scholarly journals Analysis of the composition of hospitalized patients with the new coronavirus infection COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-190
Author(s):  
Igor S. Kitsul ◽  
Valery I. Vechorko ◽  
Dmitry V. Kats ◽  
Dmitry A. Sychev
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Almost All ◽  
First Time

Introduction. In the context of the growing epidemic of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19, the Russian health system, for the first time in recent history, faced the need for large-scale mobilization and conversion of many existing hospitals into infectious diseases hospitals. At the same time, the composition of hospitalized patients has not been studied, and the availability of data on it is crucial for the organization and planning of medical care. Purpose of study. To study the composition of hospitalized patients with a new coronavirus infection COVID-19 from the point of view of their age, gender, the severity of the condition, the presence of pneumonia and concomitant diseases to optimize the planning and objectification of the assessment of the need for medical care in a hospital setting. Material and methods. The data was studied, and the analysis of hospitalizations of 1037 patients in the country’s largest repurposed infectious hospital for the treatment of patients with the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 was carried out. Results. For the first time analyzed the main regularities of the formation of hospitalized patients, which characterize features of the disease and have a high prognostic value both from the point of view of organization of specialized medical care in stationary conditions and assess the need for diagnostic and diagnostic and treatment activities and their resource provision. It is established that adult patients of almost all age groups receive medical care in a hospital setting, but as the age increases, the need for hospitalization tends to increase. Conclusions. The severity of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 is determined by their age and the presence of concomitant pathology, which is of important prognostic value from the point of view of optimal planning of this type of medical care.

scholarly journals Changing Behavior among Nurses to Track Indwelling Urinary Catheters in Hospitalized Patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bona Yoon ◽  
Samantha D. McIntosh ◽  
Leslie Rodriguez ◽  
Alma Holley ◽  
Charles J. Faselis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Interdisciplinary Team ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Learning Objectives ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Urinary Catheters ◽  
First Line ◽  
Healthcare Interventions ◽  
Tract Infections

Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) are preventable complications of hospitalization. An interdisciplinary team developed a curriculum to increase awareness of the presence of indwelling urinary catheters (IUCs) in hospitalized patients, addressed practical, primarily nurse-controlled inpatient risk-reduction interventions, and promoted the use of the IUC labels (“tags”). Five thirty-minute educational sessions were cycled over three daily nursing shifts on two inpatient medical floors over a 1-year period; participants were surveyed(n=152)to elicit feedback and provide real-time insight on the learning objectives. Nurse self-reported IUC tagging was early and sustained; after the IUC tag was introduced, there was a significant increase in tagging reported by the end of the block of educational sessions (from 46.2% to 84.6%,P=0.001). Early engagement combined with a targeted educational initiative led to increased knowledge, changes in behavior, and renewed CAUTI awareness in hospitalized patients with IUCs. The processes employed in this small-scale project can be applied to broader, hospitalwide initiatives and to large-scale initiatives for healthcare interventions. As first-line providers with responsibility for the placement and daily maintenance of IUCs, nurses are ideally positioned to implement efforts addressing CAUTIs in the hospital setting.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF TECTONICS IN THE FORMATION OF SMALL WATER OBJECTS

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Е.В. Кюль ◽  
Л.И. Канкулова
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Small Water ◽  
Fault Type ◽  
Aquifer Systems ◽  
Tectonic Disturbances ◽  
Almost All ◽  
First Time ◽  
Small Water Bodies

В статье приведены результаты площадной оценки распределения малых водных объектов на территории КБР. При инвентаризации описаны 83 объекта, 75 из которых составляют родники. Практически все они приурочены к таким типам водоносных систем, как трещинно-жильные воды и воды зон тектонических нарушений. Прослеживается чёткая взаимосвязь между разрывными тектоническими нарушениями, оползневыми массивами и родниками трещинно-тектонического (разломного) типа. Масштабные работы по данной проблеме исследований на территории КБР проводятся впервые и имеют достаточно большое практическое значение. В дальнейшем, при определении рационального использования малых водных объектов в хозяйственных целях необходимо проведение комплекса специализированных (гидрохимических, экологических и др.) исследований. The article presents the results of an area assessment of the distribution of small water bodies in the KBR. The inventory describes 83 objects, 75 of which are springs. Almost all of them are confined to such types of aquifer systems as fractured-vein water and water zones of tectonic disturbances. The correlation between the discontinuous tectonic faults, landslides arrays and education of the springs are fracture-tectonic(fault) type. Large – scale work on this problem of research on the territory of the KBR is carried out for the first time and are of great practical importance. Further, in determining the rational use of small water bodies for economic purposes it is necessary to conduct complex specialized investigations (hydrochemical, environmental, etc.).

scholarly journals Problems of Starting a Pre-Trial Investigation Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic. Comparison of the International Context

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-316
Author(s):  
Larysa Arkusha ◽  
Oleksandr Torbas ◽  
Vladlena Voloshyna ◽  
Viktor Zavtur ◽  
Tetiana Babchynska
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
Criminal Offenses ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Information Work ◽  
Almost All

The challenges posed by the spread of coronavirus infection are global and affect almost all spheres of public life, including criminal justice. To minimize direct social communication, the possibilities of using remote legal procedures in criminal proceedings have been expanded. The legal procedure of pre-trial proceedings established in the Criminal Procedure Code in the part of the beginning of the pre-trial investigation turned out to be misfit to the conditions of continuous quarantine. The purpose of the article is to identify, describe and propose solutions to the problems of starting a pre-trial investigation during the Covid-19 pandemic. Thus, to solve this problem, the article examines the existing problems of pre-trial investigation before and during the Covid-19 pandemic, taking into account domestic scientific experience, as well as current foreign practices to resolve this issue to study the possibility of adopting their best practices and implementing them in the legislation. In the process of research, such methods as the dialectical, structural-functional analysis, comparative-legal and historical method. It is necessary to emphasize the simplification of the procedure for reporting the detected signs of criminal offenses, which necessitates raising the professional level of law enforcement officers, as well as conducting large-scale information work among internet users.

scholarly journals A Review on Forest Fire Detection Techniques: A Decadal Perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.12) ◽  
pp. 1312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinay Chowdary ◽  
Mukul Kumar Gupta ◽  
Rajesh Singh
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fire ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Fire Detection ◽  
Great Loss ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Vegetation Loss ◽  
First Time

Forest fire disasters have always been mankind’s constant and inconvenient companion since time immemorial. In the recent past years, managing crisis for example a large scale fire has become a very difficult and challenging task. Things that are common in most of the forest fire that occur at large scale are loss of life (human or animal), loss of vegetation, loss of flora and fauna, and communication failure (if any). Apart from causing a great loss to valuable natural resources of nature forest fire pose a greater risk not only to life of human being but also to the inhabitant’s such as wild life living in the forest. As per National Fire Danger Rating System (NFDRS), if a fire is detected within 6 minutes of its occurrence then it can be easily disposed-off before it turns into a large scale fire. For this a network that can detect fire at a very early stage is required. There are numerous techniques to detect the occurrence of forest fire and this article is dedicated towards reviewing detection techniques present in the literature. This work will give a bird’s eye view of the technologies used in automatic detection of forest fires and reviews almost all the detection techniques available in the literature. To the best of our knowledge this is the first time that almost all the techniques available in the literature are reviewed and considering almost all the parameters.

COVID-19: WHAT PEDIATRICIANS LEARNED ABOUT PECULIARITIES OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE TO A NEW CORONAVIRUS INFECTION AFTER YEAR OF FIGHTING IT

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 32-51
Author(s):  
L.S. Namazova-Baranova ◽  
◽  
A.A. Baranov ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
The World ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Impact

A year ago, the world heard about an outbreak of a new severe coronavirus infection in China, which later, after its rapid spread across the globe, WHO defined as a pandemic. Pediatricians, of course, expected the worst-case scenario and mass illness of the most vulnerable patients – children and people of older age groups with a new infectious disease. From the immunological point of view, everything is obvious – the new pathogen is most dangerous for those who have not yet formed a defense against it, or for those with weakened defense. But it quickly became clear that, unlike, for example, a flu pandemic, there is an unexpected situation when adults, including elderly and senile patients, become seriously ill and die, and children remain practically outside the spread of the infectious process. During a year of living «in a new reality», not only physicians, but all of humanity learned to respond to a new infectious challenge, empirically looking for possible therapeutic or diagnostic interventions and at the same time trying to plan and implement scientific research that would help shed light on the questions posed. For the first time, the international medical community united to perform serious clinical trials of drugs that were proposed for the treatment or prevention of COVID-19. As a result of actions of scientists and clinicians around the world, answers to some questions were obtained, however, most of the information on the impact of the new coronavirus on the human body, including children, is still unavailable to medical practitioners. The review presents latest data on the causative agent of the new coronavirus infection, its effect on the body of children and adults, describes peculiarities of immune response to the new virus, and outlines basic principles of managing such patients in real clinical practice.

Analysis of the toxicological situation in Moscow in the first three months of the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
Anastasiya Yurevna Simonova ◽  
Pavel Gennadevich Rozhkov ◽  
Mariya Vladimirovna Belova ◽  
Kapitolina Konstsntinovna Ilyashenko ◽  
Mikhail Mikhaylovich Potskhveriya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Medicine ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Acute Poisoning ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Alcohol Poisoning ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Restrictive Measures ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. On March 11, 2020, WHO announced the global COVID-19 pandemic. According to literature data, the spread of coronavirus infection COVID-19 affected the structure of acute chemical poisoning. The aim. Assessment of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and restrictive measures on the peculiarities of seeking advice and the structure of acute chemical poisoning in Moscow. Material and methods. The data of the registration forms “Card of recording of a consultation of a patient with acute poisoning of chemical etiology” in the period from March 30 to June 30, 2020 and 2019 were studied. The analysis indicators of a hospitalization of patients in the department of acute poisoning and somatopsychiatric disorders of N.V. Sklifosovsky, the Research Institute of Emergency Medicine. Results. It was found that in the analyzed period of 2020 compared to 2019, the proportion of injured people of working age decreased by 11.2%, while it increased at the age of 0-17 years by 3.2 times. An increase in the number of consultations for individuals by 2.1 times was noted. There was an increase in the number of complaints about poisoning with antibiotics, drugs from the T45 group (anticoagulants, vitamins, etc.), T37 (antiviral, anti-microbial, etc.) by 1.7-2 times. In March-June 2020, there was an increase in the number of complaints about the toxic effects of alcohol (T51), an increase in hospitalized patients with acute alcohol poisoning by 4 times, and with combined alcohol poisoning - by 2.7 times. The number of complaints about poisoning with detergents and disinfectants in the first three months of the pandemic increased by 2.7 times. Conclusion. The pandemic and the introduction of restrictive measures for COVID-19 have affected the toxicological situation in Moscow, which must be taken into account when determining the guidelines for organizational measures for the provision of medical care for acute chemical poisoning during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Indoxyl-β-D-glucuronide, a novel chromogenic reagent for the specific detection and enumeration of Escherichia coli in environmental samples

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 690-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Newton Ley ◽  
Raymond John Bowers ◽  
Saul Wolfe
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Membrane Filter ◽  
Chloroacetic Acid ◽  
Specific Detection ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Filter Test ◽  
Almost All ◽  
First Time ◽  
Specific Reagent

About 97% of Escherichia coli strains produce β-glucuronidase, but almost all other Enterobacteriaceae lack this enzyme. A D-glucopyranosiduronic acid (glucuronide) possessing a readily detectable β-linked aglycone should, therefore, constitute a specific reagent for the detection of this organism. For this purpose, the title compound has been synthesized for the first time. The synthesis proceeds in eight steps from readily available D-glucuronolactone, anthranilic acid, and chloroacetic acid and can be carried out on a large scale. The compound has the predicted properties: when included in the standard membrane filter test for the analysis of water, indoxyl-β-D-glucuronide allows specific detection of E. coli through the formation of blue colonies that are the result of rapid conversion of the liberated aglycone to indigo. The recovery of E. coli is easily measured and almost quantitative.

scholarly journals Characteristics of hospitalized patients with depression and their relationship with the surrounding environment: A study in a class 3A hospital in Shanghai

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianhui Tao ◽  
Yishao Shi ◽  
Qianqian Yang ◽  
Shanzhu Li ◽  
Xiatong Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
World Health ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Coffee Shops

AbstractThe World Health Organization predicted that depression will become the second greatest disease burden after coronary heart disease by 2020. However, there are few quantitative studies on the spatial relationship between environmental factors and characteristics of patients with depression. In this paper, mathematical statistics, geographical information system and regression methods were used to conduct a quantitative analysis of the individual attributes of hospitalized patients with depression in a Class 3A hospital in Shanghai from 2013 to 2019 and to explore the relationship between individual attributes and circumjacent environmental factors. The results show that (1) the total number of patients with depression has increased in recent years, and the proportion of women was increased 2.5-fold compared with that of men. The risk was significantly increased in middle-aged and young adults aged 45–69 years compared with other age groups. The average hospitalization time was 20–30 days. The lower the level of education, the greater the risk of depression. (2) Within a certain spatial range, the closer to city parks and coffee shops, the lower the distribution density of depressed patients. (3) Medical insurance for patients with depression needs to implement a “people-oriented” differentiation policy. (4) Expanding urban public space, improving urban leisure and entertainment infrastructure, and introducing coffee shops into large-scale residential communities are three important strategies to prevent and treat depression.

scholarly journals The shamanistic universe of Central Asian nomads: wolves and she-wolves

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-240
Author(s):  
Aktolkyn Kulsariyeva ◽  
Madina Sultanova ◽  
Zhanerke Shaigozova
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Natural Philosophy ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Cultural Sphere ◽  
Cultural Code ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Central Characters

The article deals with the semantic nature of the images of a wolf and a she-wolf in the shamanistic natural philosophy of the nomadic Turkic-speaking population of Central Asia. The focus here is an archetypal image of a wolf and a she-wolf as ancestors, defenders and guardians of the Turks’ cultural code – one of the most powerful, large-scale and sustainable Eurasia cultures, united by common linguistic roots and mentality. The majority of studies of the semantics of zoomorphic characters in Central Asian cultures focus on a wolf, while a she-wolf’s image at most is in the sidelines, although it appears in almost all Turkic genealogical legends as one of the central characters. The authors are of the opinion that the study of natural philosophical underpinnings of images of a wolf and a she-wolf from the point of view of traditional shamanistic ritualism can expand the long-held beliefs about transformation and specificity of functioning of mental values in the cultural sphere of modern society.

Assessing Immediate Bed Availability and Barriers to Discharge in a United States Children’s Hospital

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
M. Catherine Burgess ◽  
Debbie DeLorenzo ◽  
Carl Eriksson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Children's Hospital ◽  
Discharge Plan ◽  
Children’S Hospital ◽  
Total Capacity

ABSTRACT Objectives: The aim of this study was to quantify immediate bed availability (IBA) in a United States children’s hospital and treatment needs of hospitalized patients whose needs could be met outside a traditional hospital setting. Methods: Using a novel tool to capture census, scheduled discharges, and resource needs for hospitalized patients, we surveyed our hospital’s 5 non-neonatal inpatient pediatric units on 4 d over 1 y. Results: Median ward occupancy was 81% (range, 58-79), median intensive care unit occupancy was 80% (range, 7-19), and median IBA was 42% (range, 34-59). A median of 14 patients per day (13% of total capacity) had treatment needs that could be met by providing limited support in a nontraditional setting; the most common reason for requiring ongoing hospitalization in this group of patients was a safe discharge plan. Conclusions: Our median IBA of 42% exceeds federal recommendations, but varies widely between days surveyed. Even on days when IBA percentage is high, our total number of available beds is unlikely to meet pediatric population needs in a large-scale public health emergency.

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