scholarly journals Dementia Community Screening Program in District Health Area 11: Phase 1

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 1042-1047
Author(s):  
Tharin PHENWAN ◽  
Weeratian TAWANWONGSRI ◽  
Phanit KOOMHIN ◽  
Udomsak SAENGOW
Keyword(s):  
Screening Program ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Diabetic Mellitus ◽  
District Health ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Screening ◽  
Minimum Age ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Abbreviated Mental Test

To estimate the prevalence of dementia among Thai elderly in the upper Southern region of Thailand, we performed a cross-sectional screening of all Thai older people from 2 areas of Nakhon Si Thammarat province: Tambon Baan Thungchon, Tha Sala district, and Moo 6 and 7 from Sichon district, from December 2016 to November 2017. Trained health volunteers identified the participants in their communities and collected data including age, gender, comorbidities, Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT) results, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores. Our sample comprised 773 participants, of which 605 (78.3 %) were from Baan Thungchon area, while 168 were from Moo 6 and Moo 7 of Sichon district. The majority of participants were female (431, 55.7 %). The mean age of the participants was 79 ± 9.1 years, with a minimum age of 60, and a maximum age of 95. Their comorbidities were hypertension (42.9 %), type II diabetic mellitus (33.2 %), dyslipidemia (37.5 %), and osteoarthritis of the knees (35.8 %). 35.1 % of them also had positive TUGT. Sixty-seven participants (8.7 %) scored 7 or lower in the Abbreviated Mental Test (AMT). Five participants (7.5 %) had a positive screening for dementia.

scholarly journals Post-Ebola Community Health Worker programme performance in Kenema District, Sierra Leone: A long way to go!

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 794
Author(s):  
Harold Thomas ◽  
Katrina Hann ◽  
Mohamed Vandi ◽  
Joseph Bengalie Sesay ◽  
Koi Sylvester Alpha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Health Worker ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Community Health Worker ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
District Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Background: The devastating 2014-2015 Ebola outbreak in Sierra Leone could erode the gains of the health system including the Community Health Worker (CHW) programme. We conducted a study to ascertain if the positive trend in reporting cases of malaria, pneumonia and diarrhoea treated by CHWs in the post-Ebola period has been sustained 18 months post-Ebola. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study using aggregated CHW programme data (2013-2017) from all Primary Health Units in Kenema district. Data was extracted from the District Health Information System and analysed using STATA. Data in the pre- (June 2013-April 2014), during- (June 2014-April 2015) and post-Ebola recovery (June 2016-April 2017) periods was compared and analysed for reporting completeness; Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs) performed and cases of malaria, diarrhoea and pneumonia treated per month. Differences across periods were tested using two-sample t-test with significance set at 0.05. Results: CHW reporting increased from pre-Ebola by 8% (p-value=0.29) intra-Ebola and 19% (p-value=0.012) post-Ebola. Compared to the pre-Ebola period, in the post-Ebola recovery period, there was a significant increase in the mean monthly reported RDTs of 35% (p-value=0.020); malaria treatments 66% (p-value<0.001); and pneumonia treatments increased by 80% (p-value=0.004). Conversely, the mean monthly diarrhoea cases treated decreased by 20% (p-value=0.16) in the post-Ebola period. Conclusion: The resiliency demonstrated by the CHW programme during and immediately after the Ebola outbreak has been sustained in the post-Ebola recovery period. Continued programme investments in supportive supervision and financial incentives for CHWs will be critical to ensure uninterrupted contribution towards Sustainable Development Goal 3.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Trigeminal Neuralgia in Patients with Chronic Facial Pain in Neurology Lrh Hospital Peshawar.

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Saad Ali ◽  
Zahwa Salam ◽  
Shakir Ullah ◽  
Mehtab Alam ◽  
Harwindar Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Trigeminal Neuralgia ◽  
Facial Pain ◽  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maxillary Nerve ◽  
Minimum Age ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hospital Study

Background: Trigeminal Neuralgia (TN) consist of brief periodic but severe and chronic facial pain in acial region in single or multiple branches of the trigeminal nerve. Objective: The objective of this study was to find the prevalence of TN in patients with chronic facial pain. Methodology: This cross sectional observational study was conducted at Department of Neurology OPD Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar. 46 patients with chronic facial pain were selected for the study. All data was taken on a structured Performa and was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 21. Using non probability consecutive sampling after taking approval from Ethical Committee of the hospital, study duration was 10 months from 25-1-2019 to 25-10-2019. Results: Out of 46 patients, there were 18 (39.1%) males and 28 (60.9%) females. The mean age of the patients was 50.67, the Standard Deviation recorded was 11.56. Minimum age was 21 and maximum age was 67. 23. Out of 31 patients diagnosed with TN had history of tooth extraction and 8 had no extraction. Out of 31 patients presented with TN, right side was involved in 24 (52.2%) patients and left side was involved in 7 (15.2%) patients. Mandibular never was more common in the patients with TN which was 37% followed by maxillary nerve 21.7%, and ophthalmic nerve at 8.7%. Majority of the patients 28 (75.7%) belonged to the age group of 40 to 67. Females having TGN were 78% and males were 50%. Right side (52.2%) was more involved than left side. Mandibular division (37%) was more involved than maxillary and ophthalmic division. Conclusion: We conclude that females are more at risk of developing TN than males. Increasing age has a higher chance of developing TN. Right side is more involved than left. Mandibular division is more involved than maxillary and ophthalmic.

scholarly journals Five-Years Review of Colorectal Carcinoma in Iran-Guilan During 2005-2010; An Epidemiologic Study.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Tolouei ◽  
Manouchehr Aghajanzadeh ◽  
Morteza Taheri
Keyword(s):  
Screening Program ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Definite Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Epidemiologic Features

Abstract Purpose: Different factors including race, ethnicity, nutritional, environmental, and socioeconomic factors affect the prevalence of CCC and result in special epidemiologic features in the different geographic locations throughout the world.Methods: This survey was a cross-sectional retrospective descriptive study that investigated all of the operated patients with a definite diagnosis of CCC from March of 2005 to March of 2010 in the Guilan province of Iran.Results: Of a total of 311 patients, 55.3% were male and 44.7% female. The mean age was 58.91±14.29 years old. The mean average age was 60.76±4.38 years for men and 56.62±13.88 years for women. 159 patients had rectum carcinoma and 152 patients had colon carcinoma.The duration of the symptoms was less than six months in 56.9% of the patients and more than six months in 34.1%. The most common primary site of the tumor was the rectum (159 patients). The most common symptom was rectorrhagia. In the patients with FAP, the mean age was 26 years lower than patients without FAP.The mean Hemoglobin level at planning for surgery was 11.37±2.02 with arrange of 4.7 to 16.4 mg/dl.Conclusion: Considering the ever-increasing the disease and decrease in the age of affliction reported in this study, it is considered to the evaluating to the risk factors, survey the more epidemiologic study, promote the public and special screening program, and timely therapeutic intervention. Moreover, considering the high rate of rectosigmoid cases, it seems that fiber optic sigmoidoscopy has an important role in the screening and diagnosis of the disease.

scholarly journals AO EXTERNAL FIXATOR

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (03) ◽  
pp. 279-283
Author(s):  
Ashfaque Hussain Mirjat ◽  
Irshad Ahmed Bhutto ◽  
Shakeel Ahmed Memon
Keyword(s):  
External Fixator ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Diabetic Mellitus ◽  
Surgical Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Effective Administration ◽  
Diaphyseal Fractures ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Motorcycle Accidents

Objectives: To appraise effectiveness of AO external fixator, a treatment methodfor open diaphseal tibial fractures (type II, IIIA). Methods: Study Design: Cross sectional study.Setting: Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology (DOST) Liaquat University ofMedical & Health Sciences Jamshoro. Period: Two year from 2009 to 2011. Total 40 cases ofopen tibia fracture had selected all the cases with fresh open diaphyseal fractures of tibia andpatient arriving within one week injury. And Grade II, IIIA had included. All the cases associatedwith head injury or abdominal injury, diabetic mellitus and liver or kidney disease had excluded.Results: Total 40 cases of open diaphyseal fracture of tibia were selected in this study basedon inclusion criteria. The mean age was 33.1 + 10.27 years. Out of 40 cases, 36(90.0%) weremale. Majority of patients of RTA were injured due to motorcycle accidents 24(60.0%). Mean ofunion time was 18.1 + 3.72 weeks. Wound became infected in 5(12.5%) cases, 5.0%, n = 40)were seen with late union, screw sites infection found in 5.0% cases, Knee stiffness was foundin 10.0% cases, six 15.0% patients developed pain during walking. Conclusion: AO fixationis very safe, insignificant intrusive, get short surgical time, following by hospital duration, lowinfection rate and can be utilized as unequivocal and effective administration of open tibialfractures.

scholarly journals Post-Ebola Community Health Worker programme performance in Kenema District, Sierra Leone: A long way to go!

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 794
Author(s):  
Harold Thomas ◽  
Katrina Hann ◽  
Mohamed Vandi ◽  
Joseph Bengalie Sesay ◽  
Koi Sylvester Alpha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Health Worker ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Community Health Worker ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
District Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Background: The devastating 2014-2015 Ebola outbreak in Sierra Leone could erode the gains of the health system including the Community Health Worker (CHW) programme. We conducted a study to ascertain if the positive trend in reporting cases of malaria, pneumonia and diarrhoea treated by CHWs in the post-Ebola period has been sustained 18 months post-Ebola. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study using aggregated CHW programme data (2013-2017) from all Primary Health Units in Kenema district. Data was extracted from the District Health Information System and analysed using STATA. Data in the pre- (June 2013-April 2014), during- (June 2014-April 2015) and post-Ebola recovery (June 2016-April 2017) periods was compared and analysed for reporting completeness; Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs) performed and cases of malaria, diarrhoea and pneumonia treated per month. Differences across periods were tested using two-sample t-test with significance set at 0.05. Results: CHW reporting increased from pre-Ebola by 8% (p-value=0.29) intra-Ebola and 19% (p-value=0.012) post-Ebola. Compared to the pre-Ebola period, in the post-Ebola recovery period, there was a significant increase in the mean monthly reported RDTs of 35% (p-value=0.020); malaria treatments 66% (p-value<0.001); and pneumonia treatments increased by 80% (p-value=0.004). Conversely, the mean monthly diarrhoea cases treated decreased by 20% (p-value=0.16) in the post-Ebola period. Conclusion: The resiliency demonstrated by the CHW programme during and immediately after the Ebola outbreak has been sustained in the post-Ebola recovery period. Continued programme investments in supportive supervision and financial incentives for CHWs will be critical to ensure uninterrupted contribution towards Sustainable Development Goal 3.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Hypertension in a Rural Community of Western Nepal: A Cross Sectional Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
RC Kafle ◽  
D Sharma ◽  
N Paudel ◽  
S Sapkota ◽  
VM Alurkar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Screening ◽  
Treatment And Prevention

Background and aim: Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Hypertension evolved as a major public problem in urban populations of many countries including Nepal, but little is known about its prevalence and risk factors in rural areas. The objective of our study was to assess the prevalence of and risk factors associated with hypertension.Methods: A community-based cross-sectional survey was carried out in November 2017 in a four days health camp where peoples from ward number eight of Suklagandaki municipality of Tanahu district were called for screening of diabetes mellitus. No prior notice was given to the population about screening of hypertension. We screened total of 568 participants. Demographics, anthropometry and two independent blood pressure (BP) readings were taken. The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS version 18.0.Results: A total of 568 individuals were interviewed and taken complete BP, weight and height measurements. More than 1/3rd (36.26%) of the respondents were in age group 18- 39 years with mean age 47.49 ± 16.61. Nearly, 60% of the respondents were female. Whilst 17.3% were smokers and 20% reported drinking alcohol. Overall prevalence of hypertension was 41.55% and this was significantly associated with age, gender, education, size of family, smoking habits, intake of alcohol, presence of diabetes mellitus.Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension was found to be high and it has become a important public health issue even in rural part of Nepal. Community screening program, timely detection, lifestyle modification, treatment and prevention are all important to deal  

scholarly journals Association of anemia with mobility capacity in older adults: a Korean nationwide population-based cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ki Young Son ◽  
Dong Wook Shin ◽  
Ji Eun Lee ◽  
Sang Hyuck Kim ◽  
Jae Moon Yun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
National Health ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
World Health ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hb Concentration ◽  
Stratified Analysis

Abstract Background Over 10% of adults aged ≥65 years have anemia, as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO). As the timed up and go (TUG) test is one of the most widely used tests of mobility, this study investigated whether anemia was associated with mobility capacity assessed using the TUG test in older adults. Methods Subjects belonging to the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Health Screening Cohort of the National Health Information Database were reviewed. Subjects were included if they had completed the TUG test as part of the National Screening Program for Transitional Ages in Korea. An abnormal TUG test result was defined as a time of ≥10 s and anemia was defined according to the WHO criteria as a hemoglobin (Hb) concentration of < 13.0 g/dL in men and < 12.0 g/dL in women. The association between anemia and TUG test results was evaluated using four multiple logistic regression models with different levels of adjustment. Stratified analysis according to risk factors was performed. Results The 81,473 subjects included 41,063 (50.4%) women and 40,410 (49.6%) men. Mean TUG time was 8.44 ± 3.08 s, and abnormal TUG test results were observed in 22,138 (27.2%) subjects. Mean Hb concentration was 13.72 ± 1.41 g/dL, and 10,237 (12.6%) subjects had anemia. U-shaped associations between Hb concentration and TUG test results were observed in both sexes. Subjects with anemia were 19% more likely to have abnormal TUG test results, according to the fully adjusted model (adjusted odds ratio: 1.192, 95% confidence interval: 1.137–1.247). Similar results were observed for both sexes. Stratified analysis showed that subjects with anemia were more likely to have abnormal TUG test results regardless of risk factors. Conclusions Individuals with anemia are more likely to have abnormal TUG test results, regardless of risk factors, than individuals without anemia. U-shaped relationships between Hb concentrations and TUG test results were observed in both sexes, although the optimal Hb concentration differed between men and women.

scholarly journals Association of metabolic syndrome with mobility in the older adults: a Korean nationwide representative cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ki Young Son ◽  
Dong Wook Shin ◽  
Ji Eun Lee ◽  
Sang Hyuck Kim ◽  
Jae Moon Yun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
National Health ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stratified Analysis

AbstractWe aimed to examine whether metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with mobility in the older adults, using the timed up and go (TUG) test which is one of the most widely used tests for evaluating mobility. This is population-based study with the National Health Insurance Service–National Health Screening Cohort database of National Health Information Database. Participants included were those who completed the TUG as part of the National Screening Program for Transitional Ages. An abnormal TUG result was defined as a time ≥ 10 s. Multiple logistic regression models were used to assess the associations between MetS and TUG results. We constructed three models with different levels of adjustment. Furthermore, we conducted a stratified analysis according to the risk. Among the 40,767 participants included, 19,831 (48.6%) were women. Mean TUG value was 8.34 ± 3.07 s, and abnormal TUG test results were observed in 4,391 (10.8%) participants; 6,888 (16.9%) participants were categorised to have MetS. The worst TUG test results were obtained in participants with three or four MetS features, and a J-shaped relationship of each MetS feature, except triglyceride (TG) and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), with TUG test was found. Participants with MetS had 18% higher likelihood of showing abnormal TUG test results in a fully adjusted model (adjusted odds ratio 1.183, 95% confidence interval 1.115–1.254). The stratified analysis revealed that participants with central obesity, high blood pressure, and normal HDL-C and TG were more likely to have abnormal TUG times. Participants with MetS had a higher risk of exhibiting abnormal TUG results, and except for HDL-C and TG, all other MetS features had a J-shaped relationship with TUG. Preventive lifestyle such as lower carbohydrate and higher protein intake, and endurance exercise is needed.

Sonographic Co-relation Between Adnexal Masses And Endometrial Thickness In Infertile Females

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Muhammad Yousaf Farooq ◽  
Syeda Khadija Tul Sughra Murrium ◽  
Guido C Robot ◽  
Haz Syed Arsalan Gilani ◽  
Aima Gilani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adnexal Mass ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Medical Problem ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adnexal Masses ◽  
Minimum Age ◽  
The Mean

Infertility is very common social, economic and medical problem. There are various cause of infertility, adnexal masses and endometrial thickness play a vital role among them if we find out relation between adnexal mass, endometrial thickness and infertility so we will be able to overcome this problem to great cause. Objectives: To determine the Sonographic co-relation between Adnexal Masses and Endometrial Thickness in Infertile Females Methods: This Cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at Gilani Ultrasound Center, Lahore, Jamiat Hospital and Green town clinic The University of Lahore. Study duration was 9 months. Sample size was 150 patients. Sampling technique used was convenient sampling. All Infertile Females with adnexal mass, age of 18-45 were included in study. Male with infertility were excluded. Ultrasound machine Toshiba xerio with convex transducer frequency range 2.5 to 5 MHz was used. Results: Out of 150 patients the mean age was 32 6.33, ± minimum age was 18 and maximum age was 45. The mean endometrial thickness was 0.78mm with standard deviation 0.29, minimum endometrial thickness was .10 cm, maximum endometrial thickness was 1.69 cm. Out of 150 patient's primary infertility was 30% with frequency of 45, and secondary infertility was 70% with frequency of 105. The chi-square test was used between adnexal mass and endometrial thickness shows that there is significant association because them. Conclusions: Study concluded that there was significant corelation between adnexal masses and endometrial thickness in Infertile Females. Ovaries should not neglected in infertility treatment because they play important role with respect to endometrium. The removal of adnexal masses can improve infertility rate.

Relationship of Sense of Coherence to Other Psychosocial Indices

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Holmberg ◽  
Anders Thelin ◽  
Eva-Lena Stiernström
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Job Demand ◽  
The Mean

Summary: The concept of “sense of coherence” (SOC) has been widely recognized since it was first introduced by Antonovsky. The originality and usefulness of the SOC scale and its relation to other psychosocial measures has been the subject of lively debate. The aim of this paper was to test for associations between SOC and work-related psychosocial factors (mainly the Job Demand-Control model), general living conditions, education, and social network factors. Cross-sectional data from a population-based sample of 1782 rural males from nine counties in Sweden were analyzed with a multiple regression technique. The subjects were occupationally active at inclusion and the mean age was 50 years (range 40-60). SOC was assessed with the original 29-item questionnaire. Psychosocial variables and lifestyle factors were assessed using questionnaires and structured interviews. The mean SOC among the subjects was 152.3 (standard deviation, 19.4). A strong negative correlation was found between SOC and job demand, whereas a positive correlation with job control was demonstrated. A positive correlation with general living conditions and with social support was also found. However, there was no correlation to education and occupation. Thus, SOC was shown to be strongly correlated to work-related psychosocial factors and social support, but independent of sociodemographic factors.

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