scholarly journals PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF SOYBEAN OIL ON MICE LUNG TISSUE INJURY AND ALVEOLAR HEMORRHAGE INDUCED BY BISPHENOL A

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 1336-40
Author(s):  
Sadia Shaukat ◽  
Hina Kundi ◽  
Qazi Waheed Ullah ◽  
Nazish Waheed ◽  
Farah Deeba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Alveolar Hemorrhage ◽  
Tissue Weight ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Group 2

Objective: To evaluate histomorphological effects of Soybean oil supplementation on lung tissue injury and alveolar hemorrhage induced by Bisphenol A (BPA). Study Design: Laboratory-based experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Anatomy department, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi and National Institute of Health, Islamabad, from Nov 2015 to Nov 2016. Methodology: Forty (40) healthy BALB/c mice of 9-11 weeks of age, weighing between 30-37gm were housed in a controlled environment at National Institute of Health. Group 1 (10) was control group. Group 2 (10) was given a daily dose of 50 milligram/kilogram body weight of Bisphenol A and group 3 (10) was given a daily dose of 500 milligram of Soybean oil and group 4 (10) was concurrently given Bisphenol A and Soybean oil with daily doses of 50 milligram/kilogram body weight and 500 milligrams. After a period of 8 weeks, animals were dissected 24 hours after receiving the last dosage. Lung wet weight, animal weight and relative body tissue weight index (RTBWI) were calculated. Tissue processing & staining was done. Alveolar hemorrhage was histomorphologically and statistically analysed using SPSS-21. Results: On microscopic examination, alveolar hemorrhage (AH) was observed in 10 (100%) group 2 specimens with increase in RTBWI and whereas only 5 (50%) of group 4 specimens had alveolar hemorrhage with slight improvement in relative body tissue weight index (RTBWI). Conclusion: Bisphenol A (BPA) induced lung injury as evident by intraalveolar hemorrhage, blood vessel congestion and increased RTBWI ratio were ameliorated by concomitant administration of Soybean oil.

Defensive activity of Hesperidin against Ciprofloxacin induced hepatic injury in rabbits.

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hawraa M. Murad ◽  
Tamadhur Hani Hussein ◽  
Audai Sulaiman Khudhair ◽  
Manal Muhi Murad ◽  
Jawad Kadhim Faris
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Local Breed ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Defensive Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

This study was conducted to find out hepatoprotective activity of hesperidin (HES) 100mg/kg body weight (b.w.) against ciprofloxacin (CPX) 100 mg/kg induced hepatotoxicity in local breed rabbits .CPX is a broad spectrum antibiotic used for treatment of many bacterial infections. Twenty four male rabbits were divided into four groups ,group1: control, (1 ml/kg Saline orally) group 2: CPX (100 mg/kg orally) for (14) consecutive days , group 3: HES (100 mg//kg) orally for (14) consecutive days group 4: CPX (100 mg/kg orally) plus HES (100 mg//kg orally ) for (14) consecutive days. All the rabbits were killed on the (15) day of the experiment, and then the blood, and livers samples were taken. CPX induced hepatotoxicity was proved by a significant (p less than 0.01) reduction in the body weight ,and a significant (p less than 0.01) increased serum aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) , Malonaldehyde enzyme (MAD) and histopathological changes. Protective hepatic toxicity effect and oxidative damage caused by CPX significantly (p less than 0.01) increasing in body weight and significantly (p less than 0.01) decreasing AST , ALT, MAD and improving tissue morphology in HES (100 mg//kg) . These results assure that HES (100 mg//kg) antioxidant effects can protect CPX-induced hepatotoxicity in rabbits.

Analysis Of Heparin Monitoring

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
J A Caprini ◽  
S J Rabadi ◽  
J P Vagher ◽  
J Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Continuous Infusion ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Heparin Therapy ◽  
Bleeding Complications ◽  
Minor Bleeding ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Heparin Monitoring ◽  
Dose Change

Forty-six thrombosis patients were treated for a total of 437 days with continuous pump infusion heparin therapy. A bolus injection (50 units heparin/kg body weight) was followed by continuous infusion (14.2 units/kg/hour). The patients were randomized into 3 groups, daily coagulation profiles performed, and heparin dose adjusted by the following criteria: 1. no daily dose change unless indicated by clinical symptoms; 2. daily dose adjusted to yield an APTT 1.5 to 2X control; 3. daily dose adjusted to yield a negative TEG index.Group 2 received the most heparin, had the highest body weight, and greater incidence of minor bleeding ( + hemo- test urine and/or stool)(5 point drop in hematocrit).APTT values over 100 sec were seen in 44.4% of patients without bleeding and 52.5% with bleeding complications. Unmeasurable TEG graphs (SLT) were seen in 14.8% of patients without bleeding and 57.9% with bleeding. However, the combination of APTT over 100 sec and SLT were associated with 87.5% incidence of bleeding.The safety of continuous infusion heparin therapy is seen by the 2.2% incidence of major recurrent thrombosis and 2.2% major bleeding with or without laboratory monitoring. The combination of APTT and TEG was predictive of bleeding in 87.5% of cases. The TEG graph can be used to detect activated samples eliminating inconsistent APTT results.

Cardioprotective Role of Theobroma Cacao against Isoproterenol-Induced Acute Myocardial Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Atiang Beshel ◽  
Favour Nyoh Beshel ◽  
Justina Nwandimma Nwangwa ◽  
Idara Okon Asuquo ◽  
Clement Ikani Ejim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Myocardial Injury ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Acute Myocardial Injury ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group 2

Background: Antioxidants are beneficial in myocardial infarction (MI). It is suggestive that Theobroma cacao (TC) with rich antioxidant properties can be of health benefit in myocardial injury. Aim: The study investigated the effect of Theobroma cacao on cardioprotection in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarc-tion in rats. Material and methods: Male Wistar rats divided into four groups of 6 rats were used for the study. Group 1, the control was administered 0.9% normal saline placebo via oral gavage. Group 2 was the MI induced group administered 100mg/kg body weight isoproterenol subcutaneously twice at an interval of 24 hours. Group 3 was administered TC for 2 weeks at 100mg/kg body weight via oral route. Group 4 was pretreated with TC (100mg/kg) via oral route for 2 weeks, followed im-mediately with administration of 100mg/kg body weight isoproterenol subcutaneously twice at an interval of 24 hours. The rats were sacrificed using chloroform anesthesia, and blood samples collected via cardiac puncture. The serum was analyzed for troponin level, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) level. Results: The serum troponin, LDH, and MDA levels were significantly (p<0.01) increased in the MI group compared with the control. Pretreatment with TC before MI induction significantly (p<0.01) prevented increased serum troponin, LDH, and MDA levels when compared with the MI group. There was also a significant (p<0.01) decrease in MDA in the TC group compared with the control. Conclusion: These results suggest that Theobroma cacao protects against isoproterenol induced myocardial injury, possibly by preventing oxidative stress and consequent lipid peroxidation.

Histological Effects of Cotton seed Oil on Ovaries and RTWI among Female Albino Rats: RCT

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2627-2628
Author(s):  
Munazza Zahir ◽  
Ghazazfar Ali Khan ◽  
Summera Aslam ◽  
Arva Sarosh ◽  
Muhammad Shahzad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cottonseed Oil ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Female Rat ◽  
Trial Methodology ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Tissue Weight ◽  
Global Health Issue ◽  
Group 2

Background: Concerns over the rising infertility rate among humans is now becoming a global health issue. Aim: To observe the histological changes in ovaries while measuring relative tissue weight indices of all ovaries among different groups receiving cottonseed oil. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methodology: Twenty four adult female albino rats (12 weeks of age) were divided into 04 groups. Group-1 (Control) rats were given orally distilled water @ 400mg (equivalent to 400μl)/kg body weight per day. Group-2, Group-3 & Group-4 rats were given cottonseed oil (treatment groups) @ 400mg (equivalent to 432μl)/kg body weight per day, respectively, for a period of 30 days. Results: Cottonseed oil significantly reduced fertility in terms of follicles and ova in all treatment groups than control having non-significant differences among means of different groups. Conclusion: This study concluded that the crude cottonseed oil significantly affected female rat fertility in terms of reduced number of follicles and ova as shown histologically. However, it did not affect relative tissue weight indices among different groups. Hence, its use in edible products may result in increased women infertility. Keywords: Cottonseed Oil, Relative Tissue Weight Indices and Number of Follicles.

The protective effects of urapidil on lung tissue after intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deniz Ozturk ◽  
Derya Guzel Erdogan ◽  
Ayhan Tanyeli ◽  
Selim Çomaklı ◽  
Hüseyin Baylan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Intestinal Ischemia ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Sham Group ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Antioxidant Agents ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Intestinal Ischemia Reperfusion

Abstract Objective The effects of urapidil in intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) model were investigated using histopathological and biochemical methods. Materials and methods Forty Wistar albino rats were subjected to sham operation (Group 1), IR (Group 2), IR+dimethyl sulfoxide (Group 3), IR+urapidil 0.5 mg/kg (Group 4), and IR+urapidil 5 mg/kg (Group 5). Levels of MDA, TAS, TOS, SOD, MPO, NF-κB, caspase-3, and LC3B were measured. Results and discussion The groups 2 and 3 had significantly higher TOS and MPO levels than the sham group had (p < 0.001), whereas the TAS and SOD levels were significantly lower in Group 2 than in the sham group. In treatment groups, TAS and SOD levels increased, whereas TOS, MPO, and MDA levels decreased compared to Group 2. Caspase-3 and LC3B immunopositivities were seen at severe levels in Group 2 and 3. However, Group 4 and 5 were found to have lower levels of immunopositivity. Immunopositivity was observed in interstitial areas, peribronchial region, and bronchial epithelial cells. A moderate level of NF-κB immunopositivity was seen in Group 2 and 3. Conclusion Our results show that urapidil is one of the antioxidant agents and protects lung tissue from oxidant effects of intestinal IR injury.

scholarly journals Evaluation of chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effect of Artemisia vulgaris extract against diethylnitrosamine induced hepatocellular carcinogenesis in Balb C mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 484-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ali ◽  
M. Ejaz ◽  
K. K. Dar ◽  
S. Nasreen ◽  
N. Ashraf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Artemisia Vulgaris ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

Abstract The main objective of current study was to investigate the chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic activity of Artemisia vulgaris extract on diethylnitrosoamine induced hepatocarcinogenesis in Balb C mice. Diethylnitrosoamine (DEN: 0.9%) was prepared to induce hepatocarcinoma in Balb C mice. The extract Artemisia vulgaris (AV) was prepared by maceration technique. Mice were classified into four groups as follows: Group 1 a control group (N=7) received saline solution (3.5 μl/mg), group 2 (N=14) received diethylnitrosoamine (3.5 μl/mg) intraperitoneally once in a week for eight consecutive weeks, group 3 (N=7) received only plant extract (AV: 150 mg/kg (Body weight) once in a week, while group 4 (N=7) was given in combination of diethylnitrosoamine (3.5 μl/mg) and plant extract (AV: 150 mg/kg (body weight). After eight weeks of DEN administration, mice of group 2 were divided into two subgroups containing seven mice each; subgroup 1 was sacrificed while subgroup 2 was treated with plant extract only (150 mg/kg (body weight)) once in a week for eight consecutive weeks. The DEN injected mice significant decline in levels of albumin with concomitant significant elevations such as aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, alpha feto protein, gamma glutamyl transferase, 5 nucleotidase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and bilirubin. The administration of A. vulgaris significantly decreased the DEN induced hepatotoxicity. Present study revealed the potential anti-cancerous nature of Artemisia vulgaris, both in case of chemopreventive and post-treatment of A. vulgaris. Further studies are needed to explore the mechanism of prevention and therapy.

scholarly journals Comparative study of centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxants nitrazepam and thiocolchicoside in Albino mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 1182
Author(s):  
Suresh Babu Sayana ◽  
Yamuna Sampathirao ◽  
Baswaraj Munge ◽  
Sachidananda Moorthy ◽  
Kodandaramu Burli
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Muscle Relaxant ◽  
Myofascial Pain ◽  
Initial Therapy ◽  
Muscle Relaxants ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Speed Group ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2

Background: Skeletal muscle relaxants are a heterogeneous group of drugs. As a group, they are structurally and pharmacologically diverse. Skeletal muscle relaxants are usually used as adjunct therapy when initial therapy fails. They are commonly used to treat fibromyalgia, low back pain, neck pain, tension head ache, myofascial pain and muscle spasm.Methods: There were 28 mice were randomly divided into seven groups, each group consists of 4 mice. Group 1(Control): Mice were treated with normal saline and placed on rotating rod with a speed of 18 rpm (ideal speed). Group 2 (Standard-S1): Mice were treated with Nitrazepam at the dose of 2mg/kg body weight and placed on rotating rod. Group 3 (Standard-S2): Mice were treated with Nitrazepam at the dose of 3mg/kg body weight and placed on rotating rod. Group 4 (Standard-S3): Mice were treated with Nitrazepam at the dose of 4mg/kg body weight and placed on rotating rod. Group 5 (Test-T1): Mice were treated with Thiocolchicoside at the dose of 2mg/kg body weight and placed on rotating rod. Group 6 (Test-T2): Mice were treated with Thiocolchicoside at the dose of 3mg/kg body weight and placed on rotating rod. Group 7 (Test-T3): Mice were treated with Thiocolchicoside at the dose of 4mg/kg body weight and placed on rotating rod.Results: In this model inter drug comparisons were carried out with nitrazepam and thiocolchicoside. It was found that both nitrazepam and thiocolchicoside produced central muscle relaxant effect when assessed by rotarod. On iter drug comparision of nitrazepam and thiocolchicoside it was found that by increasing concentration of drug, increased the muscle relaxant property.Conclusions: When assessed by rotarod, it was found that both nitrazepam and thiocolchicoside demonstrated muscle relaxant property but with increased doses of thiocolchicoside produced more muscle relaxant property than the increase in doses of nitrazepam.

scholarly journals Influence of cadmium sulfate at different doses on the functional state of the liver of laying chicken

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (94) ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Y. Ostapyuk ◽  
B. V. Gutyj
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Functional State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cadmium Sulfate ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Destructive Processes ◽  
Different Doses

The article presents the results of studies on the influence of cadmium sulfate in different doses on the organism of poultry. Absorbed cadmium accumulates in the liver as a complex with metallothionein. The purpose of the work was to find out the effect of cadmium sulfate in doses of 2 and 4 mg / kg of body weight on the functional state of the liver of chicken. For research, three groups of birds were formed: control and two experimental. The control group of chickens were in the usual diet, they were fed with forage and were given water without introducing cadmium sulfate. To the drinking water of chickens of experimental groups for 30 days, added cadmium sulfate in doses: the first group – 2 mg/kg, the second group – 4 mg/kg body weight. The conditions for keeping chickens and the microclimate parameters in the room for all bird groups were similar. Blood from the chickens was taken from the subclavian vein in periods: before the dasg was given and on the first, seventh, fourteenth, twenty-first and thirtieth day of the experiment. It was determined that the presentation of cadmium sulfate in doses of 2 and 4 mg/kg of body weight of cows, which contributed to a violation of the functional state of the liver, as evidenced by the increased activity of aminotransferases in their blood serum. The activity of alanine and aspartate aminotransferase was higher in serum of blood of chickens in the second experimental group at 21st and 30th days of the experiment. The high activity of aminotransferases in the blood serum of chickens for cadmium loading indicates destructive processes in the liver that cause an increase in the release of aminotransaminases from cellular organelles in the blood of experimental poultry. Thus, the obtained results indicate an increase in destructive processes in the body of chickens for cadmium loading.

scholarly journals Preliminary Study on the Effect of Methanolic Extract of Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) Rind on Prednisolone Suppressed Immunity in Male Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Nyejirime Young Wike ◽  
Mobisson Samuel Kelechi ◽  
Godspower Onyeso ◽  
Okekem Amadi ◽  
Elizabeth Eepho Krukru
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Watermelon Rind ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

Citrullus lanatus thumb (Cucurbitaceae) commonly called watermelon is widely consumed in this part of the world as food and medicine. This study was carried out to examine the effect of methanolic extract of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) rind on prednisolone suppressed immunity in male wistar rats. A total of 20 male wistar rats weighing 150-294g were used in 4 groups with five rats each. Group 1, the control group was given distilled water and feed, Group 2 was given 200 mg/kg body weight of methanolic extract of watermelon rind, Group 3 rats were given 2.5 mg/kg body weight of prednisolone and Group 4 rats were given 2.5 mg/kg body weight of prednisolone and 200 mg/kg body weight of methanolic extract of watermelon rind. Prednisolone and the methanolic extract of watermelon rind were administered orally for a period of 30 days. Blood samples were collected by cardio puncture from the rats for white blood cell (WBC), lymphocyte, and granulocyte and monocyte counts at the end of the experiment.  The data were statistically analysed using one-way ANOVA (Analysis of variance). Data were considered significant at p<0.05. The results obtained showed that methanolic extract of watermelon rind caused a significant increasen in immune function of rats when compared with the control and immune suppressed rats.

scholarly journals Ivermectin Protects against Monosodium Glutamate-Induced Excitotoxicity in the Rat

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
Rotimi O. Arise ◽  
Abimbola K. Arise ◽  
Oluwole I. Oyewole ◽  
Sylvia O. Malomo
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Intracellular Ca ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Summary Monosodium glutamate (MSG), an established excitotoxic food additive, has been found to induce oxidative stress in all tissues. To examine the protective effects of ivermectin on MSG-induced excitotoxicity, 28 male albino rats were randomized into four groups. Group 1, the control, received 1 ml of oral distilled water, group 2 was administered an aqueous solution of MSG (4 mg/kg body weight/day). Group 3 was co-administered with the same dose of MSG and 0.4 mg/kg body weight of ivermectin, while group 4 rats received orally the same dose of MSG for 2 weeks, after which ivermectin was administered orally for 1 week. Administration of MSG orally for 21 days and for 14 days, followed by oral administration of ivermectin for 7 days, significantly increased (p < 0.05) glutathione-S-transferase, nitric oxide synthase, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities as well as malondialdehyde and intracellular Ca2+ concentrations while Na+ - K+ - ATPase, Ca2+ - Mg2+ - ATPase, acid phosphatase (ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) compared to the control. However, co-administration of MSG and ivermectin for 21 days did not show any significant difference (p > 0.05) in all the parameters studied compared to the control. This result suggests that ivermectin may protect against MSG-induced excitotoxicity in rats.

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