scholarly journals Spectrum of esterified fatty acids of the omega-3 and omega-6 in the blood of persons with vibration pathology

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (12) ◽  
pp. 1430-1435
Author(s):  
Olga M. Zhurba ◽  
Alexey V. Merinov ◽  
Anton N. Alekseenko ◽  
Irina V. Kudaeva
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Quantitative Indices ◽  
Vibration Disease ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Group I ◽  
Omega 6

Introduction. Vibration is one of the leading unfavourable physical factors of the working environment and leads to vibration disease (VD) development. The study of metabolic profiles of markers of fatty acids (FA) metabolism is one of the directions in the early diagnosis of vascular diseases and metabolic syndrome (MS), caused, among other things, by exposure to vibration. The aim of this work is to study the spectrum of esterified fatty acids of the omega-3 and omega-6 families in the blood of patients with vibration disease (VD) and combination with metabolic syndrome (MS). Materials and methods. The study involved 66 people, divided into two groups: Group I - 34 patients with an established diagnosis of VD; Group II - 32 patients with an established diagnosis of VD in combination with metabolic syndrome (MS). The levels of esterified forms (EF) of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) of the ω-3 and ω-6 families in blood plasma samples were determined using the method of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry on an Agilent 7890A gas chromatograph with an Agilent 5975C mass selective detector. Results. The distribution of quantitative indices of PUFA of the ω-3 and ω-6 families in the examined groups was studied. In VD patients with MS, compared with VD patients, there was a statistically significant increase in the level of eicosapentaenoic, α-linolenic acids of the ω-3 family, the sum of ω-3 PUFAs, γ-linolenic and linoleic acids of the ω-6 family. Conclusion. The study of the quantitative indices of EF of the families ω-3 and ω-6 in the blood plasma of VD patients with MS showed the levels of ω-6 to be 4.5-5.4 times statistically higher than the levels of ω-3 fatty acids.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Association Study for Serum Omega-3 and Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Exploratory Analysis of the Sex-Specific Effects and Dietary Modulation in Mediterranean Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Coltell ◽  
Jose V. Sorlí ◽  
Eva M. Asensio ◽  
Rocío Barragán ◽  
José I. González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Association Study ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Chromosome 11 ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
Meta Analyses

Many early studies presented beneficial effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on cardiovascular risk factors and disease. However, results from recent meta-analyses indicate that this effect would be very low or nil. One of the factors that may contribute to the inconsistency of the results is that, in most studies, genetic factors have not been taken into consideration. It is known that fatty acid desaturase (FADS) gene cluster in chromosome 11 is a very important determinant of plasma PUFA, and that the prevalence of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) varies greatly between populations and may constitute a bias in meta-analyses. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been carried out in other populations and none of them have investigated sex and Mediterranean dietary pattern interactions at the genome-wide level. Our aims were to undertake a GWAS to discover the genes most associated with serum PUFA concentrations (omega-3, omega-6, and some fatty acids) in a scarcely studied Mediterranean population with metabolic syndrome, and to explore sex and adherence to Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) interactions at the genome-wide level. Serum PUFA were determined by NMR spectroscopy. We found strong robust associations between various SNPs in the FADS cluster and omega-3 concentrations (top-ranked in the adjusted model: FADS1-rs174547, p = 3.34 × 10−14; FADS1-rs174550, p = 5.35 × 10−14; FADS2-rs1535, p = 5.85 × 10−14; FADS1-rs174546, p = 6.72 × 10−14; FADS2-rs174546, p = 9.75 × 10−14; FADS2-rs174576, p = 1.17 × 10−13; FADS2-rs174577, p = 1.12 × 10−12, among others). We also detected a genome-wide significant association with other genes in chromosome 11: MYRF (myelin regulatory factor)-rs174535, p = 1.49 × 10−12; TMEM258 (transmembrane protein 258)-rs102275, p = 2.43 × 10−12; FEN1 (flap structure-specific endonuclease 1)-rs174538, p = 1.96 × 10−11). Similar genome-wide statistically significant results were found for docosahexaenoic fatty acid (DHA). However, no such associations were detected for omega-6 PUFAs or linoleic acid (LA). For total PUFA, we observed a consistent gene*sex interaction with the DNTTIP2 (deoxynucleotidyl transferase terminal interacting protein 2)-rs3747965 p = 1.36 × 10−8. For adherence to MedDiet, we obtained a relevant interaction with the ME1 (malic enzyme 1) gene (a gene strongly regulated by fat) in determining serum omega-3. The top-ranked SNP for this interaction was ME1-rs3798890 (p = 2.15 × 10−7). In the regional-wide association study, specifically focused on the FADS1/FASD2/FADS3 and ELOVL (fatty acid elongase) 2/ELOVL 5 regions, we detected several statistically significant associations at p < 0.05. In conclusion, our results confirm a robust role of the FADS cluster on serum PUFA in this population, but the associations vary depending on the PUFA. Moreover, the detection of some sex and diet interactions underlines the need for these associations/interactions to be studied in all specific populations so as to better understand the complex metabolism of PUFA.

scholarly journals Effect of n-3 and n-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Microsomal P450 Steroidogenic Enzyme Activities and In Vitro Cortisol Production in Adrenal Tissue From Yorkshire Boars

Endocrinology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 157 (4) ◽  
pp. 1512-1521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuemei Xie ◽  
Xudong Wang ◽  
Gail J. Mick ◽  
Janusz H. Kabarowski ◽  
Landon Shay Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
Glucocorticoid Production ◽  
Adrenal Glucocorticoid

AbstractDysregulation of adrenal glucocorticoid production is increasingly recognized to play a supportive role in the metabolic syndrome although the mechanism is ill defined. The adrenal cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, CYP17 and CYP21, are essential for glucocorticoid synthesis. The omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) may ameliorate metabolic syndrome, but it is unknown whether they have direct actions on adrenal CYP steroidogenic enzymes. The aim of this study was to determine whether PUFA modify adrenal glucocorticoid synthesis using isolated porcine microsomes. The enzyme activities of CYP17, CYP21, 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1, hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (H6PDH), and CYP2E1 were measured in intact microsomes treated with fatty acids of disparate saturated bonds. Cortisol production was measured in a cell-free in vitro model. Microsomal lipid composition after arachidonic acid (AA) exposure was determined by sequential window acquisition of all theoretical spectra-mass spectrometry. Results showed that adrenal microsomal CYP21 activity was decreased by docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid, α-linolenic acid, AA, and linoleic acid, and CYP17 activity was inhibited by DPA, DHA, eicosapentaenoic acid, and AA. Inhibition was associated with the number of the PUFA double bonds. Similarly, cortisol production in vitro was decreased by DPA, DHA, and AA. Endoplasmic enzymes with intraluminal activity were unaffected by PUFA. In microsomes exposed to AA, the level of AA or oxidative metabolites of AA in the membrane was not altered. In conclusion, these observations suggest that omega-3 and omega-6 PUFA, especially those with 2 or more double bonds (DPA, DHA, and AA), impede adrenal glucocorticoid production.

scholarly journals Activation of Lipid Mediator Formation Due to Lipoprotein Apheresis

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karsten-H. Weylandt ◽  
Christoph Schmöcker ◽  
Annika I. Ostermann ◽  
Laura Kutzner ◽  
Ina Willenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipid Mediators ◽  
Lipid Mediator ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Omega 6

Lipoprotein apheresis reliably reduces low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in patients with atherosclerotic disease and therapy-refractory hypercholesterolemia or elevated lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)). Besides lowering lipoproteins and triglycerides, apheresis also decreases levels of essential omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6 and n-3 PUFAs) in blood plasma. In contrast, heparin-induced extracorporeal low-density lipoprotein precipitation (HELP) lipid apheresis might increase the formation of potentially pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic lipid mediators derived from n-6 and n-3 PUFAs. The study presented here analyzed lipid mediator profiles in the plasma of patients with hyperlipidemia treated by one of three different apheresis methods, either HELP, direct absorption (DA), or membrane filtration (MDF), in a direct pre- and post-apheresis comparison. Using gas chromatography and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) we were able to analyze fatty acid composition and the formation of lipid mediators called oxylipins. Our data illustrate—particularly in HELP-treated patients—significant decreases of essential omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in blood plasma but significant increases of PUFA-derived lipoxygenase-, as well as cyclooxygenase- and cytochrome P450-derived lipid mediators. Given that n-3 PUFAs in particular are presumed to be cardioprotective and n-3 PUFA-derived lipid mediators might limit inflammatory reactions, these data indicate that n-3 PUFA supplementation in the context of lipid apheresis treatment might have additional benefits through apheresis-triggered protective n-3 PUFA-derived lipid mediators.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Fiber Intake and Omega 3 and 6 Fatty Acid intake and Metabolic Syndrome in 4 Countries Spanning the Epidemiologic Transition

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 242-242
Author(s):  
Supal Mehta ◽  
Lara Dugas ◽  
Amy Luke
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Epidemiologic Transition ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
Insoluble Fiber

Abstract Objectives Dietary modifications can be an effective therapeutic approach to prevent and manage metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study is to explore the association between fiber intake with metabolic syndrome and between omega 3 and 6 fatty acids with metabolic syndrome in four countries spanning the epidemiological transition. The study participants eat very different diets across the countries. Methods Data were obtained from a cohort of 2000 adults, aged 25–45, enrolled in the Modeling the Epidemiologic Transition Study from US, Ghana, Jamaica and Seychelles. Dietary intake was measured using two 24hr recalls and analyzed using Nutrient Data System for Research. Participants were categorized as having metabolic syndrome if they had at least three of the following condition: high triglyceride levels (&gt;150 mg/dL), reduced high-density lipoproteins (&lt;40 mg/dL), elevated blood pressure (&gt;130/85 mmHg), increased fasting blood glucose (&gt;100 mg/dL) and a waist circumference (&gt;89 cm for women and &gt;103 cm for men). The association between fiber and metabolic syndrome was analyzed using quartiles of total, soluble, and insoluble fiber intake. The association between metabolic syndrome and the combined intake of omega 3 and 6 fatty acids was analyzed using quartiles of the omega 3 index, the sum of eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and quartiles of the ratio of omega 6:3 fatty acids. Data were analyzed using logistic regressions adjusted for age, sex, calorie intake, alcohol intake and smoking status. Results Participants with metabolic syndrome were 1.7 times (95% CI: 1.2, 2.3) as likely to be in the lowest compared to the highest quartile of total fiber intake and 1.5 times (1.1, 2.0) as likely to in the lowest quartile of insoluble fiber intake. Participants with metabolic syndrome were 1.9 times (1.3, 2.7) as likely to be in the lowest quartile of the of EPA + DHA intake. Risk of metabolic syndrome was not significantly associated with omega 6:3 ratio. Conclusions These findings expand on prior research supporting a beneficial role for dietary fiber and omega 3 fatty acids in reducing the risk of metabolic syndrome in understudied populations consuming a wide range of diets. In aggregate, these results support an important role of diet in metabolic syndrome risk regardless of population. Funding Sources National Institute of Health. Stritch School of Medicine.

scholarly journals Inhibition of receptor-mediated calcium influx in T cells by unsaturated non-esterified fatty acids

1990 ◽  
Vol 267 (3) ◽  
pp. 727-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
S C Chow ◽  
I J Ansotegui ◽  
M Jondal
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Calcium Influx ◽  
Flow Cytometry Analysis ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Kinase C ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
3 Omega ◽  
Activate Protein Kinase

The effect of omega-3, omega-6 and omega-9 unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) on receptor-mediated Ca2+ entry was investigated in a T-cell line (JURKAT) by using anti-CD3 antibodies (OKT3) to induce intracellular Ca2+ [( Ca2+]i) increase and Ca2+ influx. All the UFAs, as well as Ni2+ ions and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, decreased the OKT3-induced sustained [Ca2+]i increase to basal levels. Although non-esterified fatty acids activate protein kinase C (PKC) [McPhail, Clayton & Snyderman (1984) Science 224, 622-624; Murakami, Chan & Routtenberg (1986) J. Biol. Chem. 261, 15424-15429], studies using H-7 and analysis of the PKC-dependent phosphorylation of 19 and 80 kDa marker substrates ruled out the involvement of PKC in UFA-induced inhibition of Ca2+ entry. Flow-cytometry analysis showed that UFAs do not interfere with antibody-receptor binding. BSA (0.2%, w/v) reversed the effect of UFAs after these fatty acids have decreased the OKT3-induced [Ca2+]i increase to basal levels. The relevance of these findings and possible mechanisms for inhibition by UFAs of receptor-mediated Ca2+ influx were discussed.

EFFECT OF GINGER, LEMURU FISH OIL SAPONIFICATION AND OLIVE OIL ON COMPOSITION FATTY ACID OF BEEF

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Siwitri Kadarsih
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Omega 6

The objective was to get beef that contain unsaturated fatty acids (especially omega 3 and 6), so as to improve intelligence, physical health for those who consume. The study design using CRD with 3 treatments, each treatment used 4 Bali cattle aged approximately 1.5 years. Observations were made 8 weeks. Pasta mixed with ginger provided konsentrat. P1 (control); P2 (6% saponification lemuru fish oil, olive oil 1%; rice bran: 37.30%; corn: 62.70%; KLK: 7%, ginger paste: 100 g); P3 (lemuru fish oil saponification 8%, 2% olive oil; rice bran; 37.30; corn: 62.70%; KLK: 7%, ginger paste: 200 g). Konsentrat given in the morning as much as 1% of the weight of the cattle based on dry matter, while the grass given a minimum of 10% of the weight of livestock observation variables include: fatty acid composition of meat. Data the analyzies qualitative. The results of the study showed that the composition of saturated fatty acids in meat decreased and an increase in unsaturated fatty acids, namely linoleic acid (omega 6) and linolenic acid (omega 3), and deikosapenta deikosaheksa acid.Keywords : 

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