scholarly journals Response of albino rats fed varying levels of enzyme supplemented tigernut meal based diets.

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-161
Author(s):  
S. O. Omoikhoje ◽  
A. M. Bamgbose ◽  
A. S. Muhammad ◽  
A. Saulawa ◽  
D. O. Obasoyo ◽  
...  

A 21-day feeding trial to assess the effect of replacing 0,10,20,30 and 40% maize with enzyme supplemented tigernut meal on the performance, nutrient digestibility, haematological traits, serum chemistry and carcass yield of one hundred and eight albino rats of the wistar strain was conducted in a complete randomised design. Nine experimental diets (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 and 9) were formulated in all. Diet 1 contained 40% maize + 0% tigernut meal without enzyme supplementation. Diets 2,3,4.5 and 6,7,8,9 were constituted by replacing maize at 10.20,30 and 40% levels with tigernut meal supplemented with 0.05% roxzyineG® and enzyme extract respectively. The results revealed that of all the parameters considered, only the gut characteristics were not significantly (P>0.05) influenced by the dietary treatments. Diets 5 and 9 (40% enzyme supplemented tigernut ineal) proved to be the best by having the best performance and nutrient digestibility coefficients. It was then concluded that 40% inclusion level of enzyme supplemented tigernut meal as a replacement for maize proved to be better in rats than dicts that contained 0, 10, 20 and 30% levels of enzyme supplemented tigernul meal based diets. 

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-99
Author(s):  
A. A. Malik ◽  
M. J. Ibrahim ◽  
Y. S. Kudu ◽  
O. P. Jibogun ◽  
Y. J. Adeniyi ◽  
...  

A nine (9) weeks feeding trial was conducted on seventy two (72) day-old Indigenous turkey poults raised on deep litter to determine their growth performance, carcass and economic characteristics when fed three dietary treatments (T1, T2, and T3, containing 0%, 25% and 50% replacement of maize with millet respectively. The birds were divided into three replicates of 8 birds per replicate; making a total of 24 birds per treatment. At the end of the & week, 4 birds per replicate were transferred to specially-designed metabolism cages for a digestibility study involving the collection of faecal droppings; while at the end of the week of the experiments, two birds per replicate were randomly selected and slaughtered to determine their carcass characteristics. Turkey poults fed millet at 25 %replacement showed significantly (p<0.05) higher body weight gain, lower cost of feed per kg live weight gain and higher revenue generated per bird; but there were no significant (p>0.05) differences in the performance of birds on 0% and 50 % replacements for those parameters. Also, there were no significant (p>0.05) differences in feed intake and mortality across the treatments. Similarly, there were no significant (p>0.05) differences in nutrient digestibilities and carcass characteristics of the birds among the various dietary treatments. Therefore, it can be concluded hat millet cam be used to replace maize up to S0 % in the diets of turkey poults at the starter phase with no detrimental effects on their performance


2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 167-175
Author(s):  
I. B. Amaza ◽  
A. Maidala ◽  
C. E. Isidahomen

Haematological and serum biochemical parameters are indicators of physiological, nutritional and pathological status of animals. Investigation of these parameters provide information for diagnostic purposes. The study was conducted to determine the influence of feeding graded levels of yam peel meal (YPM) as a replacement for maize on haematology; blood chemistry was evaluated in rabbits. Thirty- six (New Zealand white X Chinchilla) were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments in a completely randomized design with nine rabbits per treatment. The rabbits were fed diets containing 0, 12.5, 25 and 37.5% of Yam peel meal (YPM) as a replacement for maize, designated as T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. The experimental diets and clean drinking water were supplied ad libitum throughout the experimental period of nine weeks. At the end of the feeding trial, three rabbits per treatment were randomly selected for hematological and serum biochemical analysis. All the haematological and serum biochemical indices except AST were affected (P<0.05) by dietary inclusion of YPM. Although most of the parameters investigated were affected by rabbits fed test ingredient, the values fell within the normal literature reference values for rabbits. It can therefore be concluded that up to 37.5% inclusion level of YPM can be fed to growing rabbits without deleterious effects on health status.


2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-131
Author(s):  
A. A. Imade ◽  
C. F. I. Onwuka ◽  
V. A. Jegede ◽  
O. Y. Ayo-Ajasa ◽  
B. B. Sarumi ◽  
...  

The need to seek for alternative feed materials with nutritional and medicinal values to support livestock growth necessitated this study. Forty-five unsexed rabbits crosses (Chinchilla × Newzealand white) 5- 6 weeks old with average weight of 720g were used in a 10- week feeding trial to evaluate the performance of growing rabbits fed on varying levels of dried okra leaves. The rabbits were assigned into five treatment groups containing dried okra leaves (DOL) at 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10% inclusion levels for dietary treatments (T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5) respectively. Each treatment consisted of 9 rabbits and replicated thrice with each replicate consisting of 3 rabbits in a completely randomized design. Data collected were subjected to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results indicated that daily feed intake was significantly (P<0.05) largest in rabbits fed 5.00% inclusion level of dried okra leaves (84.57g) and least in rabbits fed 0.00% level of inclusion of dried okra leaves (72.12g). Feed efficiency (FE) was poorest (P<0.05) in rabbits fed 10.00% DOL (0.15%) and best (0.20%) in rabbits fed 2.50% dried okra leaves. It was concluded that okra leaves can be included in diets for growing rabbits and 2.50% level of dried okra leaves inclusion is recommended for adoption by farmers to maximize profit.


Author(s):  
Johan Inborr ◽  
Hadden Graham

The objectives of this experiment were to investigate the effect of adding a multi-enzyme product to a diet based on wheat, barley and soybean meal on faecal nutrient digestibility and nitrogen retention in early-weaned piglets.A total of 36 pigs, weaned between 21 and 25 days of age, were assigned on weight and litter origin basis to two dietary treatments and placed in flat-deck pens of 6 pigs each. The design of the pens allowed total collection of urine and faeces separately.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Marie Håkenåsen ◽  
Guro Holseth Grepperud ◽  
Jon Øvrum Hansen ◽  
Margareth Øverland ◽  
Ragnhild Martinsen Ånestad ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: Weaning is associated with growth decline and morphological changes in the gastrointestinal tract of the pig. Insects, such as the Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL), are suggested as a sustainable novel protein source in diets for pigs. They contain chitin, medium chained fatty acids, and anti-microbial peptides, which could improve the gastrointestinal function and health in the post-weaning pig. The objective of this study was therefore to investigate the effect of increasing inclusion of full-fat BSFL in diets for post-weaning pigs on growth performance parameters, digestibility, gut morphology, and the microbial community in the colon. Eighty crossbred weanling pigs were weaned at approximately 32 days of age, with an average weaning weight of 10.6 ± 0.8 kg. For four weeks, the pigs were fed one of four dietary treatments: a control diet or one of three diets containing an increasing amount of full-fat BSFL meal: 4.76% (BSFL5), 9.52% (BSFL10), and 19.06% (BSFL20). Results: Increased level of full-fat BSFL in the diet did not affect growth performance or fecal consistency. A reduction in apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of crude protein (P = 0.035) was found for increased inclusion of BSFL, whereas the ATTD of crude fat increased (P<0.001). Jejunal, ileal, or colonic morphometry was not affected by the BSFL inclusion. Some changes in the colon microbiota were observed, but no differences in the short-chain fatty acid concentrations were detected between the dietary treatments. At the phylum level, dietary treatment affected the relative abundance of Bacteroidota, Firmicutes, Campilobacteria, and Thermoplasmatota, but there was no clear pattern relationship with the BSFL inclusion level. At the genus level, the inclusion of BSFL in the diet reduced the relative abundance of Lactobacillus (P = 0.015) compared to the control. Conclusions: Collectively, the results indicate that up to 19.06% of full-fat BSFL meal could be included in a balanced diet for PW pigs without affecting growth performance, gut function, or health.


2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-103
Author(s):  
L. T Egbeyale ◽  
O. M. O. Idowu ◽  
O. M Sogunle ◽  
T. A. Amole ◽  
B. O Ogundipe ◽  
...  

A ten week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the dietary effect of Cassava Root Sievate (CRS) based diet on the performance, nutrient digestibility, blood parameters and carcass characteristics of weaner rabbits. Forty-eight (48) crossbred, 7 weeks old weaner rabbits were used in the feeding trial in a completely randomized design. The CRS replaced wheat offal at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30%, respectively resulting in seven dietary treatments, respectively. No significant (P>0.05) difference was observed between the rabbits fed the CRS and control diets in all the performance indices except the daily and final body weight. Weight gain however decreased significantly (P<0.05) as the CRS level increased in the diet. The treatment effect was significant (P<0.05) with the highest crude protein, crude fibre and dry matter digestibility values recorded for the rabbit in the control group. Daily energy intake and retained, digestible energy, metabolizable energy and gross energy were similar (P>0.05) across treatments. Biological value and apparent nitrogen digestibility were significantly (P<0.05) decreased with increased CRS level. Blood serum metabolites of the rabbits were also positively (P<0.05) influenced by the treatments. The carcass characteristics showed significance (P<0.05) in terms of carcass yield percentage with 20% CRS treatment group having the highest carcass yield percentage. It was concluded in this study that CRS could be included in weaner rabbit diets up to 20% without compromising performance, carcass yield, digestibility and nutrient utilization.


2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 201 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.O. Ayodele ◽  
O.D. Oloruntola ◽  
J.O. Agbede

<p>A feeding trial was conducted to study the performance, digestibility and health status of weaner rabbits fed diets including Alchornea cordifolia leaf meal (ALM: 18% crude protein [CP] and 12.9% crude fibre) and supplemented with a multi-enzyme additive (cellulase, xylanase, β-glucanase, α-amylase, protease, lipase). Six experimental diets were arranged factorially: 3 levels of ALM (0, 5 and 10% substituting palm kernel cake: 16.3% CP and 39.1% neutral detergent fibre) combined with 2 levels of enzyme supplementation (0 and 0.35 g/kg). One hundred and eighty healthy, 5-wk-old weaner rabbits of cross-breeds were randomly allotted to 6 dietary treatments (30 rabbits/treatment, 3 rabbits/replicate). Growth rate was not affected (P&gt;0.05) by the main factors (exogenous enzyme and ALM inclusion) and their interactions (13.5 g/d on av.). Daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio decreased (P=0.01) with the ALM inclusion by 8%, but did not affect faecal digestibility. However, enzyme supplementation improved crude protein and crude fibre digestibility (P&lt;0.001) by 6%. In conclusion, ALM inclusion and enzyme supplementation had no adverse effect on the performance and digestibility of rabbits.</p>


2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 120-130
Author(s):  
OLAOLUWA AYODEJI ADEBAYO ◽  
JUDE CHIKEZIE ◽  
SHAFIU KILISHI HALIDU

Cake of shea nut is an agroforestry by-product and residue after fat extraction from shea nuts for fat with no economic value and its increasing output has become an environmental issue lately. A 30-day study was conducted to investigate the apparent nutrient digestibility and carcass yield of broiler chicken fed cooked cake of shea nut diets of different fermentation periods. A total of 144 unsexed Arbor Acres Plus day-old broiler chickens were divided into four dietary treatments with four replicates of nine birds each in a completely randomized design. The results showed that fermentation enhanced the nutrient profile of cake of shea nut meal especially concerning crude protein and crude fiber as compared to raw cake of shea nut meal. The treatment values for crude protein and crude fiber digestibility showed significant (p < 0.05) differences amongst the dietary treatments while other nutrient parameters measured were not significantly (p > 0.05) different. There was no significant (p > 0.05) difference amid the treatment means for the control (carcass, breast and liver yield) and the carcass, breast and liver yield of broiler chickens fed diets containing different periods of fermented-cooked cake of shea nut meal.


2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 84-91
Author(s):  
O. O. K. Oko ◽  
P. O. Ozung ◽  
M. I. Anya ◽  
E. A. Agiang ◽  
E. I. Evans

In this study, the effect of different forms of dietary cocoa pod husk meal (CPHM) on the carcass yield and gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) morphometry of growing rabbits was investigated. A total of 60 rabbits with mean body weight of 606.42±1.3g were utilized across 12 experimental iso – caloric (2,592.04 Kcal/kg ME) and iso - nitrogenous (16.52% CP) diets containing sundried (T, T, T, T); fermented (T, T, T, T) and hot – water treated (T, 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 T , T , T ) cocoa pod husk meal (CPHM) included at 0, 12.5, 25 and 37.5 percent levels, 10 11 12 respectively. The rabbits were subjected to 12 weeks feeding trial in a completely randomized design (CRD) experiment. The rabbits were slaughtered at the end of the feeding trial and the carcass yield and GIT morphometry were determined. The results showed that the average live weight was between 1616.67 ± 44.10 and 2483.33 ± 16.67 g/rabbit, while the dressed weight was between 966.67 ± 18.12 and 1500 ±28.87 g/rabbit with significant (P < 0.05) differences between treatments. The least values were recorded in rabbits fed the 37.5% level of CPHM inclusion. All primal cuts revealed no significant differences between dietary treatments. The GIT morphometry (relative weight and length of segments) recorded no significant effect that could be ascribed to diets. The study concluded that including sundried, fermented or hot – water treated CPHM up to 37.5% level will reduce the live weight, dressed weight and dressing percent of rabbits while GIT morphometry may be relatively unaffected. Hence, a lower level up to 25% fermented CPHM and levels <25% are recommended for sundried CPHM and hot- water treated CPHM are recommended for growing rabbits.


2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-141
Author(s):  
A. A. Ogunbode ◽  
T. B. Mustapha ◽  
T. O. Adams ◽  
F. T. Stephen ◽  
W. A. Amusat

The significance of the mineral elements in animal nutrition cannot be over emphasized. The presence of mineral elements in animal feed is vital for adequate the metabolic processes. Sixteen (16) crossbred weaned pigs aged eight weeks weighing between 6-7 kg were used in experiment to investigate the effect of feeding varying dietary levels of toasted soybean hull on macro and micro minerals in blood of weaned pigs. The pigs were randomly allotted to four treatments T1, T2, T3 and T4 containing 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% of toasted soybean hull respectively. Water was supplied ad libitum. At the end of feeding trial, two pigs per treatment were selected and blood collected for analysis. Results showed that there were significant (p>0.05) differences in macro minerals. Calcium value ranged from 10.40mg/dL in T1 to11.05mg/dL in T4. Phosphorus ranged from 13.20mg/dL to 17.54mg/dL. Potassium value ranged from 4.65mg/dL to 5.65mg/dL. Magnesium ranged from (3.98mg/dL to 4.80mg/dL). Sodium value ranged from (137.50mg/dL to 143.50mg/dL). Iron, copper and manganese values were significantly (p<0.05) influenced by the dietary treatments with the values ranging from 57.50 – 48.00mg/kg, 42.34 – 31.87mg/kg and 10.95 – 8.85mg/kg respectively. For zinc, the value ranged from 1.04mg/kg to 1.30mg/kg. Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that toasted soybean hull could be fed to weaned pigs up to 15% inclusion level without any adverse effects on the macro and micro minerals composition of weaned pigs.     On ne saurait trop insister sur l'importance des éléments minéraux dans la nutrition animale. La présence d'éléments minéraux dans l'alimentation animale est essentielle pour un traitement métabolique adéquat. Seize (16) porcs sevrés croisés âgés de huit semaines pesant entre 6 et 7 kg ont été utilisés dans l'expérience pour étudier l'effet de l'alimentation de différents niveaux alimentaires de coque de soja grillé sur les macro et micro minéraux dans le sang des porcs sevrés. Les porcs ont été attribués au hasard à quatre traitements T1, T2, T3 et T4 contenant respectivement 0 %, 5 %, 10 % et 15 % de la coque de soja grillée. L'eau a été fournie ad libitum. À la fin de l'essai d'alimentation, deux porcs par traitement ont été sélectionnés et le sang prélevé pour analyse. Les résultats ont montré qu'il y avait des différences significatives (p>0,05) dans les minéraux macro. La valeur de calcium s'est étendue de 10.40mg/dL dans T1 à11.05mg/dL dans T4. Le phosphore tégrait de 13,20 mg/dl à 17,54 mg/dl. La valeur de potassium s'est étendue de 4.65mg/dL à 5.65mg/dL. Le magnésium tégrait de (3,98 mg/dL à 4,80 mg/dL). La valeur en sodium varierait de (137,50 mg/dL à 143,50 mg/dL). Les valeurs de fer, de cuivre et de manganèse ont étésignificativement influencées (p<0,05) par les traitements diététiques dont les valeurs vont de 57,50 – 48,00 mg/kg, 42,34 – 31,87 mg/kg et 10,95 – 8,85 mg/kg respectivement. Pour le zinc, la valeur varierait de 1,04 mg/kg à 1,30 mg/kg. D'après les résultats de cette étude, on peut conclure que la coque de soja grillée pourrait être nourrie à des porcs sevrés jusqu'à un niveau d'inclusion de 15 % sans effets négatifs sur la composition macro et micro-minérale des porcs sevrés.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document