scholarly journals NEW ANTAGONISMS IN ECUADORIAN POLITICS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Vorotnikova
Keyword(s):  
State Institutions ◽  
Political Controversy ◽  
Political Project ◽  
The Government

The article considers certain results of the left political project “Citizens’ Revolution” developed in Ecuador at the beginning of the XXI century. It argues that in the framework of socially oriented reformism and strengthening of state institutions, an increase in political controversy and a surge in public discontent revealed the presence of multidirectional contradictions. Among them ideological confrontation, confl ict between the government and society, internal party diff erences and clash of identities are reviewed.

"A FESTIVAL OF BRIGANDS": IN SEARCH OF DEMOCRACY AND POLITICAL LEGITIMACY IN MALI

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Whitehouse
Keyword(s):  
Political Legitimacy ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Democratic Transitions ◽  
Weak State ◽  
Coup D'etat ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
System A ◽  
The Government ◽  
Systemic Corruption ◽  
Made In

Mali's coup d'état in March 2012 and the subsequent occupation of northern Mali by Islamist and separatist rebels took many observers by surprise. How could an erstwhile model of peaceful democratic transition collapse so swiftly? Why did so few ordinary Malians stand up in defence of their 20-year-old democracy? Combining accounts from Malian and foreign journalists with observations made in Bamako leading up to and during the dramatic events of early 2012, this article assesses the failures of Mali's pre-coup political system. A combination of the tenuous rule of law, weak state institutions, and perceptions of systemic corruption deeply eroded Malians' faith in their democracy. The junta that ousted Mali's elected president in March 2012, despite its international isolation, skillfully manipulated public frustrations with the government as well as local symbols and discourses pertaining to heroic leaders to gain support and legitimacy at home. The crisis in Mali was preceded by certain warning signs, some of which might be applied to gauge the health of democratic transitions elsewhere in Africa.

“BULYGINSKAYA DUMA”. AGENCY WITHOUT POWER OR POWER OF AGENCY?

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-42
Author(s):  
Sergey S. Novoselskii ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Government Policy ◽  
Electoral System ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Public Figures ◽  
State Administration ◽  
Intellectual Context ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Russian Empire

The article considers the attitude of representatives of the top bureaucracy to the draft of the State Duma, developed by a Special Council chaired by the Minister of the Interior A.G. Bulygin in 1905. Particular attention is paid to the high officials assessments of the dignitaries of the place and role of the Duma in the system of state administration of the Russian Empire, the arguments that officials cited in favor of its convocation. It analyzes intellectual context of the emergence of the “bulyginskaya duma” (“Bulygin Duma”) project is analyzed, which largely determined the breadth of the actual, not declared powers of the people’s agency. The research is based on unpublished documents from the funds of state institutions, as well as materials from the personal funds of officials and public figures. The article shows that, despite the legislative nature of the Duma, it had to have significant powers. The electoral system, which was proposed and defended by the high officials, was originally modeled in such a way as to avoid the triumph of the estates principle. The monarch’s open opposition to the people’s agency was considered a politically short-sighted move, which indicated a limitation of his power. The results of the study allow considering the government policy in 1905 not as an untimely response to public demands, but as a conscious strategy for systemic political reforms.

scholarly journals Return of Corruption Assets toward Criminal Actions of Office Abuse

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 2114-2120
Author(s):  
Rahmayanti Rahmayanti
Keyword(s):  
Political Development ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Public Official ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Data Source ◽  
The Government ◽  
Important Position ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Right

Corruption is a serious problem because it can endanger the stability and security of society, destroy democratic values and morality, and endanger economic, socio-political development, and create massive poverty so that it needs attention from the government and society and social institutions. The purpose of this study is to determine and analyze the sanctions arrangements for corruption in the abuse of office and the return of assets resulting from corruption against criminal acts of abuse of office based on Law Number 31 of 1999 in conjunction with Law Number 20 of 2001 concerning Corruption Eradication. The research that was conducted was juridical normative, the data source used to support this research was secondary data sources. The return of assets from corruption has occupied an important position in eradicating corruption. a criminal act of corruption is an act directly related to the authority (bevoegheid), the right to rule or act as the power of a public official to comply with the rule of law in the scope of carrying out public obligations. The return of assets is based on the principles of social justice which gives the ability, duty and responsibility to state institutions and legal institutions to provide protection and opportunities for individuals in society to achieve prosperity, so that this is in line with the objectives of the State as specified in UUD 1945. 

scholarly journals English teaching in distant education policy development: Ukrainian aspect

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S2) ◽  
pp. 121-136
Author(s):  
Nataliia V. Paziura ◽  
Oksana B. Kodalashvili ◽  
Oleksandra S. Bozhok ◽  
Viktoriia L. Romaniuk ◽  
Valentyn H. Zlatnikov
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Present State ◽  
Information Society ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Creative Potential ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Modern Information ◽  
The Government

The problem of distance learning in practice arose in Ukraine over the last period, when quarantine measures were introduced due to the spread of COVID-19. After the announcement by the government and the relevant state institutions of compulsory distance learning, teachers faced real problems in the implementation of this form of education, which require urgent consideration and resolution. And although distance learning has become an integral part of the daily life of most students during quarantine, it does not meet the requirements of the modern information society. These facts explain the relevance of this study. The purpose of this paper is to analyse and generalise the present state of distance learning in Ukraine in general and in terms of language study, including English. The present state of distance learning in Ukraine and the prospects for its development are determined using theoretical analysis, synthesis, comparison, individualisation and generalisation. Distance learning can be a powerful tool for everyone who wants to learn foreign languages and an effective means of expanding the creative potential of students. 

scholarly journals The Russian Political Elite in the Context of Modern Political Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
M.Yu. Martynova ◽  
◽  
D.M. Feoktistova ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
Public Discussion ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Political Decision Making

the author analyzes the problems of the activity and development of the political elite. The current political situation in Russia puts forward new requirements for the functioning of the management system of state institutions and determines the need for professionally trained, highly moral personnel of the modern political elite. The paper considers the possibility of introducing modern and progressive mechanisms of interaction between the government and society – crowdsourcing, which involves the wide involvement of citizens with an active civic position and public associations in the process of public discussion and political decision-making.

scholarly journals ANALISIS USABILITY SITUS WEB PUSAT DOKUMENTASI SASTRA HB JASSIN USABILITY ANALYSIS OF HB JASSIN LITERATURE DOCUMENTATION CENTER WEBSITE

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Robert Mugabe ◽  
R. Drajatno Widi Utomo ◽  
Elda Franzia Jasjfi
Keyword(s):  
State Institutions ◽  
Usability Analysis ◽  
The Government

<p><strong><em>A</em></strong><strong><em>bstract</em></strong></p><p> </p><p><em>Digitalizatio</em><em>n is an effort to save the text from being destroyed due to hostile climate and humidity. Therefore, observers, enthusiasts, researchers and script owners as well as the government must unite to build synergies in saving and maintaining the script. Thus, the digitalization program which is currently being promoted by various parties or agencies can truly save the nation's intellectual treasure contained in the text. At least, HB Jassin's Literary Documentation Center can take the lead in digitizing theater scripts. With the involvement of the textbook community and official state institutions, it is hoped that there will be some kind of website that takes into account its use as a form of digitization as a form of sustainable national preservation of theater scripts.</em></p><p><strong>Ke</strong><strong>ywords: </strong><em>digitalization</em><em>, teather manuscripts, Center for Literary Documentation of HB Jassin, usability.</em></p><p> </p><h1> </h1><h1>Abstrak</h1><p>Digitalisasi merupakan sebuah upaya penyelamatan naskah dari kemusnahan akibat iklim dan kelembaban udara yang tidak bersahabat. Oleh karena itu, para pemerhati, peminat, peneliti, dan pemilik naskah serta pemerintah harus bersatu padu untuk membangun sinergi dalam hal penyelamatan dan pemeliharaan naskah. Dengan demikian, program digitalisasi yang kini sedang digalakkan oleh berbagai pihak atau instansi benar-benar dapat menyelamatkan khazanah intelektual bangsa yang terkandung di dalam naskah. Setidaknya, Pusat Dokumentasi Sastra HB Jassin dapat tampil sebagai garda depan dalam urusan digitalisasi naskah teater. Dengan pelibatan komunitas pernaskahan dan lembaga resmi negara, diharapkan adanya semacam situs web yang memerhatikan usability sebagai bentuk digitalisasi sebagai wujud penyelamatan naskah teater secara nasional yang berkesinambungan.</p><strong>Kata kunci</strong>: digitalisasi, naskah teater, Pusat Dokumentasi Sastra HB Jassin<em>, usability.</em>

scholarly journals Hope and trust in times of Zika: the views of caregivers and healthcare workers at the forefront of the epidemic in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 953-961
Author(s):  
Clarissa Simas ◽  
Loveday Penn-Kekana ◽  
Hannah Kuper ◽  
Tereza Maciel Lyra ◽  
Maria Elisabeth Lopes Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
International Health ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Congenital Zika Syndrome ◽  
The Government ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Health Agenda

Abstract This article investigates how hope and trust played out for two groups at the forefront of the Zika epidemic: caregivers of children with congenital Zika syndrome and healthcare workers. We conducted 76 in-depth interviews with members of both groups to examine hope and trust in clinical settings, as well as trust in public institutions, in the health system and in the government of Brazil. During and after the Zika epidemic, hope and trust were important to manage uncertainty and risk, given the lack of scientific evidence about the neurological consequences of Zika virus infection. The capacity of healthcare workers and caregivers to trust and to co-create hope seems to have allowed relationships to develop that cushioned social impacts, reinforced adherence to therapeutics and enabled information flow. Hope facilitated parents to trust healthcare workers and interventions. Hope and trust appeared to be central in the establishment of support networks for caregivers. At the same time, mistrust in the government and state institutions may have allowed rumours and alternative explanations about Zika to spread. It may also have strengthened activism in mother’s associations, which seemed to have both positive and negative implications for healthcare service delivery. The findings also point to distrust in international health actors and global health agenda, which can impact community engagement in future outbreak responses in Brazil and other countries in Latin America.

Were Women and Young People the Heart of the Pinochet Regime? Rise and Decline of the Secretariats

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-583
Author(s):  
Verónica Valdivia Ortiz de Zárate
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Southern Cone ◽  
Military Regime ◽  
The Political ◽  
Complete Understanding ◽  
Political Role ◽  
Political Evolution ◽  
Political Project ◽  
The Government

Abstract This article focuses on the political role of the Secretariats of Women and Youth, which were created by Augusto Pinochet’s military regime, in an effort to unearth their underlying rationale. It departs from previous interpretations of these organizations that privilege the influence of foreign models in their formation, highlighting instead factors internal to Chile and seeking a more complete understanding of the dictatorship’s actions in regard to the secretariats. This analysis portrays the Chilean secretariats as different from their counterparts in other Southern Cone dictatorships. The trajectories of the secretariats followed the Chilean regime’s political evolution, as they served different goals and strategies and changed course as the government developed a more clearly defined political project, along with policies to carry such a project out.

Social Concertation in Democratic and Market Transitions

1997 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
OMAR G. ENCARNACIÓN
Keyword(s):  
Labor Movement ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Economic Liberalization ◽  
Organized Labor ◽  
Social Democratic ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
Institutional Legacies ◽  
Market Transitions

This essay employs a state-structuralist approach to explain the emergence of social concertation as a policy mechanism to facilitate democratization and economic liberalization in post-Franco Spain. Concertation emphasizes the institutionalization of consultation and cooperation on macroeconomic policy involving peak representation from the state, employers' associations, and the organized labor movement. The author demonstrates how state structures and institutional legacies played the critical role in fashioning a favorable strategic environment for the adoption of concertation during the restoration and consolidation of democracy in Spain. In doing so, this research departs from conventional approaches to the study of the making of concertation that emphasize either the strength of the bargaining agents from capital and labor or the social democratic composition of the government. Moreover, it reveals a significant role for state institutions in charting a successful path to democracy and the market economy.

2. American Retrospect

1886 ◽  
Vol 32 (138) ◽  
pp. 265-274
Author(s):  
D. Hack Tuke
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Great Satisfaction ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Personal Liberty ◽  
The Government ◽  
Extension Of State ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Open Wards ◽  
Cost Of Construction ◽  
General Adoption

Among the papers read at this Conference eight are by experts in the Psychological Department of Medicine, and occupy more than 60 pages. Dr. Chapin, the Superintendent of the Penn. Hospital, Philadelphia, presents a report of the Committee on the Provision for the insane, in which it is stated that of the 92,000 insane persons in the United States 43,000 are not in asylums. Of Boards of State Charities it is held that their powers in respect to asylums should be limited to the examination and report of their condition and the investigation of abuses. The policy of committing the responsibility of administration to such Boards is not wise. It is observed that whatever may be the objections to Local Boards entrusted with State Institutions, there are other largely compensating advantages in their favour. It is added that “Boards of State Charities” may exercise a wholesome oversight and supervision, observe the best methods, and urge their general adoption. Great satisfaction is expressed at the wide departures that have been made from former plans of asylum construction, as at Willard; Middletown; the open wards of the Government Asylum, Washington; the asylum at Kankakee; the Bancroft wards at the Concord Asylum; the “Cottage by the Sea,” under the direction of the Friends' Asylum, Philadelphia; and the Mountain House connected with the Vermont Asylum. Such asylums as Kankakee have succeeded in showing that the cost of construction and the maintenance of patients may be considerably reduced, thus removing a great obstacle to the extension of State provision for the insane; while there has been an increase of personal liberty and a greater opportunity for the various occupations in which a community engages. Dr. Chapin makes this honourable acknowledgment:—“Candour compels us to acknowledge some of the results have been aided by fair and wholesome criticism, which has furnished moral support to bring about changes as well as incentment to devise ways for improvement. It is an unfortunate error to cultivate an opinion that any human work is perfect or cannot be improved.” He advocates for the accommodation of bed-ridden patients, feeble dements, and epileptics, large associated dormitories (like our Caterham and Leavesden), with an efficient staff of night attendants, or a total separate building one storey in height, comprising a day-room or ward, and a dormitory with a few adjoining single rooms. Of the patients at Willard, 10 per cent. were of the class suited for this arrangement.

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