scholarly journals Optimisation of Nutrition of Early-Maturing Potato Varieties on Drip Irrigation in the South of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Valentina Gamajunova ◽  
Lubov Khonenko ◽  
Oksana Iskakova
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
The Impact

Potatoes are an extremely important crop for the nutrition of the population in Ukraine. Its potential is high-up to 100 t/ha of tubers, but the average yield reaches 14-16 t/ha. To obtain significantly higher productivity, it is necessary to improve the main elements of cultivation technology. The main factor of potato production on drip irrigation is the optimisation of plant nutrition, which the authors have taken to study with three varieties of early maturing potatoes. Studies have established that providing plants with nutrients with the selection of varieties can increase the productivity of tubers up to 37-39 t/ha, or increase its level compared to the control to 64.7%. It was determined that the maximum yield is provided by the main application from autumn N32P32K32, before planting N48P48K48 and carrying out three top dressings during the growing season simultaneously with watering with a total rate of N33 and Plantafol 6 kg/ha, starting from the beginning of budding with an interval of 8-10 days. At the same time, tubers are formed with high-quality indicators as they contain a sufficient number of dry substances, ascorbic acid (vitamin C), and starch. It should be noted that when optimising nutrition, the intake of all the main indicators of potato tubers compared to the control slightly decreased, namely dry substances and starch. On the contrary, the amount of ascorbic acid increased, especially with top dressing with Plantafol. Varietal features regarding the impact on the quality of tubers are also determined. Significantly more dry substances were found in tubers of the Riviera and Prada varieties, and more starch content was found in Prada and Minerva varieties. Slightly less dry matter and ascorbic acid were detected in Minerva potato tubers compared to other varieties. From the grown crop of tubers of the studied potato varieties, it is possible to obtain up to 4.0 t/ha of bioethanol or alcohol if they are processed

scholarly journals FEATURES OF THE AGROTECHNOLOGY OF EARLY RIPE GRADES OF POTATOES AT CULTIVATION ON THE SEED PURPOSES IN CONDITIONS OF THE SMOLENSK REGION

2019 ◽  
pp. 99-103
Author(s):  
L. K. Сhehalkova ◽  
A. M. Konova ◽  
A. Yu. Gavrilova ◽  
V. M. Novikov
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Mass Flowering ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Early Maturing

The most significant in the technology of growing potatoes are the timing of removal of the tops, as this factor directly affects the physiological state of the tubers and their quality. Therefore, the aim of the study was to determine the effect of the timing of removal of tops on yield, quantitative yield and quality of elite seed of early maturing potato varieties Snegir, Delphin, Udacha and Zhukovskij rannij. Experience, observations and accounting were carried out according to generally accepted methods. The study was conducted in a field experiment of the Smolensk Institute of agriculture (ex. Smolensk GOSHOS). As a result of phenological observations, it was found that the mass flowering did not occur simultaneously in all studied potato varieties. Before all the phase of mass flowering occurred in the Zhukovskij rannij variety. The percentage of plant viral diseases in all studied varieties in the variant with the term of removal of the tops 21 days after mass flowering was higher, compared with the options for removing the tops in earlier flowering periods. The maximum yield of seed fraction of potato tubers in varieties Delphin and Snegir (12.6 and 26.1 t/ha, respectively) was noted in the version with the second term of removal of the tops, in varieties Zhukovskij rannij and Udacha (23.2 and 23.4 t/ha, respectively) – in the version with the term of removal of the tops 21 days after mass flowering. The yield of tubers seed fraction and their mass were the highest varieties of Dеlphin and Zhukovskij rannij. According to the results of the tuberous analysis, an increase in the total number of tubers affected by fungal diseases was observed in variants with later dates of removal of the tops. The most affected disease of all the studied varieties was the grade of bullfinch (1.5-4%), the most resistant to disease – cv. Udacha.

scholarly journals Influence of the level of mineral nutrition and complex agrotechnical techniques on seed productivity and quality of new potato varieties of different maturity groups in specific soil and climatic conditions

2020 ◽  
pp. 88-93
Author(s):  
L. K. Сhehalkova ◽  
A. M. Konova ◽  
A. Yu. Gavrilova
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Seed Potatoes ◽  
Early Ripening

Relevance. The aim was to study the reaction of new potato varieties early ripening group Zabava and middle-ripening group Smolyanochka on the timing of planting and doses of mineral fertilizers for obtaining maximum yield of seed potatoes. As mineral fertilizers used azophoska, superphosphate and potassium chloride.Results. It was found that the variety Zabava compared to the variety Smolyanochka, had a higher stem-forming ability and exceeded the parameters of the stem in all variants of the experiment. This is due to the biological characteristics of the studied varieties, since the Zabava variety, unlike the Smolyanochka variety, had more multiple eyes on the surface of the tuber. Against the background of applying mineral fertilizers N60P72K90, the density of the stem was higher, compared with the background of applying N32P32K32 in both the Zabava variety and the Smolyanochka variety. It should also be noted that there was a tendency to reduce the stem at a later date of planting in all variants of the experiment. The percentage of viral diseases affected increased with later planting dates and was highest with the planting dates of 14 and 20 may. The highest yield of tubers of the seed fraction was obtained in the variant with a planting date of may 14 against the background of balanced doses of mineral fertilizers (N60P72K90) and amounted to 13.3 t/ha in the Zabava variety, 13.0 t/ha in the Smolyanochka variety. It should be noted that different backgrounds of mineral fertilizers did not have a significant impact on the percentage of potato tubers affected by diseases. At the same time, the incidence of tubers with diseases did not exceed the regulatory requirements of GOST R 53136 – 2008 "Seed potatoes. Technical conditions».

scholarly journals The Effect of Light Exposures on the Content of Harmful Substances in Edible Potato Tuber

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Rymuza ◽  
Marek Gugała ◽  
Krystyna Zarzecka ◽  
Anna Sikorska ◽  
Pavol Findura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Continuous Light ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Harmful Substances ◽  
Total Glycoalkaloids ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Linear Manner ◽  
Effect Of Light

Background: The impact of light on the content of undesirable substances is particularly important in the case of potatoes available in store where the tubers are exposed to continuous light access. Both washed and unwashed potatoes are available, hence the hypothesis that the amount of harmful substances stored in tubers depends not only on the time of their exposure to light, but also on whether they were washed or not. Methods: In order to verify the hypothesis, laboratory tests were carried out on the tubers of five potato varieties originating from a univariate field experiment. The aim of the study was to analyse the change in the content of total glycoalkaloids (TGA) and nitrates (V) in tubers of five potato varieties depending on the time of light exposition (0, 7, 14 days) and pretreatment of tubers. Results: It has been demonstrated that the content of glycoalkaloids and nitrates in potato tubers depended significantly on the variety, time of exposure to light and pretreatment. Most glycoalkaloids were accumulated in the tubers of the Lord (89.67 mg·kg−1) and Irga (89.05 mg·kg−1) varieties. The time of light exposure significantly influenced the increase in glycoalkaloids and nitrates in the studied potato tubers. The increase in TGA after 14 days ranged from 20.67 mg∙kg−1 for variety Vinieta to 54.67 mg∙kg−1 for variety Irga. The increase in nitrates ranged from 11.67 mg∙kg−1 for variety Bellarosa to 27.50 mg∙kg−1 for variety Irga. Exposure time affected the content of glycoalkaloids in a parabolic manner and the content of nitrates in a linear manner.

THE ROLE OF THE VARIETY IN THE REGIONALLY ADAPTIVE RESOURCE-SAVING TECHNOLOGY OF POTATO CULTIVATION

1970 ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
L. P. Evstratova ◽  
L. А. Kuznetsova ◽  
Е. V. Nikolaeva
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Time Factors ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Early Variety ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Growing Conditions

The article presents the results of a 4-year study of three potato varieties of different maturity groups on the 70th, 80th and 90th days of harvesting in Karelia. At the same time, the highest yield indicators were found in the early-maturing variety Pushkinets on the first date of harvesting, the middle-early variety Nevsky — on the second and third dates. The maximum yield of the medium-ripened Peterburgsky variety was at a later date. The reliable influence of potato growing conditions on the number, mass of tubers per plant, yield, marketability and starch content was determined. In contrast to the "variety" and "harvest time" factors, the participation rate of the "year" factor was maximum and varied from 0.37 to 0.74. The direct dependence of the starch content in tubers on the sum of the average daily air temperatures for the field season is established. The marketability, yield of potatoes and the amount of starch in tubers decreased with an increase in both the amount of precipitation for the season and the complex indicator of hydrothermal characteristics (HTC). The studied varieties had different adaptability to local conditions: the Pushkinets variety was characterized by high ecological plasticity, the Peterburgsky variety — low, and the Nevsky variety was classified as an intensive type of variety. When developing a resource-saving technology for potato cultivation in extreme conditions of Northern agriculture, it is advisable to use early-maturing and medium-early varieties with high adaptive capacity.

SELECTION OF MEDIUM EARLY AND MID-SEASON VARIETIES OF POTATOES FOR THE STEPPE ZONE OF SOUTHERN URALS

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Аминова ◽  
Evgeniya Aminova ◽  
Мушинский ◽  
Aleksandr Mushinskiy ◽  
Герасимова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Selection Of

The purpose of research is to identify the most adaptive and productive varieties of potatoes for the steppe zone of Southern Urals. The experience was laid by one-factor circuit in 3-fold repetition. The studies were conducted for middle- and middle-early varieties of potatoes domestic and foreign selection. Determined yield, marketability, starch and dry content in potato tubers. At 4 years of data were allocated potato varieties – Artemis (57.8 t/ha), Aerrow (52.0 t/ha) and Romano (49.5 t/ha). Distinguished highest yield of marketable products varieties: Artemis – 97.9%, Tarasov – 97.7%, and Aerrow Romano – 97.4%. The starch content in tubers was measurable by 10.2% (Ed Scarlett) to 16.0% (Kovalenko Memory), and the dry matter content in tubers ranged from 15.6% (Ed Scarlett) to 23.8% (Memory Kovalenko).

scholarly journals Impact of Variety Type and Irrigation on Technical Efficiency of Potato Farmers: The Case of Terai Region of Nepal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surya Prasad Adhikari ◽  
Yuga Nath Ghimire ◽  
Krishna Prasad Timsina ◽  
Samaya Gairhe
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Production Function ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Frontier Production Function ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The national average potato productivity is far below as compared to other neighbouring countries due to several production constraints. Variety and irrigation are the important factors to increase production. The aim of this study is to find the technical efficiency of potato production and to estimate the impact of variety type and irrigation on technical efficiency. A multistage random sampling procedure was employed to select 300 potato farmers from three districts of Nepal. The study used a stochastic frontier production function model to find the production elasticity coefficients of inputs, determinants of efficiency, and technical efficiency of potato farmers. Results showed that variety type and irrigation have a significant positive impact on the technical efficiency of potato production. Nepalese improved varieties adopter farmers were more efficient (73%) than Indian (66%) and local (59%) potato varieties. Likewise, Irrigated potato farming has higher efficiency (71%) than rainfed potato (61%) farming. The mean technical efficiency value of potato farmers was 69 per cent and farmers can increase it with better use of available resources. It is suggested that use of improved potato varieties and irrigation application along with proper amounts of inputs used help to improve technical efficiency of potato farmers.

scholarly journals Impact of Post-Harvest Processing and Storing of Potato Tubers on Toxic Compounds Accumulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Magdalena Dusza ◽  
Maciej Sporysz ◽  
Dorota Sokołowska ◽  
Katarzyna Grotkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Food Studies ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Toxic Compounds ◽  
The Family ◽  
Steroid Glycosides ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Very High

AbstractDespite a long-term reduction trend, the potato production in Poland compared to EU countries is still very high. Therefore, the aim of the paper was to investigate the impact of mechanical damages and light for various genotypes on glycoalkaloids accumulation. Glycoalkaloids are toxic steroid glycosides that naturally occur in the family of Solanaceae. According to many authors, their presence in plants is related to resistance to a physiological stress inflicted by mechanical damages and infections caused by some microorganisms and insects. The TGA content above 200 mg∙kg−1 in a fresh mass of potatoes is an upper limit that guarantees health safety of food. Studies were carried out on 28 potato cultivars divided into 4 groups. The studies that were carried out after harvesting and after 5 months of storage in the experimental storage room in the temperature of 8°C showed an impact of damages and exposition to light of potato tubers on the content of glycoalkaloids.

THE EFFECT OF THE AGRO-MASTER MICROFERTILIZER ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF POTATO TUBERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 640-648
Author(s):  
L.P. Ikoeva ◽  
◽  
O.E. Khaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Early Variety ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Local Selection

The effect of microfertilizer «Agro-Master» on the yield and quality of early and medium early of potato tubers varieties was studied, carried out at the experimental field of North Caucasus Research Institute of Mountain and Foothill Agriculture - branch of the VSC of RAS in the forest-steppe zone of Republic of North Ossetia-Alania on grass rotation in the period from 2017 to 2019 yy. The experimental data indicate that the use of microfertilizer «Agro-Master» in a specific soil and climate zone is a promising technique that can improve the productivity and quality of potato tubers in the field. The data of our studies on leached chernozems showed no clear differences in the timing of the onset of the development phases of potatoes. The intensity and speed of emergence of seedlings to a greater extent depends on weather conditions and varietal characteristics. It was found that when spraying potatoes with microfertilizer «Agro-Master» in different doses, the process of dying of tops is slowed down in comparison with the control options. So, in the Zukofsky early variety, the top-off phase begins 7-8 days earlier than the Red Scarlett variety and 10-11 days of the Predgorny variety of local selection. The maximum yield increase was observed when processing of the microfertilizer «Agro-Master» at a dose of 2 kg/he on the pre-mountain local breeding grade – 27,5 tons per hectare, while the increase in yield to control was 5,0 tons per hectare, for varieties of Zukofsky early and Red Scarlett – 5,0 and 4,7 tons per hectare respectively. The highest dry matter content was on the experimental version (dose 2 kg / ha) for the Predgorny variety – 26,6 %, the Zukofsky early and Red Scarlett varieties – 25,9 and 23,8 %, that accordingly is more than control on 3; 2 and 3 %. The starch content in the studied potato tubers in the experimental varieties was diverse. The maximum starch content in potato tubers was obtained using the variant treated with Agro-Master at a dose of 2 kg/he for Predgorny variety (16,0 %), which is explained by the favorable influence of microfertilizer «Agro-Master» and the manifestation of varietal characteristics.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF NUTRITION AND GLYCEMIC INDEX OF SWEET POTATOES AND ITS APPROPRIATE PROCESSING TO HYPOGLYCEMIC FOODS

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Made Astawana ◽  
Sri Widowati
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Nutritional Properties ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
High Amylose

<p>Indonesia placed the fourth biggest diabetics in the world after India, China, and the USA with prevalence amounting to 8.6% of the population. Diabetes is an abnormal carbohydrate metabolism. Therefore, nutrition plays a key role in the management of the disease. This study aimed to find hypoglycemic sweet potatoes and appropriate processing to create low glycemic foods. Eight Indonesian sweet potato varieties/clones were used in this experiment, i.e. Kidal, Sukuh, Sari, Ungu, Jago, BB00105.10, B0464, and BB00106.18. Samples were firstly analyzed for their physicochemical and nutritional properties, which then followed by evaluation of their hypoglycemic responses. The selected variety was processed into three different basic processing methods, i.e. boiling, baking, and frying, and then their glycemic indexes (GI) were evaluated. Result showed that among eight sweet potato varieties/clones studied, BB00105.10 clone indicated the best hypoglycemic response. The highest hypoglycemic activity was supported with the highest resistant starch content (3.8%), protein content (5.47%), and low starch digestibility (51.4%). The sweet potato tubers contained medium to high amylose (24.94%). Processing methods influenced the GI value of foods. Fried sweet potatoes had the lowest GI (47), followed by the boiled one (GI = 62) and the baked one (GI = 80).</p>

ACCELERATED PRODUCTION OF VIRUS-FREE POTATO PLANTING MATERIAL USING A BIOREACTOR

REPORTS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (333) ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
D. Volkov ◽  
◽  
А. Аrgynbayeva ◽  
D. Daurov ◽  
К. Zhapar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Meristem Culture ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Seed Potatoes ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

Potato production is one of the key branches of crop production that determines the food security of Kazakhstan. The Republic needs over 800,000 tons of seed potatoes per year. In addition to seed potatoes, which are grown in Kazakhstan, about 30,000 tons of seed potatoes are imported annually, while about 80% of this volume is imported from the Netherlands through private companies [1]. In 2018, 193.0 thousand hectares were occupied under potatoes in Kazakhstan, while the gross harvest amounted to 3806.9 thousand tons. At the same time, the yield in 2018 was only 19.8 t/ha. While in neighboring Uzbekistan in 2018, the yield was 33.68 t/ha, the maximum yield in New Zealand in 2018 was about 50.41 t/ha[2]. It is known that one of the main reasons for low potato yield is low-quality seed material. In Kazakhstan, mainly after obtaining virus-free plants in vitro through meristem culture, minitubers are obtained from them in most technological processes; in rare cases, microtubers are obtained from meristem plants in vitro and then minitubers from them. Research has shown that the bioreactor can massively clone meristem plants and get full-fledged virus-free microtubules reducing a significant proportion of manual labor, thereby reducing the impact on the result of the human factor, reduce infections, and reduce labor costs and material costs.

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