scholarly journals "VESTIGES OF THE PAST", "NEW TRADITIONS" AND OTHER TRENDS OF THE NORTH CAUCASIAN SEGMENT OF SOVIET HISTORIOGRAPHY (1960-1980).

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-81
Author(s):  
З.В. КАНУКОВА ◽  
К.Ф. ДЗАМИХОВ
Keyword(s):  
National Policy ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Spiritual Values ◽  
Interethnic Relations ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Soviet Historiography ◽  
Practical Recommendations

Идея формирования единой общности «советский народ», озвученная на ХХII съезде КПСС в 1961 году, поставила перед гуманитарной наукой задачу теоретического обоснования формирования «нового типа исторической общности». Этнокультурное многообразие народов страны представлялось препятствием в решении этой стратегической задачи, поэтому в научной повестке появились вопросы унификации этнического самосознания, культуры, быта и духовных ценностей. В настоящей статье представлен историографический обзор работ северокавказских ученых 1960-1980 годов, позволивший определить влияние государственной национальной политики страны на региональную гуманитарную науку. Выявлено, что главными тенденциями северокавказского сегмента советской историографии были критика пережитков прошлого, устаревших традиций, обоснование необходимости новой советской обрядовой культуры и разработка практических рекомендаций по ее внедрению. Работа на поставленную задачу плохо сочеталась с другими, действительно важными для науки проблемами национальной культуры и самосознания, межнациональных отношений. Вместе с тем, северокавказские ученые, принимая активное участие в дискуссиях по поводу этнических дефиниций «нация», «традиция», «обычай», «обряд» и других не ограничивались пропагандой и агитацией. В условиях непоследовательной национальной политики они столь же непоследовательно и противоречиво обсуждали соотношение национального и интернационального в культуре, разрабатывали модели «синтетической традиции», которая бы совмещала национальные формы с социалистическим содержанием. Вместе с тем высказывали достаточно смелые мысли о перегибах в борьбе с традиционной культурой, об искусственном разрыве связи времен и препятствии освоению культурного наследия, об исторической обусловленности, динамичности и подвижности традиции. Сделан вывод о негативном влиянии идеологического пресса на гуманитарную науку, в частности на этнологию и на очевидный, но не в полной мере реализованный потенциал ученых-кавказоведов. The idea of forming a single community of "Soviet people", voiced at the XXII Congress of the CPSU in 1961, set before the humanitarian science the task of theoretical justification for the formation of a "new type of historical community". The ethno-cultural diversity of the peoples of the country seemed to be an obstacle in solving this strategic task, so the issues of unification of ethnic identity, culture, everyday life and spiritual values appeared on the scientific agenda. This article presents a historiographical review of the works of North Caucasian scientists of 1960-1980, which made it possible to determine the impact of the state national policy of the country on the regional humanities. It is revealed that the main trends of the North Caucasian segment of the Soviet historiography were criticism of the remnants of the past, outdated traditions, justification of the need for a new Soviet ritual culture and practical recommendations for its implementation. Work on the task was poorly combined with other, really important for science problems of national culture and self-consciousness, interethnic relations. At the same time, the North Caucasian scholars, taking active part in discussions about ethnic definitions of "nation", "tradition", "custom", "rite" and others, were not limited to propaganda and agitation. In the conditions of inconsistent national policy, they equally inconsistently and contradictory discussed the ratio of national and international in culture, developed models of "synthetic tradition" that would combine national forms with socialist content. At the same time, they expressed rather bold thoughts about excesses in the fight against traditional culture, about the artificial rupture of the connection of times and obstacles to the development of cultural heritage, about the historical conditionality, dynamism and mobility of tradition. The conclusion is made about the negative influence of the ideological press on the humanities, in particular, on ethnology and on the obvious, but not fully realized potential of the Caucasian scientists.

The Impact of Public Policy on Support Services for Indigenous Families with Children with Special Education Needs

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Trimmer ◽  
Roselyn Dixon
Keyword(s):  
National Policy ◽  
Disability Services ◽  
For Profit ◽  
The Past ◽  
Not For Profit ◽  
Special Education Needs ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
Education Needs ◽  
Families With Children ◽  
The Impact

In Australia and Europe, government agencies and not-for-profit organisations (NFPOs) have had long involvement in the funding and provision of community disability services. Significant change has occurred in Australia over the past two decades in the way government funds are expended, with marketplace mechanisms increasingly being used. As a consequence of economic and governance imperatives, funding of services via NFPOs has changed significantly with a move away from the provision of grants to the contracting of these organisations for the provision of services. In 2013, a new national policy, the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS), was introduced that has impacts for the provision of disability services for children and their families. In particular, Indigenous families are likely to experience barriers in accessing services. This paper reviews the impact of international changes in policy and associated funding models and considers the impacts and research implications of Australia's initial experience of implementation of the NDIS.

Famous teachers and educators of the first half of the XX century about the problems of the North Caucasian muslim education.

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-222
Author(s):  
Nadezhda O. Bleich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Process ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Past Century ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
New Type ◽  
Historical Heritage

The article is devoted to the consideration of the worldview positions of famous educators of the past century regarding the state of school education among Muslims of the North Caucasus region. It is proved that the enlighteners advocated the creation of a new type of national non-class school and the construction of the didactic foundations of the educational process in it. The novelty of the work is that, based on the analysis of the views of the advanced intelligentsia of the region, aimed at understanding the current socio-cultural situation, an attempt was made to scientifically understand the problems and prospects for the development of the Muslim educational system of the past from the point of view of the modern scientific paradigm. The practical significance of the publication lies in expanding the understanding of the system of Mohammedan education in the context of its historical heritage, which will help to comprehend modern problems associated with the reform of general and vocational education in the national Muslim republics.

scholarly journals City Profile: Johannesburg, South Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-270
Author(s):  
Caryn Abrahams ◽  
David Everatt
Keyword(s):  
Urban Governance ◽  
Industrial Plant ◽  
The Political ◽  
African Continent ◽  
The Past ◽  
Fiscal Management ◽  
The North ◽  
Rivers And Streams ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The city of Johannesburg offers insights into urban governance and the interesting interplay between managing the pressures in a rapidly urbanizing context, with the political imperatives that are enduring challenges. The metropolitan municipality of Johannesburg (hereafter Johannesburg), as it is known today, represents one of the most diverse cities in the African continent. That urbanization, however, came up hard against the power of the past. Areas zoned by race had been carved into the landscape, with natural and manufactured boundaries to keep formerly white areas ‘safe’ from those zoned for other races. Highways, light industrial plant, rivers and streams, all combined to ensure the Johannesburg landscape are spatially disfigured, and precisely because it is built into the landscape, the impact of apartheid has proved remarkably durable. Urban growth is concentrated in Johannesburg’s townships and much of it is class driven: the middle class (of all races) is increasingly being found in cluster and complexes in the north Johannesburg, while poor and working-class African and coloured communities in particular are densifying in the south. The racial and spatial divisions of the city continue to pose fundamental challenges in terms of governance, fiscal management and spatially driven service delivery.

scholarly journals Eyewitnesses of History

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Paolo Simoni
Keyword(s):  
National Policy ◽  
Historical Source ◽  
Archival Material ◽  
The Past ◽  
Home Movies ◽  
Film Productions ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Amateur Film

The role of amateur cinema as archival material in Italian media productions has only recently been discovered. Italy, as opposed to other European countries, lacked a local, regional and national policy for the collection and preservation of private audiovisual documents, which led, as a result, to the inaccessibility of the sources. In 2002 the Archivio Nazionale del Film di Famiglia (Italy’s Amateur Film Archive), founded in Bologna by the Home Movies Association, became the reference repository of home movies and amateur cinema, promoting the availability of a cultural heritage that had previously been neglected. Today, it preserves about 5,000 hours of footage, contributes to documentary film productions and acts as a cultural and production center. The impact factor of the Home Movies Archive on the Italian audiovisual scenario and the sustainable perspectives strengthen the awareness that amateur film offers new opportunities to discover and represent the past from a different perspective, the one of an eyewitness “from below”. The article overviews the European and Italian discovery of amateur cinema as historical source from the seventies, and some cases from the Italian panorama during the last fifteen years, which powerfully raised the attention on home movies and amateur archive material.

ETHNOPOLITICAL NOTES FROM THE DIARYOF THE NORTH CAUCASUS FEDERAL DISTRICT

2019 ◽  
pp. 253-260
Author(s):  
M.A. ASTVATSATUROVA
Keyword(s):  
National Policy ◽  
Federal District ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Interethnic Relations ◽  
Specific Content ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
The North ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Negative Factors

The article is devoted to the typical trends of the modern ethno-political situation in the North Caucasus Federal district (NCFD). The aim of the research is scientific understanding and identification of determinants, complex positive and negative factors of interethnic relations, as well as the specific content and forms of policy and management with the account of the ethnicity factor and the current ethnocratic system preserved in the republics of the Russian Federation NCFD. The article focuses on the problem of rotation of power personalities and change of elites as the global problem of relations between the power and civil society, as a problem of restrictions of public policy and public administration. The article emphasizes as an independent risk the current state and crisis manifestations of federal relations in the NCFD, both vertically and horizontally, which have a precedent effect and a Domino effect. The analysis that has been carried out permits the development of the resulting idea of the next (second) ethno-political timeout in the NCFD. The article demonstrates the necessity to search and realize new political-administrative and organizational efforts for the optimization of the register of national questions taking into account their modern multiplication in a context and in submission to the civil question. The author proposes considerations on the formulation of the main directions of strengthening the modern ethno-political timeout of the NCFD for the optimization of national issues in the context of the general civil issue in the context of the main goal of the state national policy.

scholarly journals The Norse landnám on the North Atlantic islands: an environmental impact assessment

Polar Record ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Dugmore ◽  
Mike J. Church ◽  
Paul C. Buckland ◽  
Kevin J. Edwards ◽  
Ian Lawson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Environmental Gradient ◽  
Ninth Century ◽  
Geographical Patterns ◽  
Human Interactions ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
Initial Settlement ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The Impact

The Norse colonisation or landnám of the North Atlantic islands of the Faroes, Iceland, and Greenland from the ninth century AD onwards provides opportunities to examine human environmental impacts on ‘pristine’ landscapes on an environmental gradient from warmer, more maritime conditions in the east to colder, more continental conditions in the west. This paper considers key environmental contrasts across the Atlantic and initial settlement impacts on the biota and landscape. Before landnám, the modes of origin of the biota (which resulted in boreo-temperate affinities), a lack of endemic species, limited diversity, and no grazing mammals on the Faroes or Iceland, were crucial in determining environmental sensitivity to human impact and, in particular, the impact of introduced domestic animals. Gathering new data and understanding their geographical patterns and changes through time are seen as crucial when tackling fundamental questions about human interactions with the environment, which are relevant to both understanding the past and planning for the future.

The history of the great northwest European rivers during the past three million years

1988 ◽  
Vol 318 (1191) ◽  
pp. 559-602 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Drainage System ◽  
River System ◽  
Estuarine Sediments ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
River Valleys ◽  
Continental Glaciation ◽  
The Impact

This paper is based on a review of the histories of the Rivers Elbe, Saale, Weser, Rhine, Meuse, Scheldt, Thames, Somme and Seine. Two further rivers no longer in existence, the Baltic and Channel rivers, are also included. The histories of these rivers illustrate how the interplay of tectonics and climate have influenced the northwest European drainage system through the late Cainozoic. The foundations of the modern drainage system were laid in the Miocene when earth movements associated with Alpine orogenesis and the opening of the North Atlantic were at their height. In general, these early rivers occupied shallow valleys and transported only chemically resistant minerals and lithologies. The Pleistocene was marked by the appearance of cold climates. These climates resulted in fluvial dissection of the landscape, which stripped first regolith, then fresh material derived by periglacial processes. This material accumulated in the river valleys as gravel and sand deposits, which make up the overwhelming bulk of Pleistocene fluvial sediments. The rivers generally adopted braided courses during cold stages. The deeply incised modern valley system has developed largely as a result of rapid climatic changes over the past 2.4 Ma or so. Throughout this period the river system has undergone repeated adjustments in response to continental glaciation. These responses are discussed. Particular attention is paid to the impact of the Anglian-Elsterian glaciation that blocked the southern North Sea to produce a vast ice-dammed lake, the overspill from which initiated the Dover Straits. By contrast, interglacial sedimentation comprises predominantly fine, often fossiliferous sediments with rivers normally adopting single-thread channels, while estuarine sediments were deposited in areas invaded by high eustatic sea levels. The impact of sea-level change on the length of rivers and their courses is considered.

The Dynamics of Impacts Tools the Loading Boom Bucket Wheel Excavators

2014 ◽  
Vol 683 ◽  
pp. 213-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horst Gondek ◽  
Jiří Neruda ◽  
Jiří Pokorný
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Belt Conveyor ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
The North ◽  
Conveyor Belts ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Impact

One of the major problems of long-distance belt conveyor technology, and not only in the North Bohemian mines, are impacts of rock blocks on the belts which increases the belts wear and reduces their service life. Therefore, in this paper there are widely discussed the rock impacts dynamics, a new type of device - the impact rods intended for significant reducing the number of punctures in the conveyor belts and thus for prolongation of their service life and modeling of the proposed devices. Application of the impact rods is estimated in the impact stands of the systems of conveyors removing the coal extracted by the bucket wheel excavator KU 300.

scholarly journals Features of small forms of soviet autonomy in Kuban in the first half of the XX century: on the example of the Armenian district

2019 ◽  
pp. 130-133
Author(s):  
A. G. Ryabchenko ◽  
I. D. Zolotareva
Keyword(s):  
Regional Scale ◽  
National Policy ◽  
High Status ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
Administrative Organization ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
Village Council ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
Soviet Historiography

At different stages of Soviet historiography, priorities in studying the history of the national administrative organization of the small peoples of the USSRoften changed for various reasons, but it always evoked constant interest. The Communist Party of the CPSU (b), which was ruling in Soviet Russia in the early 1920s, Leninist national policy greatly contributed to the emergence of a number of autonomous administrative-territorial formations that were national in nature and had a very different status. The territorial national status varied from high status of an autonomous republic, an autonomous region to an autonomous region, and even a national village council. Those. a separate settlement. In the Southeast, and later the North Caucasusregion of the RSFSR, already in the early 1920s. National administrative districts received existence as national autonomies of a regional scale, including the Armenian National District. This article is dedicated to this area.

scholarly journals Early-diverging fungal phyla: taxonomy, species concept, ecology, distribution, anthropogenic impact, and novel phylogenetic proposals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Voigt ◽  
Timothy Y. James ◽  
Paul M. Kirk ◽  
André L. C. M. de A. Santiago ◽  
Bruce Waldman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Species Concept ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Current Application ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Basal Fungi

AbstractThe increasing number of new fungal species described from all over the world along with the use of genetics to define taxa, has dramatically changed the classification system of early-diverging fungi over the past several decades. The number of phyla established for non-Dikarya fungi has increased from 2 to 17. However, to date, both the classification and phylogeny of the basal fungi are still unresolved. In this article, we review the recent taxonomy of the basal fungi and re-evaluate the relationships among early-diverging lineages of fungal phyla. We also provide information on the ecology and distribution in Mucoromycota and highlight the impact of chytrids on amphibian populations. Species concepts in Chytridiomycota, Aphelidiomycota, Rozellomycota, Neocallimastigomycota are discussed in this paper. To preserve the current application of the genus Nephridiophaga (Chytridiomycota: Nephridiophagales), a new type species, Nephridiophaga blattellae, is proposed.

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