Functional Disability and Depression among Internally Displaced Persons in North-East Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
C N Nwoga ◽  
S J Dakwak ◽  
T M Agbir ◽  
M D Audu ◽  
S G Goar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Disability ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Living Condition ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Disability Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
North East

A common factor in the development of mental disorders, including depression, is exposure to trauma. Boko Haram crisis has ravaged the North East part of Nigeria and has left indelible traumatic effect on the inhabitants especially the Internally Displaced People (IDPs) who fled their homes for survival. Previous studies reported high rates of depression and disability among IDPs. We set out to investigate the prevalence of depression, disability and correlates among the IDPs in two selected camps in Yobe state. We carried out a cross sectional study among 422 adult IDPs selected through a systematic sampling method. One hundred and ninety two (45.5%) were males. The mean age of the subjects was 39.4±18.50 years with range of 18-80 years. Of the 422 IDPs, 166(39.3%) had probable depression and 76(18.0%) had definite depression. Factors significantly associated with diagnosis of depression were; age (p=0.028), marital status (p=0.001), living condition (p=0.001), general health (p=0.001) and WHODAS 2.0 scores (p=0.001). Logistic regression revealed that age <20years (OR=8.4;p=0.001), being an IDP in the camp irrespective of the living condition (OR=3.6;p=0.001), being single/unmarried (OR=10.0;p=0.048) and comorbid PTSD predicted diagnosis of depression. Having a disability score in the severe range (OR=5.7;p=0.001) strongly correlated with having depression in the study. There is a high rate of depression among IDPs in North-east, Nigeria. Having a diagnosis of depression correlated well with the severity of disability in study. We recommend regular psychiatric services as part of routine medical services to IDPs as health cannot be complete without mental health.

scholarly journals Cross-Sectional Analysis of Electrocardiograms in a Large Heterogeneous Cohort of Friedreich Ataxia Subjects

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 1187-1192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly A. Schadt ◽  
Lisa S. Friedman ◽  
Sean R. Regner ◽  
George E. Mark ◽  
David R. Lynch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Friedreich Ataxia ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Disability Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ecg Abnormalities

Electrocardiographic (ECG) findings in Friedreich ataxia and their relation to disease characteristics have not been well described. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, the authors reviewed baseline ECGs from 239 children and adults with Friedreich ataxia. ECG abnormalities—assessed in relation to participant age, sex, shorter guanine-adenine-adenine triplet repeat length, age of disease onset, and functional disability score—were found in 90% of subjects, including nonspecific ST-T wave changes (53%), right axis deviation (32%), left ventricular hypertrophy (19%), and right ventricular hypertrophy (13%). Female sex and shorter guanine-adenine-adenine repeat lengths were associated with a normal ECG ( P = .004 and P = .003). Males and those of younger age were more likely to show ventricular hypertrophy ( P = .006 and P = .026 for left ventricular hypertrophy and P < .001 and P = .001 for right). Neurologic status as measured by the functional disability score did not predict ECG abnormalities.

scholarly journals Pain and Disability in Patients Suffering from Adhesive Capsulitis of Shoulder

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-5
Author(s):  
C Zonunsanga ◽  
Hmigthanmawii LNU ◽  
Minggam Pertin ◽  
Chongreilen Chiru
Keyword(s):  
Functional Disability ◽  
Adhesive Capsulitis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Disability Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Stage 1

Abstract Study design Cross-sectional study. Set up Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PMR), Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal. Duration of study Two years October 2011- September 2013. Aims and objects To measure the pain and disability in patients suffering from adhesive capsulitis of shoulder and its relation with stages of adhesive capsulitis. Study population Idiopathic adhesive capsulitis patients attending PMR Department who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Results Fifty-six patients suffering idiopathic adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder were included in the study. The mean age of the study population was 56.30±8.17 (range 40-70) years, male comprised 57.1% while female 42.9%. Shoulder ROM showed rotation most restricted followed by abduction, flexion and extension. Mean VAS pain score was highest in stage 1 (80.36±8.42) and lowest in stage 4 (38.33±7.42) and it was found to be statistically significant (p< 0.001). Mean SPADI disability score was highest in stage 3 (68.56±5.79) and lowest in stage 1 (41.14±7.90) and found to be statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusion Stages of adhesive capsulitis are found to be closely related to pain and functional disability of the patient. SPADI can be used in recording pain and disability in patients suffering from adhesive capsulitis and can be useful in planning the treatment of such patients in local context.

STUDY ON THRIVE SCORE IN THE PROGNOSIS OF ISCHEMIC STROKE

2017 ◽  
pp. 22-24
Author(s):  
Thi Thao Nhi Tran ◽  
Dinh Toan Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Vascular Events ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Key Words Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Outcome Mortality ◽  
Better Than

Background and Purpose: Stroke is the second cause of mortality and the leading cause of disability. Using the clinical scale to predict the outcome of the patient play an important role in clinical practice. The Totaled Health Risks in Vascular Events (THRIVE) score has shown broad utility, allowing prediction of clinical outcome and death. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducting on 102 patients with acute ischemic stroke using THRIVE score. The outcome of patient was assessed by mRankin in the day of 30 after stroke. Statistic analysis using SPSS 15.0. Results: There was 60.4% patient in the group with THRIVE score 0 – 2 points having a good outcome (mRS 0 - 2), patient group with THRIVE score 6 - 9 having a high rate of bad outcome and mortality. Having a positive correlation between THRIVE score on admission and mRankin score at the day 30 after stroke with r = 0.712. THRIVE score strongly predicts clinical outcome with ROC-AUC was 0.814 (95% CI 0.735 - 0.893, p<0.001), Se 69%, Sp 84% and the cut-off was 2. THRIVE score strongly predicts mortality with ROC-AUC was 0.856 (95% CI 0.756 - 0.956, p<0.01), Se 86%, Sp 77% and the cut-off was 3. Analysis of prognostic factors by multivariate regression models showed that THRIVE score was only independent prognostic factor for the outcome of post stroke patients. Conclusions: The THRIVE score is a simple-to-use tool to predict clinical outcome, mortality in patients with ischemic stroke. Despite its simplicity, the THRIVE score performs better than several other outcome prediction tools. Key words: Ischemic stroke, THRIVE, prognosis, outcome, mortality

scholarly journals Physical Activity and Diet Quality Modify the Association between Comorbidity and Disability among Stroke Patients

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1641
Author(s):  
Lien T. K. Nguyen ◽  
Binh N. Do ◽  
Dinh N. Vu ◽  
Khue M. Pham ◽  
Manh-Tan Vu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Disability Score ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Comorbidity is common and causes poor stroke outcomes. We aimed to examine the modifying impacts of physical activity (PA) and diet quality on the association between comorbidity and disability in stroke patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 951 stable stroke patients in Vietnam from December 2019 to December 2020. The survey questionnaires were administered to assess patients’ characteristics, clinical parameters (e.g., Charlson Comorbidity Index items), health-related behaviors (e.g., PA using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire- short version), health literacy, diet quality (using the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Quality (DASH-Q) questionnaire), and disability (using the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule II (WHODAS II)). Linear regression models were used to analyze the associations and interactions. Results: The proportion of comorbidity was 49.9% (475/951). The scores of DASH-Q and WHODAS II were 29.2 ± 11.8, 32.3 ± 13.5, respectively. Patients with comorbidity had a higher score of disability (regression coefficient, B, 8.24; 95% confidence interval, 95%CI, 6.66, 9.83; p < 0.001) as compared with those without comorbidity. Patients with comorbidity and higher tertiles of PA (B, −4.65 to −5.48; p < 0.05), and a higher DASH-Q score (B, −0.32; p < 0.001) had a lower disability score, as compared with those without comorbidity and the lowest tertile of PA, and the lowest score of DASH-Q, respectively. Conclusions: Physical activity and diet quality significantly modified the negative impact of comorbidity on disability in stroke patients. Strategic approaches are required to promote physical activity and healthy diet which further improve stroke rehabilitation outcomes.

scholarly journals Malnutrition and morbidity trends in Somalia between 2007 and 2016: results from 291 cross-sectional surveys

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. e033148
Author(s):  
Rocio Martin-Canavate ◽  
Estefania Custodio ◽  
Abukar Yusuf ◽  
Daniel Molla ◽  
Dominique Fasbender ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Complex Situation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
North East ◽  
Continuous Complex ◽  
Morbidity Trends ◽  
Livelihood System

BackgroundMore than two decades of conflict and natural disasters in Somalia have resulted in one of the longest running humanitarian crises in the world. Nutrition data have been collected over the years despite challenges to inform programmatic action. This paper explores malnutrition and morbidity trends in Somalia during the last decade, disaggregated by geographical zone and livelihood system.MethodsWe used data from 291 cross-sectional surveys conducted in children aged 6–59 months between 2007 and 2016 in Somalia. Wasting, morbidity and stunting prevalences over time were analysed by geographic area, livelihood system and season. Logistic regressions were used to test trends.ResultsThe wasting trends show a striking peak in 2011, more marked in southern and central Somalia and coinciding with the famine declaration. The trend declines slightly thereafter although not consistently across all zones and livelihoods, and it raises again in 2016 especially among internally displaced persons (IDPs). Stunting declined for all groups and in all zones but with more consistent patterns in northern Somalia.Morbidity also showed a declining trend, although with multiple peaks depicting disease outbreaks.Pastoralist showed the lowest stunting estimates overall, while agrarian populations showed the lowest prevalence of wasting and morbidity. IDPs were the most affected by all outcomes. Seasonality affected the three outcomes differently by livelihood system. Stunting rates increased after the 2011 famine for all age groups within children under 5 years.ConclusionsDespite the continuous complex situation in Somalia, there has been a sustained decline in stunting and morbidity in the last decade. Wasting trends have remained at very high levels especially in north-east and the south zones of Somalia. The findings support the importance of performing trend analyses disaggregated by zone and livelihood groups within countries to better identify priorities for programme intervention.

A retrospective analysis of congenital anomalies in congenital hypothyroidism

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 1147-1153
Author(s):  
Fatima Ali Mazahir ◽  
Manal Mustafa Khadora
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Congenital Hypothyroidism ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Lingual Thyroid ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractObjectivesWe evaluated the spectrum of diseases accompanying congenital hypothyroidism (CH) in the United Arab Emirates and compared them with internationally studied patterns.MethodsThe presented retrospective cross-sectional study took place in two government tertiary care centres. In total, 204 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of CH and a minimum period of follow-up of 1 year were included. Patients with Down syndrome, infants born at <35 weeks of gestation, and babies with TORCH (Toxoplasma gondii, Other viruses [HIV, measles, etc.], Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, and Herpes simplex) infections were subsequently excluded from the study.ResultsOf the subjects with CH, 39% had associated extrathyroidal anomalies (ETAs); among these, 25% had a single anomaly. A significant proportion of Arab males were affected by CH as compared to other ethnic groups. Dyshormonogenesis was the commonest aetiological cause (55%) of CH. Males with an ectopic lingual thyroid gland had significant ETAs as compared to females of the same cohort. The most common ETAs were congenital heart disease (16%), followed by urogenital tract anomalies (14%).ConclusionsDetection of a high rate and variability of ETAs associated with CH necessitates the formulation of a structured screening programme including appropriate clinical, laboratory, and imaging tools to detect ETAs at an earlier stage.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Thinness among Santal Preschool Children Using New Body Mass Index Cut-Off Points

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Subal Das ◽  
Kaushik Bose
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Tribal Community ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Purulia District

A community-based cross-sectional study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of undernutrition using body mass index (BMI) among 2–6-year Santal preschool children of Purulia District, West Bengal, India. A total of 251 (116 boys and 135 girls) children from 12 villages were measured. Commonly used indicators, that is, weight, height, and BMI, were used to evaluate the nutritional status. More boys (59.5%) than girls (53.3%), based on BMI, were undernourished. Significant age differences in weight (F=44.29∗∗∗; df=3), height (F=58.48∗∗∗; df=3), and BMI (F=3.52∗∗∗; df=3) among boys were observed. Similarly, significant differences between ages in mean weight (F=56.27∗∗∗; df=3), height (F=64.76∗∗∗; df=3), and BMI (F=2.62∗∗∗; df=3) were observed among the girls. The present study revealed that the nutritional status of the preschool children of Santal tribal community of these villages was poor with very high rate of thinness in boys and girls (59.5% and 53.3%, resp.).

scholarly journals Self-Reported Efficacy of Cannabis and Other Complementary Medicine Modalities by Parkinson’s Disease Patients in Colorado

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor Andrew Finseth ◽  
Jessica Louise Hedeman ◽  
Robert Preston Brown ◽  
Kristina I. Johnson ◽  
Matthew Sean Binder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Support Groups ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Recent Change ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metro Area ◽  
Cam Use

Introduction. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is frequently used by Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. We sought to provide information on CAM use and efficacy in PD patients in the Denver metro area with particular attention to cannabis use given its recent change in legal status.Methods. Self-administered surveys on CAM use and efficacy were completed by PD patients identified in clinics and support groups across the Denver metro area between 2012 and 2013.Results. 207 patients (age69±11; 60% male) completed the survey. Responses to individual CAM therapy items showed that 85% of respondents used at least one form of CAM. The most frequently reported CAMs were vitamins (66%), prayer (59%), massage (45%), and relaxation (32%). Self-reported improvement related to the use of CAM was highest for massage, art therapy, music therapy, and cannabis. While only 4.3% of our survey responders reported use of cannabis, it ranked among the most effective CAM therapies.Conclusions. Overall, our cross-sectional study was notable for a high rate of CAM utilization amongst PD patients and high rates of self-reported efficacy across most CAM modalities. Cannabis was rarely used in our population but users reported high efficacy, mainly for nonmotor symptoms.

Needs and care of migrants considered as severely mentally ill – cross-sectional and longitudinal studies of a Swedish sample

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 533-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Arvidsson ◽  
S. Hultsjö
Keyword(s):  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Migrant Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Severely Mentally Ill ◽  
Swedish Sample ◽  
Made In

AbstractPurposeHigher incidence of mental illnesses and less access to care is previously reported concerning migrants but few studies focus on the needs and care of migrant groups in psychiatry. The aim of this study was to compare differences in needs and care between migrant and nonmigrant groups of severely and persistently mentally ill (SMI) after the 1995 Swedish mental health care reform.MethodsIn a Swedish area, inventories were made in 2001 and 2006 of persons considered as SMI. These persons were interviewed and their needs were assessed. In a cross-sectional study in 2006, needs and care were compared between migrants and nonmigrants. In a longitudinal study, migrants and nonmigrants interviewed in both 2001 and 2006 were compared concerning the development of needs and care.ResultsThe needs of the migrant group were less taken care of. In 2006, there were more unmet needs in this group concerning accommodation, physical health, psychological distress, basic education and economy.ConclusionThe improvement of groups considered as SMI concerning functional disability and efforts of care found in the actual area did not seem to include the migrant group, at least not to the same degree.

Frequency of factors leading to acute renal failure in obstetric patients.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (05) ◽  
pp. 640-646
Author(s):  
Shaheena Zafar ◽  
Riffat Jaleeel ◽  
Kouser Karim Lodhani
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Placental Abruption ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: To determine the frequency of factors leading to acute renal failure in obstetric patients. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Civil Hospital Karachi, Tertiary Care Hospital. Period: July 2015- Jan 2016. Material & Methods: Total 250 women during pregnancy and within 42 days after delivery who were diagnosed as ARF were included. Serum creatinine was done on admission and then after 24 hours of delievery. Those with urine output < 30ml / hour and serum creatinine > 1.5 mg / dl were recruited. All data was recorded on proforma. Results: The average age of the women was 29.36±5.87 years. Post-partum hemorrhage was the important and common factor i.e. 40.4%, followed by placental abruption 25.6%, Severe pre-eclampsia 18.4%, puerperal sepsis 8.4% and eclampsia 7.2%. Conclusion: Ante partum hemorrhage like placental abruption, eclampsia and preeclampsia, and postpartum hemorrhages’ are the major causes of obstetrical ARF. Good antenatal care and provision of universal health facility can prevent this dangerous condition. Though it is a treatable and curable complication, but if not diagnosed and treated timely, it can lead to significant maternal morbidity and mortality.

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