EFFECT OF DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS ON MICRO-PENSION UPTAKE AMONG INFORMAL EMPLOYEES OF KENYA PORTS AUTHORITY

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Deepali Rajendra Agravat ◽  
Mr. Samson Kaplelach
Keyword(s):  
Informal Sector ◽  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Income Level ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Inferential Statistics ◽  
Pension Schemes ◽  
The Government

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of demographic characteristics on micro-pension uptake among informal employees of Kenya Ports Authority.Methodology: The study adopted a descriptive survey design. The target population comprised of the informal employees of Kenya Ports Authority. There are 2500 informal employees at Kenya Ports Authority. A sample size of 96 informal employees was selected through simple random sampling. The study used primary data which was collected through questionnaires which comprised of both open ended and close ended questions. Quantitative data was  analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics such as  percentages, mean, frequency distribution and standard deviation were computed to describe the characteristics of the variables of interest whilst with inferential statistics, correlation and multiple regression analysis was used to establish the nature and magnitude of the relationships between the variables. All the analysis was done using SPSS statistical package version 20. Content analysis was also used for qualitative data. The results of data analysis were presented using figures and tables for easy understanding and interpretation.Findings: The study findings indicated that financial literacy; income level and socio demographic characteristics influence the micro pension uptake. The study found that despite the above average literacy level among Kenyans; effort should be done to increase their participation in the management of their pension schemes. Based on findings it was possible to conclude that there was a positive and significant relationship between level of income and micro-pension schemes, similarly higher income level is strongly related to higher willingness. The findings also indicate that social demographic is a key factor in explaining micro-pension schemes.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: With a majority of the informal sector getting most of their information on pension through the media, the study recommends that there is need to strengthen and repackage the information being aired to the masses on the importance of pension savings. These packages should be designed in a way that they can yield to eventual participation. It is recommended that there is a need for young people to begin saving for retirement as early as possible, and that starting early gives the total savings ‘pot’ longer to benefit from interest or investment growth. Further, it recommends that the government should also design a special program of reaching the informal sector workers through seminars and workshops on pension matters. It is recommended that future studies should be carried out to find the factors leading to a low uptake of the Micro-Pension schemes in the informal sector and what needs to be done to improve the uptake.

scholarly journals Savings Behavior of Government Salaried People in Unakoti District of Tripura

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-37
Author(s):  
Sukharanjan Debnath
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Dependency Ratio ◽  
Government Employees ◽  
Savings Behavior ◽  
Daily Rate ◽  
Savings Rate ◽  
The Government

As per rules, the Savings practice of Government salaried people is mandatory up to a stipulated amount of monthly salary. According to GPF, EPF and NPS Rules, a predetermined amount is deducted by the employer at source for the future wellbeing of the concerned employee and invest to GPF, EPF, NPS, etc. In addition to these mandatory savings, employees can save their money to other savings instruments according to their capability and other conditions. As most of the government employees in Unakoti district of Tripura are working with small designations and salaries, they are not able to save more in addition to mandatory savings. Fixed Pay Employee (FPE), Contract Base Worker (CBW), Per Time Worker (PTW), Monthly Pay Worker (MPW), Daily Rate Worker (DRW) are the working conditions where employees get less amount of salary in comparison to regular employees. Under these conditions, their savings rate is also low in comparison to other employees. Other Sources of income, spouse job, dependency ratio, age, literacy level, educational qualification and availability of savings instruments nearby employees are an important aspect for better understanding of savings improvement in the District. The present study entitled “Savings behavior of Government Salaried People in Unakoti District of Tripura” is an empirical study based on primary data and secondary data. The study reveals that the savings rate of salaried people in Unakoti District of Tripura is growing slowly. Financial literacy, reduction of dependency ratio by employment generation programs, Massive awareness program and availability of savings instruments in the rural areas may make a vigorous savings environment in Unakoti District of Tripura.

scholarly journals School Management Committee Monitoring Skills and Performance of Government Aided Muslim Founded Primary Schools in Uganda: A Case of Bugisu Muslim District Council

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-55
Author(s):  
Habiba Namagembe ◽  
Christopher Samuel Mayanja ◽  
Rashid Kinsambwe
Keyword(s):  
Adult Literacy ◽  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
School Management ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Activities ◽  
The Government

The performance of Muslim Founded educational institutions has picked a lot of interest globally over the years. The Uganda Muslim Supreme Council established structures at different levels of administration to participate in the monitoring of Muslim-founded Schools. This study premised on Osborne and Gaebler's (1992) constructs of monitoring, aimed at investigating how monitoring skills of the foundation body representatives on the School Management Committees contribute to the performance of Government Aided Muslim Founded Primary Schools in Uganda, taking a case of the BMDC. A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was adopted for this study, with quantitative and qualitative data approaches, while multivariable linear regression was used to obtain the magnitude of the contribution of SMC monitoring skills to the performance of the primary schools under BMDC. The study revealed that monitoring skills have a positive correlation with the performance of the Government Aided Muslim Founded Primary Schools, though, the correlation is moderate. The moderate correlation is caused by insufficient monitoring skills exhibited by the foundation body representatives in areas such as the development of performance indicators, collection of relevant data during monitoring, designing of monitoring tools, and usage of appropriate methods during monitoring. The study, therefore, concluded that such insufficient monitoring skills have hindered them to adequately monitor which has partly affected the performance of the schools. It is as such recommended that BMDC needs to incorporate specific non-financial empowerment capacity-building components into school activities tailored to train the members on the SMC in aspects of monitoring and evaluation, adult literacy, and financial literacy for improved skills, knowledge, and leadership.

scholarly journals Determinants of Loan Repayment of Government Funding to Vulnerable Groups; A Case of Biashara Fund in Kiambu County, Kenya

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (VI) ◽  
pp. 83-100
Author(s):  
Keziah Njoki Mbugua ◽  
George Kosimbei
Keyword(s):  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Government Funding ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Group Leadership ◽  
Inferential Statistics ◽  
Loan Repayment ◽  
The Government

In an attempt to alleviate poverty and empower the vulnerable population, many non- governmental organizations and government line agencies have provided revolving funds to its citizens. The County Government of Kiambu introduced Biashara Fund to empower its youth. The major challenge has been identifying the most deserving beneficiary and minimizing the risk of loan non-repayment. Such, has however not been possible as at times, the rate of defaulters has been reported to be substantially high, leading to writing off such debts at the expense of the revolving funds. The role of the government in providing start-up funds and ensuring sustainability is crucial. Ideally when such funds are borrowed, it is expected that they are repaid in order to empower another beneficiary thus creating a revolving fund and ensuring sustainability of the fund. However, this is often not the case as change of the government of the day at times leads to higher default rate of such funds. This study focused on determinants affecting loan repayment of government funding to venerable groups, a case study of Biashara Fund in Kiambu County, Kenya. The study specifically evaluated the influence of amount of credit borrowed, legislation put in place on loan repayment, borrowing process set and group leadership on loan repayment of government funding to venerable groups accessing Biashara Fund in Kiambu County. Descriptive survey was adopted for this study. The study targeted youth, women and persons with disability with emphasis on 60 groups and 865 individuals drawn across the 10 sub-counties in Kiambu County. The target category had advanced loans by the Biashara Fund from 2014 to 2017. A sample of 274 participants was used and was selected using stratified and simple random sampling. The study used a questionnaire as the sole primary data collection instrument. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences where both descriptive and inferential statistics were employ yed. A univariate analysis was done to get standard deviation, means frequency tables, histogram pie chart, graphs and percentages. Further inferential statistics were applied using regression analysis. The study established a relationship between group leadership and loan repayment of government funding by venerable groups accessing Biashara Fund in Kiambu County.  The study findings show that there is a significant negative relationship between the amount of credit borrowed and loan repayment of government funding by venerable groups accessing Biashara Fund in Kiambu County. The study concludes that there is a relationship between loan size and capacity to repay. The study also concludes that most of the youth, women and persons with disability were partially conversant with the Biashara loan rules. Policy makers need to come up with viable interventions to stimulate and create an enabling economic environment for innovation and business competitiveness, hence inducing performance of youth, women and disabled business projects. The youth, women and disabled problem thus requires properly planned well-structured and broad based programs. The study recommends that adequate liquidity should be ensured as depositors and borrowers should be able to access funds without subjecting the institutions to solvency and attainment of acceptable rates of return. Research and academicians with an interest in entrepreneurship and startup funding as they will understand the issues raised for future research.

AN EVALUATION OF THE PROFITABILITY OF POULTRY AND PIG INVESTMENT PROJECTS IN MERU TOWN

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Judy Mutanu ◽  
Mr. G. Wakah
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Management Skills ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Pig Farming ◽  
Maturation Rate ◽  
The Government

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the profitability of poultry and pig investment projects in Meru TownMethodology: This study adopted a descriptive survey design. The study targeted a population of all the farmers located at Meru town.  According to the Meru town statistics, there are 210 farmers in Meru town. Simple random sampling was used to select a sample of 20% from the population. Therefore, 42 farmers i.e. 20% of 210 were picked at random. The researcher used a questionnaire which was administered to the selected sample population respondents on a drop and pick basis. The data collected was analyzed by use of descriptive statistics. In particular, frequency tables, averages and percentages were used. The data analysis actually involved simple tabulation and presentation of report generated form spreadsheets i.e. excel. The data was then presented using tables, graphs and charts.Results: The study concluded that the success rate of poultry and pig farming projects was low as evidenced by a maturation rate of 51 to 60 percent of the stock. The rest of the stock either died or didn’t lay eggs. In addition, the study concluded that despite the low success rate; poultry and pig farming were described as profitable compared to other investments. However, several challenges related to cost of production, infrastructural factors as well as market oriented factors posed a serious challenge to poultry and pig farming. These factors ranged from high cost of feeds to poor selling prices and shrinking markets as well as competition from subsidized imports.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy:  The study recommended that the bottlenecks associated with the poultry and pig projects be eliminated through a committed effort from the government to subsidize the cost of inputs, establishment of marketing associations and the elimination of middlemen in the sale of produce, improvement in extension services, and the provision of good infrastructure. While the challenges outlined in the study relate primarily to infrastructural and institutional bottlenecks, it might be interesting to study the role of entrepreneurial/management skills and general education on the success or otherwise of poultry and pig farming.

scholarly journals Factors Effecting Towards Personal Bankruptcy among Residents: Case Study in Klang Valley, Malaysia

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahiswaran Selvanathan ◽  
Uma Devi Krisnan ◽  
Wong Chui Wen
Keyword(s):  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Credit Card ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Money Management ◽  
Personal Bankruptcy ◽  
Notable Increase ◽  
Klang Valley ◽  
The Government

In Malaysia, there is a notable increase in the number of bankruptcy cases. The personal bankruptcy trend has become one of the major concern to the government. The purpose of this research is to study the factors lead to personal bankruptcy. This research tested the few factors effect on personal bankruptcy based on Klang Valley residents. The research used a quantitative approach and data was gathered from survey questionnaire. The questionnaire measurement quantify the respondent’s response with the help of five point Likert scale. Respondents was designated to respond on the questionnaire by simple random sampling techniques. Data collected was analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. The data has been presented in the form of tables. Relationship that were assessed; credit card debts, money management, financial literacy and non-performing loan effects towards personal bankruptcy. The finding shows that there are positive relationship between money management, financial literacy and non-performing loan. 

Effect of Government Regulations on the Level of Efficiency in Strategic Planning of Oil Marketers in Kenya

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulali Donald Indiya
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Stakeholder Involvement ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Government Regulations ◽  
Business World ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
The Government

In the current business world, it is imperative that an organization runs its operations efficiently and in response to the needs of its stakeholders. In Kenya the oil sector has over 30 oil importing and marketing companies which contribute immensely higher GDP for the country and is expected to boost the economy by over 20% in 2030. Previous studies done has shown proliferation of counterfeit oil products in the market, tax evasion and tampering with product quality. The Government has countered all these through regulations, however little is known on the effect of these regulations so as to bring a win-win situation for all stakeholders. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of government regulations on the level of efficiency in strategic planning of oil marketers in Kenya. Specifically the study based on; determining the effect of licensing regulations, investigate the effect of safety standards, examine the effect of quality standards and establish the effect of price regulations, all on the level of efficiency in strategic planning of oil marketers in Kenya. The study employed Resource dependency Theory, Strategy implementation Theory and Stakeholder involvement theory. The study adopted quantitative survey design on 219 managers. The study adopted a stratified random sampling on a sample size of 66. Primary data was then collected using questionnaires from which 58 questionnaires were valid for the study making a response rate of 87.8%. secondary data was obtained from records, ppublications and audited financial reports.

scholarly journals Strategic Management of Pension Scheme in Selected Private Manufacturing Organizations in South Eastern Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (34) ◽  
pp. 338
Author(s):  
Okechukwu, Elizabeth Uzoamaka ◽  
Nebo, Gerald ◽  
Eze, Jude
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Management ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Pension Scheme ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Infrastructural Development ◽  
Structural Framework ◽  
Pension Schemes ◽  
Manufacturing Organizations ◽  
The Government

Management of pension schemes in Nigeria has been characterized by multiple and diverse problems despite several modifications of the pension schemes by the government. The study examined the extent strategies adopted for pension management can enhance employees’ confidence in the scheme. The study adopted a survey design. The data were analyzed using tables, frequencies, and mean. Z- test was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 significance. It was revealed that to a very large extent strategies adopted for pension and retirement management can enhance employees’ confidence in the management of the schemes. The researchers recommended among others that an efficient structural framework should be put in place always to monitor the contribution and implementation of the Contributory Pension Scheme. Pension plays an increasingly important role in the economy of any country because the money earmarked for pension could be used for the establishment of small enterprises and infrastructural development.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF VAT INCENTIVES ON THE PERFORMANCE OF EPZ FIRMS IN KENYA

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Dr. John Kuria
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Inferential Statistics ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
The Government

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of VAT Incentive on the performance of EPZ firms in Kenya.Methodology: This research used correlation research design. Sample size of all the 86 registered EPZs firms was used in this study. Primary data was obtained using questionnaires. Secondary data from the registered firms was collected on; ROA, number and value of jobs and the length of stay of the firms. The study used both descriptive and inferential statistics to conduct data analysis.Results: The results of study revealed that at 5% significance level, VAT incentives had a positive and significant relationship with performance of EPZ firms measured using ROA. The results further revealed that at 5% significance level, VAT incentives were found to have positive and significant relationship with performance of EPZ firms measured using the number of total jobs created in Kenya. The results also revealed that at 5% significance level, VAT incentives were found to have positive and significant relationship with performance of EPZ firms measured using the number of years in operationUnique contribution to theory, practice and policy Based on the study findings, it was recommended that the government should reconsider its VAT policy by encouraging more VAT rebates to firms in order to boost their productivity and increase the volume of exports. The study also recommends that the government should introduce a strong monitoring unit to oversee the administration of tax incentives. Government should equally pay attention to the issue of security and infrastructure which are basic in order to maximize the benefits of tax incentives.

scholarly journals Impact of Improved Cassava Technology Adoption on Farmers Output in Benue State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Juliet Ogadinma Onyemma ◽  
Mark Tokula ◽  
Koko Michael Tertsea ◽  
Nwafor Solomon Chimela
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Multiple Regression Model ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Home Food ◽  
Extension Agencies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Aims: The aim of the study was to ascertain the impact of the adoption of improved cassava technology on the output of farmers in Benue state, Nigeria. Study Design: The study used Survey design. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in Benue State, between November 2018 and May 2019. Methodology: Cluster and simple random sampling techniques were used to select 366 respondents for the study. Primary data were collected using Semi-structured questionnaire. Objective 1 was achieved using descriptive statistics such as percentages, frequencies and means while Objective 2 was achieved using multiple regression model. Results: The findings showed that the adoption of improved cassava technologies influenced the farmers in a number of ways which included increased farmers income (56%:  2.10), acquired new skills (75%:); increased output (76%: ); expanded production (67%: ); ensured more food at home (food security) ( 85%: ); and increased well being of adopters (80%: ). The result also revealed that improved cassava technologies adoption have significant impact on farmers output in Benue State was accepted. This was indicated by F-stat value of 33.42 and F-probe value of 0.000 of less than 0.05, indicating that the estimated regression model adopted in this study was statistically significant at 1%. The R2 value of 0.75 implied that 75% of dependent variable (farmers output) was explained by the independent variables (TSM0505, TSM0581, TSM0572, TMS011368, TMS961632, TMS920326 TME 419, NR8082). Conclusion: Thus it was concluded that improved cassava technologies adoption have significant impact on farmers output in Benue State The study thus recommend that Extension agencies should ensure that improved cassava technologies are accessible by farmers and that farmers acquire the necessary knowledge and skills in using such technologies. This will ensure high adoption and high impact as well.

scholarly journals The Performance Analysis of The Community Economic Institutions (LEM) in Increasing Farmers’ Income of Cocoa Farming System

2021 ◽  
Vol 232 ◽  
pp. 02029
Author(s):  
Rusdin ◽  
Dahya Agussalim ◽  
Sarjoni ◽  
Julian Witjaksono
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Technical Factor ◽  
Community Institution ◽  
The Government ◽  
Participatory Method

Cocoa is a predominant crop estate commodity produced in Southeast Sulawesi. The main constrain increasing cocoa productivity regarding the non-technical factor is developing cocoa community. The government has launched Cocoa Community Institution (LEM) to overcome lack of community development in a cocoa farming system. This study aims to identify institutions related to the community development based on cocoa commodity and to analyze the performance of LEM. This study was conducted in two Sub-Districts (Lambuya and Besulutu) of Konawe district in Southeast Sulawesi province. Participatory method was implemented to get the primary data through an open interview based on the performance indicators of LEM Sejahtera. The number of respondents was 30 farmers chosen by simple random sampling. The Cocoa Community Institution was the main purpose of this study focusing on its performance of LEM Sejahtera in enhancing smallholders’ income. The results of this study indicated that LEM Sejahtera in Besulutu had contributed significantly to supply input and lend money to help poor resource farmers based on the community development program.

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