scholarly journals GENESIS AND EVOLUTION OF ONE MYTHOPOETIC MOTIVE (COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE KABARDIAN AND KARACHAY-BALKARIAN VERSIONS)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
З.Ж. КУДАЕВА
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Evolutionary Development ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Patron Saint ◽  
Evolutionary Changes ◽  
National Science ◽  
Spatial Level ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
The Subject

Исследование мифопоэтических представлений, лежащих в основе фольклорных мотивов и образов, сравнительно-типологическоеизучение семантики основных знаков и символов, принадлежащих к различным этническимтрадиция, наблюдение над процессом трансформации образов мифологических божественных персонажей являются одними из наиболее актуальных направлений исследованийв отечественной науки о фольклоре. Выявление типологически сходных явлений в традиционной этнической культуре адыгов, карачаевцев и балкарцев,исследование образов божества плодородия и покровителя овец, анализ «зооморфного кода»,присущего данным этническим культурным традициям, сопоставительное изучение эволюционных изменений мотивов и образов в адыгском и карачаево-балкарском фольклоре – все эти вопросы не становились предметом отдельного исследования в отечественной науке о фольклоре. В соответствии с этим основная цель и задача данной работы – сравнительное изучение различных этнических версий сюжета легенды об озерах (кабардинской легенды об озере Шатхурей и карачаево-балкарских легенд об озерах Хурла-кель, Чирик-кель, Тюпсюз-кель), выявление мифопоэтических воззрений, лежащих в основе схожих мотивов и образов,и изменений, происходящих в процессе эволюционного развитияосновного сюжетообразующего мотива и образа. В статье также прослеживается процесс формирования различных жанровых воплощений исследуемого архаического сюжета. Комплексный, системный подход к изучаемым явлениямобусловил необходимость использованиясравнительно-исторического и структурно-семиотического методов исследования. Выявлено, что в исследуемых этнических вариантах и версиях сюжета легенд воплощены представления, связанные с образами божеств (Амыша и Аймуша), покровителей овец и мелкого рогатого скота; выяснена знаковая семантика образов «белых баранов» (кабардинская версия) и «златорогого барана» (карачаево-балкарская версии) в различных его модификациях. Баран в исследуемых этнических традициях предстают символами жизни и плодородия, выступает в функции медиаторов между различными пространственными уровневыми структурами мифопоэтической модели мира. The study of mythopoetic representations underlying folklore motifs and images, the comparative typological study of the semantics of the main signs and symbols belonging to different ethnic traditions, the observation of the process of transformation of images of mythological divine characters are one of the most relevant areas of research in the national science of folklore. The identification of typologically similar phenomena in the traditional ethnic culture of the Circassians, Karachais and Balkars, the study of the images of the deity of fertility and the patron saint of sheep, the analysis of the “zoomorphic code” inherent in these ethnic cultural traditions, a comparative study of the evolutionary changes in motives and images in Adyghe and Karachay-Balkarian folklore – all these questions did not become the subject of a separate study in the national science of folklore. In accordance with this, the main goal and objective of this work is a comparative study of various ethnic versions of the plot of the legend of lakes (Kabardian legend of Lake Shathurei and Karachay-Balkarian legends of Lakes Khurla-kel, Chirik-kel, Tupsuz-kel), the identification of mythological and poetic views underlying similar motives and images, and changes occurring in the process of evolutionary development of the main plot-forming motive and image. The article also traces the process of formation of various genre incarnations of the investigated archaic plot. An integrated, systematic approach to the phenomena under study necessitated the use of comparative-historical and structural-semiotic research methods. It was revealed that in the studied ethnic variants and versions of the plot of legends representations associated with the images of deities (Amysh and Aymush), patrons of sheep and small cattle are embodied; the semantic semantics of the images of “white rams” (Kabardian version) and “golden-horned ram” (Karachay-Balkar version) in its various modifications are clarified. In the studied ethnic traditions, the ram appears as symbols of life and fertility, acts as mediators between various spatial level structures of the mythopoetic model of the world.

Foto-Etnografi dalam Proses Penciptaan Karya Seni Fotografi

Panggung ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arief Datoem
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Digital Photography ◽  
Cultural Representation ◽  
Visual Anthropology ◽  
Artistic Creation ◽  
Ethnographic Approach ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Emotional Approach

ABSTRACT This article aims at deepening the possibility of utilizing the art of photography that is rich of sig- nificance of the socio-cultural representation. The visual ethnographic field or photo-ethnography, which is relatively new, can provide assistance and answer for this. Therefore, the author has tried a form of collaboration between the photo-ethnographic approach and the sense approach in doing his research on the subject in order to obtain the deep understanding and the truth significance attached to them. The method of digital photography art creation which is intuitively the basis of the art cre- ation in digital domain, then was tried to be formulated, based on heuristics research in the process of the art of digital photography. This concept was developed from the experience in the field of digital photography and visual anthropology, guided by the basic theories of creativity, quantum theory in art, and theory of artistic creation that has existed before. Through emotional approach as a method, along with the structured systematic approach of photo-ethnography and with the deep awareness of the environment and social life of the subject leads to the creation of the image that tends to be better and more meaningful, more productive in a social sense, and offers a credible empiric documentation. Keywords: photo-ethnography, photography art works  ABSTRAK Artikel ini dibuat dalam upaya melakukan pendalaman mengenai kemungkinan peman- faatan seni fotografi yang kaya makna representasi sosio-kultural. Bidang etnografi visual atau foto-etnografi yang relatif masih baru, dapat memberikan bantuan dan jawaban un- tuk hal ini. Oleh karena itu penulis mencoba suatu bentuk kolaborasi antara pendekatan foto-etnografi dengan pendekatan rasa ketika melakukan penelitian terhadap subjek agar diperoleh pemahaman mendalam serta makna kebenaran yang menyertainya. Metode penciptaan seni fotografi digital yang merupakan dasar dari penciptaan seni secara intu- itif dalam domain digital, kemudian dicoba dirumuskan, berdasarkan penelaahan heu- ristik dalam proses seni fotografi digital. Konsep ini dikembangkan dari pengalaman di bidang fotografi digital dan antropologi visual, dipandu oleh teori-teori dasar kreativitas, teori kuantum dalam seni, dan teori penciptaan seni yang telah ada sebelumnya. Melalui pendekatan emosional sebagai metode, disertai dengan pendekatan sistematis yang ter- struktur dari foto-etnografi dan dengan kesadaran yang mendalam mengenai lingkungan dan kehidupan sosial subjek mengarah pada penciptaan gambaran yang cenderung lebih baik dan lebih bermakna, lebih produktif dalam arti sosial, dan menawarkan dokumentasi empiris yang kredibel. Kata kunci: foto-etnografi, karya seni fotografi

دية القتل الخطأ في الحوادث المرورية في الفقه الإسلامي: دراسة مقارنة Blood Money for Unintended Manslaughter in Traffic Accidents in Islamic Jurisprudence: A Comparative Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
عارف علي عارف القره داغي ◽  
فايزة بنت إسماعيل ◽  
ئاوات محمد آغا بابا
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Mutual Fund ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Inductive Approach ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Islamic Jurisprudence ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Blood Money ◽  
Major Factors

الملخّصيتعلق هذا البحث بموضوع دية القتل الخطأ في الحوادث المرورية في الفقه الإسلامي في العصر الحاضر لكثرة وقوعها وحاجة الناس إلى بيان أحكامها من حيث كيفية تقديرها. وتحرير الخلاف في دية المرأة، ومسألة دية الجنين في حال تعرضه للموت في بطن أمه نتيجة الحادث المروري، أو في حالة تعرضه للإجهاض والموت، وتناول أيضًا دية شخصين إذا ماتا نتيجة اصطدام سيارتين؛ فكيف تقدَّر الدِّية؟ وعالج البحث مسألة العاقلة في الوقت الحاضر التي تساعد الطرفين (الجاني والمجني عليه وذلك بجمع الدية وإعطائها للمجني عليه). وذلك من خلال استخدام المنهج الاستقرائي والمنهج المقارن: حيث يتم من خلاله جمع النصوص المتعلقة بالموضوع، وآراء العلماء المتقدمين، والمعاصرين، والمقارنة بينهما لمعرفة نقاط الاتفاق والاختلاف، لتجلية معالم الموضوع، وتسهيل مناقشتها بصورة دقيقة، ثم بيان الرأي الراجح. وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى أنَّ دية القتل في الحوادث المرورية في العصر الحاضر تساوي بالدينار الذهبي، الذي يساوي 4.250 جرامًا من الذهب، أو بما يساويها من النقد. وأنَّ الراجح هو تساوي دية الرجل مع دية المرأة. وفي حالة عدم وجود العاقلة لابأس من إنشاء شركة تعاونية لمساعدة من وقع منه الحادث.الكلمات المفتاحية: الدِّية، حوادث المرور، دية المرأة، دية الجنين، العاقلة. Abstract         This research addresses the subject of blood money for unintended manslaughter in traffic accidents according to Islamic jurisprudence in the present era due to the frequency of their occurrence and the need for people to understand the legal provisions concerning determining the amount. In this regard, we seek to clarify the disagreements regarding the blood money for women and foetuses that die in the mother’s womb as a result of traffic accidents or abortion. We also address the issue of blood money for two people who die as a result of collision between two cars. We also examine the issue of ʿĀqilah (those who pay the blood money) who helped the two parties (the offender and the victim by collecting blood money and giving it to the victim). To clarify these issues, we use the inductive approach and comparative method wherein we collect the various texts on the subject, and the views of classical and contemporary scholars to engage in a comparison between them in order to identify the points of agreement and disagreement between views. From here, we also hope to identify the major factors pertaining to such issues in order to facilitate a precise and concrete discussion to arrive at the most correct opinion. The study found that blood money for manslaughter in traffic accidents in the present era is equal to a gold dinar, which is equal to 4.250 grams of gold, or its cash equivalent. We advocate that the correct view is that the amount of blood money paid to a man is equal to that of a woman, and that in the absence of an ʿĀqilah it is possible to form a cooperative or mutual fund to render assistance to the victim.Keywords: blood money, traffic accidents, women, foetus, ʿĀqilah.

Comparative Study of Muslim Minorities

1991 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-316
Author(s):  
R. Hrair Dekmejian
Keyword(s):  
Native Americans ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Communal Identity ◽  
French Canadians ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
The World ◽  
Muslim Communities ◽  
Muslim Minorities ◽  
Cultural Regeneration

Most of the world’s Muslims reside in countries where they are numericallypredominant. As such, these Muslims possess a majoritarian outlook in sharpcontrast to the perspective of minority Muslims living in India, China, theUSSR, and some Western countries. In recent years, Muslim minorities havefound themselves at the confluence of diverse social forces and politicaldevelopments which have heightened their sense of communal identity andapprehension vish-vis non-Muslim majorities. This has been particularlytrue of the crisis besetting the Indian Muslims in 1990-91 as well as the newlyformed Muslim communities in Western Europe.The foregoing circumstances have highlighted the need for serious researchon Muslim minorities within a comparative framework. What follows is apreliminary outline of a research framework for a comparative study of Muslimminorities using the Indian Muslims as an illustrative case.The Salience of TraditionOne of the most significant transnational phenomena in the four decadessince mid-century has been the revival of communal consciousness amongminorities in a large number of countries throughout the world. This tendencytoward cultural regeneration has been noted among such diverse ethnic groupsas Afro-Americans, French Canadians, Palestinian Arabs, the Scots of GreatBritain, Soviet minorities, and native Americans. A common tendency amongthese groups is to reach back to their cultural traditions and to explore thoseroots which have served as the historical anchors of their present communalexistence. Significantly, this quest for tradition has had a salutary impactupon the lives of these communities, for it has reinforced their collectiveand individual identities and has enabled them to confront the multipledifficulties of modem life more effectively. By according its members a sense ...

A comparative study of urban resilience in coping with the crisis in the metropolises of Tehran and Mashhad

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Nedaei ◽  
Mirali Seyednaghavi ◽  
Marzieh Firouzfar ◽  
Nahid Zamani
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Delphi Method ◽  
Rockefeller Foundation ◽  
Urban Resilience ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Resilience Indicators ◽  
First Time

Purpose In recent years, cities have been facing economic, social and environmental crises that need to be prevented and dealt with. The new subject that has been brought up to improve city resistance to crises is urban resilience. The purpose of this study is to compare the resilience of Tehran and Mashhad to identify the strengths and weaknesses of these two cities for better planning in critical situations. Design/methodology/approach The research methodology is a comparative survey. The importance of the subject was manifested through a literature review. A questionnaire is designed using “the Rockefeller Foundation and ARUP’s model” and the Delphi method for testing 21 research hypotheses to evaluate resilience in the two cities (12 Delphi questionnaires and 232 urban resilience questionnaires). The data is analyzed using independent samples t-test by SPSS software. Findings The results show that both the cities are weak in terms of resilience indicators and sub-indicators, but Mashhad is more resilient than Tehran. Originality/value This paper compares urban resilience in Iran for the first time through a comparative study between two metropolises in the country. The Delphi method also is used for the first time (in Iranian case studies) to obtain the dimensions of urban resilience. By comparing the two cities, we can better understand their strengths and weaknesses.

Verification of court decisions in criminal cases: history and modernity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Panokin
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Doctoral Students ◽  
Judicial Review ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
Soviet System ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Subsequent Transformation ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Post Soviet Period

The paper analyzes the historical retrospective and a comparative study of the verification of court decisions in criminal cases. The author traces the emergence of the idea of checking court decisions and the first experiments of its implementation, the transition from the "court with a judge" to the "audit" procedure for monitoring court decisions, and then to the consideration of complaints against court decisions as a continuation of the dispute between the parties and the formation of methods and procedures for reviewing criminal cases, depending on the subject of appeal. The features of the Romano-German and English models of judicial review are highlighted. Special attention is paid to the Soviet system of verification of sentences, rulings and definitions as the basis of the socialist model of judicial review and its subsequent transformation in Russia in the post-Soviet period. The monograph is intended for researchers, teachers, undergraduate, specialist, master's, postgraduate and doctoral students, as well as practicing lawyers.

scholarly journals Penguatan Konsep Kombinatorika Siswa SMAN 1 Muara Batu Kabupaten Aceh Utara dalam Menghadapi KSN-K Bidang Matematika 2021

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Herizal Herizal
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
School Level ◽  
Level Data ◽  
National Science ◽  
Service Activity ◽  
The Subject

This community service activity aimed to strengthen students’ understanding of  the combinatorics concepts in facing the regency-level of National Science Competition (KSN) in field of mathematics in 2021. The activity was carried out in March-April 2021 for six meetings in the form of training/coaching. The training used both discovery and drilling methods. The location of the activity was at SMAN 1 Muara Batu, North Aceh Regency with four students as the subject who have been selected at the school level and selected to participate in the KSN at the regency level. Data analysis was carried out qualitatively by direct observation to observe the improvement of the students’ comprehension during the learning process. The result obtained was an improvement of the students’ understanding of combinatorics topic. It can be seen in solving problems, the students are able to determine what concepts will be used and able to solve several KSN questions on combinatorics topic.

scholarly journals GERMAN LEGAL TERMS: RESTORATION OF THE SEMANTIC FOUNDATIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (10(78)) ◽  
pp. 100-103
Author(s):  
Oksana Balanaieva
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Objective Data ◽  
Research Task ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Semantic Parameters

The article deals with the analysis of the process of forming terminological units by means of lexis de-symbolization. The functioning of this way and its meaning for forming legal terminology is examined here. The lexical base of analysis is formed with the complex of lexis of the German legal terminological system. The objective of the current research is a multifaceted study and description of the semantic foundations of lexical units of law. The requirement to implement this objective has determined the need to solve the following research task: to investigate the process of de-symbolization of words, i. e. the transformation of words into terminological units primarily through the restoration of their semantic foundations (as exemplified by a number of German lexemes). The object of the research is the lexicon of the domain of the legal terminology of the said language. The subject of the research is the formation of legal terms as a result of the process of de-symbolization of the respective words (notions). The material involved in the study was considered from the standpoint of a systematic approach. In order to obtain objective data when determining the semantic foundations of terminological units of law, the descriptive method and the comparative one were used, as well as the method of semantic bundles (series). Examining the process of de-symbolization of lexical units makes it possible to draw the conclusion that the functioning of words in the context of certain semantic parameters determines the change in the content of those words' symbolic foundations. The words are used in a narrower sense, since they have become terms.

scholarly journals Langage et système des lois suisses

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 579-597
Author(s):  
François Dessemontet
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Number Fields ◽  
Legislative Process ◽  
Department Of Justice ◽  
Basic Law ◽  
Federal Department ◽  
Official Languages ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Swiss Experience

This paper addresses the issue of a systematic approach to the drafting of legislation, in the light of Swiss experience. Starting from a brief survey of inflationary tends in the production of Legislative material, the author brings out the mutually reinforcing interplay between these tends and a widening lack of consensus about the contents and enforceability of legislation. While such factors hardly favour systematic lawmaking, a number of institutional features in the Swiss federal legislative process help maintain the quality of legislative instruments — namely the very length of the process, the bicameralism, the plurality of official languages, and the subjection of laws to the referendum procedure. Further, the practice of Swiss Legislators shows concern for the preservation of systematic unity. Thus, the federal department of Justice has devised a set of Principles of legislative drafting, supplemented by a checklist that can be applied to any draft legislative instrument. In a number fields where lawmaking authority vests in the cantons rather than in the Confederation, federal authorities have drafted model laws in the hope of promoting uniformity between cantonal legislation. In.other fields, where law-making authority has been given to the Confederation, federal legislation has sometimes been limited to a basic law, containing broad provisious only leaving details to be filled in by each of the cantons. The technique of codification, by contrast, has not been resorted to since the major achievements in civil and criminal law during the first half of this century. Finally, Swiss legislative draftsmen, both federal and cantonal, have been concerned lately with the improvement of drafting and style, as is shown by the recent spread of guidelines, instructions and even laws on the subject.

scholarly journals Punctuation Marks and Signs of Cessation in Qur`an: a comparative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-59
Author(s):  
Abdur-Rasheed Mahmoud-Mukadam
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Usual Treatment ◽  
Holy Quran ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Holy Quran ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Contemporary Writers ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shed Light

The subject of punctuation in Arabic writing may be one of the topics in which there was a great deal of writing. However, the close look at this paper reveals that there are some new things that the researcher is interested in highlighting in this article. To clarify positions in the Holy Quran. And that some contemporary writers do not take into account the status of these signs and interesting situation in the appropriate places, but they refuse to take into account behind their appearance when writing Arabic became randomly writing, Based on the above, the researcher can shed light on the importance of these punctuation marks and indicate the relationship between them and the signs of the Qur`anic cessation, which does not mean the use of the first place with The existence of the connection and kinship between them; because the writing of Qur`an is descriptive, it could never be treated in the places of cessation and tone as   usual treatment of the normal writing.

scholarly journals Migration and Education: Challengs of Interculturality

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (110) ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
Lolo Jua Mamani Daza ◽  
Ana Rosario Miaury Vilca ◽  
Liliana Rosario Alvarez Salinas ◽  
Hilda Lizbeth Pinto Pomareda
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Las Casas ◽  
Bartolome De Las Casas ◽  
Place Of Origin ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Real Academia

The teaching work implies facing constant challenges, in all academic senses, and among these, the challenges of cultural diversity in the classroom, where scientific, technological, social and cultural traditions of each person's place of origin coexist in the classroom. This paper evaluates epistemological proposals for intercultural teaching practices. Academic works developed to improve multicultural teaching practice are reviewed. The results show that there has not been a real and conscious debate on multiculturalism in the classroom and aspects related to migration and education. Anthropology has not taken a significant role in the subject. Keywords: Multiculturalism, migration, education. References [1]RAE, «Real Academia Española,» 2021. [Online]. Available: https://dle.rae.es/intercultural#Ra6Zgbj. [Last access: July 01, 2021]. [2]J. Godenzzi, «Equidad en la diversidad. Reflexiones sobre educación e interculturalidad en los Andes y Amazonía,» Centro Bartolomé de Las Casas, , Cuzco-Perú. [3]Y. Harari, De animales a dioses, Titivillus, 2014. [4]V. Rovagnati, E. Pitt y N. Winstone, «Feedback cultures, histories and literacies: international postgraduate students’ experiences,» Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 2021. [5]M. Tovar, «Una América plural: Los retos de la interculturalidad,» La Piragua, vol. 24, nº II, p. 66, 2006. [6]El Universo, «¿Es el Ecuador racista?,» 17 marz0 2003. [Online]. Available: https://www.eluniverso.com/2003/03/17/0001/21/A43872FA22014CF7943CF6B117E70E94.html. [Last access: July 4, 2021]. [7]Ministerio de Cultura, «Discriminación y Racismo en el Perú,» [Online]. Available: https://alertacontraelracismo.pe/discriminacion-y-racismo-en-el-peru. [Last access: July 4, 2021]. [8]Á. Bello y M. Rangel, «ETNICIDAD, "RAZA" Y EQUIDAD EN AMÉRICA LATINAY EL CARIBE,» CEPAL, 2000. [9]Unión europea de protección civil y ayuda humanitaria, «Conociendo a la población refugiada y migrante de Lima Metropolitana,» PNUD, Lima-Perú, 2020. [10]Ministerio de Cultura del Perú, «Estadísticas de reportes,» Ministerio de Cultura del Perú, Lima-Perú, 2013.

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