scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF MINERAL STATUS OF TWICE-YEARLY LAMBING YANKASA EWES 1. APRAISAL OF MINERAL STATUS IN THE DIET AND BLOOD SERUM

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
B. A. Fajemisin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Mineral Deficiency ◽  
Mineral Status ◽  
Mineral Profile ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus ◽  
Iron Manganese ◽  
Mean Concentration

An appraisal of mineral status of twice-yearly lambing Yankasa ewes was carried out in order to trace any evidence of mineral deficiency in the diet and to obtain baseline information of clinical, physiological and nutritional interest. A total of thirty pregnant and lactation ewes, weighing between 27 - 37kg was sampled for mineral profile in blood serum. The basal and supplemental diets were also analysed for chemical and mineral composition. Average daily dry matter intakes ranged from 0.92 to 1.5kg per head per day. Higher concentration of magnesium, iron, manganese and zinc were obtained in the serum of both pregnant and lactating ewes than values obtained for temperate breeds. Average calcium concentrations (mg/100ml) in the blood serum during gestation and lactation were 10.0 ± 1.7 and 6.1 æ 1.3respectively. The values were higher during gestation than lactation. The differences were significant (P 0.05). On the other hand, the mean concentration (mg/100ml) was 12.6 æ 2.2 during gestation and increased to 17.4 æ 3.2 during lactation. The differences were also significant. (P < 0.01). The concentrations of calcium and phosphorus (mg/100ml) were observed to be influenced by parturition.

scholarly journals Copper, iron, manganese and zinc concentrations in the carcases of lambs and calves and the relationship to trace element requirements for growth

1979 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. F. Suttle
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Tissue Storage ◽  
Growth Requirements ◽  
Fe And Mn ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Daily Intakes ◽  
Iron Manganese ◽  
The Relationship

1. The minced carcases of twenty-seven lambs, ranging from 18 to 69 kg in live weight, and twenty-five calves (30–90 kg) were analysed for copper, iron, manganese and zinc. The lambs were weaned whereas the calves were reared exclusively on milk.2. Mean concentrations of Fe, Mn and Zn for groups of lamb carcases fell within the ranges 52.6–75.1, 0.7–1.2 and 20.8–25.6 mg/kg fresh carcase weight respectively. The concentrations of Fe and Mn decreased while that of Zn increased slightly with age at slaughter. The concentrations of Fe, Mn and Zn in calves were close to thosein lambs.3. For both species, the concentration of Cu in the carcase varied erratically: variation in hepatic Cu storage was implicated. In an additional study of ten full-term foetuses from Cu-depleted or Cu-supplemented ewes, a dietary Cu supplement (10 mg/kg dry matter (DM)) increased foetal Cu status 10-fold, due largely to an increase in foetal liver Cu.4. The mean retentions of trace elements in the lamb carcases (%intake) were approximately: Cu 2.0, Fe 1.3, Mn 0.08, Zn 4.0. The corresponding values for the milk-fed calves were all probably much higher (Cu 23, Fe 43.7, Mn 4.9, Zn 34.0) but Cu intake was not accurately measured.5. After allowing for tissue storage of Fe and Mn, values of 55, 0.85 and 24 mg/kg carcase gain were taken to represent the approximate net growth requirements of lambs for Fe, Mn and Zn respectively: the corresponding value for Cu was probably < 1.0 mg/kg. Values for calves were similar to those for lambs.6. It was concluded that the total net requirements of ruminants for Fe and Zn shouldbe considered in terms of daily intakes of the metans rather than dietary concentrationsbecause of the relatively large and constant contribution of the growth component to thetotal requirement.

The concentration of progesterone, 20α-dihydroprogesterone, testosterone, oestrone and oestradiol-17β in serum, amniotic fluid and placental tissue of pregnant rabbits

1982 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. F. Lau ◽  
S. K. Saksena ◽  
R. Salmonsen
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Placental Tissue ◽  
Maternal Tissue ◽  
Pregnant Rabbit ◽  
P Content ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

Abstract. The concentrations of progesterone (Δ4P), 20α-dihydroprogesterone (20α-DHP), testosterone (T), oestrone (E1) and oestradiol-17β (E2β) in peripheral blood serum (PBS), amniotic fluid (AF) and placental tissue of rabbits during gestation were determined by radioimmunoassay. The placenta of the 10-day pregnant rabbit was fragile and composed mainly of maternal tissue. By the 12th day of pregnancy it was separable into maternal and foetal placentae. The mean concentration of Δ4P in PBS rose from 200 pg/ml (day 1 of pregnancy) to 17–21 ng/ml (days 10–15) and decreased gradually to 1 ng/ml a few hours before parturition. The 20α-DHP in PBS also showed an increase from 1.5 ng/ml (day 1) to 12 ng/ml (day 6) but fluctuated thereafter. The concentration of 20α-DHP in the PBS tended to be lower than that of Δ4P during pregnancy until the regression of the corpus luteum. An interesting observation was an increase of T on days 6–8 of pregnancy, the time when implantation occurs. The concentrations of E1 and E2β in PBS remained very low throughout pregnancy. Δ4P and 20α-DHP in AF ranged between 25 pg to 1 ng/ml and in no case during the course of pregnancy were the levels of T, E1 and E2β in AF higher than in PBS. Where the maternal placental Δ4P content remained between 1–2 ng/placenta, the foetal placenta Δ4P rose to a level of 15 ng/placenta by day 31 of pregnancy. A similar trend was recorded for 20α-DHP content. It is concluded that although a parallelism between PBS and myometrial steroid concentration was observed, no relationship could be drawn between the concentrations of steroid in PBS and those of the placental tissue and AF.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF HUMAN EXPOSURE TO HEXACHLOROBENZENE AT SAMARITÁ, SÃO VICENTE, SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
AGNES S. SILVA ◽  
HELOISA H.C. BARRETTO ◽  
ODETE N.K. INOMATA ◽  
VERA R.R. LEMES
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Determination Limit ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

Na área de Samaritá, cidade de São Vicente, São Paulo, Brasil, resíduos químicos industriais foram descartados por vários anos, sem proteção ambiental, contendo 55 a 85% de hexaclorobenzeno (HCB) e outros produtos em menores quantidades. Para avaliar o impacto à saúde foram analisados soro sangüíneo de 234 pessoas de diversos bairros da região, com mais de 2 anos de residência, subdivididos em 6 setores: A - Quarentenário e vizinhança do lixo industrial a 67 km; B - Jardim Rio Branco; C - Parque das Bandeiras; D - Gleba II; E - Vila Samaritá; F - Vila Ema, Vila Iolanda, Vila Mathias. Dez amostras de soro sangüíneo de habitantes de Itanhaém, área considerada não exposta, foram coletados para fornecer dados de referência. HCB não foi encontrado em nenhuma destas amostras. Resíduos de HCB foram analisados por cromatografia a gás com detetor de captura de elétrons e limite de determinação de 0,02 µg/dL. Os níveis médios de HCB no soro sanguíneo dos moradores mostraram-se significativamente diferentes (p < 0.001) entre o setor A (0.41µg/dL) e os demais setores: B (0.04 µg/dL); C (0.04 µg/ dL); D (0.03 µg/dL); E (0.04 µg/dL): F (0.04 µg/dL). Ainda que não seja possível estabelecer correlações com doenças encontradas na população, este estudo demonstra que os resíduos de HCB constituem problema para a saúde, pois além de contaminar o meio ambiente são encontrados em seres vivos, inclusive no ser humano. Abstract In the Samaritá area of São Vicente city, São Paulo State, Brazil, a chemical industry discarded for several years, with no environmental protection, a mixture of residues containing 55 to 85% of hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and others in smaller quantities. In order to evaluate the impact of these residues on the health of the local population, blood serum samples taken from 234 people dwelling at several quarters of this area for over two years were analyzed, divided into 6 sectors: A - Quarentenário and neighborhood of the industrial wastes dump at 67-km; B - Jardim Rio Branco; C - Parque das Bandeiras; D - Gleba II; E -Vila Samaritá; F -Vila Ema, Vila Iolanda, Vila Mathias. Ten blood samples from residents of an area considered no exposed from Itanhaém city were collected to provide baseline information and HCB was not found in any of the samples. HCB residues were analysed by gas chromatography with an electron capture detector, with a determination limit of 0.02 µg/dL. The mean of HCB in blood serum for the inhabitants of the affected area presented significant differences (p < 0.001) between sector A (0.41 µg/dL) and all the others sectors: B (0.04 µg/dL); C (0.04 µg/ dL); D (0.03 µg/dL); E (0.04 µg/dL): F (0.04 µg/dL). Although it has not yet been possible to correlate such findings with the presence of diseases among the area inhabitants, this study indicates that the HCB residues are a health risk, as they not only contaminate the environment, but are also present at the biota, including humans.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SOME MINERAL PROFILE OF HONEY MARKETED AND CONSUMED IN SOME OF THE STATES IN NORTHERN PART OF COUNTRY (NIGERIA)

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 22-32
Author(s):  
R. Odoh
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Metal Poisoning ◽  
Mineral Profile ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

Honey and honey trade is an important economic activity for many tropical rural and urban areas worldwide. In West Africa and other part of the world, honey and honey products holds high socio–cultural, religious, medicinal and traditional values. Therefore, to maximize benefits or to enhance profit, a variety of components are added to the raw, fresh and unprocessed honey, introducing the possibility of heavy metals contaminants. Therefore the honey sold in various places, markets and shops  in some states in Northern Nigeria (Benue, Nassarawa and Taraba) including Abuja FCT, in Nigeria was analyzed to determine the level of heavy metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn).All the honey samples contain heavy metals. The results ranged from 0.028–0.070, 0.023–0.058, 0.042–0.092, 4.231–8.589, 8.115–14.892, 0.078–0.922, 0.044–0.092, 0.041–0.087 and 18.234–28.654 μg/L for Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn respectively. The mean concentration (μg/L) of the heavy metals Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn of the regularly marketed honey is significantly higher than the mean concentration observed in raw, fresh and unprocessed honey. However, continued consumption of honey with high heavy metal content might lead to exposure to chronic heavy metal poisoning.

Effects of diet calcium: phosporus ratio and metabolizable energy content on development of osteochondrosis, foot bending and performance in blue foxes

2005 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. T. Korhonen ◽  
M. Happo ◽  
T. Rekilä ◽  
J. Valaja ◽  
I. Pölönen
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Alopex Lagopus ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus ◽  
And Performance

AbstractAbstract The study evaluates the effects of two dietary Ca: P ratios (1·5: 1v. 2·5: 1) and metabolizable energy (ME) contents (17·3 MJ/kg dry matter (DM)v. 19·2 MJ/kg DM) on the development of osteochondrosis, foot bending and performance in juvenile male blue foxes (Alopex lagopus). Four experimental groups (no. = 10 per group) were formed : (1) low energy, lagopus). low Ca: P (LELC); (2) normal energy, low Ca: P (NELC); (3) low energy, normal Ca: P (LENC); and (4) normal energy, normal Ca: P (NENC). The experiment started at weaning in mid July and finished in early October. From mid August onwards, animals on the normal energy diets (NELC, NENC) grew significantly faster (P< 0·001) than animals on the low energy diets (LELC, LENC). The final body weights of the normal energy groups were 1·5 kg higher than those of the low energy groups (P< 0·001). The dietary Ca: P ratio did not affect live-weight gain. Foot bending increased significantly from summer to autumn (P< 0·001). Changes in foot bending between initial and final evaluations showed that bending was significantly greater (P< 0·05) in animals on normal energy (NELC, NENC) than on low energy diets (LELC, LENC). Significant differences were not found in the mean degree of damage in foot and cartilage between the groups. Ulna breaking strength was significantly higher (P< 0·05) in normal energy (NELC, NENC) than in low energy (LELC, LENC) animals. Ulna calcium and phosphorus concentrations of the normal Ca: P (LENC, NENC) groups were significantly higher (P< 0·001,P< 0·05) than those of the lower Ca: P (LELC, NELC) groups. The bone (ulna) calcium and phosphorus concentrations tended to be higher in the normal energy (NELC, NENC) than in the low energy (LELC, LENC) groups (calciumP= 0·07; phosphorusP= 0·06). The bone Ca: P ratio was higher (P< 0·001) in the normal (LENC, NENC) than in the low Ca: P diet (LELC, NELC) animals. The carcass weights of normal energy animals (NELC, NENC) were significantly higher (P< 0·001) than those of low energy (LELC, LENC) animals. The fat : dry matter ratio was higher (P< 0·05) in normal (NELC, NENC) than in low energy (LELC, LENC) carcasses. We conclude that the Ca: P ratio of the diet has no effect on the development of osteochondrosis or bending of the foot. The higher body weight caused by normal as opposed to low metabolizable energy content seems, however, to increase the incidence of foot bending.

The Use of Chromic Oxide in the Measurement of Individual Feed Intake in Cattle Fed on Silage and Barley

1970 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Wilkinson ◽  
J. H. D. Prescott
Keyword(s):  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Chromic Oxide ◽  
Faecal Output ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Mean Concentration

SUMMARY1. Three experiments are reported in which chromic oxide, administered as a component of shredded paper at 09·00 and 16·30 hr daily, was used in the estimation of the faecal output of steers fed on silage and barley.2. Four Friesian steers of 160 kg live weight were used in experiment 1. They were fed on grass silage ad libitum with controlled allowances of concentrate supplement. ‘Absolute’ recovery of Cr2O3 in total collections was 85–91%, though it was apparent that some faeces may have been lost from the total collections. ‘Relative’ recovery in grab samples was 97%.3. Diurnal variation in Cr2O3 excretion was investigated in experiment 2 with four yearling Friesian steers. Faeces were sampled in three 24-hr periods at each natural defaecation. A significant and consistent diurnal variation was observed, with the lowest concentration of Cr2O3 occurring during the night. Concurrent grab samples taken at 09.15 and 17.00 hr over four days gave estimates of cr2O3 in the faeces which were 16·27% higher than the mean concentration for the three 24-hr sampling periods.4. Day-to-day variation in the Cr2O3 content of grab samples was examined in experiment 3 with eight yearling Friesian steers. Four steers received 3·63 kg/head per day of barley supplement and four received 1·81 kg. Both groups were offered silage of 25% dry matter ad libitum. Faeces were sampled per rectum twice daily at 09.15 and 17.00 hr over four-day sampling periods. The degree of day-to-day variation was small and tended to be random.

scholarly journals The concentrations of selected blood serum proteins in calves during the first three months of life

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Csilla Tóthová ◽  
Oskar Nagy ◽  
Veronika Nagyová ◽  
Gabriel Kováč
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Gradual Decrease ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Blood Serum Proteins ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Precise Interpretation

This study was aimed at the evaluation of changes in the concentrations of selected blood serum proteins in calves during the first three months of life, including precolostral, colostral, milk, transitional and solid feeding period. Nine clinically healthy calves were used in this study. The first blood sampling was performed before the colostrum intake (day 0) and then at 1, 2, 7, 14, 30, 60, and 90 days of age. Blood serum was analyzed for the concentrations of α1-fetoprotein, prealbumin, transferrin, and lactoferrin. The results showed significant changes in the serum concentrations of all the evaluated proteins in calves during the first three months of life (P< 0.01 andP< 0.001). At birth, the mean concentration of α1-fetoprotein was low and increased more than × 8 at one day after colostrum intake, then a gradual decrease was found up to day 30 of life. Similar tendency was observed in the concentrations of prealbumin and lactoferrin. While the concentrations of prealbumin increased approximately × 3.5 at one day after colostrum intake, the serum lactoferrin values showed approximately 1.5-fold increase. A subsequent gradual decrease from the 2ndday of life was found for both prealbumin and lactoferrin. In the concentrations of transferrin, a significant increase was observed on day 7 (P< 0.05). The highest values were found at the age of 14 and 30 days. These results suggest that concentrations of these proteins in calves are markedly altered during the postnatal period, which should be taken into consideration for their precise interpretation in young animals.

Instant 99mTc-Labelled Glucoheptonate Kit for Kidney Imaging

1983 ◽  
Vol 22 (05) ◽  
pp. 246-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Al-Hilli ◽  
H. M. A. Karim ◽  
M. H. S. Al-Hissoni ◽  
M. N. Jassim ◽  
N. H. Agha
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide Solution ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Organ Distribution ◽  
Stable Complex ◽  
Scintillation Camera ◽  
Ph Adjustment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Kidney Imaging ◽  
Mean Concentration

Gelchromatography column scanning has been used to study the fractions of reduced hydrolyzed 99mTc, 99mTc-pertechnetate and 99mTc-chelate in a 99mTc-glucoheptonate (GH) preparation. A stable high labelling yield of 99mTc-GH complex in the radiopharmaceutical has been obtained with a concentration of 40-50 mg of glucoheptonic acid-calcium salt and not less than 0.45 mg of SnCl2 2 H2O at an optimal pH between 6.5 and 7.0. The stability of the complex has been found significantly affected when sodium hydroxide solution was used for the pH adjustment. However, an alternative procedure for final pH adjustment of the preparation has been investigated providing a stable complex for the usual period of time prior to the injection. The organ distribution and the blood clearance data of 99mTc-GH in rabbits were relatively similar to those reported earlier. The mean concentration of the radiopharmaceutical in both kidneys has been studied in normal subjects for one hour with a scintillation camera and the results were satisfactory.

PROGESTERONE IN THE HUMAN PERIPHERAL BLOOD IN THE PREOVULATORY PERIOD OF THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE

1967 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benno Runnebaum ◽  
Josef Zander
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Progesterone Secretion ◽  
Graafian Follicle ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

ABSTRACT Progesterone was determined and identified in human peripheral blood during the preovulatory period of the menstrual cycle, by combined isotope derivative and recrystallization analysis. The mean concentration of progesterone in 1.095 ml of plasma obtained 9 days before ovulation was 0.084 μg/100 ml. However, the mean concentration of progesterone in 1.122 ml of plasma obtained 4 days before ovulation was 0.279 μg/100 ml. These data demonstrate a source of progesterone secretion other than the corpus luteum. The higher plasma-progesterone concentration 4 days before ovulation may indicate progesterone secretion of the ripening Graafian follicle of the ovary.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF MINERAL DEFICIENCY ON MORPHOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND ON SHOOT AND ROOT MINERAL PARTITIONING IN THREE SUNFLOWER VARIETIES / EFECTO DE LA FALTA DE ELEMENTOS MINERALAS SOBRE LOS PARAMENTROS MORFOLOGICOS Y FISIOLOGICOS Y REPARTICION DE ELEMENTOS MINERALES DE LA PARTE SOBRE EL SUELO Y DE LA RAIZ EN TRES VARIEDADES / INFLUENCE DE LA CARENCE D’ÉLÉMENTS MINÉRAUX SUR LES PARAMÈTRES MORPHOLOGIQUES ET PHYSIOLOGIQUES ET SUR LA DISTRIBUTION DES ÉLÉMENTS MINÉRAUX ENTRE LA PARTIE AÉRIENNE ET LA RACINE POUR TROIS SORTES DE TOURNESOL

Helia ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (35) ◽  
pp. 135-148
Author(s):  
Mohammed El Midaoui ◽  
Ahmed Talouizte ◽  
Benbella Mohamed ◽  
Serieys Hervé ◽  
Ait Houssa Abdelhadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mineral Deficiency ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
K Deficiency ◽  
Matter Effect

SUMMARYAn experiment has been carried out in order to study the behaviour under mineral deficiency of three sunflower genotypes, a population variety (Oro 9) and two hybrids (Mirasol and Albena). Sunflower seedlings were submitted to five treatments: N deficiency (N0), P deficiency (P0), K deficiency (K0), N and K deficiency (N0K0) and a control. Plants were harvested when they reached 3-4 true pairs of leaves. Growth parameters measured (height, total leaf area, root length, root and shoot dry mater) were all significantly reduced by mineral deficiency. Leaf area was most reduced by N0 (-61%) and P0 (-56%). Total dry matter was most affected by N0 (-63%) and by N0K0 (-66%). Genotype comparisons showed that Oro 9 had the highest shoot dry matter while Albena had the lowest root dry matter. Effect of mineral deficiency on content and partitioning of N, P, K, Ca and Na was significant and varied according to treatments and among plant parts. Shoot dry weight was significantly correlated with root N content (r2=0.81) and root K content (r2=-0.61) for N0 and K0.

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