scholarly journals SUSTAINABLE WATER AVAILABILITY MODEL WITH RESERVOIR TECHNIQUE BY USING ISM (INTERPRETATIVE STRUCTURAL MODELING) METHOD IN BANGKA ISLAND INDONESIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Uci Sulandari ◽  
Asep Sapei ◽  
Eriyatno Sapei ◽  
Achmad Faqih ◽  
Lina Karlinasari
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Structural Modeling ◽  
Modeling Method ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Harvesting Technique ◽  
Almost All

The reduced of clean water availability is a problem in almost all parts of the world. This condition is caused by many factors such as population growth, industrialization, urbanization, transportation, etc. The same thing happened in Bangka Island. Based on the research conducted by Hambali (2013) the water balance in Pangkal Pinang was in poor condition (>100%) with a water balance value of 388.13% in 2013, 454% in 2018 and 531.04% in 2023. As the condition of the reduced of clean water availability, especially in Bangka Island, it is necessary to have alternative in providing clean water from other sources as an effort to conserve water to maintain the availability of clean water. One of the water conservation efforts that can be done to maintain the availability of clean water is by using rain harvesting technique. Rainfall source in Bangka Island is possible at reservoir(kulong/embung) of tin mining that has been done. By using the Interpretative Structural Modeling method, it is possible to obtain factor element, institutional element and actor element in sustainable water availability with reservoir technique in Bangka Island. Three key elements were found, namely institutional, social and environmental. Furthermore, the three main institutional elements were 1) regulatory context. 2) trust in community development and 3) positive relation with the community. Meanwhile, the 3 key actors were 1) Technical institution/unit. 2) Financial Institution and 3) Department of Public Works and Housing

scholarly journals ESTIMASI NILAI LINGKUNGAN PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT DITINJAU DARI NERACA AIR TANAMAN KELAPA SAWIT (STUDI KASUS: PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT DI KECAMATAN DAYUN, KABUPATEN SIAK, PROPINSI RIAU)THE ESTIMATION OF OIL PALM PLANTATION ...

Agromet ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isa Teguh Widodo ◽  
Bambang Dwi Dasanto
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Palm Tree ◽  
Conservation Program ◽  
Oil Palm Plantation

Dayun area is one of the centers of oil palm plantation in Siak Regency. State-owned company that develops oil palm plantation in Dayun is PT Perkebunan Nusantara V (PTPN V) which is the first company developing oil palm plantation in Siak Regency. The oil palm plantations cause various effects to the environment; one of them is the decreasing water availability for the water stakeholders. The decreasing water availability causes additional cost to the community. The objectives of this study were to determine the decreasing of water availability which was caused by oil palm plantation, and its cost to meet the needs of water. The study used water balance model by Thornwhite 1957 and Willingness to Pays (WTP) analysis using questionaire of Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) in Sawit Permai, Dayun Subdistrict, Siak Regency. The land cover, before and after, affects the water balance which impacts the water availability in Dayun. The decreasing water availability was comparable with the increasing water demand in oil palm plantation, equal to 67 mm/year. Oil palm plantation had greater runoff than that of forest. The need of water in oil palm plantation in Dayun was 42.728 liters/ha/day, with the daily need of a single palm tree equal to 0,012 m3/s. Based on the analysis of debt estimation, there is debt decreasing which indicates the decreasing water availability in Dayun, around 349 m3/s yearly. The estimated value of the environment for oil palm plantation by water resources consumption based on the difference of forest and oil palm plantation during the dry season (JJA) is equal to Rp 7.500.000. Average WTP for the water conservation program is Rp 26.400, with WTP maximum and minimum up to Rp 45.000 and Rp 5.000, respectively. The economic value of water conservation program is Rp 18.850.000/month.Dayun area is one of the centers of oil palm plantation in Siak Regency. State-owned company that develops oil palm plantation in Dayun is PT Perkebunan Nusantara V (PTPN V) which is the first company developing oil palm plantation in Siak Regency. The oil palm plantations cause various effects to the environment; one of them is the decreasing water availability for the water stakeholders. The decreasing water availability causes additional cost to the community. The objectives of this study were to determine the decreasing of water availability which was caused by oil palm plantation, and its cost to meet the needs of water. The study used water balance model by Thornwhite 1957 and Willingness to Pays (WTP) analysis using questionaire of Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) in Sawit Permai, Dayun Subdistrict, Siak Regency. The land cover, before and after, affects the water balance which impacts the water availability in Dayun. The decreasing water availability was comparable with the increasing water demand in oil palm plantation, equal to 67 mm/year. Oil palm plantation had greater runoff than that of forest. The need of water in oil palm plantation in Dayun was 42.728 liters/ha/day, with the daily need of a single palm tree equal to 0,012 m3/s. Based on the analysis of debt estimation, there is debt decreasing which indicates the decreasing water availability in Dayun, around 349 m3/s yearly. The estimated value of the environment for oil palm plantation by water resources consumption based on the difference of forest and oil palm plantation during the dry season (JJA) is equal to Rp 7.500.000. Average WTP for the water conservation program is Rp 26.400, with WTP maximum and minimum up to Rp 45.000 and Rp 5.000, respectively. The economic value of water conservation program is Rp 18.850.000/month.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN DAN KETERSEDIAAN AIR DI DAS KEDUANG JAWA TENGAH

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Erlynda Kumalajati ◽  
Sambas Sabarnudi ◽  
Budiadi Budiadi ◽  
Putu Sudira
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Curve Number ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Average Decrease ◽  
Central Java ◽  
The Future ◽  
Directorate General

This study aims to examine the balance between the availability and water need in the present and the future in Keduang Watershed, Central Java. The water need is calculated by using the standard water need for irrigation and non-irrigation. Types of non-irrigation water need encompass the water need for domestic, office, and the facilities of health, education, religious duties, industry, and market, as well as livestock. The standard water need is from SNI 19-6728.1-2002 and Planning Criteria of Directorate General of Human Settlements of Department of Public Works in 1996. This study uses socio-economic data in 2013. The availability of water is calculated by using Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS CN) from USDA with the hydrological data from 2005 to 2013. This study uses data in 2013, due to the limitations of the data that can be obtained. In the analysis of availability and water need, hydrological, and spatial data are projected until 2033 and analyzed using quantitative analysis in the form of descriptive statistics. The result shows that 1) from year to year in Keduang watershed, the water need is increasing with an average increase of 3.38%, while the water availability is decreasing with an average decrease of 0.09%. 2) Water deficit will begin in 2023, when the water need is reaching 115,306,568.00 m3/year, whereas the water availability only 112,250,656.00 m3/year. From this calculation, it can be concluded that if there is no effort to change the trend of land cover that lead to the goal of water conservation, then, the water availability will not able to cover the water need. Thus, in the future, Keduang watershed will occur water deficit.

scholarly journals KELAYAKAN DISTRIBUSI DAN KETERSEDIAAN AIR BERSIH DI DESA MOJO KECAMATAN PADANG KABUPATEN LUMAJANG

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Mochtar Nova Mulyadi ◽  
Elida Novita ◽  
N. Nurhayati
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
The Government

The limitation to get clean water causes the community to utilize the existing water resources. One of the villages needs clean water during the dry season in Mojo Village Padang District, Regency Lumajang. The need for clean water was increasing as the population growth. The population of the Mojo Village was 3,901 people. The needs of clean water were supplied from Jirun wellspring. The Jirun wellspring was located 20 meters lower than a residential area. The government of Lumajang Regency installed a hydrant pump to solve the problem for distributing the clean water from Jirun wellspring to the residential area. The flow rate of Jirun wellspring reached 22.91 l/s. The index of clean water criticality was 3.44% namely “uncritical” that indicated Mojo Village was abundant water availability. Keywords: dongki pump, water balance

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN DAN KONSERVASI SUMBER AIR DALAM KEADAAN DARURAT

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seno Adi
Keyword(s):  
Water Availability ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Shallow Aquifer ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Water Utilization ◽  
Limited Scale ◽  
Resource Exploration ◽  
Exploitation System

The need of clean water availability is the basic need of human being for living. In case of emergency, the clean water availability is still needed firstly.  In this  situation, we have to has a practical knowledge on water resource exploration as well as exploitation effectively and efficiently in such away the water utilization  are sustainable. The water availability properties such as, quality, quantity,   and site are related to the technology  for water conservation and exploitation.  Basically, the water availability in emergency could be developed based on the hydrological and hydro geological properties of the nearest location.   In situ direct water utilization with bad water quality  (in case of flooding)  could be handled by using tools of water survival kit such as water bag, purification tablet or powder, and purification bottle.  The water utilization in short term with limited scale (in case of  refugees camp) could be developed by constructing  shallow well  (dig well or pumping well) if the shallow aquifer are available. The water utilization in medium term could be developed by constructing water conservation and exploitation system such as mini dam, infiltration galleries, spring water conservation, water seepage,  and rain water harvesting.    Key words : sumber air, darurat, hidrologi, hidrogeologi, konservasi

scholarly journals Afforestation of Degraded Croplands as a Water-Saving Option in Irrigated Region of the Aral Sea Basin

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1433
Author(s):  
Navneet Kumar ◽  
Asia Khamzina ◽  
Patrick Knöfel ◽  
John P. A. Lamers ◽  
Bernhard Tischbein
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Aral Sea ◽  
Water Balance Components ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Trade Offs

Climate change is likely to decrease surface water availability in Central Asia, thereby necessitating land use adaptations in irrigated regions. The introduction of trees to marginally productive croplands with shallow groundwater was suggested for irrigation water-saving and improving the land’s productivity. Considering the possible trade-offs with water availability in large-scale afforestation, our study predicted the impacts on water balance components in the lower reaches of the Amudarya River to facilitate afforestation planning using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The land-use scenarios used for modeling analysis considered the afforestation of 62% and 100% of marginally productive croplands under average and low irrigation water supply identified from historical land-use maps. The results indicate a dramatic decrease in the examined water balance components in all afforestation scenarios based largely on the reduced irrigation demand of trees compared to the main crops. Specifically, replacing current crops (mostly cotton) with trees on all marginal land (approximately 663 km2) in the study region with an average water availability would save 1037 mln m3 of gross irrigation input within the study region and lower the annual drainage discharge by 504 mln m3. These effects have a considerable potential to support irrigation water management and enhance drainage functions in adapting to future water supply limitations.

scholarly journals Risk Assessment of Future Climate and Land Use/Land Cover Change Impacts on Water Resources

Hydrology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Nick Martin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Reference Conditions ◽  
Weather Generator ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Lulc Change

Climate and land use and land cover (LULC) changes will impact watershed-scale water resources. These systemic alterations will have interacting influences on water availability. A probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) framework for water resource impact analysis from future systemic change is described and implemented to examine combined climate and LULC change impacts from 2011–2100 for a study site in west-central Texas. Internally, the PRA framework provides probabilistic simulation of reference and future conditions using weather generator and water balance models in series—one weather generator and water balance model for reference and one of each for future conditions. To quantify future conditions uncertainty, framework results are the magnitude of change in water availability, from the comparison of simulated reference and future conditions, and likelihoods for each change. Inherent advantages of the framework formulation for analyzing future risk are the explicit incorporation of reference conditions to avoid additional scenario-based analysis of reference conditions and climate change emissions scenarios. In the case study application, an increase in impervious area from economic development is the LULC change; it generates a 1.1 times increase in average water availability, relative to future climate trends, from increased runoff and decreased transpiration.

Hydrological regime, water availability and land use/land cover change impact on the water balance in a large agriculture basin in the Southern Brazilian Amazon

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 103224
Author(s):  
Tárcio Rocha Lopes ◽  
Cornélio Alberto Zolin ◽  
Rafael Mingoti ◽  
Laurimar Gonçalves Vendrusculo ◽  
Frederico Terra de Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Change Impact

scholarly journals Drought resistance of sugar-cane crop for different levels of water availability in the soil

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando da S. Barbosa ◽  
Rubens D. Coelho ◽  
Rafael Maschio ◽  
Carlos J. G. de S. Lima ◽  
Everaldo M. da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Final Population ◽  
Different Levels

Soil water availability is the main cause of reduced productivity, and the early development period most sensitive to water deficit. This study aimed to evaluate the drought resistance of the varieties of sugar-cane RB867515 and SP81-3250 during the early development using different levels of water deficit on four soil depths. The experiment was conducted at the Department of Biosystems at Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz" (ESALQ/USP) in a greenhouse in soil classified as Oxisol, sandy loam texture (Series "Sertãozinho"). Once exhausted the level of available water in the soil, the dry strength of the studied strains are relatively low. Water balance with values less than -13 mm cause a significant decrease in the final population of plants, regardless of the variety, and values below -35 mm, leads to the death of all plants.

scholarly journals Intensive Care Unit Acquired Hypernatremia after Major Surgery is Associated with Urine Concentrating Defect: An Observational Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Deetjen ◽  
Ulrich Jaschinski ◽  
Axel Heller
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Major Surgery ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care ◽  
Water Excretion

Abstract Background: Although intensive care acquired hypernatremia is a common event, limited knowledge exists about the pathogenesis of this disorder. The present study attempts to show that patients undergoing major surgery develop hypernatremia in the presence of both high salt and volume load and concentration disorder of the kidney with insufficient sodium excretion.Methods: In a retrospective study, all patients who were admitted to a 40-bed tertiary surgical intensive care unit of a university hospital from July 2019 to December 2019 with major surgery were examined. Hypernatremia was defined as a sodium value exceeding 145 mmol/l. In addition to the analysis of all patients, complete water and salt balances were performed in a smaller subgroup with 142 patients.Results: 23.9% of patients undergoing major surgery developed hypernatremia, whereby hypernatremia was associated with increased mortality. Patients with hypernatremia showed a renal concentration defect with decreased urine sodium concentration (65 (IQR: 44.8-90) mmol/l vs 78 (IQR: 46-107) mmol/l, p = 0.007) and decreased urine osmolality (514 (IQR: 465-605) mmol/l vs 602 (IQR: 467-740) mmol/l, p < 0.001). In the subgroup of patients with complete sodium and water balance, a positive salt and water balance was observed. After propensity score matching, we found a significantly increased electrolyte free water clearance (1020 ±1740 ml vs -560 ±1620 ml, p <0.001) in the hypernatremia group, together with an inadequately lower total sodium urine excretion (401 ±303 mmol vs 593 ±400 mmol, p = 0.02). Conclusion: The present study shows that postoperative hypernatremia is associated with an imbalance between perioperative salt and water load and renal sodium and water handling with inadequately low renal sodium excretion and inadequately high renal water excretion. The underlying renal concentration disorder may be explained by a defect in a natriuretic-ureotelic response a recently described renal urea-mediated water conservation mechanism after salt exposure.

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