scholarly journals ROLE OF EDTA ON HYPER ACCUMULATION OF Cd WITH DIFFERENT SOLUBILITY BY OCIMUM BASILICUM (L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (no 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shimaa A. Ismaiel
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Enrichment Factor ◽  
Translocation Factor ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Pot Experiment ◽  
High Solubility ◽  
Cd Uptake ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Low Solubility

This study can professionally discuss the ability of Ocimum basilicum to the accumulation of one heavy metal like Cd but has a different solubility. Phytoremediation is required along with modifying chelates to enhance the elimination capacity of the metal. The study was conducted to determine the effect of amendment materials like EDTA on Cd uptake from the soil and translocation to roots and shoots of O. basilicum. Pot experiment in randomized design was applied 5 and 10 mg/kg soil in two forms, CdCl2 and CdCO3, and the effect of EDTA. The results revealed that the concentration of Cd in O. basilicum was higher in case of Cd with high solubility (CdCl2) and EDTA significantly increase the ability of the plant to accumulation of various Cd forms especially with low solubility (CdCO3). The calculating translocation factor and enrichment factor were more than 1 indicating O. basilicumis hyperaccumulator and good enough for phyto extraction of Cd.

scholarly journals Microbes Mediated Mitigation of Abiotic Stresses in Agriculture

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.S. Bobade ◽  
S.P. Dhekane ◽  
P.A. Salunke ◽  
S.G. Mane ◽  
S.S. Dhawan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Wheat Plant ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Pot Experiment ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Positive Effect

Background: Crop yields are limited by major biotic and abiotic stresses. Various studies had been suggested that abiotic stresses like drought, flood and salinity play a major role in limiting crop yield. Heavy metal contamination is also a major problem in the agriculture sector.Methods: A pot experiment was conducted to elucidate the effect of inoculating bacterial strains on the wheat plant under various stress conditions. The bacteria were isolated and screened from drought, flood and heavy metal stressed soil samples. The selected strains were identified by morphological, biochemical and molecular methods. The ability of Acinetobacter junni S1, Acinetobacter junni S2, Leclercia adecarboxylata and Klebsiella variicola to stimulate the growth of plants were determined by pot experiment using a completely randomized design. The positive effect of isolates on seed germination percent, shoot and root length of the treated wheat plant were recorded. Analysis of soil samples from pots was carried out for evaluation of the presence of macro and micronutrients. Result: The pots inoculated with selected isolates showed a significant increase in pH 7.77, EC 2.11, carbon 0.78, nitrogen 30.83 kg/ha, phosphorus 2.95 kg/ha, potassium 535.32 kg/ha, zinc 0.15 ppm, manganese 0.376 ppm, iron 0.53 ppm and copper 0.15 ppm as compared to control. The chlorophyll content estimation was carried out by using Arnon’s method. The chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll was found to be 14.39, 39.74 and 38.75 respectively.

scholarly journals Phytoremediation potential of some grasses on lead heavy metal in tailing planting media of former tin mining

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
NYAYU SITI KHODIJAH ◽  
RUJITO AGUS SUWIGNYO ◽  
M UMAR HARUN ◽  
LUCY ROBIARTINI
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Bioconcentration Factor ◽  
Translocation Factor ◽  
Absorption Efficiency ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
High Ability ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Treatment Design

Abstract. Khodijah NS, Suwignyo RA, Harun MU, Robiartini L. 2019. Phytoremediation potential of some grasses on lead heavy metal in tailing planting media of former tin mining. Biodiversitas 20: 1973-1982. Agricultural production on tin tailings land must consider the safety of products from Pb metal contaminants. The presence of Pb metal can be overcome by using plants as phytoremediation. This study aimed to obtain information on the ability of phytoremediation of Pb by various types of grass and its interaction with the types of ameliorants in tin tailings media. Three species of grass were used, namely Pennisetum purpureum, Saccharum spontaneum, and Hymenachne acutigluma, and two types of ameliorant, namely lime and compost. The study was designed using a factorial treatment design laid out in a completely randomized design with two treatment factors, namely the type of grass and the type of ameliorant. Observations were done on growth, shoot Pb content and root Pb content. The ability of phytoremediation was assessed by using the approach of Bioconcentration factor (BCF) and Translocation Factor (TF) values. The highest phytoremediation ability was found in treatment of H. acutigluma grass treated with lime ameliorant, followed by S. spontaneum treated with lime ameliorous and S. spontaneum treated with compost ameliorant. Based on BCF values, P. purpureum and H. acutigluma were categorized as accumulators, and S. spontaneum was classified as an excluder. Based on TF values, the three types of grass used were classified as phytostabilisation. The high ability of phytoremediation in H. acutigluma was caused by its high BCF values, ​​while the high ability of phytoremediation on S. spontaneum was caused by its low translocation factor value and high Pb absorption efficiency.

scholarly journals The Role of Salinity in Histopathology Description of Jatim Bulan Tilapia Juvenile (Oreochromis niloticus) Exposed by Lead (PB)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 448-455
Author(s):  
Febri Ramadhan Batista ◽  
Juni Triastuti ◽  
Kustiawan Tri Pursetyo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Gill Tissue ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Heavy Metal Exposure ◽  
Scoring Method ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The decrease in the number of lands for aquaculture will cause the freshwater fish aquaculture, especially tilapia is reared. As one of the efforts to survive, the breeders use the coastal area to anticipate, so the freshwater fish can adapt to the sea waters. Heavy metal pollution near the coasts (or in the coastal waters) has great potential impacts on the environment. The present study aimed to find out the effect of Lead (Pb, heavy-metal) exposure on the Jatimbulan Juvenile tilapia with the different salinity towards histopathology description of the gill, intestine, and the skin tissues. The method used was an experimental method with a completely randomized design using six treatments and three times repetition. The observed parameters included the changes in histopathology description of gill, intestine, and skin organs of Jatimbulan juvenile tilapia. Kruskal-Wallis scoring method was used for data analysis and was continued by Mann-Whitney. The result of the current study showed the effect of salinity towards histopathology description of gill, intestine, and skin of Jatimbulan juvenile tilapia. The effect of changes was proven with the histopathology description in the form of the damage of edema, hyperplasia, and necrosis on the gill tissue; the damage of edema, atrophy, and necrosis on the gill tissue as well as the damage of edema, atrophy, hemorrhagic and necrosis on the gill tissue. From the result of the current study which has been conducted, it can be concluded that the heavy-metal exposure by lead was 0.03 ppm on the salinity of 10 ppt and 20 ppt. given the significant effect on the histopathology description of gill, intestine, and skin of Jatimbulan juvenile tilapia.

scholarly journals Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction in noncentrosymmetric superlattices

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Woo Seung Ham ◽  
Abdul-Muizz Pradipto ◽  
Kay Yakushiji ◽  
Kwangsu Kim ◽  
Sonny H. Rhim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Orbit Coupling ◽  
Inversion Symmetry ◽  
Spin Orbit Coupling ◽  
Spin Orbit ◽  
Band Formation ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Moriya Interaction

AbstractDzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI) is considered as one of the most important energies for specific chiral textures such as magnetic skyrmions. The keys of generating DMI are the absence of structural inversion symmetry and exchange energy with spin–orbit coupling. Therefore, a vast majority of research activities about DMI are mainly limited to heavy metal/ferromagnet bilayer systems, only focusing on their interfaces. Here, we report an asymmetric band formation in a superlattices (SL) which arises from inversion symmetry breaking in stacking order of atomic layers, implying the role of bulk-like contribution. Such bulk DMI is more than 300% larger than simple sum of interfacial contribution. Moreover, the asymmetric band is largely affected by strong spin–orbit coupling, showing crucial role of a heavy metal even in the non-interfacial origin of DMI. Our work provides more degrees of freedom to design chiral magnets for spintronics applications.

scholarly journals Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Basmati Rice: Implications for Public Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8513
Author(s):  
Farah Tariq ◽  
Xiukang Wang ◽  
Muhammad Hamzah Saleem ◽  
Zafar Iqbal Khan ◽  
Kafeel Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enrichment Factor ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Translocation Factor ◽  
Bioaccumulation Factor ◽  
Basmati Rice ◽  
Nutritional Properties ◽  
Health Risk Index ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Locally Grown ◽  
Different Parts

Basmati rice is increasingly recognized and consumed in different parts of the world due to its different tastes and nutritional properties. This research focused on determining the cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), Copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni) and zinc (Zn) content in locally grown basmati rice in Pakistan and assessing the risks of these values to human health. Root, shoot and grain samples of basmati rice were taken, along with soil samples from the five regions studied. Metal mean concentrations (mg/kg) in grains fluctuated from 2.70 to 9.80 for Cd, 4.80 to 9.85 for Zn, 1.16 to 1.46 for Cu, 1.84 to 10.86 for Co, 2.05 to 13.07 for Fe, 5.03 to 11.11 for Mn and 3.24 to 13.28 for Ni, respectively. All metal values were within permissible limits except for Cd. The enrichment factor for Cd was highest among all sites. Cobalt and zinc had the highest bioaccumulation factor and translocation factor. The highest enrichment factor was noticed for Cd and the lowest for Cu. The health risk index at all examined sites was less than one. Consistent examination is recommended to limit health hazards instigated by the use of rice polluted with a greater concentration of Cd.

scholarly journals The Role of Aquaporin Overexpression in the Modulation of Transcription of Heavy Metal Transporters under Cadmium Treatment in Poplar

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Andrea Neri ◽  
Silvia Traversari ◽  
Andrea Andreucci ◽  
Alessandra Francini ◽  
Luca Sebastiani
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Transcriptional Response ◽  
Metal Transporters ◽  
Metal Transporter ◽  
Cadmium Treatment ◽  
Tolerance To Cadmium ◽  
Different Response ◽  
Cd Translocation ◽  
Hydroponic Conditions

Populus alba ‘Villafranca’ clone is well-known for its tolerance to cadmium (Cd). To determine the mechanisms of Cd tolerance of this species, wild-type (wt) plants were compared with transgenic plants over-expressing an aquaporin (aqua1, GenBank GQ918138). Plants were maintained in hydroponic conditions with Hoagland’s solution and treated with 10 µM of Cd, renewed every 5 d. The transcription levels of heavy metal transporter genes (PaHMA2, PaNRAMP1.3, PaNRAMP2, PaNRAMP3.1, PaNRAMP3.2, PaABCC9, and PaABCC13) were analyzed at 1, 7, and 60 d of treatment. Cd application did not induce visible toxicity symptoms in wt and aqua1 plants even after 2 months of treatment confirming the high tolerance of this poplar species to Cd. Most of the analyzed genes showed in wt plants a quick response in transcription at 1 d of treatment and an adaptation at 60 d. On the contrary, a lower transcriptional response was observed in aqua1 plants in concomitance with a higher Cd concentration in medial leaves. Moreover, PaHMA2 showed at 1 d an opposite trend within organs since it was up-regulated in root and stem of wt plants and in leaves of aqua1 plants. In summary, aqua1 overexpression in poplar improved Cd translocation suggesting a lower Cd sensitivity of aqua1 plants. This different response might be due to a different transcription of PaNRAMP3 genes that were more transcribed in wt line because of the importance of this gene in Cd compartmentalization.

scholarly journals The Use of Micro- and Nanocarriers for Resveratrol Delivery into and across the Skin in Different Skin Diseases—A Literature Review

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 451
Author(s):  
Beata Szulc-Musioł ◽  
Beata Sarecka-Hujar
Keyword(s):  
Transdermal Delivery ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Skin Abnormalities ◽  
Low Solubility ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Poor Stability

In recent years, polyphenols have been extensively studied due to their antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. It has been shown that anthocyanins, flavonols, and flavan-3-ols play an important role in the prevention of bacterial infections, as well as vascular or skin diseases. Particularly, resveratrol, as a multi-potent agent, may prevent or mitigate the effects of oxidative stress. As the largest organ of the human body, skin is an extremely desirable target for the possible delivery of active substances. The transdermal route of administration of active compounds shows many advantages, including avoidance of gastrointestinal irritation and the first-pass effect. Moreover, it is non-invasive and can be self-administered. However, this delivery is limited, mainly due to the need to overpassing the stratum corneum, the possible decomposition of the substances in contact with the skin surface or in the deeper layers thereof. In addition, using resveratrol for topical and transdermal delivery faces the problems of its low solubility and poor stability. To overcome this, novel systems of delivery are being developed for the effective transport of resveratrol across the skin. Carriers in the micro and nano size were demonstrated to be more efficient for safe and faster topical and transdermal delivery of active substances. The present review aimed to discuss the role of resveratrol in the treatment of skin abnormalities with a special emphasis on technologies enhancing transdermal delivery of resveratrol.

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