SORPTION OF HEAVY METALS BY MOLD FUNGUS ASPERGILLUS CARBONARIUS MELANIZING CARDBOARD

2021 ◽  
pp. 221-228
Author(s):  
Alexey E. Tomson ◽  
Inessa A. Gontcharova ◽  
Andrei M. Trigubovich ◽  
Tamara V. Sokolova ◽  
Yulian Yu. Navosha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Aspergillus Carbonarius ◽  
Nickel Ions ◽  
Mould Fungus ◽  
Mold Fungus ◽  
Extracellular Pigment ◽  
High Level

It has been shown that the mould fungus Aspergillus carbonarius, which synthesizes extracellular melanin, is able to develop due to the degradation of cellulose inside the cardboard under conditions of low water availability. The maximum yield of melanin was noted in a slightly alkaline medium, but in the presence of copper ions, a high level of pigmentation of the medium is also observed at low pH values. Melanized mycelium and exomelanin are characterized by a high sorption capacity in relation to heavy metal ions present in printing pigments of waste paper. In the process of growth A. carbonarius decreases acidity from neutral values to pH 2.8–3.1, increases the mobility of heavy metals immobilized on cellulose fibers and binds them by functional groups via ionic or chelating pathways. The sorption capacity of biomass with respect to copper, zinc, and nickel ions increased in the order of viable mycelium < inactivated mycelium < exomelanin. Lead ions were most actively bound by inactivated mycelium. The extracellular pigment accumulated copper better than other metals. The distribution coefficient in the system melanin – Cu2+ reached 1390 ml/g.

scholarly journals Non-Ferrous Metal Sorbents Based on Waste and Side Products of Mineral Benefication Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir MINENKO ◽  
Julia DENISOVA ◽  
Andrey SAMUSEV ◽  
Dmitry MAKAROV
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Ferrous Metal ◽  
Process Water ◽  
Nickel Ions ◽  
Thermally Activated ◽  
Electrochemical Separation ◽  
Product Features ◽  
High Sorption

The saponite-containing product from the stage of process water clearing at benefication plant of the PAO Severalmaz was thickenedusing the electrochemical separation for use as sorbent of nickel and copper ions. The product features a high sorption capacityrelatively the nickel and copper ions. It has been established that the sorption capacity can be enhanced by roasting the product at750°С to 194 and 212 mg/g for the nickel and copper ions respectively.An organomineral sorbent for nickel ions based on copper-nickel ore tailings of the JSC „The Kolskaya Mining and MetallurgicalCompany”, thermally activated at 700ºС, has been synthesized. The surface modification was performed by using the non-covalentimmobilization of dimethylglyoxime.

scholarly journals Resistance of seedlings of native and alien species of the genus Bidens (Asteraceae) from different geographic populations to the action of heavy metals

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-308
Author(s):  
E. G. Krylova ◽  
N. V. Vasilyeva ◽  
E. S. Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Invasive Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Nickel Ions ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
The Upper Volga Region

One approach to assessing the competitiveness of invasive species is a comparative analysis of the morphological, physiological, and reproductive traits of this species with native species of the same genus. The invasive species Bidens frondosa L. from the Asteraceae family, included in the list of the 50 most common and most aggressive invasive species in Europe, occupies the same ecological niche as the native species B. tripartita L., and displaces it from natural habitats. There is an obvious and growing interest in the sustainability of B. tripartita and B. frondosa in extreme conditions of existence, one of which is the action of heavy metals. Our research was performed in laboratory conditions with seedlings that developed from seeds collected from populations of the Upper and Middle Volga region. The seeds were germinated in Ni2+ and Cu2+ solutions at various concentrations. At the end of the experiment, morphometric parameters were measured and the index of tolerance was determined. Seedlings from different populations under the influence of nickel ions developed at concentrations of 1–50 mg/l, under the influence of copper ions – at 1–100 mg/l. The nickel and copper ions had the greatest toxic effect on the growth and development of the root system – at 25 mg/l and above, the main root was completely necrotic, while the action of copper ions simultaneously increased the number of adventitious roots. The tolerance index (“root test”) under the action of nickel ions was higher among the seedlings from the population of the Middle Volga region, while under the action of copper ions there were no significant differences among the seedlings from different populations. However, it decreased with the action of both heavy metals at a concentration of 10 mg/l. High concentrations of both metals significantly reduced the length of the hypocotyl, cotyledon, and the true leaf. It was also found that copper ions are more toxic for the root system (main root and adventitious roots), nickel ions – for above-ground organs (hypocotyl, cotyledons, and true leaves). We noted differences between the populations to the action of nickel and copper. From the population of the Upper Volga region, the seedlings of B. frondosa were more stable. For seedlings from the population of the Middle Volga, a smaller toxic effect was confirmed for B. tripartita. It can be assumed that the resistance of B. frondosa to the action of heavy metals as a stress factor in the Upper Volga region is one of the reasons for the suppression of B. tripartita by the invasive species.

A PROSPECTS OF THE SUPER-INTENSIVE UNSUPPORTED GARDENS ESTABLISHMENT OF COLUMNAR APPLE TREE VARIETIES

1970 ◽  
pp. 45-48
Author(s):  
S. А. Korneeva ◽  
Е. N. Sedov ◽  
T. V. Янчук
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Apple Tree ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Biological Features ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
High Level ◽  
Dwarf Rootstocks

Columnar apple cultivars are optimally suited to lay apple tree plantings using intensive technology, which provides for super-dense placement of trees. The article considers a variant of growing columnar apple cultivars on inserts of dwarf rootstocks 3-17-38 and 62-396. The use of dwarf rootstocks 3-17-38 and 62-396 as intercalar inserts in the cultivation of columnar apple cultivars, along with good anchoring of plants, provides high precocity, productivity and economic efficiency of planting. All the costs of laying the orchard and annual works on agrotechnical care of the trees were paid off in the fourth year after planting.The economic and biological features of the columnar cultivars provided not only a quick return of the investments, but also a high level of profitability. The profitability of the studied columnar planting for the 6th year after planting (2020) on average for all cultivars was 106.0 % on the insert of the dwarf rootstock 62-396 and 104.7 % on the insert 3-17-38. The profit received on average for the plantings amounted to 2 378 661 rubles per ha. In the group of the studied cultivars, there is a difference in economic efficiency. The lowest level of productivity and profitability was in the Vostorg cultivar: on average, on two inserts, the yield in 2020 was 27.3 t/ha and the profitability was 66.6%. The Girlyanda cultivar was characterized by the maximum yield and profitability: 88.0 t/ha and 115.8%, respectively.

Use of bentonite to control the release of copper from contaminated soils

Soil Research ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanting Ling ◽  
Qing Shen ◽  
Yanzheng Gao ◽  
Xiaohong Gu ◽  
Zhipeng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Montmorillonite Clay ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Wide Ph Range ◽  
Ph Dependent ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Soil Ageing

A decrease in release and availability of heavy metals in soil has been of worldwide interest in recent years. Bentonite is a type of expandable montmorillonite clay, and has strong sorption for heavy metals. In this work, the control of amended bentonite on the release of copper (Cu2+) from spiked soils was investigated using a batch equilibrium technique. Sorption of Cu by bentonite was pH-dependent, and could be well described using the Langmiur model. Maximum sorption capacity of the bentonite used in this study was 5.4 mg/g, which was much greater than soils reported in the literature. The extent of Cu2+ release from spiked soils was correlated with slurry concentrations, pH, and soil ageing process. In all cases, the amendment of bentonite was observed to effectively decrease the release of Cu2+ from soils. The apparent aqueous concentrations of Cu2+ released from soils devoid of bentonite treatment were 113–1160% higher than those from the soils amended with bentonite. Moreover, the magnitude of Cu2+ release decreased with increasing amount of bentonite added to soils. The bentonite added was more effective in retaining Cu2+ in sorbents for aged contaminated soils. Such enhanced retention resulting from the presence of bentonite was observed within a wide pH range from 2.5 to 7.0. Bentonite, as one of the most abundant minerals in soils, is regarded to improve the soil overall quality. The results obtained from this work provide useful information on utilisation of bentonite to control the release of heavy metals from contaminated soils.

scholarly journals The Influence of Heavy Metal Ions on the Viability and Metabolic Enzyme Activity of the Marbled Crayfish Procambarus virginalis (Lyko, 2017)

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 11-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Marenkov ◽  
Mykola V. Prychepa ◽  
Julia Kovalchuk
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Metabolic Enzyme ◽  
Nickel Ions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Marbled Crayfish

In the experiment with marbled crayfishProcambarusvirginalis(Lyko, 2017), chronic effects of various concentrations of heavy metal ions on the physiological state and enzyme activity were investigated. The obtained results showed that among the investigated heavy metals nickel ions influenced the weight indexes and mortality of crustaceans the most negatively. According to the results of the research, significant changes were noted in the individual biochemical parameters of marbled crayfish under the influence of manganese, lead and nickel ions. The most significant changes in the activity of lactate dehydrogenase were detected in muscle tissues affected by manganese and nickel ions. A significant decrease in the activity of succinate dehydrogenase in muscle of marbled crayfish was determined after the action of heavy metal ions. Investigation of changes in the activity of alkaline phosphatase under the influence of the ions of manganese, lead and nickel has its own characteristics, which indicates certain violations in the tissues of cell membranes. Changes in the activity of enzymes were also reflected in the overall protein content. Changes in these parameters may indicate a rapid biochemical response of crustaceans to the toxic effects of heavy metals.

scholarly journals The monitoring outcomes of the meat productivity of cattle processed at “Uvinsky meat factory” OOO of the Uvinsky district in the Udmurt Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 08010
Author(s):  
E.V. Khardina ◽  
O.A. Krasnova ◽  
M.I. Vasilyeva ◽  
S.S. Vostrikova
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Adult Cattle ◽  
Primary Processing ◽  
First Category ◽  
Udmurt Republic ◽  
Young Cattle ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
High Level

We performed have performed a comprehensive analysis of the meat productivity of cattle received for slaughter and primary processing at “Uvinsky meat factory” OOO of the Uvinsky district in the Udmurt Republic. The studies were carried out based on data from plumb lines for 2020. During the research, it was revealed that only two districts (Uvinsky and Vavozhsky) had got cattle in 2020, from which they obtained carcasses of the “super” category (21 pieces). This is the highest grade in terms of categorization. Meanwhile, the main range of carcasses of young cattle was assessed in the categories “extra”, “excellent” and “good” (1311 carcasses). However, there were also farms from which carcasses of the “low” fatness category were obtained (Uvinsky, Seltinsky and Vavozhsky districts) (42 carcasses). Based on the results of the commodity evaluation of carcasses of adult cattle, it is worth noting that most of the carcasses were quite well-fed and were rated in the first category. By the end of 2020, the company has obtained meat in carcasses from young cattle in the amount of 608.8 tons. Meanwhile, 917.5 tons of meat were produced in live weight. The meat volume in the carcasses of adult cattle was 180, 1 ton. In live weight, 386, 5 tons were obtained. Given the percentage of beef sales per year and the maximum yield of boneless meat, the company is not capable of fully meeting the needs of all high-level processing shops.

scholarly journals Heavy Metal Sorption by Sludge-Derived Biochar with Focus on Pb2+ Sorption Capacity at μg/L Concentrations

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1559
Author(s):  
Ida Sylwan ◽  
Hanna Runtti ◽  
Lena Johansson Westholm ◽  
Henrik Romar ◽  
Eva Thorin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Metal Sorption ◽  
Heavy Metal Sorption

Municipal wastewater management causes metal exposure to humans and the environment. Targeted metal removal is suggested to reduce metal loads during sludge reuse and release of effluent to receiving waters. Biochar is considered a low-cost sorbent with high sorption capacity for heavy metals. In this study, heavy metal sorption to sludge-derived biochar (SDBC) was investigated through batch experiments and modeling and compared to that of wood-derived biochar (WDBC) and activated carbon (AC). The aim was to investigate the sorption efficiency at metal concentrations comparable to those in municipal wastewater (<1 mg/L), for which experimental data are lacking and isotherm models have not been verified in previous works. Pb2+ removal of up to 83% was demonstrated at concentrations comparable to those in municipal wastewater, at pH 2. SDBC showed superior Pb2+ sorption capacity (maximum ~2 mg/g at pH 2) compared to WDBC and AC (<0 and (3.5 ± 0.4) × 10−3 mg/g, respectively); however, at the lowest concentration investigated (0.005 mg/L), SDBC released Pb2+. The potential risk of release of other heavy metals (i.e., Ni, Cd, Cu, and Zn) needs to be further examined. The sorption capacity of SDBC over a metal concentration span of 0.005–150 mg Pb2+/L could be predicted with the Redlich–Peterson model. It was shown that experimental data at concentrations comparable to those in municipal wastewater are necessary to accurately model and predict the sorption capacity of SDBC at these concentrations.

scholarly journals Properties of Cobalt- and Nickel-Doped Zif-8 Framework Materials and Their Application in Heavy-Metal Removal from Wastewater

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1636
Author(s):  
Bowen Shen ◽  
Bixuan Wang ◽  
Liying Zhu ◽  
Ling Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Nickel Ions ◽  
Cobalt Ions ◽  
Framework Materials ◽  
Metal Treatment ◽  
Dichromate Ions ◽  
Cobalt And Nickel

Heterometallic zeolite imidazole framework materials (ZIF) exhibit highly attractive properties and have drawn increased attention. In this study, a petal-like zinc based ZIF-8 crystal and materials doped with cobalt and nickel ions were efficiently prepared in an aqueous solution at room temperature. It was observed that doped cobalt and nickel had obviously different effects on the morphology of ZIF-8. Cobalt ions were beneficial for the formation of ZIF-8, while addition of nickel ions tended to destroy the original configuration. Then we compared the absorption ability for metal ions between petal-like ZIF-8 and its doped derivatives with anion dichromate ions (Cr2O72−) and cation copper ions (Cu2+) as the absorbates. Results indicated that saturated adsorption capacities of Co@ZIF-8 and Ni@ZIF-8 for Cr2O72− reach 43.00 and 51.60 mg/g, while they are 1191.67 and 1066.67 mg/g for Cu2+, respectively, which are much higher than the original ZIF-8 materials. Furthermore, both the heterometallic ZIF-8 materials show fast adsorption kinetics to reach adsorption equilibrium. Therefore, petal-like ZIF-8 with doped ions can be produced through a facile method and can be an excellent candidate for further applications in heavy-metal treatment.

scholarly journals Graphene Oxide–ZnO Nanocomposites for Removal of Aluminum and Copper Ions from Acid Mine Drainage Wastewater

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6911
Author(s):  
Carolina Rodríguez ◽  
Camila Tapia ◽  
Enzo Leiva-Aravena ◽  
Eduardo Leiva
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Wastewater Remediation ◽  
Ph Adjustment ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Acidic Waters ◽  
Maximum Removal

Adsorption technologies are a focus of interest for the removal of pollutants in water treatment systems. These removal methods offer several design, operation and efficiency advantages over other wastewater remediation technologies. Particularly, graphene oxide (GO) has attracted great attention due to its high surface area and its effectiveness in removing heavy metals. In this work, we study the functionalization of GO with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) to improve the removal capacity of aluminum (Al) and copper (Cu) in acidic waters. Experiments were performed at different pH conditions (with and without pH adjustment). In both cases, decorated GO (GO/ZnO) nanocomposites showed an improvement in the removal capacity compared with non-functionalized GO, even when the pH of zero charge (pHPZC) was higher for GO/ZnO (5.57) than for GO (3.98). In adsorption experiments without pH adjustment, the maximum removal capacities for Al and Cu were 29.1 mg/g and 45.5 mg/g, respectively. The maximum removal percentages of the studied cations (Al and Cu) were higher than 88%. Further, under more acidic conditions (pH 4), the maximum sorption capacities using GO/ZnO as adsorbent were 19.9 mg/g and 33.5 mg/g for Al and Cu, respectively. Moreover, the removal percentages reach 95.6% for Al and 92.9% for Cu. This shows that decoration with ZnO nanoparticles is a good option for improving the sorption capacity of GO for Cu removal and to a lesser extent for Al, even when the pH was not favorable in terms of electrostatic affinity for cations. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the potential and effectiveness of GO functionalization with ZnO nanoparticles to treat acidic waters contaminated with heavy metals and its applicability for wastewater remediation.

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