scholarly journals Study of copulatory behaviour in old male rabbits

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Pedro Jiménez ◽  
Evelia Cuamatzi ◽  
Gabriela González-Mariscal
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Scent Marking ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Test Duration ◽  
Male Rabbit ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Neuroendocrine Mechanisms ◽  
B Test ◽  
Copulatory Behaviour

<p>Male rabbit sexual behaviour consists of a single mount followed immediately by ejaculation. In young bucks this pattern changes gradually as they reach sexual satiety in a day and sexual exhaustion after several daily tests. Little is known about the characteristics of sexual behaviour in old rabbits (aged 48-54 mo) within a day and across daily tests leading to sexual exhaustion. By using sexually receptive(young) females, changed within a session to maximise copulation, we found that: a) the inter-ejaculatory interval increased between the first and last days of testing; b) test duration was 3.1 h on day 1 and 0.5 h on day 15; c) the “miss rate” (i.e., mounts not accompanied by ejaculation) significantly increased from the first to the last day of testing, regardless of when this occurred in each individual buck; d) the total number of ejaculations displayed in a session significantly decreased between the first and the last day of testing in all males; e) scent-marking (“chinning”) frequency significantly decreased after copulation to satiety, relative to that quantified at baseline, and was restored the following day. Compared with young bucks our results indicate quantitative, rather than qualitative, differences in sexual behaviour associated with age in rabbits. Specifically, on day 1 old bucks spent a shorter time engaged in copulation and displayed a lower number of ejaculations before reaching satiety than young males. In contrast, the interval between ejaculatory events and the “miss rate” increased across test days in both old and young rabbits. These results merit investigating the neuroendocrine mechanisms underlying the display of such an active sexual behaviour by old rabbit bucks.</p>

Comparative assessment of average clinical smile parameters in male and female patients with orthognathic occlusion

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-126
Author(s):  
V. G. Galonsky ◽  
N. V. Tarasova ◽  
V. V. Aliamovskii ◽  
I. S. Leonovich
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Evaluation Of Parameters ◽  
Distinguishing Features ◽  
Vertical Size ◽  
Relative Concept ◽  
The Ideal

Relevance. Separate issues in anthropomorphic sizes of relative norm of the ideal smile, its qualitative and qualitative parameters have not been addressed to sufficiently and are not properly reflected in scientific literature.Purpose. To determine distinguishing features in average smile parameters of the smile in male and female patients with orthognathic occlusion.Materials and methods. A clinical and anthropometric evaluation of parameters in main smile types was carried out for 150 young males and 150 young females aged 19-24 who had identical physiological development parameters.Results. It has been revealed that occurrence frequency of main smile types in patients with orthognathic occlusion has pronounced signs of sexual dimorphism which in over one half of the cases lies in predominance of the incisal smile type in males (52.7%) and the fascial type in females (55.3%). Occurence frequency of the cervical smile type totaled 25% among the studied patients of both genders. Average vertical size parameters in the incisal smile lies within the diapason of 3.91-4.91mm with surpassing by 1mm in males. Analogical data for the fascial smile type form the diapason of 6.21-6.73mm with surpassing by 0.52mm in females. The cervical smile type is characterised by larger vertical size forming the diapason of 7.94-8.91mm with surpassing by 0.97mm in males.Conclusion. The results of the study have shown that the “beautiful and ideal smile” is a relative concept having varied anthropometric characteristics and pronounced signs of sexual dimorphism lying in a broad spectrum of the dentofacial system norm notion with specific vectors for individual morphological deviations.

scholarly journals The relationship between empathy and altruistic motivations in nursing studies: a multi-method study

BMC Nursing ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Messineo ◽  
Luciano Seta ◽  
Mario Allegra
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Education ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Motivational Factors ◽  
Care Process ◽  
First Year ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Young Females

Abstract Background The efficient management of relational competences in healthcare professionals is crucial to ensuring that a patient’s treatment and care process is conducted positively. Empathy is a major component of the relational skills expected of health professionals. Knowledge of undergraduate healthcare students’ empathic abilities is important for educators in designing specific and efficient educational programmes aimed at supporting or enhancing such competences. In this study, we measured first-year undergraduate nursing students’ attitudes towards professional empathy in clinical encounters. The students’ motivations for entering nursing education were also evaluated. This study takes a multi-method approach based on the use of qualitative and quantitative tools to examine the association between students’ positive attitudes towards the value of empathy in health professionals and their prosocial and altruistic motivations in choosing to engage in nursing studies. Methods A multi-method study was performed with 77 first-year nursing students. The Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE) – Health Professions Student Version was administered. Students’ motivations for choosing nursing studies were detected through an open question and thematically analysed. Using explorative factor analysis and principal component analysis, a dimensional reduction was conducted to identify subjects with prosocial and altruistic motivations. Finally, linear models were tested to examine specific associations between motivation and empathy. Results Seven distinct themes distinguishing internal and external motivational factors were identified through a thematic analysis of students’ answers regarding their decision to enter a nursing degree course. Female students gained higher scores on the empathy scale than male ones. When students’ age was considered, this difference was only observed for younger students, with young females’ total scores being higher than young males'. High empathy scores were positively associated with altruistic motivational factors. A negative correlation was found between external motivational factors and the scores of the Compassionate Care subscale of the JSE. Conclusions Knowing the level of nursing students’ empathy and their motivational factors for entering nursing studies is important for educators to implement training paths that enhance students’ relational attitudes and skills and promote the positive motivational aspects that are central to this profession.

EFFECT OF PROSTAGLANDIN E2 ON MASCULINE SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR IN THE RAT

1977 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. G. CLEMENS ◽  
B. A. GLADUE
Keyword(s):  
Prostaglandin E2 ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Testosterone Propionate ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Intracerebral Infusion ◽  
Masculine Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Copulatory Behaviour

Intracerebral infusion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) facilitated copulatory behaviour of longterm castrated rats. Castrated rats were given daily systemic injections of testosterone propionate (50 pg) or oil vehicle, and then 30 min before behavioural testing they received an intrahypothalamic infusion of either PGE2 or saline. Rats receiving PGE2 in addition to systemic testosterone showed more copulatory behaviour than those receiving PGE2 or testosterone alone.

scholarly journals TINGKAH LAKU SOSIAL RUSA TIMOR (Cervus timorensis) DI PENANGKARAN BUMI MARINA, MANOKWARI

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Jerianto Tawala Madja ◽  
Johan F. Koibur ◽  
Freddy Pattiselanno
Keyword(s):  
Social Activity ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Daily Behavior ◽  
Time Observation ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Analyze Data

Deer is a wild animal that has economi value and can be utilized by the commnity as a source of protein of animal origin so that the deer can be breed by the communty. In papua deer have been cultivated or breed in a relativery large scare. The purpose of cultivation or captivity is to know the daily behavior or deer timor (Cervus timorensis) in brooder breeding condtion with large numbers of pet populations. The time of study for ±one month is from the beginning of september to the and of september 2017. Using 10 sample from 24 deer in breeding, 3 aduit males, 2 young males, 3 adult females and 1 young females and 1 culf. Using time observation method with observation technique. Analyze data using exel to find the percen tage of social activity from each time period. Each time period was divided into I 06:00-08:00(6,48%); II 08:00-10:00(25,93%); III 10:00-12:00(19,44%); IV 12:00-14:00(7,41%); V 14:00-16:00(6,48) and VI 16:00-18:00(34,26). Our findings showed that social activity/interaction in group much more observed in the afternoon.

Effects of adults on survival and recruitment of Peromyscus leucopus

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (10) ◽  
pp. 2519-2523
Author(s):  
Gregory H. Adler ◽  
Mark L. Wilson ◽  
Michael J. DeRosa
Keyword(s):  
Adult Female ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Peromyscus Leucopus ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Control Grid ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Breeding Seasons ◽  
And Control

A population of Peromyscus leucopus (white-footed mouse) in northeastern Massachusetts was manipulated for 3 years to determine the effects of adults on survival and recruitment. Two experimental grids were established, from which either all adult males or all adult females were removed continually. The effects of these two manipulations were compared with demography on a control grid. Manipulations had no apparent effect on breeding intensity of young, survival rates of adults, or residency rates of adults and young. Recruitment of adult males was higher on the adult male removal grid than on the control grid. Recruitment rates of adult males and of young males and young females were lower on the adult female removal grid than on the control grid. Survival rates of young males were higher on the adult female removal grid than on the control grid; this effect may have been due to either reduced adult female residency or adult male recruitment. All differences between experimental and control grids were noted only during breeding seasons. Adult males apparently limited recruitment of adult consexuals. The effects of manipulations on other measured parameters were inconclusive because of high immigration rates of adult males onto the adult male removal grid and reduced recruitment of adult males and decreased production of young on the adult female removal grid.

scholarly journals Low-frequency arterial pressure fluctuations do not reflect sympathetic outflow: gender and age differences

1998 ◽  
Vol 274 (4) ◽  
pp. H1194-H1201 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Andrew Taylor ◽  
Todd D. Williams ◽  
Douglas R. Seals ◽  
Kevin P. Davy
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Sympathetic Outflow ◽  
Pressure Oscillations ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
Mayer Wave ◽  
Older Males

Low-frequency arterial pressure oscillations (Mayer waves) have been proposed as an index of vascular sympathetic outflow. However, cross-sectional differences in these pressure oscillations may not reflect different levels of sympathetic nervous outflow in humans. Three groups of healthy subjects with characteristically different sympathetic nervous outflow were studied: young females ( n = 10, 18–28 yr), young males ( n = 11, 18–29 yr), and older males ( n = 13, 60–72 yr). Average R-R interval, arterial pressures, and systolic pressure variability at the Mayer wave frequency (0.05–0.15 Hz) did not differ among the three groups. Diastolic pressure Mayer wave variability was similar in young females vs. young males (39 ± 10 vs. 34 ± 5 mmHg2) and lower in older males vs. young males (14 ± 2 mmHg2; P < 0.05). In contrast, muscle sympathetic activity was lowest in young females (892 ± 249 total activity/min) and highest in older males (3,616 ± 528 total activity/min; both P < 0.05 vs. young males: 2,505 ± 285 total activity/min). Across the three groups, arterial pressure Mayer wave variability did not correlate with any index of sympathetic activity. Our results demonstrate that arterial pressure Mayer wave amplitude is not a surrogate measure of vascular sympathetic outflow.

Copulation and Associated Behaviour in The Quokka, Setonix brachyurus.

1999 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
I.G. McLean ◽  
N.T. Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Copulatory Behaviour

While preparing a review of published descriptions of copulatory behaviour in macropod marsupials (McLean, Lundie-Smith and Jarman 1993), we were surprised to find no description for one of the most studied species, the quokka (Setonix brachyurus, e.g. see Bradshaw 1983). Copulating quokkas have been seen previously by researchers (e.g. Kitchener 1970), but no account was given. Here we provide descriptions of copulatory behaviour in quokkas, and comment on levels of sexual behaviour and activity by quokkas in the wild and in captivity.

Gender differences on the effects of aging on cardiac and peripheral adrenergic stimulation in old conscious monkeys

2003 ◽  
Vol 285 (2) ◽  
pp. H527-H534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gen Takagi ◽  
Kuniya Asai ◽  
Stephen F. Vatner ◽  
Raymond K. Kudej ◽  
Franco Rossi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Resistance ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Dynamic Responses ◽  
Adrenergic Stimulation ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Cardiac Contractile ◽  
Effects Of Aging

We examined the effects of gender and aging on cardiac and peripheral hemodynamic responses to β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) stimulation in young (male = 5.9 ± 0.4 yr old and female = 6.5 ± 0.7 yr old) and old (male = 19.8 ± 0.7 yr old and female = 21.2 ± 0.2 yr old) conscious monkeys ( Macaca fascicularis), chronically instrumented for measurements of left ventricular (LV) and arterial pressures as well as cardiac output. Baseline LV pressure, the first derivative of LV pressure (LV dP/d t), cardiac index, mean arterial pressure, total peripheral resistance (TPR), and heart rate in conscious monkeys were not different among the four groups. Increases in LV dP/d t in response to 0.1 μg/kg isoproterenol (Iso) were diminished ( P < 0.05) in old males (+99 ± 11%) compared with young males (+194 ± 18%). In addition, the inotropic responses to norepinephrine (NE) and forskolin (FSK) were significantly depressed ( P < 0.05) in old males. Iso-induced reductions of TPR were less ( P < 0.05) in old males (–28 ± 2%) than in young males (–49 ± 2%). The changes of TPR in response to NE and FSK were also significantly attenuated ( P < 0.05) in old males. However, the LV dP/d t responses to BAY y 5959 (15 μg · kg–1 · min–1), a Ca2+ channel promotor independent of β-AR signaling, were not significantly different between old and young males. In contrast to results in male monkeys, LV dP/d t and TPR responses to Iso, NE, and FSK in old females were similar to those observed in young females. Thus both cardiac contractile and peripheral vascular dynamic responses to β-AR stimulation are preserved in old female but not old male monkeys. This may explain, in part, the reduced cardiovascular risk in the older female population.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Clinical, Angiographic and Procedural Profiles between Young Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-120
Author(s):  
Fathima Aaysha Cader ◽  
Afzalur Rahman ◽  
Mohammad Ullah ◽  
Mohammad Arifur Rahman ◽  
Md Sarwar Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary

Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is increasingly prevalent among young patients, particularly in South Asia, where young patients are known to present with multiple risk factors and gender-based differences in angiographic profiles. This study aimed to compare gender differences in clinical, angiographic and procedural profiles between young patients with ACS undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods: This prospective observational study was done at the National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD) from April 2016 to March 2017. 190 young patients with ACS undergoing PCI were included. Clinical, angiographic and procedural variables were compared and statistically analyzed.Results: The mean age of young females and males was 43.8±6.9 years and 40.1±4.3 years respectively (p<<0.001). Young women had significantly more risk factors of hypertension (62.1% vs 33.7%, p<0.001) and diabetes (57.9% vs 31.6%, p<0.001) in comparison to young men. Smoking was significantly greater among young males (70.5% vs 0%, p<0.001). Young females had significantly better mean ejection fraction (EF) (48.4±9.3% vs 45.1±10.4%, p=0. 02). Left main coronary artery (3.2% vs. 1.1%, p=0.61) and left anterior descending artery (51.6% vs. 45.3%, p=0.38) were more frequently involved among young females. Young males showed angiographically more severe CAD and greater frequency of multivessel CAD with higher DVD (22.1%vs 18.9%, p=0.58) and TVD (18.9%vs 11.6%, p=0.15).Conclusion: Significantly more young women with ACS presented with hypertension and diabetes than young males. However, they had better ejection fraction and less severe angiographic profiles.Cardiovasc. j. 2018; 10(2): 113-120

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document