scholarly journals Damage assessment at depressurization of oil tank and spill oil product into water

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 112-117
Author(s):  
N. N. Ionona ◽  
R. G. Akhtyamov
Keyword(s):  
Damage Assessment ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Dangerous Goods ◽  
Emergency Transport ◽  
The Moment

A significant part of hydrocarbons is transported by rail. At the same time, oil products are considered dangerous goods, accidents during transportation of which can lead to emergency situations. The emergency situation caused by the depressurization of the tank car with gasoline was considered, as a result of which gasoline got into the river Volkhov (Kirishi, Leningrad Region). Presents the calculation of damage from emergency situations when transporting gasoline in a tank car. Defined the economic losses, as well as damage to the environment: atmospheric air, water and land resources. The total environmental damage is calculated. When the damage assessment analysis of the relationship between damage caused to the environment from the time elapsed from the moment of an emergency, prior to commencement of works on localization and liquidation of emergency transport. It was revealed that the least environmental damage would be if proceed to emergency response within the first hour. In the second hour, environmental damage increases by 68 %, and in the third hour it increases by another 23 %.The conclusion is made about the effectiveness of rapid response and work on localization of an emergency situation related to the spill of petroleum products into a water body. 

Simulation modeling of information exchange for the case of emergency situations during the transportation process on the railway transport

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Nina Fridrikhovna Sirina ◽  
◽  
Olga Andreevna Sisina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Information Interaction ◽  
Territorial Unit ◽  
Transportation Process ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Emergency Response Services

Emergencies that occur during the transportation process in rail transport entail variable over time values of loss of life, human health and material damage. Increasing the response time of emergency response services leads to an increase in the consequences and scale of incidents. One of the parameters determining delays in the response of special services and structures is the time taken to bring information from the emergency site, from the moment it was discovered and the transfer of information about it to the moment that this information was communicated to all officials of the railway structures and other emergency response services of the territorial unit within which the accident occurred. The paper presents the main theoretical calculations of a mathematical model describing the system of information interaction and exchange when communicating information about an emergency situation that occurred during the transportation process on the Sverdlovsk railway and developed a simulation model in the package of MATLAB application programs and SimEvents libraries.

Oil spills forecasting in rail accidents

2017 ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
Alex Elizariev ◽  
Timur Yusupov ◽  
Elena Elizarieva
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spills ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Emergency Situations

Objective: To scientifically substantiate and develop forecasting basis of emergency situations consequences on railway transport. Methods: Theoretical generalization and analysis of the current knowledge and understanding of oil spills forecasting, a geographic information system. Results: In accordance with the analysis of statistical data, the emergency situation during the transportation of oil and oil products by rail are associated more with mechanical damage to special tanks and release of petroleum products into the environment with subsequent ignition, or by contamination of land or water areas. One of the key safety components on rail transport of petroleum products is the prediction of possible emergency situations, modelling of development processes of the strait of petroleum products and risk assessment. Based on the analysis of existing methods of calculation of the consequences strait of petroleum products, as well as features of the simulation of the expiry with use of modern software such as Autodesk Inventor, ArcGIS, Surfer, the proposed methodological framework for prediction of consequences of emergency situations on objects of railway transport. The paper shows the opportunity on the basis of threedimensional models of the terrain in the zone of emergency, by means of geographic information modeling to determine the shape of the spill of petroleum product of a multifactorial consideration of the different parameters determining the quantitative and qualitative sides of the processes of the strait of oil products will allow to improve the accuracy of predictive assessments, and the use of modern IT-technologies to provide efficiency calculations. Practical importance: Applicationof the proposed approach will determine the quality of any system of support of decision-making, especially when planning rescue operations, including in the justification of the choice of those or other technologies of their conducting and use of various rescue equipment.

scholarly journals DESIGN AND CALCULATION SPECIFICS OF THE SUBSURFACE FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM

Fire Safety ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
T. M. Voitovych ◽  
V. V. Kovalyshyn ◽  
V. V. Chernetskyi
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Foaming Agent ◽  
Foaming Agents ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Fire Extinguishing ◽  
System Calculation ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Oil Tanks ◽  
Type Fuel

Introduction Despite the significant progress in technology, including the field of fire safety, fires of oil and petroleum products tanks remains one of the most difficult ones to extinguish. This type of deflagration develops rapidly, has protracted nature and requires the involvement of a large number of means and forces. Also, such fires cause enormous material and environmental damage and pose a significant danger to people's life and health. One of the safest ways to extinguish fires in oil and petroleum products tanks is a subsurface fire extinguishing method. This method uses foam concentrate with fluorinated stabilizers, an aqueous solution of which can cover the surface of petroleum products with a thin film. At the moment, this issue is not researched well enough in our country. The official Ukrainian regulation documents describe technical parameters of oil tanks extinguishing system, but the method described in these documents is the same for both subsurface fire extinguishing and surface foam supply. Therefore, a specific methodology for calculating the main parameters of the subsurface tank extinguishing system is necessary. Purpose The purpose of this study is to describe the methodology for calculating the main parameters of the subsurface tank extinguishing system. Calculation of the different technical parameters of the subsurface method-based extinguishing system depending on the tanks type, fuel types, concentrations of foaming agent, etc. is provided. Results This research outlines the main problems of fire extinguishing in tanks with oil and petroleum products, and specifics of their elimination by supplying fluorosynthetic foaming agents into the layer of combustible material. The research also describes calculation methods of the main parameters of the subsurface fire extinguishing method for extinguishing fires in oil and petroleum tanks using low expansion foam. Examples of calculation using tank RVS-10000 for both proposed methodology and methodology described in the official Ukrainian regulation documents are provided. Various technical parameters of the subsurface method-based extinguishing system were calculated depending on the tanks type, fuel types, concentrations of foaming agent, etc. Conclusion The results of this research prove that spendings on foam agents and damages from the oil fire can be reduced when using subsurface fire extinguishing method.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF POSSIBLE SCENARIOS OF DEVELOPMENT, DEVELOPMENT AND PROBABILITY OF IMPLEMENTATION OF AN EMERGENCY SITUATION DURING A FUEL GAS SEPARATOR

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
pp. 242-243
Author(s):  
Evgeniy Zherlygin ◽  
Konstantin Usov
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Gas Separator

At present, the safety of human life is the most important problem in the whole world. Hazardous objects include separators for cleaning for petroleum products and petrochemicals. Uncontrolled development of emergency situations associated with explosions and fires can lead to significant damage and death.

IMPLEMENTATIONS EMERGENCY RESPONSE SYSTEM IN CASE OF ACCIDENTS AND EMERGENCY SITUATIONS (ERA-GLONASS) FOR CARS AND TRUCKS IN UZBEKISTAN

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akmal Rustamov
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Call Center ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Emergency Response System ◽  
Response System

The paper addresses the problem of increasing transportation safety due to usage of new possibilities provided by modern technologies. The proposed approach extends such systems as ERA-GLONASS and eCall via service network composition enabling not only transmitting additional information but also information fusion for defining required emergency means as well as planning for a whole emergency response operation. The main idea of the approach is to model the cyber physical human system components by sets of services representing them. The services are provided with the capability of self- contextualization to autonomously adapt their behaviors to the context of the car-driver system. The approach is illustrated via an accident emergency situation response scenario. “ERA-GLONASS” is the Russian state emergency response system for accidents, aimed at improving road safety and reducing the death rate from accidents by reducing the time for warning emergency services. In fact, this is a partially copied European e Call system with some differences in the data being transmitted and partly backward compatible with the European parent. The principle of the system is quite simple and logical: in the event of an accident, the module built into the car in fully automatic mode and without human intervention determines the severity of the accident, determines the vehicle’s location via GLONASS or GPS, establishes connection with the system infrastructure and in accordance with the protocol, transfers the necessary data on the accident (a certain distress signal). Having received the distress signal, the employee of the call center of the system operator should call the on-board device and find out what happened. If no one answers, send the received data to Sistema-112 and send it to the exact coordinates of the team of rescuers and doctors, and the last one to arrive at the place is given 20 minutes. And all this, I repeat, without the participation of a person: even if people caught in an accident will not be able to independently call emergency services, the data on the accident will still be transferred. In this work intended to add some information about applying system project in Uzbek Roads especially mountain regions like “Kamchik” pass. The Kamchik Pass is a high mountain pass at an elevation of 2.306 m above the sea level, located in the Qurama Mountains in eastern Uzbekistan and its length is about 88km.The road to reach the pass is asphalted, but there are rough sections where the asphalt has disappeared. It’s called A373. The old road over the pass was by passed by a tunnel built in 1999. On the horizon, the snow-capped peaks of the Fan Mountains come into view. The pass is located in the Fergana Valley between the Tashkent and Namangan Regions.

scholarly journals Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Wildland Fires: Sensing, Perception, Cooperation and Assistance

Drones ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Moulay A. Akhloufi ◽  
Andy Couturier ◽  
Nicolás A. Castro
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Wildland Fire ◽  
Fire Intensity ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Systems ◽  
Wildland Fires ◽  
Natural Risk ◽  
Aerial Vehicles

Wildfires represent a significant natural risk causing economic losses, human death and environmental damage. In recent years, the world has seen an increase in fire intensity and frequency. Research has been conducted towards the development of dedicated solutions for wildland fire assistance and fighting. Systems were proposed for the remote detection and tracking of fires. These systems have shown improvements in the area of efficient data collection and fire characterization within small-scale environments. However, wildland fires cover large areas making some of the proposed ground-based systems unsuitable for optimal coverage. To tackle this limitation, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and unmanned aerial systems (UAS) were proposed. UAVs have proven to be useful due to their maneuverability, allowing for the implementation of remote sensing, allocation strategies and task planning. They can provide a low-cost alternative for the prevention, detection and real-time support of firefighting. In this paper, previous works related to the use of UAV in wildland fires are reviewed. Onboard sensor instruments, fire perception algorithms and coordination strategies are considered. In addition, some of the recent frameworks proposing the use of both aerial vehicles and unmanned ground vehicles (UGV) for a more efficient wildland firefighting strategy at a larger scale are presented.

scholarly journals Mobile Application Design Emergency Medical Call for the Deaf using UCD Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Risald Risald ◽  
Suyoto Suyoto ◽  
Albertus Joko Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Emergency Call ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Deaf People ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
The People ◽  
Emergency Event ◽  
Audio Communication

<p>Deaf or hearing loss is a condition of inability to hear something, either totally or partially. Hearing loss greatly affects the life of a person in communicating with the people around him. Deaf people will be very difficult when in a medical emergency, this is because the medical emergency situation requires fast action.</p><p>          The Healthy Phone application is a mobile medical emergency call application that can help people with hearing impaired when in emergency situations. With the Healthy Phone application, the user only needs to select an icon that suits the situation encountered in touchscreen mobile device then the message will be sent to the nearest hospital.</p>                To search for icons corresponding to emergencies, the User Centered Design (UCD) method is used. This application is very helpful for deaf people because this application does not require audio communication and user location is also sent automatically to the nearest hospital. The results were analyzed using four emergency event scenarios with a total score of 87% and an average user time of less than 0:42 sec indicating that the study was successful in designing a mobile medical emergency call application according to user requirements.

scholarly journals Probabilistic-deterministic approach of controlling the functionality of a technical system in normal and emergency operation modes

2018 ◽  
Vol 226 ◽  
pp. 04008
Author(s):  
Vladimir M. Zababurin ◽  
Marina A. Egorova ◽  
Yuliya A. Polyakova
Keyword(s):  
Open Systems ◽  
System Development ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Emergency Operation ◽  
Technical System ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Recovery Processes ◽  
Current State ◽  
Self Organized Criticality ◽  
Technical Systems

The main disadvantages of the existing methods of managing the current state of technical systems are revealed. A non-standard approach is proposed for managing the functionality of the system in emergency situations. The character of the dynamics of the recovery processes of the technical system is determined as its state approaches the emergency one on the basis of the recommendations of the theory of self-organized criticality (SOC). The physical criteria for assessing the current state of the technical system are revealed. The rationale for using the physical indicator of the functional destabilization of the system is given. The signs of the pre-emergency state of the technical system are considered. A grapho-analytical model for the development of an emergency situation has been developed. The fact of the inevitable increase in the entropy of the system upon its transition to an emergency state is established. Structuring of the system development process in an emergency situation is carried out in three stages. The methodology for estimating the pre-emergency state of complex open systems is presented. The advantages of the proposed approach to managing the state of technical systems in comparison with traditional ones are established.

Research Progress in Oil Spill Damage Assessment

2013 ◽  
Vol 405-408 ◽  
pp. 2409-2413
Author(s):  
Cheng Fei Niu ◽  
Ming He Zhu ◽  
Dong Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Technology Assessment ◽  
Damage Assessment ◽  
Fuzzy Neural Network ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Environmental Restoration ◽  
Fuzzy Neural

Marine oil spill does cause huge economic losses and brings serious damages to the marine ecological environment. Therefore, how to claim compensation for oil spill damages has become very crucial for the environmental restoration. In recent years, many researchers have designed various kinds of assessment models for evaluating oil spill damages. This paper analyzes these assessment models, discusses the legal claim and technology claim, finally the suggestions for further research of oil spill damage assessment is proposed, and then the application of fuzzy neural network in technology assessment is also recommended.

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