consider the problems of institutional and organizational-economic mechanisms for the effective use of lands near the village on the basis of assessment of the existing load of livestock in personal subsidiary plots and the system of its maintenance in various natural and agriultural zones. Objectives – to analyze pasture use in rural settlements and to present the standards for maximum permissible load of grazing of farm animals on the area of pastures in different climatic zones. Results – regions with a shortage of near-aul lands for livestock, high concentration of the rural population, a discrepancy between the livestock number and the level of pasture provi-sion were identified. Areas with a low load of animals on pastures are identified. The ratio of the standards of demand and supply in forage for natural and agricultural zones and animal species is shown. The formula for determining the optimal number of livestock that can be grazed around a settlement, taking into account the feed stock and pasture capacity, is presented. Schemes of pasture rotation are presented and recommendations for their use are developed to preserve the productivity of natural forage areas of zonal types of near-aul pasture lands and to radically improve on the basis of natural economic zoning of the republic. The analysis of the degree of watering of near-village pastures by region is given. Costs per head unit for transition and long-term periods have been calculated. Conclusions – costs for the near future are based on the existing cost structure by item with some amendments. Purchased feed for all types of animals prevails in the cost structure. The degree of maintenance of rangelands in non-State agricultural enterprises within the boundaries of land use, where there is a reserve potential of unused forage lands, has been determined.

scholarly journals THE USE OF PASTURE LAND FOR KEEPING LIVESTOCK ON PERSONAL SUBSIDIARY PLOTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 147-154
Author(s):  
A.N. ZHILDIKBAYEVA ◽  
◽  
L.A. GLUSHAN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Desert Steppe ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Pasture Land ◽  
Low Load ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Insufficient Number

The authors of the article consider the institutional framework for regulating the use of rangelands in rural areas for the effective maintenance of livestock on household farms. On the basis of a detailed analysis, the issues of pastures allocated for livestock grazing to personal subsidiary farms have been identified. An assessment of the pasture lands of rural settlements and standards of the maximum permissible load of grazing of agricultural animals on the area of pasture turnover for the natural-agricultural zones of the republic and types of livestock are presented. The regions with a shortage of pasture lands and high concentration of the rural population, located in the foothill-desert-steppe, foothill-desert and mountain zones, incompliance of livestock kept in households and the level of pasture provision are identified. Areas with a low load of livestock on pasture land are identified. In the desert and semi-desert zones, there is an insufficient number of livestock for effective near-village pasture rotation. The ratio of the standards of need and provision in pasture fodder in different natural and agricultural zones by species composition of livestock is shown. The degree of use of pasture lands in various forms of economy of the republic is indicated, pastures assigned to peasant (private) farms are used with full load. Non-state agricultural enterprises within the boundaries of land use have a reserve potential of unused pastures with an area of 10.4 mln ha. A formula for determining the productivity and capacity of pasture lands for organizing cattle grazing is presented. Recommendations and schemes of pasture rotation are presented to preserve the productivity of natural forage lands of near-aul territories of zonal types of pastures, to radically improve the natural-economic zoning of Kazakhstan.

PRIORITIES FOR THE EFFECTIVE USE OF PASTURES IN DEVELOPING ANIMAL HUSBANDRY AT THE PRIVATE HOUSEHOLDS IN KAZAKHSTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1430-1444
Author(s):  
A.I. Sabirova ◽  
◽  
S.T. Zhumasheva ◽  
I.S. Taipova ◽  
M.A. Bryzgalina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Private Households ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Business Structures ◽  
Effective Use

The institutional and organizational-economic directions of the effective using pastures for keeping private households livestock around the settlement territories, creating favorable environmental conditions for rural residents, preventing land degradation around rural settlements are considered. The current regulatory framework of the Republic of Kazakhstan on the development of households and the use of pasture areas for developing animal husbandry is analyzed. Based on the assessment of the legislative support for this category of farms in the countries of the Union of Independent States, the rationale for the need to adopt the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan “On the activities of people’s private households” is provided. On the basis of a monographic study of rural areas around large rural settlements and private animals farms, the degree of seasonal use of pastures in rural areas in different natural and agricultural zones was determined, the regions with a lack of pastures and a high concentration of rural population, as well as the regions with a low load of livestock on pastures were identified. Households with a large number of livestock and output of marketable products, which do not have the status of individual entrepreneurs, were identified. An assessment is given of the state of reserve territories of reserve lands, forest resources and reserves for their possible involvement in agricultural turnover on the basis of long-term and short-term lease to replenish the feed stock of livestock kept in private households. Methods have been developed for determining the organizational and economic mechanisms for regulating livestock grazing in rural areas by observing the optimal load of livestock from private households and their seasonal use with the involvement of reserve lands in the agricultural turnover, transforming peasant farms into business structures.

scholarly journals EFFECTIVE USE OF REMOTE AND NEAR-VILLAGE PASTURES OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
A.A. TOREKHANOV ◽  
◽  
A.I. SABIROVA ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Near Future

The article is devoted to the discussion of issues related to the rational use of pasture lands, which form the basis of fodder base of animal husbandry. On the basis of statistical data on the presence of huge areas of pasture turnover and their feed capacity in the republic, the possibility of producing inexpensive ecologically clean livestock products on them is justified. Half of them (100 mln ha) are currently withdrawn from agricultural use and are classified as reserve lands. Their use in the near future- is a large reserve for improving food supply of the country's population with meat and meat products, and for increasing exports. The authors note that Kazakhstan has adopted a project to export 60 of thous. tons of beef. For production of such quantity of meat, it is necessary to keep livestock weighing 120 thous. tons, or about 300 thous. heads of cattle slaughtered annually for the sale of exported beef. It was revealed that 15% of the available pasture lands, or 26.5 mln ha, are degraded, a significant part of them are located in the territory belonging to rural settlements. This is the reason for the deterioration of the environment in rural areas. The article provides data from many years of research by scientists on seasonal pastures "spring-summer-autumn" suitable for grazing of cattle, their area is 68 mln ha, including in arid and desert regions - about 22.8 mln ha.

Improving Labor Productivity and Efficiency of the Use of Production Resources of Agricultural Enterprises

2021 ◽  
pp. 2-7
Author(s):  
S.A. Sharipov ◽  
◽  
N.L. Titov ◽  
G.A. Kharisov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Agricultural Business ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Production Resources

The article considers the current trends in the organization of agricultural production. The directions of evaluation of efficiency of use of production resources are revealed. The prospects for the development of agricultural business in the Republic of Tatarstan are determined. It is noted that in modern conditions, the importance of agriculture in ensuring food security is significantly increasing. The results of regulation of agricultural production and state support of various organizational forms of agricultural business are shown on the example of agricultural formations of the Republic of Tatarstan. They ensured the sustainable development of rural areas and the agricultural sector of the republic, increasing labor productivity and the efficiency of using the production resources of agricultural enterprises on the basis of innovations.

scholarly journals PROBLEMS OF ORGANIZATION AND COOPERATION IN AGRICULTURAL TOURISM IN THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-186
Author(s):  
Дафик Хафизов ◽  
Dafik Khafizov ◽  
Марсель Хисматуллин ◽  
Marsel Khismatullin
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Rural Tourism ◽  
Tourist Industry ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Agricultural Tourism

The article reflects the main statistical aspects characterizing the state of the modern market economy and the tourist industry. The dynamics of tourism development in Russia is analyzed, the potential of which is revealed on the example of the Republic of Tatarstan. The place of rural tourism in the development of rural areas is promoted, which contributes to the improvement of accomplishment of settlements, the development of engineering and social infrastructure; creation of new jobs; reduction of the level of unemployment in rural areas, growth of incomes of rural residents, development of small business, as well as increasing the ecological attractiveness of rural areas; increase the cultural and cognitive level of the rural population; replenishment of local budgets with additional funds. The problems of organization and cooperation in rural tourism have been identified, which impede the effective use of the tourist destination space. The most acute of them are: the underestimation of the importance of rural tourism in solving a number of national and regional problems, such as the preservation of small settlements, the cultural and historical heritage of the territories, rural life, increasing incomes, improving the living conditions of the rural population, streamlining the use of natural objects ; the absence of a national concept and a well-defined national policy for the development of rural tourism; acute shortage of financial and credit resources, difficulties in obtaining land for these purposes; inadequate degree of regulation of issues of interaction between hosts of guest houses with state, controlling, tax authorities.

scholarly journals Economic and social activities: basis for a model of development of rural border areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 885 (1) ◽  
pp. 012010
Author(s):  
B B Sharaldaev ◽  
V G Belomestnov ◽  
I A Sharaldaeva ◽  
I V Romanova ◽  
V V Budazhapov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Environmental Resources ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
World Heritage Sites ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Innovation Economy

Abstract In this paper we revealed the problems of development of border rural areas, causing their low economic and social attractiveness. We determined that the development of border rural areas involves the formation of mechanisms for the growth of economic and social activity. The methodological basis of the study is the concept of development of border rural settlements as the most important parts of the economic space. This development is based on the integrated use of economic, social and environmental resources while launching innovative and diversification projects as part of the regional development strategy. We showed the need to form a network of growth centres throughout the region, just as competing for economic, social and environmental resources, so complementing each other in terms of integrated use of resources. The global mission of border rural areas in the innovation economy as well as possible incentives to increase the socio-economic attractiveness of rural areas have been identified. The need for state support for cross-border rural areas was economically justified by identifying opportunity costs. A policy of “smart” protectionism and its effectiveness for the development of border rural areas was described. We proposed a model and main mechanisms for the development of economic, social and environmental activity in the border rural areas. We also revealed the specifics of development of border rural areas of the Republic of Buryatia where world heritage sites are located.

scholarly journals Relevant issues of social and economic stability of rural areas of the Republic of Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
A.B. Kizimbayeva ◽  
◽  
B.S. Saubetova ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Employment Level ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
The Republic ◽  
State And Local ◽  
And Migration

The article reveals theoretical and methodological aspects of assessing the sustainable development of rural areas in Kazakhstan. In the course of the analysis, the authors revealed that economically stable and socially developed rural areas will become the basis of stability, independence and food security of the country. Changes in the number of rural population, natural growth and migration growth in recent years have been analyzed. The main socio-economic indicators of development of the Kazakh countryside are presented. The authors state that the losses are mainly observed in the spheres of professional, scientific and technical activities. It is concluded that the problems of improving the level and quality of life in the countryside should not be solved by the old costly methods. The conditions and opportunities for the development of rural areas are diverse in the republic. In this regard, studies aimed at assessing the potential of rural settlements, as well as the effectiveness of the activities of State and local authorities in ensuring sustainable development of rural areas, become relevant. The generalization of literary sources and foreign experience showed the importance of the main directions of public support for rural residents, the implementation of which contributes to the efficient use of agricultural resources, modernization of production and development of innovative technologies, formation of conditions for the intensive development of small business and entrepreneurship in rural areas, the increase in the employment level of rural residents due to expanding the scope of non-agricultural activities and more fully involving rural labor resources in economic turnover, increasing their level of income.

scholarly journals "Green" Economy: Realities and Prospects in Agriculture in the Republic of Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Zh. S. Bulkhairova ◽  
◽  
A. O. Alieva ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Natural Capital ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Management Support ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Public Investments ◽  
Environmental Criteria ◽  
The Republic

The issues of "green" economy as a paradigm for the development of agricultural sector of the country's economy is analyzed. The main elements of the transition to ecosystems are summarized: price regulation in accordance with the basic principles of sustainable development of rural areas; reforming and developing an "ecological" tax system; sustainable public investments and their increase in natural capital; socially oriented strategies. The ways of implementing the concept of "green" economy: general economic and technological are shown. The main objectives of its development as significantly reducing the adverse impact on the environment and risks of environmental degradation are determined, as well as the possibilities and prerequisites for expanding its sphere in agriculture of the republic. It is noted that several projects have already been implemented in Kazakhstan that fully meet environmental criteria. It is indicated that in rural areas there are necessary conditions for production process of organic products. Data on organic producers of the Republic of Kazakhstan and other types of operators in the world are presented. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the ultimate goal of green economy is to create living conditions that optimize the interaction of its financial, environmental and social components, the relationship with the most advanced agricultural enterprises, the development of environmental management support programs that stimulate the formation of innovative networks and cluster structures in rural areas. The main principle of "green" economy is the expansion of organic agriculture sector, introduction of certificates for environmentally friendly products and increase in their exports.

ROLE OF AGRIBUSINESS STAFFING IN IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF LAND RESOURCES

10.12737/3799 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Гайнутдинов ◽  
Ilgizar Gaynutdinov
Keyword(s):  
Standard Method ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
The Republic

As we know, the level of organization and efficiency of agricultural production depends on provision of highly qualified specialists. Nowadays, we oversee a shortage of qualified personnel in the agribusiness of the Republic of Tatarstan. Increasing the agricultural products output, on the one hand, and lack of managerial staff in the agricultural enterprises, on the other hand, cause increasing the loading on industry experts, which drastically reduces their motivation to work and efficiency of industrial process control. All this leads to a decrease in efficiency of agricultural production. Studies show, that agribusiness personnel security system depends on their training and retraining in the higher educational institutions, on focused work of personnel services at various levels, on the level of wages, on satisfaction of specialists in social and economic conditions of labor, on output and load to one specialist. Agricultural enterprises do not use standard method for determining the needs of industry professionals. According to nominally - standard method in 2012, the plant industry needed in 1533 agronomists, but according to the information of personnel department of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic only 634 agronomists worked in the Republic, that was 41.3% of the estimated quantity. This has led to an expansion of the load on a single specialist, which reduced the efficiency of management, timely execution of processes for organizational reasons and low yields. The loss of crop production averaged in thе Republic was 648 863.600 rubles, that is equivalent to 119 276.3 tons of grain. The shortage of highly qualified personnel in rural areas, their low fixability, degradation qualitative and quantitative human capacity can be eliminated by the development and adoption at the federal and regional levels the targeted program of agribusiness staffing and develop guidelines and criteria for personnel policy. Social and economic activities, that promote security personnel include: material incentives increase, improvement of living conditions, the introduction of new forms of work organization, compliance labor intensity, professional and qualitative promotion of workers. The studies have shown that: an objective approach at making appointments to executive positions; use of personnel reserve; introduction of innovative technologies into the production; improvement of specialists remuneration systems; creation of a single automated system of personnel monitoring in agribusiness; improvement living conditions and higher wages of specialists - are the main measures, facilitating to consolidation of professionals in rural areas. All these measures will have maximum impact and benefit only in joint implementation by the owners of agricultural enterprises and government agribusiness agencies.

Human Health Resources In Kazakhstan

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aikan Аkanov ◽  
Тilek Меimanaliev ◽  
Аizhan Кyzayeva ◽  
Ainur Кumar ◽  
Gulzhakhan Kashafutdinova
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Medical Service ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
Its Regions ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Effective Use

We have analyzed human resources in healthcare of Kazakhstan over 1985-2011, and determined general trends and regularities. By the level of provision with physicians, Kazakhstan ranks as one of the leaders in the world, at the same time there have been a deficit of physicians in the Republic over the last 20 years, particularly in rural areas. As per its regions, there is an irregularity in the physicians provision rate: the most part of specialists is concentrated in cities – Almaty and Astana, there is a deficit of physicians in the Almaty, Коstanai, North-Kazakhstan and Jambyl Oblasts. The effective use of human resources will enable to optimize expenditure for the public health and to improve the medical service quality.

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