Histological Effects of Cotton seed Oil on Ovaries and RTWI among Female Albino Rats: RCT

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2627-2628
Author(s):  
Munazza Zahir ◽  
Ghazazfar Ali Khan ◽  
Summera Aslam ◽  
Arva Sarosh ◽  
Muhammad Shahzad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cottonseed Oil ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Female Rat ◽  
Trial Methodology ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Tissue Weight ◽  
Global Health Issue ◽  
Group 2

Background: Concerns over the rising infertility rate among humans is now becoming a global health issue. Aim: To observe the histological changes in ovaries while measuring relative tissue weight indices of all ovaries among different groups receiving cottonseed oil. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methodology: Twenty four adult female albino rats (12 weeks of age) were divided into 04 groups. Group-1 (Control) rats were given orally distilled water @ 400mg (equivalent to 400μl)/kg body weight per day. Group-2, Group-3 & Group-4 rats were given cottonseed oil (treatment groups) @ 400mg (equivalent to 432μl)/kg body weight per day, respectively, for a period of 30 days. Results: Cottonseed oil significantly reduced fertility in terms of follicles and ova in all treatment groups than control having non-significant differences among means of different groups. Conclusion: This study concluded that the crude cottonseed oil significantly affected female rat fertility in terms of reduced number of follicles and ova as shown histologically. However, it did not affect relative tissue weight indices among different groups. Hence, its use in edible products may result in increased women infertility. Keywords: Cottonseed Oil, Relative Tissue Weight Indices and Number of Follicles.

scholarly journals The Effect of Venom of Egyptian Spitting Cobra Naja nubiae on Vascular Permeability of Hepatic and Renal Tissues

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
Asmaa Saad Mahmoud Shokhba ◽  
Mohamed A. Abdel-Rahman ◽  
Mohammed Alaa El-Deen A. Omran ◽  
Nahla Soliman El-Shenawy
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vascular Permeability ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Colorimetric Determination ◽  
Crude Venom ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Renal Vascular

Background: Among venomous elapid snakes, cobras have the highest public awareness, as their venom represents a combination of proteins, peptides, and enzymes that have a range of biochemical and pharmacological roles and are also the main constitutes of biological activity and lethal toxicity. Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of the venom of Egyptian Spitting Cobra, Naja nubiae, on the vascular permeability based on the extravasation of the azo dye Evans blue (EB) into the tissues of the liver and kidneys of animals envenomed with low (¼ LD50; 0.32 mg/kg) and high (½ LD50; 0.65 mg/ kg) doses at three sampling times (30, 120, 360 min) post-injection of the venom. Methods: Fifty-four adult male Albino rats (8 weeks old and 180±2 0 g body weight) were divided into three main groups (n=6). In the control group, rats were subcutaneously (SC) injected with saline solution. Envenomed groups were SC injected, one group with 0.32 mg/kg and the other group with 0.65 mg/kg body weight of crude venom, respectively. Rats were I.V injected with EB dye 20 minutes before SC injection with saline solution as control animals and with Naja nubiae venom as treatment groups. Results: The results illustrated a high significant rate of EB extravasation to hepatic and renal tissues by the colorimetric determination of EB dye concentration. Conclusion: The venom of Naja nubiae can cause increased hepatic and renal vascular permeability which may explain the inflammatory effect induced by this venom.

scholarly journals Biochemical, Histopathological and Mutagenic Changes Following the Co-administration of Antihelminthic and Antimalarial Drugs in Wistar Rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
A. A. Obiajunwa ◽  
E. T. Idowu ◽  
O. A. Otubanjo
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Fatty Infiltration ◽  
Portal Tract ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Combination Treatments ◽  
Therapeutic Doses

Aim: To determine the effects of antimalaria and antheminthic drugs combination in the incidence of histopathological alteration and biochemical modulations in liver and kidney of albino rats. Place and Duration of Study: The study was undertaken at the Zoology Department University of Lagos Akoka Lagos Nigeria. Methodology: A total of twenty (25) Male adult albino rats of 13-15 weeks old were divided into 5 groups of 5 rats each and daily oral administration of human therapeutic doses of praziquantel (PZQ 50 mg/kg body weight) separate and in combination with ivermectin (IVM 0.4 mg/kg body weight), albendazole (ALB 15 mg/kg body weight) and Artemether-lumefanthrine (ACT 140 mg/kg body weight) was administered with the  group which serve as the control receiving 1ml distilled water. Toxic effects due to these treatments were investigated using histopathological, biochemical and mutagenic indices at day 8th and 15th of the study. Results: Biochemical assessment revealed significant reduction in AST, ALT, ALP and potassium in the treatment group compared to the control. Increase in the level calcium, Albumin and bicarbonate were also observed in treatment groups. Histopathological assessment of the liver showed a general incidence of focal inflammation along the portal tract area, but did not show any differential severity across treatment groups except for single PZQ treatment group which were characterized by fatty infiltration. A general occurrence of mesangial damage and glomerula injury was observed in kidney tissues. Renal lesions were more severe in single PZQ + IVM treatment groups while mild lesions characterized renal tissue from PZQ+ACT treatment groups. Mutagenic effects as indicated by the high incidence of sperm head abnormalities was recorded across combination treatments especially in PZQ+ IVR and PZQ+ ACT groups. Conclusion: Findings suggest that combination therapies are synergistic and could result in nephrotoxicity, antidiuretic effects, dehydration and mutagenicity at human therapeutic doses.

scholarly journals The Evaluation of the Body Weight Lowering Effects of Herbal Extract THI on Exercising Healthy Overweight Humans: A Randomized Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo Hyun Cho ◽  
Yoosik Yoon ◽  
Young Yang
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
The Body ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2

We investigated the effects of herbal extracts, a mixture of Scutellariae Radix and Platycodi Radix containing the active ingredients Baicalin and Saponin (target herbal ingredient (THI)), on lowering body weight. The present study was a prospective, randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled trial carried out at the outpatient department of a hospital over a period of 2 months. Group 1 patients (n=30) received THI, and group 2 patients (n=23) received placebo three times a day before meals. Weight, waist circumference, BMI, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and glucose were measured at baseline and again at the 2nd month. For safety evaluation, various hematological and biochemical parameters were assessed. Values of mean change of weight in the THI-treated group were−1.16±1.41 kg and in the placebo-treated group were−0.24±1.70 kg, respectively. The difference in mean change of weight in the THI-treated group compared with that in the placebo-treated group was statistically significant (P<0.05). The incidence of subjective and objective adverse drug reactions was insignificant (P>0.05). THI was statistically significant in its effectiveness on the weight loss.

scholarly journals Treatment outcomes of Class II malocclusion cases treated with miniscrew-anchored Forsus Fatigue Resistant Device: A randomized controlled trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 824-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama Eissa ◽  
Mahmoud El-Shennawy ◽  
Safaa Gaballah ◽  
Ghada El-Meehy ◽  
Tarek El Bialy
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Maxillary Incisor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mandibular Incisor ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Treatment Data ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Forsus Fatigue Resistant Device

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the skeletal, dental, and soft tissue effects of the Forsus Fatigue Resistant Device (FRD) used with miniscrew anchorage and compare them with those of the conventional Forsus FRD. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out on 38 patients. These patients were randomly allocated into three groups. The 14 patients in group 1 (aged 12.76 ± 1.0 years) were treated with the FRD appliance. In group 2, the 15 patients (aged 12.52 ± 1.12 years) received treatment with FRD using miniscrew anchorage, and the 9 patients in group 3 (aged 12.82 ± 0.9 years) received no treatment as a control group. Linear and angular measurements were made on lateral cephalograms before and immediately after Forsus treatment. Data were analyzed statistically using paired t-, ANOVA, and Tukey tests. Results: Class I molar relationship and overjet correction were achieved in both treatment groups. Although mandibular growth was statistically nonsignificant, there was a significant headgear effect on the maxilla. Mandibular incisor proclination, maxillary incisor retroclination, and distalization of maxillary molars were significant in both treatment groups. However, no significant differences were found between the treatment groups. Conclusions: Class II correction was mainly dentoalveolar in both treatment groups. Use of miniscrews with Forsus did not enhance mandibular forward growth nor prevent labial tipping of the mandibular incisors.

scholarly journals Ameliorative Effects of Ascorbic Acid and Allium sativum (Garlic) Ethanol Extract on Renal Parenchyma of Gentamicin-induced Nephropathic Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Dayo Rotimi Omotoso ◽  
Joy Motunrayo Olajumoke
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Renal Parenchyma ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Tissue Weight

To assess ameliorative effects of Ascorbic acid (AA) and Allium sativum ethanol extract (ASEE) on renal parenchyma of gentamicin-induced nephropathic rats. Thirty Wistar rats (weighing between 180-205 g) were randomly divided into five groups (A-E).  These include Group A administered with 0.9% Normal Saline (0.5 ml/kg body weight (b.w.)), Group B administered with gentamicin (GM, 200 mg/kg b.w.) intraperitoneally (i.p.), Group C administered with GM (200 mg/kg b.w.) i.p. and AA (200 mg/kg b.w.) orally, Group D administered with GM (200 mg/kg b.w.) i.p. and ASEE (200 mg/kg b.w.) orally and Group E administered with GM (200 mg/kg b.w.) i.p. and AA (200 mg/kg b.w.) orally and ASEE (200 mg/kg b.w.) orally. All administrations were done once daily for a period of ten (10) days. The body weight of study animals was recorded at the beginning and end of study period. After the study period, renal tissue of study animals was harvested, weighed, processed, stained using H & E technique. Stained sections were examined under microscope for histopathological changes within the renal parenchyma and were scored using image-J software. The results of this study showed that exposure to GM results into significant (P < 0.05) reduction in body and renal tissue weight. However, therapeutic exposure to AA and ASEE either as individual or combined treatment regimen culminated into relatively null body and renal tissue weight loss among treatment groups C-E. In addition, exposure to GM precipitates prominent histopathological changes within renal parenchyma of study animals.  As observed with body and renal tissue weight changes, treatment with AA and ASEE also comparatively ameliorate GM-induced nephropathy within renal parenchyma of study animals in treatment groups. The findings of this study therefore showed that AA and ASEE exhibit ameliorative effect on the renal parenchyma of gentamicin-induced nephropathic rats either as distinct or combined treatment regimen.

scholarly journals The effects of crude extract of Amaranthus hybridus (000059604) on reproductive parameters of the male Wistar rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 44-57
Author(s):  
M. O. Oyeyemi ◽  
V. B. Adedeji ◽  
A. M. Bankole
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Amaranthus Hybridus ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Studies on Amaranthus hybridus (AH) have established its antioxidant properties. This study investigated the effects of AH on some reproductive parameters of forty-five sexually matured Albino rats (Wistar Strain) males. Amaranthus hybridus has been reported to have several protective and curative properties attributed majorly to strong antioxidant activity. They were randomly grouped into 3 with each group consisting of 15 rats. Group A received (per Os) Amaranthus hybridus (50mg/kg body weight) and group B had Amaranthus hybridus (100mg/kg body weight for 7 days. Group C (control) received distilled water for 7 days. Blood and semen samples were collected for analyses on day 1,8,15 and 22 post-treatments. The results showed that the sperm motility of group B in day 1, (2.00± 2.00%) rat was significantly lower (p < 0.001) than that of group C (26.00 ± 7.97%), whereas it was greatly improved in Group B (85.00 ± 4.47%) and Group A (60.00 ±4.47%) at the day 22 posttreatment. Livability of sperm cells were significantly higher (p < 0.5 0) in Group A (96.20±0.73%) and Group B (96.20±0.73%) compared to Group C (96.80±1.64%) at day 22 post-treatment. The histology of the testis of control and all treatment groups revealed normal testicular germinal epithelium full of viable spermatogenic cells. It is, therefore, concluded that Amaranthus hybridus extract given orally at 50mg/kg and 100mg/kg body weight, did not affect the normal cytoarchitecture of the testis and epididymis and can increase sperm production.

scholarly journals Toxicological Effect of Biodiesel Emission Particles on Cellular System of Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Adeyemi, Olalekan ◽  
Adeyemi, Oyeyemi
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Cellular System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Toxicological Effect ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Petroleum Resources ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Study Laboratory ◽  
The Brain

Aim: This study investigates toxicological effect of biodiesel smokes on cellular system of albino rats. Study Design: Biodiesel was blended with fuel diesel at 100, 75, 50, and 25% v/v. Rats were exposed to each flame for 120 seconds daily over a period of ten days. Place and Duration of Study: Laboratory work was carried out in the Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Effurun, Nigeria. Methodology: Rats were grouped into six each containing six rats designated; Control group (no exposure), FD (exposed to smoke of fuel diesel), 100BD, 75BD, 50BD and 25BD exposed to 100, 75, 50 and 25% blend of biodiesel respectively. Afterwards, rats were sacrificed, liver, lungs and brain was isolated and homogenized. Serum was also separated. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), acid phosphatase (ACP), choline esterase (CEST) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were assayed for in the selected tissues. Results: ALP activity of liver of rats in Control group was significantly higher (p<.05) relative to rats in other treatment groups. Lungs ACP activity of rats in Control groups was 3 folds that of rats in FD group, 2 folds those of rats in 100BD, 75BD and 25BD groups. CEST activity in brain of rats in Control group was 3 folds that of FD group and two folds that of 50BD and 25BD group of rats. Conversely, serum CEST activity of rats in Control group was significantly lower (p<.05) relative to that of other treatment groups it is about 16% that of FD group in particular. Serum MDA level of Control rats was significantly lower (p<.05) relative to each of the other treatment groups. Conclusion: Biochemical evidence from this study indicated loss of membrane integrity, possible inflammation of cells of the brain, lungs, and liver.

Impact of Nigella Sativa on body weight, volume and weight of ovary in Letrozole Induced POS in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 2355-2357
Author(s):  
Noreen Anwar ◽  
Amer Nadeem ◽  
Kishwar Naheed ◽  
Shaista Arshad Jarral ◽  
Muhammad Saad Abdullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Water Displacement ◽  
Trial Methodology ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Group 1

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) influences almost 18% of women in their child bearing age and responsible for reproductive, metabolic and psychological dysfunctions. Aim: To examine remedial effect of Nigella sativa on body weight, weight, volume and gross appearance of ovary in polycystic ovarian syndrome induced by Letrozole in mice. Study Design: Randomized control trial. Methodology: Mature female BALB/c mice (n=40) were placed in four groups having ten in each. Group-1 was fed with normal diet. Rests of three were treated with Letrozole at dose of 1mg/kg body weight once daily for eight weeks. Groups (3&4) were also given Nigella sativa seeds powder and oil at dose of l0g/kg body weight and 4ml/kg body weight respectively, once daily commencing at 23 day and remained at end of eight weeks. Ovaries were identified, shape and color were recorded then weighed using a digital precision balance and volume in mm3 by water displacement method. Statistical analysis: Data analyzed by SPSS 21.0v. Results: Body weight of group-2 animals, weight and volume of their ovaries was increased in comparison to group-1 but reduced to group-3 and group-4 animals. Blackish spots on group-2 animal ovaries were observed. Ovaries of groups (3&4) animals were normal in appearance, volume and weight Conclusion: This study concluded that Nigella Sativa seeds in both solid and liquid state leave identical curative impact on body weight, weight, volume and gross appearance of ovaries in polycystic ovarian syndrome in mice. Keywords: Body Weight, Letrozole, Nigella Sativa, Ovaries and Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

scholarly journals Effect of Myristica Fragrans Extract on Lipid Profile, Glucose, Body Weight, Food Intake, Liver and Renal Functions in Experimental Obese Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 677-682
Author(s):  
Yakaiah Vangoori ◽  
Anusha Dakshinamoorthi ◽  
S. Kavimani
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cafeteria Diet ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Myristica Fragrans ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The effect of the ethanolic extract of Myristica fragrans was evaluated on cafeteria diet induced body weight, glucose and lipid elevations in albino rats. 30 rats were taken randomly and divided into five groups and six each. Group-1 normal control and Group 2-5 were give cafeteria diet for 6 weeks to induce obesity and treatment period was 10 weeks. After 70 days of treatment, the extract, at doses of 200 and 400mg/kg, significantly reduced the body weight, glucose and lipid levels (p < 0.001) dose dependently. The standard drug Orlistat at 50mg/kg effectively prevented the body weight, glucose and lipid levels when compared with control and test groups. With these observations and previous data, the study concludes that Myristica fragrans extract can stimulate AMP-Kinase enzyme system and can reduce glucose and lipid concentrations. This may be useful for obesity treatment.

scholarly journals Ivermectin Protects against Monosodium Glutamate-Induced Excitotoxicity in the Rat

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
Rotimi O. Arise ◽  
Abimbola K. Arise ◽  
Oluwole I. Oyewole ◽  
Sylvia O. Malomo
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Intracellular Ca ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Summary Monosodium glutamate (MSG), an established excitotoxic food additive, has been found to induce oxidative stress in all tissues. To examine the protective effects of ivermectin on MSG-induced excitotoxicity, 28 male albino rats were randomized into four groups. Group 1, the control, received 1 ml of oral distilled water, group 2 was administered an aqueous solution of MSG (4 mg/kg body weight/day). Group 3 was co-administered with the same dose of MSG and 0.4 mg/kg body weight of ivermectin, while group 4 rats received orally the same dose of MSG for 2 weeks, after which ivermectin was administered orally for 1 week. Administration of MSG orally for 21 days and for 14 days, followed by oral administration of ivermectin for 7 days, significantly increased (p < 0.05) glutathione-S-transferase, nitric oxide synthase, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities as well as malondialdehyde and intracellular Ca2+ concentrations while Na+ - K+ - ATPase, Ca2+ - Mg2+ - ATPase, acid phosphatase (ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) compared to the control. However, co-administration of MSG and ivermectin for 21 days did not show any significant difference (p > 0.05) in all the parameters studied compared to the control. This result suggests that ivermectin may protect against MSG-induced excitotoxicity in rats.

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