scholarly journals Cabbage (Brassica oleracea) and cauliflower (Brassica oleracea) marketing in selected areas of Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-141
Author(s):  
MS Hoq ◽  
MA Matin ◽  
TMB Hossain ◽  
S Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Transportation Cost ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Barrier To Entry ◽  
Marketing Chain ◽  
Storage Facilities

The study was conducted in two districts Comilla and Jessore to examine the marketing chain, marketing cost, and margin, problems and some probable solutions for cabbage and cauliflower marketing. A total of 92 respondents consisting of 20 vegetable growers and 72 vegetables traders were selected as sample for the present study. A multi-stage simple random sampling technique was used for selection of samples. Both primary and secondary data were used for the study. About 60% farmers used van to carry the vegetables to the market. Average cauliflower marketing cost of farmer was higher than cabbage which was Tk.36.59 per quintal due to its special transportation arrangement. On the basis of the intermediaries, seven marketing chain were identified as a dominant. The chain Farmer?Local Traders (Faria) ? Bepari? Aratdar (urban) ?Retailer (urban) ?Consumer was identified as most dominant. About 39.60% product runs through this chain. In cauliflower marketing local traders, Bepari, retailer (urban) and retailer (rural) incurred the highest marketing cost than cabbage which were averaged Tk.65.75, Tk.248.47, Tk.205.69, and Tk.78.21, respectively, due to its perishable nature. In the case of farmers, local traders (Faria) and Bepari transportation cost is the highest. Commission charge was highest in the case of retailer (urban) and spoilage and damage cost was the highest for retailer(rural).The marketing cost was the highest for Bepari which were estimated Tk.212.74 for cabbage, Tk.219.87 for cauliflower and the marketing margin was highest for retailer (urban) which were estimated Tk.108.52 for cabbage and Tk.130.09 for cauliflower. Inadequate storage facilities and dominance of intermediaries were the major marketing problems identified by the farmers. Unstable price, barrier to entry in the terminal market, delays on ferryghat and spoilage and damage were the major marketing problem faced by the different intermediaries. The study suggested improving the storage facilities and establishment of organization to solve marketing problem of the farmers. Easy access of vegetables carrying vehicle in the terminal market, arrangement of separate cargo ferry would reduce the spoilage and damage of vegetables in the trader’s level. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v39i1.20163 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 39(1): 127-141, March 2014

scholarly journals Market chain analysis of smallholder coffee producers in debub ari district of south omo zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
Y Alemayehu
Keyword(s):  
Group Discussion ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Price Setting ◽  
Market Chain ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Chain Analysis ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
Marketing Chain ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This study mainly aimed at analyzing market chain analysis of coffee in the Debub Ari District. The descriptive and S-C-P model was used. Both primary and secondary data were collected from the study area. The multi-stage sampling technique employed for this study. A total of 194 coffee producer household heads have been randomly selected and interviewed with the help of pre-tested structured questionnaire. The focus group discussion and key informants interviews were conducted to supplement the formal data. The results of S-C-P model indicated that the four firms concentration ratio (CR4) result in the study area was found to be tight oligopolistic for both red and dry coffee which accounts 89.2 and 80.0%, respectively. About 72% of price setting was done by buyers, 27% negotiation and 1% by the producers. There are seven market channels, which have been identified in the study area. The computed marketing margin among different actors and channels indicated that the total gross marketing margin (TGMM) of coffee is high in channel I, II, III whereas the producers marketing margin (GMMp) was highest in channel VII. Therefore, the intervention is needed to improve coffee marketing chain through promoting cooperatives, infrastructural development and timely market information for efficient marketing system in the study area. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(2): 61-68, Dec 2021

PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN DAN MOTVASI KERJA TERHADAP KUALITAS PELAYANAN PUBLIK (STUDI KASUS PADA KANTOR KEMENTERIAN AGAMA SUNGAI PENUH )

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pahrizal
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Intervening Variables

The research is proposed to test the influence of Leadership and Motivation Work on Public Service Quality. The population in this study was the Kantor Kementerian Agama Sungai Penuh who had received the last 1 year service at the Kantor Kementerian Agama Sungai Penuh, amounting to 260 people. Furthermore, by using the Slovin formula, a sample size of 158 people was chosen with a sampling technique based on Simple Random Sampling. This study uses primary data and secondary data. Data analysis techniques used are path analysis and hypothesis testing using t test with data analysis using SPSS version 20. The results of the study based on showing that partially the Leadership and motivation work have a positive and significant effect on Public Service Quality. The results also show that motivation work variables act as intervening variables between Leadership and Public Service Quality.

scholarly journals Mobilising internally generated funds to finance development projects in Ghana’s Northern Region

2016 ◽  
pp. 147-160
Author(s):  
Felix Puopiel ◽  
Musah Chimsi
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Business Taxes ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Finance Development ◽  
Security Checkpoints

This paper assesses the effectiveness of Metropolitan, Municipal and District Assemblies (MMDAs) in Ghana’s Northern Region in mobilising internally generated funds (IGF) to finance development projects. The study gathered both primary and secondary data from three MMDAs: Tamale Metropolitan Assembly, Yendi Municipal Assembly and Saboba District Assembly. It employed a multi-stage sampling technique of questionnaires, interviews, focus groups and key informant interviews to collect data from respondents and obtain a snapshot of their situation in the 2013 fiscal year. It established that fines, property rates, licences, annual rates, investment income, permits, sales of tender documents, and business taxes were potential sources of revenue for the assemblies. Also, the study identified a range of strategies employed by assemblies to raise revenue: engagement of revenue collectors, use of a mobile revenue taskforce, registration of businesses, visits to markets and business centres, commission payments for revenue collectors, security checkpoints, incentivisation of revenue collectors, establishment of revenue collection points, and rotation of revenue collectors. Nevertheless, the study found that the MMDAs studied could not meet their IGF revenue targets for the 2013 fiscal year, with all three falling below 50%. This poor performance was attributed to: inadequate logistics to support effective IGF mobilisation; under-declaring of revenues; not enough revenue collectors; poor supervision and monitoring; poor compliance by ratepayers; corruption; political interference; inadequate knowledge and skills among revenue collectors; poor service delivery by the assemblies; ineffective collaboration; and lack of revenue data. 

scholarly journals Determinants of Inlet Choices of Sheep and Goats Traders in Ghana: A Case Study of Kumasi and Tamale

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Fallah Samuel Kassoh ◽  
Jusufu Abdulai ◽  
Osman Nabay ◽  
Rebecca Bockarie
Keyword(s):  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Transportation Cost ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Multinomial Logit Model ◽  
Sampling Frame ◽  
Fuel Price ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Major Factors

The consumption of Small ruminants’ meat (sheep and goat) form an integral component of an average Ghanaian’s diet due to the country’s emergence to a middle income earning status and awareness of the outstanding benefits of a nutritious diet. However, periodic shocks in market availability of products severely impacts access and in most cases cause price hike hence affecting dietary patterns especially of urban dwellers that are mostly habitual in recurrent consumption of these products. Against such insight, this study investigates the factors that influence the inlet choice of sheep and goats traders in two urban towns of Ghana (Kumasi and Tamale) using Multinomial logit model. The selection of Kumasi and Tamale markets were based on the progressive marketing and consumption of sheep (S) and goats (G). A multi stage sampling technique was used in this study. A reconnaissance survey was carried out in Kumasi and Tamale metropolis in order to identify the existing markets and to generate the sample frame. Ten markets were purposively selected based on the proximity of the markets to the urban centres. A total of 284 traders were randomly sampled from the sampling frame. A structured questionnaire was used to collect relevant data, and analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The results of the study showed that majority of the traders were male with most (43%) falling within the age range of 31 to 40 years. International market (Burkina Faso) was identified as the major source of sheep and goats with 37% of total respondents sourcing from there. The major factors found to be influencing the inlet choice of sheep and goats by sampled traders in the study areas were prices, licenses, quantity of animals handled, transportation cost, education, experience and age of the traders. Based on the findings of the study, the following recommendations were suggested to improve the SG trade in urban centres of Ghana: Credit provision to traders who desire it to establish and expand their investment; reduction of license cost; and general reduction of fuel price so as to ease economic mobility of products.

scholarly journals NUTRITIONAL STATUS AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL GOING CHILDREN LIVING IN URBAN AREA OF SINDH PAKISTAN

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-65
Author(s):  
Muhammad Faisal Qureshi ◽  
Aneeta Rathore ◽  
Nandlal Seerani ◽  
Sumera Qureshi ◽  
Bisharat Faisal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Head Of School ◽  
Multi Stage

Background: Children's health is very important for their better learning and timely nourishment everywhere in the world. Malnutrition among school going children has remained a big challenge in under developed countries. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted among 422 children of four Government Primary schools of Qasimabad, district Hyderabad after taking the proper consent and administration approval from the head of school. Multi stage simple random sampling technique was adopted. Study was approved from Institutional review board of Health Services Academy Islamabad. Results: Out of total, 217 (51.4%) were boys and 205 (48.6%) were girls. Mean Height of boys and girls were 128.09 cm (±SD 12.90) and 130.36 cm (±SD 12.50) respectively. Mean Weight of boys was 25.27 Kgs (±SD 6.17) while in girls mean Weight was 26.83 Kgs (±SD 7.03). 17.57 cm (±SD 2.34) was mean MUAC for all participants and mean BMI was 15.42 (±SD 2.02). Prevalent of stunting and wasting were 24.4% and 18.3% respectively. While in 13.7% thinness (BMI for age) was seen. Stunting was statistically significant in girls 9-10 year (p value=.015, CI: .118-.823, OR=.311) and 11-≥12 years (p value=.018, CI: .215-.874, OR=.434). Pallor was more in girls (17%) and Dental caries were higher in boys (20.8%). Insufficient breakfast was done by 347 (82.2%), whereas 75 (17.8%) were doing sufficient breakfast. 341 (80.8%) students became ill during last year, out of that 80 (19%) were having history of hospitalization. Conclusion: Poor polices and lack of food aid interventions regarding health of primary school going children was assessed during this study.

scholarly journals PENGARUH LABEL HALAL TERHADAP PILIHAN KONSUMEN GERAI INDOMART PANUMBANGAN KABUPATEN CIAMIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-105
Author(s):  
Lilis D Hadaliah ◽  
Sri Maryani
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Choice ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Linear Coefficient ◽  
Simultaneous Test

This research aims to analyse the practice of halal labels as well as the process of consumer choice when choosing Halal products at Indomart Panumbangan. The data used in the study is primary data and secondary data. Primary Data is obtained directly from the survey dissemination to the research respondent. Secondary data is derived from literature, journals, or data related to research purposes. The population in this study is the consumer of Indomart Panumbangan, a sampling technique is a simple random sampling, a sampling of 50 people. Methods for collecting data using questionnaire or poll. The data analysis techniques in this study are validity and reliability tests, simple linear regression analyses as well as linear coefficient (R) analyses and determinations (R2).  The results of the study showed the halal Label on each packaged food product offered at Indomart Panumbangan 90% of the official halal Label, the rest of which are labeled halal but not in accordance with the provisions of LPPOM MUI. The selection process on products labeled halal, consumers influenced cultural factors. From a variable X R2 test (Halal label) it affects 29.8% against Y (consumer choice). From simultaneous test results and variable X partial tests significantly affect the consumer's preference (Y).

scholarly journals A study on customers purchase decesion making green marketing products in tamil nadu with special reference to coimbatore city

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 316-322
Author(s):  
MARAGATHAM V
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Green Marketing ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Environmental Threats ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Environmentally Responsible ◽  
Environmentally Safe

First of all, environment and environmental problems, one of the reason why the green marketing emerged. According to the American Marketing Association, green marketing is the marketing of products that are presumed to be environmentally safe, To analyse the factors influencing the green marketing products in Coimbatore city.Objectives of the study, To analyse the factors influencing the green marketing products in Coimbatore city. The describptive research has used this study. Primary as well as secondary data has been used in this study. Primary data collected from structured questionnaire. Secondary data were collected from journals, magazines, news paper etc. Simple random sampling technique adopted in this study.Suggested this study, Consumer needs to be made more aware about the merits of Green products. The consumer needs to be educated and made aware of the environmental threats. It should be made sure that the consumer is aware of and concerned about the issues that your product attempts to address. Green Marketing campaign and green advertising is good step toward it. Conclude this study, an environmental committed organization may not only produce goods that have reduced their detrimental impact on theenvironment, they may also be able to pressure their suppliers to behave in a more environmentally responsible fashion.

scholarly journals Pre-Purchase Behavior of Consumer with Reference to Car in Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-146
Author(s):  
Surendra Neupane
Keyword(s):  
Reference Group ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Purchase Behavior ◽  
Time Gap ◽  
Information Consumers

The purpose of this study is to investigate the pre purchase behavior of car consumers in Nepal. In order to accomplish the objectives of the study, a sample of 400 consumers were taken by using simple random sampling technique. The data was collected by means of a questionnaire. Both primary and secondary data were explored and analyzed through descriptive analysis. From the analysis, it was concluded that the respondents owned a car as a necessity item, they had a cause need to manage money for time gap between car purchase and need assessment, friends and relatives were the primary source of information. Consumers paying more attention to relevant factors before deciding the brand such as pre purchase search, reference group and self opinion.Journal of Advanced Academic Research Vol. 3, No. 2, 2016, Page: 138-146

scholarly journals Marketing System of Small Scale Broiler in Selected Areas of Tangail District

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-254
Author(s):  
Shahida Akhter ◽  
Alamgir Hasan ◽  
Hasan Habibur Rahman ◽  
Md Kamrul Hassan ◽  
Most Tahmina Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Transportation Cost ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Fair Price ◽  
Marketing System ◽  
Average Production ◽  
Marketing Information

The study was attempted to explore the small scale broiler farming of Tangail district. Bhuapur, Ghatail, Kalihati, Shakhipur, Delduar and Basail Upazilas were selected purposively for this study. Primary data were collected through face to face interview with the respondents of broiler farmers during February to July, 2016. Secondary data were collected from the BBS, poultry production and marketing reports, journals, DAM, DLS and MS theses. A total of 30 broiler farm owners and 54 intermediaries were selected by applying purposive sampling technique. In the production and marketing system of broiler, many intermediaries were involved such as Bepari, Paiker, Wholesaler and Retailer. Marketing of broiler, produced in Tangail district, was moved from producers to the consumers through four separate chains. The average production cost of farmer for 500 birds was BDT 54781.25, and marketing cost of paiker, wholesaler and retailer were BDT 1230, BDT 1310 and BDT 440, respectively. However, beparies received highest marketing cost which was BDT 1370/500 birds. Transportation was found as the highest cost item which was 37.96%, 39.02% and 40.46%, in case of bepari, paiker, and wholesalers, respectively, but there was no transportation cost of retailer. Broiler farmers sold 90% of their broiler to paiker/bepari and remaining 10% to retailer (distance paiker) sold directly. Paikers sold 85.63% of their broilers to retailers and 14.34% to retailers through wholesalers. Consumer purchases100% of broiler from the retailers in the study areas. Broiler producers did not get fair price due to lack of economic storage facilities, existence of stronger middlemen, inadequacy of veterinary care and services, inefficient transportation facilities, and lack of proper marketing information. It could be concluded that institutional credits, timely supply of inputs and stable price of broiler should be ensured along with the provision of transport and market facilities. Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.7(2): 243-254,  August 2020

scholarly journals Determinants of Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulagris L.) Marketed Surplus Among Smallholder Farmers in Humbo and Damot Gale Woredas, Southern Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Besufekad Belayneh ◽  
Tewodros Tefera ◽  
Thomas Lemma
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Multi Stage

This research was aimed to study the common bean (Phaseolus vulagris L.) marketed surplus among smallholder farmers in the Humbo and Damot Gale Woredas. A multi-stage sampling technique was used in order to determine the sample respondents. By using simple random sampling technique four sample Kebeles were selected. Cross sectional data were collected from 182 farm households who produced common bean in 2016 production season. Primary data were collected from sample households using structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and econometric model were employed to analyze the data. To identify determinants of marketed surplus of common bean, Ordinary Least Square (OLS) model was employed. The study suggest interventions such as intensification strategies which increase yields through proper management and use of inputs, rural infrastructure improvement increases the likelihood of market orientation and marketed surplus of common bean.

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