scholarly journals SCHOOL DROPOUT IN VASLUI COUNTY – CAUSES, RISK SITUATIONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-23
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
School Dropout ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
The European Union ◽  
School Students ◽  
Essential Questions ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Work Abroad

Our country is facing serious problems related to school dropout and social exclusion, especially in rural areas. In some Romanian counties, these aspects have reached a worrying level, being necessary to take urgent measures, carry out useful activities and develop an action plan for social and educational integration. Vaslui is a disadvantaged county mainly in rural areas, where school dropout, difficulty in accessing education and social exclusion are alarming, being a case of extreme poverty, in last place in the European Union. What are the determining causes of this reality and the risk situations faced by people in this county? are essential questions of this research. Poverty, lack of jobs and ensuring a decent family living determine massive departures to work abroad, which negatively influences the education of children, who do not attend mandatory courses to complete eight grades. Due to real causes, these children are guided towards other existential priorities that contribute to dropping out of school for household activities, marriage at the age of 13-14, going abroad to their parents, etc. This ascertaining research was carried out over 6 months and used documentation, survey (conversation), statistical and mathematical and graphical methods. The research included a significant number of middle-school students (grades 5-8) from urban and rural areas in Vaslui County. The research highlights the reality of school dropout in a poor area of our country, delimiting its causes and risk situations in order to find out viable solutions to reduce in the future this extremely important social phenomenon.

scholarly journals Gymnastics – an atraction for students at risk of school dropout to participate in extracurricular activities

2020 ◽  
pp. 156-166
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Middle School Students ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Extracurricular Activities ◽  
School Dropout ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
School Students ◽  
Specific Content ◽  
Important Means

Lately, gymnastics has become one of the branches of sport most frequently used in various human activities focusing on health and social integration. Nowadays, when we have so many opportunities for leisure, participating in gymnastics activities represents a real challenge for different population categories (children, youngsters, elders). The present study looks at the problematic of possible influences of Aerobic Gymnastics on the motivation and attachment of middle-school students to classes that approach this subject matter. We are mainly interested in the participation of students who are dealing with social exclusion and a high risk of school dropout from the perspective of their freedom of choice and desire to learn and practise the specific content together with the rest of the group. Studying the literature and official documents represents the main method used for conducting the research. Other methods: pedagogical observation, conversation and primary statistics. The analysed group was composed of middle-school students from School no. 162 in Bucharest. All members of the group are facing social exclusion and a high risk of dropping out of school and are participants in the extracurricular activities involving Aerobic Gymnastics organized within the school. The results of the study support the idea according to which the steps of Aerobic Gymnastics, the music and practising together with the others can represent an important means of action to increase the level of motivation, enjoyment and desire related to participation in these specific types of activities.

scholarly journals Frequency of consumption of fruits, vegetables and soft drinks: a comparative study among adolescents in urban and rural areas

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iza Cristina de Vasconcelos Martins Xavier ◽  
Carla Menêses Hardman ◽  
Maria Laura Siqueira de Souza Andrade ◽  
Mauro Virgilio Gomes de Barros
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Fruit Juices ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Objective: To compare the frequency of consumption of fruits, vegetables and soft drinks among adolescents living in urban and rural areas of Pernambuco State. Methods: A cross-sectional study based on secondary analysis of data from a representative sample of high school students in Pernambuco (n = 4,207, 14 - 19 years) was conducted. Data were collected through a previously validated questionnaire. Adolescents who reported a daily consumption of soft drinks and occasional consumption of fruits, juices and vegetables were classified as exposed to inadequate standard of consumption of these foods. The independent variable was the place of residence (urban/rural). Data were analyzed by frequency distribution, χ2 test and binary logistic regression. Results: It was observed that students residing in rural areas had a higher prevalence of occasional consumption of natural fruit juices (37.6%; 95%CI 36.1 - 39.0) than those living in urban areas (32.1%; 95%CI 30.7 - 33.6). The proportion of students exposed to daily consumption of soft drinks was higher among those who reported they lived in urban areas (65.0%; 95%CI 63.5 - 66.4) compared to those who reported living in rural areas (55.3%; 95%CI 53.8 - 56.9). Conclusion: Adolescent students living in rural areas had a higher prevalence of low consumption of natural fruit juices while those residing in urban areas had a higher prevalence of daily consumption of soda drinks.

Back to school: From dropout to Second Chance Schools

2020 ◽  
pp. 147797142097972
Author(s):  
Pandelis Kiprianos ◽  
Ioannis Mpourgos
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Compulsory Education ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Student Dropout ◽  
School Year ◽  
Content Analysis Method ◽  
Second Chance

In this article, we explore the reasons why individuals who have dropped out of compulsory education in Greece return as adults to the educational system, particularly to Second Chance Schools. Second Chance Schools were planned and funded by the European Union two decades ago so that member states could offset the consequences of student dropout rates and counter social exclusion. In order to answer the question, during the school year 2018–1019, we carried out 23 semi-structured interviews with individuals who were attending Second Chance Schools in the prefecture of Eleia (Western Greece) or had graduated in previous years. The interviews were analysed using the Qualitative Content Analysis method. Four categories of reasons emerged from the analysis (instrumental reasons, inner needs, combined reasons and the influence of ‘significant others’) which reflect the varied ways of perceiving and utilizing Second Chance Schools. Although the majority of the participants belong to financially and socially impoverished strata, they do not face unemployment or marginalization. The use of the institution of Second Chance Schools in this particular area seems to be moving from reasons associated with social exclusion towards the fulfilment of other needs that were created by dropping out of compulsory education.

scholarly journals Similarities and Differences in the Temporal Variability of PM2.5 and AOD Between Urban and Rural Stations in Beijing

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Disong Fu ◽  
Zijue Song ◽  
Xiaoling Zhang ◽  
Yunfei Wu ◽  
Minzheng Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Urban Station ◽  
Quality Control Program ◽  
Local Standard ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Second Peak

Surface particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of <2.5 μm (PM2.5) and column-integrated aerosol optical depth (AOD) exhibits substantial diurnal, daily, and yearly variabilities that are regionally dependent. The diversity of these temporal variabilities in urban and rural areas may imply the inherent mechanisms. A novel time-series analysis tool developed by Facebook, Prophet, is used to investigate the holiday, seasonal, and inter-annual patterns of PM2.5 and AOD at a rural station (RU) and an urban station (UR) in Beijing. PM2.5 shows a coherent decreasing tendency at both stations during 2014–2018, consistent with the implementation of the air pollution action plan at the end of 2013. RU is characterized by similar seasonal variations of AOD and PM2.5, with the lowest values in winter and the highest in summer, which is opposite that at UR with maximum AOD, but minimum PM2.5 in summer and minimum AOD, but maximum PM2.5 in winter. During the National Day holiday (1–7 October), both AOD and PM2.5 holiday components regularly shift from negative to positive departures, and the turning point generally occurs on October 4. AODs at both stations steadily increase throughout the daytime, which is most striking in winter. A morning rush hour peak of PM2.5 (7:00–9:00 local standard time (LST)) and a second peak at night (23:00 LST) are observed at UR. PM2.5 at RU often reaches minima (maxima) at around 12:00 LST (19:00 LST), about four hours later (earlier) than UR. The ratio of PM2.5 to AOD (η) shows a decreasing tendency at both stations in the last four years, indicating a profound impact of the air quality control program. η at RU always begins to increase about 1–2 h earlier than that at UR during the daytime. Large spatial and temporal variations of η suggest that caution should be observed in the estimation of PM2.5 from AOD.

scholarly journals Pattern of Refractive Error in Primary School Children in Rupandehi District, Nepal

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salma K.C. Rai ◽  
Hari Bahadur Thapa ◽  
Nanda Gurung ◽  
Arjun Malla Bhari ◽  
Manoj K Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
School Students ◽  
Government School ◽  
The Government ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

INTRODUCTION: Refractive error remains one of the primary causes of visual impairment in children worldwide. This study describes pattern of refractive errors among primary school students in Rupandehi district, Nepal.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Records of 128 children with refractive error aged 5-15 years from both urban and rural areas in Nepal between January and March 2011 were examined for patterns in the distribution of refractive errors. SPSS statistical software was used to perform analysis.RESULTS: The commonest type of refractive errors among the children was astigmatism (47%) followed by myopia (26%) and hyperopia (19%). Children in the age group 11-15 years had higher number of eyes with refractive error as compared to their younger counterparts 5 years /or below 5 years (49% vs. 9%). 71% students were from schools located in rural areas. Among the children with refractive errors, only 44.5% students were wearing glasses. 57% of the students studying in private schools were wearing glasses but only 26.9% students from the government school were wearing glasses.CONCLUSION: A wide variation in the distribution of refractive errors between the geographic locations, gender basis, types of schools as well as between the different ethnic groups was observed.Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences Vol. 3, No. 1, 2015: 31-36

scholarly journals Fostering School Engagement in Children from Disadvantaged Communities

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-57
Author(s):  
Adrian Opre ◽  
◽  
Ramona Buzgar ◽  
Sebastian Pintea ◽  
Dana Opre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
School Engagement ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
School Dropout ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
School Students ◽  
Emotional Skills ◽  
Disadvantaged Communities ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Social And Emotional Skills ◽  
Solid Foundation

In the last two decades, most of the Romanian mitigate programs aimed at reducing school dropout, have often focused only on remedial activities. However, keeping students in school for as long as possible involves increasing their school engagement, and therefore developing dimensions that target social and emotional skills is strongly recommended. In the present study, 130 primary and secondary school students from disadvantaged backgrounds, participated for 8 months in remedial and personal development activities, whose medium-term goal is to reduce school dropout. Using scales from the BASC3 and ASEBA4 psychological test batteries, we were able to capture significant effects of the intervention in reducing emotional problems and increasing students' adaptability to school-specific tasks, even though the pandemic imposed several restrictions on activities. The collected data revealed two important outcomes. First, they confirmed the effectiveness of a complex, multilevel program, which can develop the socio-emotional abilities of children at risk of dropping out of school. Second, they help us to highlight several factors that can predict its effectiveness. We consider that these empirical data constitute a solid foundation based on which similar future programs can be designed and implemented.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors for bronchial asthma in an urban area of Puducherry: a cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 2249
Author(s):  
L. Anand Arokiaraj ◽  
T.R. Gobinaath
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Rural Students ◽  
Food Allergens ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Background: Food allergy is mostly IgE-mediated which is estimated to affect 6% to 8% children and 3% to 4% adults the clinical and social impact of which takes a hard toll in early childhood. The objective of this study is to study the magnitude of food allergy and differences in food allergens among the urban and rural school-going children.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 350 school going children, aged 5-10 years, attending to two private schools (n=192) and two government schools (n=158) in the urban and rural field practice areas respectively and data regarding food allergens was collected using a semi-structured proforma.Results: There was a significant higher (p<0.001) proportion of wheeze symptomatics among the urban (n=70, 44.3%) than the rural students (n=37, 19.3%). The students had higher allergies to Ice-cream (14.57%, n=51), prawn (11.14%, n=39), peanut (14.57%, n=51), garlic (14.57%, n=51), fish (11.14%, n=39) and milk (11.14%, n=39).Conclusions: There was a higher proportion of food allergy among the urban school students compared to the rural students. The food allergens also varied significantly in their influence on food allergy among the urban and rural areas.

scholarly journals Relationship between Socio Economic Status and Academic Achievement

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. M. S. Raju
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
School Students ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Remarkable Change ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

<div><p><em>The present study aimed at the relationship between the socio-Economic Status and Academic Achievement among secondary school students of Prakasam District of Andhra Pradesh, India. A number of investigations conducted so far in the field of Socio Economic Status (SES) indicated a significant relation between achievement and SES.  After independence the SES of secondary school students in both urban and rural areas have registered a remarkable change.  On account of phenomenal advancement in science and technology the conditions of the people have changed a lot.</em></p><p><em>The data were collected from 200 secondary school students by using the tools socio-economic status tool measures the dimensions of educational, economic, social, cultural and occupational determinants.  The academic achievement tool consists of the test items of mathematics, general science and social studies.  Later the data were analyzed with the statistical procedures like mean, standard deviations, critical ratios, Chi-square test and r-values.  The results were discussed according to the significant values.  Based on the results certain conclusions were drawn. Over all observation of the study some educational implications were given.</em></p></div>

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