scholarly journals KALKULACIJA PROIZVODNJE KRUŠKE SORTE VILJAMOVKA NA PORODIČNOM GAZDINSTVU

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nela Bojovic ◽  
◽  
Milan Jovanovic ◽  
Biljana Veljkovic ◽  
Ranko Koprivica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Price ◽  
Family Farm ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Calculation Data ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Village

The paper presents calculation of production of Viljamovka pear on family farm in area of the village Kriva Reka near the municipality of Gornji Milanovac. The orchard is in the phase of full fertility and was raised in 2009, on area of 1ha. For the purposes of making the calculation data from 2018 was used, and represent average year during period of full fertility of the orchard. Used the gross margin calculation, the costs incurred were analyzed achieved economic results and the cost price of a pear in the production year.

Determination of the minimum number of technological bases of a part

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-75
Author(s):  
B.M. Bazrov ◽  
T.M. Gaynutdinov
Keyword(s):  
Cost Price ◽  
Labor Input ◽  
Part Surface ◽  
Technological Base ◽  
Size Accuracy ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Input Cost ◽  
Selection Of

The selection of technological bases is considered before the choice of the type of billet and the development of the route of the technological process. A technique is proposed for selecting the minimum number of sets of technological bases according to the criterion of equality in the cost price of manufacturing the part according to the principle of unity and combination of bases at this stage. Keywords: part, surface, coordinating size, accuracy, design and technological base, labor input, cost price. [email protected]

An improved method of calculating the cost price of the product

1972 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-194
Author(s):  
N. D. Novikova ◽  
E. N. Arnoldova ◽  
N. P. Bogatova ◽  
Z. V. Bobrova
Keyword(s):  
Cost Price ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
The Cost

scholarly journals Economic Analysis of Snail Marketing in Ibadan North East Local Government Area Oyo State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
A. F. Aderounmu ◽  
I. O. Oyewo ◽  
O. O. Oke
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
North East ◽  
Frequency Table ◽  
Marketing Efficiency ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Benefit Cost

This paper reports findings from a study carried out to investigate the profitability of snail marketing in Ibadan North East Local Government area of Oyo State. Structured questionnaires and interview schedules were designed to obtain information on socio-economic characteristics, operational capital and source, years of experience in the business and constraints to snail marketing. Seventy snail marketers, randomly selected from three major markets which are Oje, Agodi gate and Agugu market;. The data collected were analyzed using frequency table, percentage, gross margin, Benefit/ Cost ratio and Marketing Efficiency analyses. Majority (94.3%) of the respondents were female while 5.7% were male. 31.5% were between the ages of 51-60years with mean age of 54.9 years. It was also shown that 50% source their capital through personal savings between N11,000-N20,000 and 47.1% with 5-9years experience. The cost and return analysis revealed that total revenue was N1, 457,700.00k and total cost was N1, 285,320.00k while gross margin    was N172, 380.00k and benefit- cost ratio was 1.13 which implies that for every N1.00 invested the marketer will make a return of N1.13k on every snail sold, Marketing efficiency was 88%. Major constraints to snail marketing in the study area were poor market patronage (87.1%) and seasonality (82.9%). Snail farming is advocated since it is a profitable agribusiness and can be achieved through cooperatives and micro credit facilities. Also, marketing of snail in the area    should be restructured and standardized to command frequent patronage and command higher price value.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KEUNTUNGAN DAN TITIK IMPAS TERNAK AYAM KAMPUNG SUPER DAN AYAM BROILER DI DESA BANGUN HARJO BUAY MADANG TIMUR OKU TIMUR

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (03) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
Imam Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Production Volume ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Majority Population ◽  
Research Plan ◽  
Average Revenue ◽  
Break Even Point ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Village

The objectives of this research are to: (1) To analyze the cost, income and income of chicken and chicken cattle in Bangu Harjo Village, Buay Madang Timur District, OKU Timur Regency, (2) To analyze whether broiler and joper cattle cultivated in Bangun Harjo Village, Buay Madang Timur Sub-district, OKU Timur Regency is beneficial, (3) To analyze break even point of broiler and joper livestock business in Bangun Harjo Village, Buay Madang Timur District, OKU Timur Regency. This research has been conducted in Bangun Harjo Village, Buay Madang Timur District, East OKU Regency. Site selection is done purposively with the consideration that in the village is able to represent from the existing population and have the criteria of research plan. Bangun Harjo village is a village whose majority population live as farmers and there are some farmers who seek the cultivation of super chicken (joper) and broiler (broiler). The study was conducted in June 2015. The study found that the total production cost incurred in the poultry livestock business in Bangun Harjo Village in one production process amounted to Rp 13,963,744, the average revenue was Rp 22,920,000 so that income Received amounted to Rp 8,956,256. The value of R / C ratio is 1.64 indicating that the chicken livestock business is profitable. The total production cost incurred in the broiler business in Bangun Harjo Village in one production process is Rp 30,609,006, the average revenue is Rp 54,676,250, so the income received is Rp 24,067,224. The value of R / C ratio is 1.79 indicates that the business of broiler livestock is profitable and BEP value of livestock production volume of chicken joper is 349 head, while the value of BEP price is Rp 24.569 / Tail and BEP value of broiler chicken production volume is equal to 2.017 Kg, while the BEP value of the price is Rp 8,496 / Kg which shows that the business of chicken and broiler cattle in Bangun Harjo Village is feasible financially.

Study on the price of water rights trading between agriculture and industry based on emergy theory

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 2044-2053
Author(s):  
Wenge Zhang ◽  
Li Tan ◽  
Huijuan Yin ◽  
Xinwei Guo
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Water Rights ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Cost Price ◽  
Pricing Model ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Emergy Theory ◽  
The Cost

Abstract A water rights trading scheme in China is currently in its initial stage of development, but is without a complete pricing mechanism. This paper proposes a pricing model for transfers of water rights from agriculture to industry in water-deficient areas of China. Both the cost price and the earnings price are considered and incorporated into the model. The cost price includes construction costs, operation and maintenance costs, renewal and reconstruction costs, and economic compensation for ecological damage. The earnings price is calculated according to a reasonable return coefficient and the difference in economic value of the water resources to the buyer and seller. The value of water resources was estimated based on emergy theory in accordance with the principle of mutual benefits equilibrium. This pricing model is then applied to the transfer of surplus water rights arising from agricultural water conservation schemes to industrial uses in the Southbank Ordos Irrigation Zone of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The results indicate that this pricing model could provide technical support to the scientific and reasonable pricing of water rights transactions in water-deficient areas and that it could play an active role in promoting the healthy development of future water markets.

scholarly journals The use of controlling in agricultural enterprises and their competitiveness

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 314-322
Author(s):  
A. Foltínová ◽  
J. Špička
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Fixed Costs ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Cost Controlling ◽  
Break Even Point ◽  
The Cost

The article aims at the evaluation and comparison of the structure of costs linked to the milk production in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic. The paper focuses on the potential of the cost controlling in agricultural production. The analysis is based on data from the comparable sample surveys of costs and yields of agricultural commodities carried out by the Institute of Agricultural Economics and Information, Prague, and the Research Institute of Agricultural and Food Economics, Bratislava, in the period 2007–2012. The authors apply the contribution margin calculation and the gross margin calculation. Using target costing, the upper limits of variable and fixed costs are set to reach the break-even point. One of the main finding is that the average costs per litre of milk are by 15.3% higher in Slovakia than in the Czech Republic. It is caused by a significantly lower milk yield in Slovakia. Cost controlling based on the knowledge about the structure of the average costs of milk production can help farmers to better manage their business.  

scholarly journals The impact of linear investments on the spatial structure of agricultural regions

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 00011
Author(s):  
Edward Preweda
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Organic Farms ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Regions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Village

Linear investments cause irreversible changes in the existing shape and way of using the land located alongside it. In the case of the construction of the highway, these lands are mostly located in rural areas and prior to construction, they were used mostly in agriculture. Losses resulting from such investments affect the natural environment and landscape. Along the impact zone wind conditions change, also exhaust emissions and noise increase. Investors try to avoid the design of wide protection zones of greenery, due to the cost of buying a larger area of land and they usually use it only when it is necessary. Severe ecological losses result from land degradation, disturbances in the drainage system and changes in water relations. Such investments also have a negative impact on the profitability of agricultural holdings, in particular organic farms. The market value of land adjacent to the motorway is also decreasing. Often, on both sides of the motorway there remain land with a small area, access to the ground is difficult or even impossible. In order to reduce the negative impact of linear investments on the spatial structure of agricultural areas, infrastructure integration is carried out. The implementation of consolidations related to the construction of motorways in Poland is not a common and frequent phenomenon, which lacks concrete plans and schemes of actions. The paper presents the objectives of consolidation in the area of the village of Szczepanow in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship.

scholarly journals Is Broadcasting Mung Bean into Rice Crops a Useful Practice in Timor-Leste?

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Luis Almeida ◽  
Robert Williams ◽  
William Erskine
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
East Timor ◽  
South Coast ◽  
The South ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Timor Leste ◽  
Bean Yield ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Margin Analysis

Mung beans (Vigna radiata) are a potential crop in rotation with rice on the south coast of east Timor. When Mung beans are planted after rice, the soil is cultivated after rice harvest, before mung beans are planted by hand with the use of a dibble stick. This paper looks at the cost and benefits of broadcasting mung beans into rice just prior to or just after rice harvest. Broadcast mung beans requires much less labour than planted by dibble stick. Broadcast mung beans require more seed, and can be more difficult to weed. Based on a gross margin analysis mung bean yield could be 35% lower and be as profitable as conventionally grown mung beans.

Intensification of Finish Turning of Stainless Steels with the Use of Technological Cutting Fluids

2013 ◽  
Vol 371 ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Vadim Boguslavskiy ◽  
Tatiana Ivchenko ◽  
Viktor Polchenko ◽  
Iliya Navka
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Cutting Temperature ◽  
Cost Price ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Finish Turning ◽  
Cutting Zone ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Cutting Regimes ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Further Development

The low workability of special brands corrosion-proof, heat resisting and high-resistance steels and alloys, widespread in details and nodes of modern machines, causes high labour input and the cost price of their manufacture. In this connection probes of possibilities of heightening of capacity and lowering of the cost price of handling of these materials at the expense of improvement of working conditions of the cutting instrument and, in particular, at the expense of application of various technological cutting fluid (TCF). High temperatures in a workpiece range, arising because of low heat conduction of intractable materials, define necessity of probe of the temperature phenomena for a cutting zone. The further development of a technique of definition of temperatures is of interest for these aspects of materials in a cutting zone at use ТСF and the account of their influence on a choice of optimum conditions of cutting. Researches of limitations on the roughness of the treated surface and cutting temperature are executed, in-use during optimization of cutting regimes at finish turning stainless materials, including with the use of technological cutting fluid. Analytical dependences of optimum cutting serve and speed from the parameters of finish turning process are set, providing the quantitative estimation of possibilities of the cutting regimes increase due to application of TCF. The estimation of efficiency of TCF application is executed on the basis of coefficient of increase of the treatment productivity.

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