Five-Years Review of Colorectal Carcinoma in Iran-Guilan During 2005-2010; An Epidemiologic Study.

Abstract Purpose: Different factors including race, ethnicity, nutritional, environmental, and socioeconomic factors affect the prevalence of CCC and result in special epidemiologic features in the different geographic locations throughout the world.Methods: This survey was a cross-sectional retrospective descriptive study that investigated all of the operated patients with a definite diagnosis of CCC from March of 2005 to March of 2010 in the Guilan province of Iran.Results: Of a total of 311 patients, 55.3% were male and 44.7% female. The mean age was 58.91±14.29 years old. The mean average age was 60.76±4.38 years for men and 56.62±13.88 years for women. 159 patients had rectum carcinoma and 152 patients had colon carcinoma.The duration of the symptoms was less than six months in 56.9% of the patients and more than six months in 34.1%. The most common primary site of the tumor was the rectum (159 patients). The most common symptom was rectorrhagia. In the patients with FAP, the mean age was 26 years lower than patients without FAP.The mean Hemoglobin level at planning for surgery was 11.37±2.02 with arrange of 4.7 to 16.4 mg/dl.Conclusion: Considering the ever-increasing the disease and decrease in the age of affliction reported in this study, it is considered to the evaluating to the risk factors, survey the more epidemiologic study, promote the public and special screening program, and timely therapeutic intervention. Moreover, considering the high rate of rectosigmoid cases, it seems that fiber optic sigmoidoscopy has an important role in the screening and diagnosis of the disease.

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Judicial demand of medications through the Federal Justice of the State of Paraná

Einstein (São Paulo) ◽

10.1590/s1679-45082017gs3792 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 85-91 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Renato Mitsunori Nisihara ◽

Ana Carolina Possebom ◽

Luiza de Martino Cruvinel Borges ◽

Ana Claudia Athanasio Shwetz ◽

Fernanda Francis Benevides Bettes

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The State ◽

Brand Name ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Public ◽

Online System ◽

Broad Variety ◽

The Mean ◽

Mean Time

ABSTRACT Objective To describe the profile of lawsuits related to drug requests filled at the Federal Justice of the State of Paraná. Methods A cross-sectional study, and the data were obtained through consulting the lawsuits at the online system of the Federal Justice of Paraná. Results Out of 347 lawsuits included in the study, 55% of plaintiffs were women, with a median age of 56 years. Oncology was the field with more requests (23.6%), and the highest mean costs. A wide variety of diseases and broad variety of requested drugs were found in the lawsuits. Approximately two-thirds of them were requested by the brand name, and the most often requested drugs were palivizumab and tiotropium bromide. Only 14.5% of the requested medicines were registered in the National Medication Register. The Public Defender’s Office filled actions in 89.6% of cases and all lawsuits had an interim relief. The mean time for approval was 35 days and 70% of requests were granted. Conclusion Oncology was the field with the highest demand for medicines at the Federal Justice of Paraná in 2014. A great variety of medications was requested. The Public Defender´s Office represented most lawsuits. All demands had an interim relief, and the majority of requests were granted, within an average of 35 days.

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Prevalence and Management of Dysmenorrhea Among Secondary School Adolescents in Enugu State, Nigeria

10.21203/rs.3.rs-109221/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Amaka Onu ◽

Deborah Aluh ◽

Michael Ikehi

Keyword(s):

Management Practices ◽

Common Symptom ◽

Management Options ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Gynecological Disorders ◽

Menstrual Symptoms ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

Enugu State ◽

Descriptive Survey

Abstract Background: Dysmenorrhea is reported to be among the most common gynecological disorders worldwide. The current study aimed to determine the prevalence and management practices for dysmenorrhea among adolescent school girls in Nigeria. The study also aimed to determine the predictors for choosing a management option for dysmenorrhea.Methods: The study was a cross-sectional descriptive survey conducted in five conveniently selected secondary schools (high schools) in Enugu State. A 12-item questionnaire including a Visual Analog Scale was used to collect data. All data were analyzed using SPSS with significance set at p<0.05.Results: A total of 1,486 survey questionnaires were completed (88.45% response rate). The mean age of the study respondents was 15.26±1.517. The prevalence of dysmenorrhea was 51.1%. There was a significant difference (t =-6.299, p < 0.001) between the ages of the dysmenorrheic girls (15.50±1.466) and the ages of girls who were not dysmenorrheic (15.01±1.529). The mean age of Menarche was 12.64±1.450. Pain in the waist was the most common symptom reported among the respondents (57.4%, n = 853). More than one-third of the respondents reported that they take OTC medications for menstrual symptoms (31.8%, n = 472). Age and severity of dysmenorrhea significantly predicted the likelihood of taking a pharmacological agent for dysmenorrhea.Conclusion: Younger females were more likely to do nothing about menstrual pain. There is a need for adolescents to be educated on the safety and efficacy of different management options for dysmenorrhea early.

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Associated Factors to Immunization Timeliness and Completion in Preterm and Low Birth Weight Infants at Essos Hospital Center Yaounde

10.21203/rs.3.rs-110589/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Marie Kouya ◽

Annie Carole Nga Motaze ◽

Jeannette Epee Ngoué ◽

Arsene Brunelle Sandie ◽

Paul Olivier Koki Ndombo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

High Rate ◽

Routine Immunization ◽

Low Birth Weight Infants ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Immunization Practice ◽

The Mean ◽

Hospital Center

Abstract Introduction. Vaccination is very often delayed in premature and low birth weight infants. However, timely vaccination is even more important in the latter because of their increased susceptibility to infection.Objective. To assess immunization practice and factors associated with vaccine promptness and completeness in former preterm and low-birth-weight infants.Methods. We conducted a retrospective analytical cross-sectional study (January 2017 to February 2019). Main measurement : Promptness and completeness at each contact, Statistical analysis was performed using R software version 3.6.2, logistic regression was used to estimate the Odds Ratio (OR) and their 95% Confidence Interval (CI).Results. We recruited 310 children aged 12 to 36 months born before 37 weeks with low birth weight, 163 (52.6%) of whom were female. Two hundred and fifty-three had received the vaccines at the indicated age, with promptness rate of 81.6%, and 97.7% had completed routine immunization at 9 months. The mean age at vaccination initiation was 6 days ±11 and the mean weight at vaccination initiation was 2233g ±494. High prematurity and very low birth weight were associated with a high rate of vaccine delay: 61.5% [OR: 15.56; (CI: 3.22-118.52; p=0.002)] and 66.7% [OR: 19.19; (CI: 4.67-92.52; p<0.001)] respectively. Distance > 5 km with HEC [OR: 3.48; (CI: 1.68-7.47; p=0.001)] was associated with poor vaccination. Women in common-law unions had the lowest vaccine readiness rate (60.6%), (OR: 3.36; CI: 1.006-10.70; p=0.038). The frequency of occurrence of post immunization adverse events was 24.5%, with fever type in 94.7%.Conclusion. Nearly all premature and/or low-birth-weight children hospitalized at Essos Hospital Center had completed routine immunization at 9 months, and the majority had received the vaccines in a timely manner. Similar study is needed in rural area.

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Impact of Cognitive Dysfunction in the Middle East Depressed Patients: The ICMED Study

Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health ◽

10.2174/1745017901814010270 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 270-283 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Abdulqader Al Jarad ◽

Ahmad Al Hadi ◽

Ali Al Garatli ◽

Aly Akram ◽

Dakhil Alsaeidi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Dysfunction ◽

United Arab Emirates ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Common Factor ◽

High Rate ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Mean ◽

The Impact

Background:Major depressive disorder is a common condition with a high rate of recurrence, chronicity, and affecting economic burden, including disability in the workplace, which leads to negative consequences on both individuals and society.Objectives:This study aimed to estimate the impact of cognitive dysfunction, as declared by the patient, on performing daily tasks/activities among patients with major depression disorder (MDD).Methods:This investigation is based on multinational cross-sectional survey of 499 workers recruited from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and United Arab Emirates (UAE). We assessed the severity of depression by Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). Impact of Depression in the Workplace in Europe Audit (IDEA) survey and trial making test (TMT) parts A and B were used to assess the impact of cognitive dysfunction on performing daily tasks/activities in adult patients presented with MDD.Results:A total of 499 persons were included in this study, aged 18–66 years, current workers and managers. Of them, 17.8% were normal (remitted), 22.4% were mildly depressed, 23.4% were moderately depressed, 8.6% were severely depressed, and 27.7% were very severely depressed at the time of the study according to HDRS. Common symptoms attributable to depression were low mode or sadness (89.8%), followed by insomnia (75.2%) and crying (70.9%). Of them, low mode or sadness was the most common factor affecting the work performance (90.2%). About 66.3% of participants diagnosed with depression by a doctor/medical professional. Awareness of the disease was recognizable by patients’ managers in only 31.9% of the cases. Furthermore, 45.3% of cases had taken off work due to depression with mean duration of 38.7 (95% CI 37.7 to 39.7) days. The mean TMT parts A and B score were 69.2 (95% CI 66.3 to 72.2) and 126.6 (95% CI 121 to 132), respectively. Lastly, a significant positive correlation between the mean score for HDRS and TMT-A and B scores was observed.Conclusion:Depression affects work productivity and work environment with negative consequences to countries’ economy. Awareness of depression in the workplace in KSA and UAE is still suboptimal. The personal and societal burden of this issue cannot be neglected when we become aware of the proportion of affected people.

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One Snake or Two? Exploring Medical Symbols Among Medical Students

Acta Medica Martiniana ◽

10.2478/acm-2019-0011 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 78-87

Author(s):

Kazeem Kanmodi Kehinde ◽

Adebayo Oladimeji ◽

Ayomikun Adesina Miracle ◽

Francis Fagbule Omotayo ◽

Emerenini Franklin

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Medical Curriculum ◽

Medical Society ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Orthodox Medicine ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

North West ◽

The Public ◽

History Of ◽

The Mean

Abstract Background: Symbols play a very crucial role in the culture of a society, and the medical society is not an exception to this. In the world of Orthodox medicine, the Rod of Asclepius is regarded as the true symbol of medicine. However, there exists to be an issue of interchange of the correct medical symbol (i.e. Rod of Asclepius) with another similar symbol (i.e. the Caduceus). This study aims to explore medical students’ knowledge and opinion on the appropriate symbol of medicine. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey of 84 medical students at the Usmanu Danfodiyo University (UDU), North-West Nigeria. Study tool was a paper questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using the Epi info 7 Software. Results: The mean (±SD) age of the participants was 23.7 (±3.4) years, 72.6% were males, and 73.8% were in their 4th year. Only 59.5% had interest in non-medical literature. Also, only 6.0% had doctors as their parents. The majority (88.1%) of the participants erroneously identified the Caduceus symbol as the most appropriate symbol of medicine. Furthermore, only 45.2% indicated that the Rod of Asclepius and the Caduceus symbols originated from ancient Greece. Virtually all (97.6%) the participants opined that the Caduceus symbol is the most popular symbol of Medicine. Finally, the majority (73.8%) of the participants recommended that a course on the History of Medicine should be added to the medical curriculum of their school. Conclusion: This study found that the majority of the surveyed medical students did not know much about the historically correct medical symbol. This shows the need for awareness creation on the true symbol of medicine among medical students, and even the public-at-large.

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Dementia Community Screening Program in District Health Area 11: Phase 1

Walailak Journal of Science and Technology (WJST) ◽

10.48048/wjst.2020.5741 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (10) ◽

pp. 1042-1047

Author(s):

Tharin PHENWAN ◽

Weeratian TAWANWONGSRI ◽

Phanit KOOMHIN ◽

Udomsak SAENGOW

Keyword(s):

Screening Program ◽

Phase 1 ◽

Diabetic Mellitus ◽

District Health ◽

Timed Up And Go ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Community Screening ◽

Minimum Age ◽

The Mean ◽

Abbreviated Mental Test

To estimate the prevalence of dementia among Thai elderly in the upper Southern region of Thailand, we performed a cross-sectional screening of all Thai older people from 2 areas of Nakhon Si Thammarat province: Tambon Baan Thungchon, Tha Sala district, and Moo 6 and 7 from Sichon district, from December 2016 to November 2017. Trained health volunteers identified the participants in their communities and collected data including age, gender, comorbidities, Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT) results, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores. Our sample comprised 773 participants, of which 605 (78.3 %) were from Baan Thungchon area, while 168 were from Moo 6 and Moo 7 of Sichon district. The majority of participants were female (431, 55.7 %). The mean age of the participants was 79 ± 9.1 years, with a minimum age of 60, and a maximum age of 95. Their comorbidities were hypertension (42.9 %), type II diabetic mellitus (33.2 %), dyslipidemia (37.5 %), and osteoarthritis of the knees (35.8 %). 35.1 % of them also had positive TUGT. Sixty-seven participants (8.7 %) scored 7 or lower in the Abbreviated Mental Test (AMT). Five participants (7.5 %) had a positive screening for dementia.

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Assessing effective mask use by the public in two countries: an observational study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049389 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. e049389

Author(s):

Clare L Atzema ◽

Ivona Mostarac ◽

Dana Button ◽

Peter C Austin ◽

Arshia P Javidan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Observational Study ◽

Disease Transmission ◽

Public Transit ◽

The Elderly ◽

Large Reduction ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Public ◽

Younger Age ◽

Improper Use ◽

The Mean

ObjectivesDuring the COVID-19 pandemic wearing a mask in public has been recommended in some settings and mandated in others. How often this advice is followed, how well, and whether it inadvertently leads to more disease transmission opportunities due to a combination of improper use and physical distancing lapses is unknown.DesignCross-sectional observational study performed in June–August 2020.SettingEleven outdoor and indoor public settings (some with mandated mask use, some without) each in Toronto, Ontario, and in Portland, Oregon.ParticipantsAll passers-by in the study settings.Outcome measuresMask use, incorrect mask use, and number of breaches (ie, coming within 2 m of someone else where both parties were not properly masked).ResultsWe observed 36 808 persons, the majority of whom were estimated to be aged 31–65 years (49%). Two-thirds (66.7%) were wearing a mask and 13.6% of mask-wearers wore them incorrectly. Mandatory mask-use settings were overwhelmingly associated with mask use (adjusted OR 79.2; 95% CI 47.4 to 135.1). Younger age, male sex, Torontonians, and public transit or airport settings (vs in a store) were associated with lower adjusted odds of wearing a mask. Mandatory mask-use settings were associated with lower adjusted odds of mask error (OR 0.30; 95% CI 0.14 to 0.73), along with female sex and Portland subjects. Subjects aged 81+ years (vs 31–65 years) and those on public transit and at the airport (vs stores) had higher odds of mask errors. Mask-wearers had a large reduction in adjusted mean number of breaches (rate ratio (RR) 0.19; 95% CI 0.17 to 0.20). The 81+ age group had the largest association with breaches (RR 7.77; 95% CI 5.32 to 11.34).ConclusionsMandatory mask use was associated with a large increase in mask-wearing. Despite 14% of them wearing their masks incorrectly, mask users had a large reduction in the mean number of breaches (disease transmission opportunities). The elderly and transit users may warrant public health interventions aimed at improving mask use.

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Attitude, Familiarity and Religious Beliefs about Vaccination among Health Science and Non-Health Science Students in a Malaysian Public University

European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education ◽

10.3390/ejihpe11040104 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 1462-1473

Author(s):

Ramdan M. Elkalmi ◽

Eman Dyab ◽

Azyyati Mohd Suhaimi ◽

Ali Qais Blebil ◽

Mohamed Hassan Elnaem ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Religious Beliefs ◽

Vaccine Safety ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Science ◽

Vaccine Hesitancy ◽

Attitude Score ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Public ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean

Vaccine hesitancy has surfaced globally within the last few decades, and the fears and misconceptions of people about vaccine safety and effectiveness have been identified as key factors for their under-utilization. The familiarity, attitudes, and religious beliefs of the public and of future healthcare practitioners regarding vaccination are extensive areas needing exploration. The present exploratory cross-sectional study was designed, planned and carried out on students enrolled in health science and non-health science courses in one of the public universities of Malaysia. A research instrument that had been formulated, validated and subjected to reliability testing was used to collect the data, which were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. A response rate of 80.8% (n = 202) was obtained: the majority were female (n = 161, 79.7%), and had been vaccinated before (n = 190, 97.5%), while a mere 2% did not support vaccination for reasons pertaining to safety issues. The vaccine familiarity score was 10.79 ± 1.4, which significantly differed among the study disciplines (p < 0.001). The mean of the total attitude score was 14.95 ± 1.5, with no significant difference among demographics being noted. The mean of the total religious beliefs score was 24.29 ± 2.8 and significantly differed based on gender (p = 0.040) and study disciplines (p < 0.001). The current findings showed that the participants were familiar with vaccines and had generally positive attitudes and positive religious beliefs toward vaccination; thus, one can expect that their inclusion in immunization campaigns will generate positive outcomes of the immunization program. Although the current research reported few knowledge gaps, these may be handled with the introduction of a specialized immunization course at an undergraduate level.

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Suicide in the elderly: an epidemiologic study

Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP ◽

10.1590/s1980-220x2019026603694 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 55 ◽

Author(s):

Mariana Cristina Lobato dos Santos ◽

Barbara Bartuciotti Giusti ◽

Clarissa Ayri Yamamoto ◽

Suely Itsuko Ciosak ◽

Regina Szylit

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Mortality Rate ◽

General Population ◽

Elderly Population ◽

Epidemiologic Study ◽

The Elderly ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Mean ◽

Elderly Suicide ◽

High Place

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the incidence and means of elderly suicide in Brazil. Method: Epidemiologic, cross-sectional, quantitative, and retrospective study. The data were obtained in a platform maintained by the Ministry of Health and analyzed. The mortality rate was calculated and means and percentages regarding the employed means of suicide were obtained. Results: In this period, 8,977 suicides took place among the population over 60 years. The highest suicide rates were concentrated in the population over 80, which presented a mean 8.4/100,000 for this period, and between 70 and 79 years, with a mean rate of 8.2/100,000. Considering the total elderly population over 60 years, this value reached 7.8/100,000, whereas in the general population this was 5.3/100,000. The values are always higher among the elderly population: the mean rate in the last five years among the elderly is 47.2% higher than the mean for the general population. The main mean of suicide was hanging (68%), followed by firearm (11%), self-intoxication (9%), falling from a high place (5%), and undefined or undetermined means (6%). Conclusion: Epidemiologic analyses bring visibility to the dyad aging and suicide, corroborating the pertinence of this theme.

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Evaluation of the knowledge of university students in the health area about sexually transmitted infections: A cross-sectional study

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v10i5.15370 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. e52710515370

Author(s):

Carlos Izaias Sartorão Filho ◽

Carlos Izaias Sartorão Neto ◽

Carla Fabiana Souza Guazelli ◽

Camila Rodrigues Avello ◽

Ivana Geraldelli Neiva Rodrigues ◽

...

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Public Institution ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Private Institution ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

The Public ◽

Health Area ◽

The Mean

Introduction: Sexually transmitted infections (STI) have consequences that negatively affect the population's quality of life and health. Young adults are susceptible to low access to preventive measures and a greater behavior risk. The objective was to evaluate and compare STI' Knowledge in university students from health courses, a public institution, and a private institution of higher education in Brazil. Methods: a cross-sectional study conducted in 2019 in Brazil at the FEMA School of Medicine in Assis-SP and the University of the State of São Paulo (UNESP) in Marília in the courses of Physiotherapy, Speech Therapy, and Occupational Therapy, in undergraduate students, over 18 years of age, through a self-applied questionnaire translated and adapted to the Brazilian Portuguese from the STD-KQ – Transmitted Disease Knowledge Questionnaire.Results: 462/700 students participated (66.66%) 18-46 years of age (mean 21.46 years, +/- 3.61), 99 men and 363 women. In the private institution, 262/340 (77.06%), and in the public institution, 200/360 (55.55%). The mean age was 22.21 (+/- 4.21) years among men and 21.25 (+/- 3.41) years among women. The mean percentage of the 28 test questions' correct answers was 52.07%. The average number of correct responses per student was 17.49 out of 28 possible, 62% (+/-4.97). The distribution between the groups was normal. In the multiple linear regression model for the percentage of correct answers, adjusted for the confounding variables, the intercept was 55.2. The students of the private institution answered 19,655 questions more than the public one (P<.001), and for each semester of graduation, the students answered 1,628 more questions (P<.001). There were no relevant differences regarding the gender and age of the students. Conclusion: there are gaps in STI knowledge among university students in the health area. The students of the first semesters of the courses, and, in particular, students from a public educational institution, had a significantly lower performance of the right in the questionnaire applied. Thus, actions to promote STI knowledge and preventive attitudes are necessary among university students.

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