scholarly journals Mobilising internally generated funds to finance development projects in Ghana’s Northern Region

2016 ◽  
pp. 147-160
Author(s):  
Felix Puopiel ◽  
Musah Chimsi
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Business Taxes ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Finance Development ◽  
Security Checkpoints

This paper assesses the effectiveness of Metropolitan, Municipal and District Assemblies (MMDAs) in Ghana’s Northern Region in mobilising internally generated funds (IGF) to finance development projects. The study gathered both primary and secondary data from three MMDAs: Tamale Metropolitan Assembly, Yendi Municipal Assembly and Saboba District Assembly. It employed a multi-stage sampling technique of questionnaires, interviews, focus groups and key informant interviews to collect data from respondents and obtain a snapshot of their situation in the 2013 fiscal year. It established that fines, property rates, licences, annual rates, investment income, permits, sales of tender documents, and business taxes were potential sources of revenue for the assemblies. Also, the study identified a range of strategies employed by assemblies to raise revenue: engagement of revenue collectors, use of a mobile revenue taskforce, registration of businesses, visits to markets and business centres, commission payments for revenue collectors, security checkpoints, incentivisation of revenue collectors, establishment of revenue collection points, and rotation of revenue collectors. Nevertheless, the study found that the MMDAs studied could not meet their IGF revenue targets for the 2013 fiscal year, with all three falling below 50%. This poor performance was attributed to: inadequate logistics to support effective IGF mobilisation; under-declaring of revenues; not enough revenue collectors; poor supervision and monitoring; poor compliance by ratepayers; corruption; political interference; inadequate knowledge and skills among revenue collectors; poor service delivery by the assemblies; ineffective collaboration; and lack of revenue data. 

scholarly journals Market chain analysis of smallholder coffee producers in debub ari district of south omo zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
Y Alemayehu
Keyword(s):  
Group Discussion ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Price Setting ◽  
Market Chain ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Chain Analysis ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
Marketing Chain ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This study mainly aimed at analyzing market chain analysis of coffee in the Debub Ari District. The descriptive and S-C-P model was used. Both primary and secondary data were collected from the study area. The multi-stage sampling technique employed for this study. A total of 194 coffee producer household heads have been randomly selected and interviewed with the help of pre-tested structured questionnaire. The focus group discussion and key informants interviews were conducted to supplement the formal data. The results of S-C-P model indicated that the four firms concentration ratio (CR4) result in the study area was found to be tight oligopolistic for both red and dry coffee which accounts 89.2 and 80.0%, respectively. About 72% of price setting was done by buyers, 27% negotiation and 1% by the producers. There are seven market channels, which have been identified in the study area. The computed marketing margin among different actors and channels indicated that the total gross marketing margin (TGMM) of coffee is high in channel I, II, III whereas the producers marketing margin (GMMp) was highest in channel VII. Therefore, the intervention is needed to improve coffee marketing chain through promoting cooperatives, infrastructural development and timely market information for efficient marketing system in the study area. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(2): 61-68, Dec 2021

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Rural Dwellers’ Involvement in Developmental Projects in Osun State

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-34
Author(s):  
Odeyemi Oladele Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Rural Dwellers

Rural development is the integrated approach to food production as well as physical, social and institutional infrastructural provisions with an ultimate goal of bringing about both quantitative and qualitative changes which result in improved living standard of the rural population. The study was conducted to investigate gender difference of rural dwellers’ involvement in rural development projects in Atakunmosa-west Local Government area of Osun State. It also described the demographic characteristics of the respondents, identified different rural developmental projects undergone by the respondents, showed the problems associated with their involvement and determined the men and women perceived benefits of their involvement. Data were collected with the aid of well-structured questionnaire and were administered to 60 males and 60 females in 6 communities. A multi stage random sampling technique was employed in the selection of respondents and data analysis was by the use of SPSS. Some of the findings revealed that men were well involved and women were poorly involved in development projects. Majority of respondents were Christians, were not youths and married. All the respondents encountered one problem or the other during their involvement in rural developmental projects and at the same time perceived many benefits from their involvement. It was recommended among others, that women should be encouraged to be actively involved in physical development activities by giving them adequate recognition and attention so that they can have that sense of belonging. Government and non-governmental organization should introduce more gender responsive projects to rural areas, in order to ensure active and equal involvement of both men and women.

scholarly journals Is Imported Cabbage a Better Choice than Local Egg Fruit for Salad Preparation: An Economic Analysis of Ekiti State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-263
Author(s):  
Abiola Matthew Oladipupo ◽  
Ibidapo Clement Adedayo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Foreign Products ◽  
Budget Analysis ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Sensory Parameters

The study deals with the possibility of reducing higher ratio of dependence on importation of food through the replacement of foreign products with locally produced and processed food products. In order to accomplish the objectives of the study, both primary and secondary data had been used. Accordingly, a multi-stage sampling technique was utilized to select the sample size. Descriptive and inferential statistics were eventually applied to the primary data collected. The results indicated undoubtedly that the locally produced and processed salad competed favourably and suitably with foreign salad products in terms of colour, odour, taste, and other sensory parameters evaluated accordingly. The orthodox budget analysis indicated that garden egg salad was more profitable than imported cabbage salad. The correlation outcome value of +1 indicated that local salad stands as a perfect substitute for foreign salad. Therefore, the phasing out of foreign salad so as to replace it with locally sourced salad is quite feasible. It had therefore been obviously and clearly established in this study that imported cabbage could be replaced with locally produced garden egg salad, thereby indicating that reducing the degree of dependence on food importation is absolutely viable.

scholarly journals The ‘Locals’ and Local Government Bureaucracy: Implication on the Attainment of Developmental Goals in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
Frederick Braimah ◽  
Andrew I OHWONA
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Method Of Calculation ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Government Bureaucracy ◽  
Traditional Institutions ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Traditional Structures ◽  
Depth Interviews

This study examined the effect of the exclusion of community representatives (locals), local traditional structures and values from the local government bureaucracy and its implication on attaining developmental goals in selected States in Nigeria. The study was situated within the ambits of the Weberian and Marxian bureaucratic theories to consider the subject matter and generate analysis. The study adopted the survey research design with a mixed-method approach to generate both primary and secondary data. Using the multi-stage sampling technique, a total number of nine electoral wards across the three states of Bayelsa, Edo and Rivers were covered. One thousand one hundred ninety (1,190) copies of a self-constructed questionnaire were administered in the study areas. The figure was arrived at with the use of the Taro Yamane method of calculation. Besides, in-depth interviews were conducted with key informants in the selected states. Quantitative data were analysed using the Spearman’s Rho Correlation Coefficient, while qualitative data were subjected to both thematic and descriptive methods of data analysis. It was found out that community participation and the inclusion of traditional structures and values in the local government bureaucracy could enhance the attainment of developmental goals at the local government levels. It was recommended that the National and State Houses of Assembly in Nigeria amend existing local government laws to restructure the local government bureaucracy to include community representatives at the local government bureaucracies with traditional institutions given specific roles.

scholarly journals Utilization of Rajiv Aarogyasri Health Scheme by rural policyholders of Chittoor district in Andhra Pradesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 3384
Author(s):  
Manjuram Mannuru
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Supportive Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
One Year

Background: Rajiv Aarogyasri has covered 86.53% of the families across the state. Majority of its people are living in rural areas. Hence, our study will explore gaps in accessibility of urban centric health services by rural policyholder’s under the scheme. To find out the current status of Aarogyasri coverage, awareness, utilization and experiences of rural policyholders in Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh during the year 2014-15.Methods: This is a cross-sectional quantitative study and a total of 200 households were surveyed by using multi-stage random sampling technique to obtain primary data, and for background & discussion secondary data was reviewed. SPSS software was used for data analysisResults: In the past one year, 6.77% of the families have received benefits under the scheme. Amongst the ones who have utilized RAS services, 2/3rd of the families were protected from catastrophic illnesses and the mean average of 91.70% of the total costs was covered by RAS. Another 19.21% of the families were in need of healthcare but did not utilize the services due to lack of RAS card, lack of awareness, non-listed therapies, procedural difficulty, non-availability of caretaker, loss of wage and low quality of services.Conclusions: Overall, 66.66% of the beneficiaries expressed their satisfaction, 16.66% opinionated fair while 16.66% were dissatisfied with the RAS services. Beneficiaries experienced shortage of supportive services in Government hospitals under the scheme. Further, IEC activities, alternatives for excluded conditions, strengthening of public facilities will improve the utilization of RAS and reduce the OOPE.

scholarly journals WATER ASSOCIATED DISEASES AMONGST CHILDREN in IDPs CAMPS AND THEIR RELATION TO FAMILY ECONOMICS STATUS: CASE STUDY OF ABUSCHOCK IDPs CAMP, NORTH DARFUR STATE, SUDAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 214-227
Author(s):  
Adam Ahmed Soliman ◽  
Badreldin Mohamed Ahmed Abdulrahman ◽  
Jamal Abdalla Ali ◽  
Afrah Ibrahim Abdelaziz
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Associated Diseases ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Multi Stage

This research discussed water-associated diseases amongst children in IDPs camps and their relation to family economic status in Abushock IDPs Camp, North Darfur State, Sudan. The main purpose of the research was to explore wither there exist a relationship between the family economic status and the rate of infection of its children with water transmitted diseases. Primary data were obtained from a total 140 of respondents who were selected using multi-stage sampling technique. Secondary data were obtained from published materials like journals, books and other relevant materials. Statistical packages for social sciences (SPSS) were used to display and interpret the data. The results revealed that water pollution in the study area is not related to the water sources, but due to the ways used to transport water, stored, and handling. Furthermore, there a declining in the rate of deaths among children related to water borne diseases due to wide spread medical services centers wither publically or privately owned, or owned by non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Chi-Square test showed that there exist a statistical significant relationship at 0.05 level between the economic status of the internally displaced family and the level of water-associated diseases prevalence among its children. It also shows that there exist a statistical significant relationship at 0.05 level between the economic status of the internally displaced family and its accessibility to potable water.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis of Zakat-Based Empowerment to Improve Mustahik's Welfare

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-250
Author(s):  
Rina Maulidia ◽  
Imam Mukhlis
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Estimation Technique ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Previous Condition ◽  
Index Estimation ◽  
Welfare Index

This study aims to analyze the performance of zakat in improving the welfare of mustahik through zakat-based empowerment programs. Mustahik's welfare can be measured in terms of material and spiritual conditions, level of human development, and level of independence of mustahik. This research is a quantitative study using a multi-stage weigh index estimation technique that functions to generate a zakat welfare index from each variable. The data used are primary and secondary data, primary data obtained from interviews, and distributing questionnaires to zakat recipients of Rumah Zakat in Malang. While the secondary data was obtained from the results of the literature study. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling to obtain data following the research objectives. The results of this study are, first, the results found that zakat can improve the material and spiritual conditions of mustahik. Based on the CIBEST model, it has been found that there is an increase in the welfare index of mustahik by 42.5%. Second, zakat-based empowerment increases the condition of the mustahik HDI by 3.1%, which means that zakat has not been able to have a major influence on the mustahik HDI. Third, the zakat-based empowerment program can increase the mustahik's level of independence by 16.8%. This index shows that mustahik already has a permanent job or business and saves after obtaining empowerment. Based on the research that has been done, it can be concluded that zakat-based empowerment can improve the welfare of mustahik. It is noted that the welfare of mustahik has increased by 21.6% from the previous condition.

scholarly journals Cabbage (Brassica oleracea) and cauliflower (Brassica oleracea) marketing in selected areas of Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-141
Author(s):  
MS Hoq ◽  
MA Matin ◽  
TMB Hossain ◽  
S Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Transportation Cost ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Barrier To Entry ◽  
Marketing Chain ◽  
Storage Facilities

The study was conducted in two districts Comilla and Jessore to examine the marketing chain, marketing cost, and margin, problems and some probable solutions for cabbage and cauliflower marketing. A total of 92 respondents consisting of 20 vegetable growers and 72 vegetables traders were selected as sample for the present study. A multi-stage simple random sampling technique was used for selection of samples. Both primary and secondary data were used for the study. About 60% farmers used van to carry the vegetables to the market. Average cauliflower marketing cost of farmer was higher than cabbage which was Tk.36.59 per quintal due to its special transportation arrangement. On the basis of the intermediaries, seven marketing chain were identified as a dominant. The chain Farmer?Local Traders (Faria) ? Bepari? Aratdar (urban) ?Retailer (urban) ?Consumer was identified as most dominant. About 39.60% product runs through this chain. In cauliflower marketing local traders, Bepari, retailer (urban) and retailer (rural) incurred the highest marketing cost than cabbage which were averaged Tk.65.75, Tk.248.47, Tk.205.69, and Tk.78.21, respectively, due to its perishable nature. In the case of farmers, local traders (Faria) and Bepari transportation cost is the highest. Commission charge was highest in the case of retailer (urban) and spoilage and damage cost was the highest for retailer(rural).The marketing cost was the highest for Bepari which were estimated Tk.212.74 for cabbage, Tk.219.87 for cauliflower and the marketing margin was highest for retailer (urban) which were estimated Tk.108.52 for cabbage and Tk.130.09 for cauliflower. Inadequate storage facilities and dominance of intermediaries were the major marketing problems identified by the farmers. Unstable price, barrier to entry in the terminal market, delays on ferryghat and spoilage and damage were the major marketing problem faced by the different intermediaries. The study suggested improving the storage facilities and establishment of organization to solve marketing problem of the farmers. Easy access of vegetables carrying vehicle in the terminal market, arrangement of separate cargo ferry would reduce the spoilage and damage of vegetables in the trader’s level. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v39i1.20163 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 39(1): 127-141, March 2014

scholarly journals Domestic space utilisation and gender identity among staff of Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-128
Author(s):  
Aderonke Ajayi ◽  
Jayeoba Babatunde ◽  
Ayodeji Ajayi
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Domestic Space ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
State University ◽  
Gender Identities ◽  
Housing Design ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
And Gender

Gender identities are expressions of masculine or feminine natures and interpreted within socio-cultural contexts. In this study, gender identities, domestic space utilisation and gender roles among staff of Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria were identified and analysed. With the aid of pre-tested questionnaires, primary data were collected using multi-stage sampling technique from 222 out of 675 staff members of Osun State University Osogbo. Secondary data were obtained from the Academic Planning Unit of the University and Osun State Ministry of Lands and Physical Planning. Descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage tables, cross tabulation, and Bem Androgyny Model were utilized for the analysis of data obtained. Findings on individual gender identities showed that 1.3% of the respondents were masculine, 36% were feminine while 62.7% of the respondents were androgynous. Majority of the males and females were androgynous however some males were feminine although no female was masculine. Remarkably, only 2.2% of the males were masculine. These findings further confirm that most individuals possess a combination of feminine and masculine traits known as androgyny, and that individuals? gender identities do not necessarily correspond with their biological sex. Results also showed that domestic space utilisation and domestic gender roles varied with individual gender identities rather than just gender (being male or female). The study concluded that gender identities are important to the concept of gender-integrated housing design. Therefore gender-responsive housing designed to equitably meet the needs of men and women should be encouraged.

An Evaluation of the Performance of Nigeria Agricultural Insurance Scheme in Kogi State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
S. J. Ibitoye ◽  
O. J. Saliu
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Insurance Scheme ◽  
Statistical Tools ◽  
Agricultural Insurance ◽  
Multi Stage

The study evaluated the performance of Nigeria Agricultural Insurance Scheme in Kogi State, Nigeria. A multi-stage random sampling technique was used to select 300 insured farmers. Primary and secondary data were used for the study. Data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using both descriptive and inferential statistical tools. The services provided by the scheme include; subsidized livestock, subsidized crops, commercial livestock, commercial crops, multiple cover, motor liability, fire, and special peril, general accident, engineering and bonds, and special risks. However, the study showed that insured farmers in the state were only engaged in subsidized crops (94.7%), subsidized livestock (44.3%), multiple covers (17.7%), and commercial crops (1.7%). The findings further showed that 92.7% of the insured farmers used the scheme occasionally. Commercial banks (99.3%) and cooperative societies (92%) were the major sources of information on agricultural insurance among the insured farmers. The study showed an improvement in the income of insured farmers after the scheme, though the marginal increase was not significant. Conclusively, the insurance scheme has not brought about the desired increase in farmers’ income.

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