scholarly journals Quality evaluation of pigs fed poultry by-products

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. O. Fakolade ◽  
S. A. Adeoye ◽  
T. R. Akinloye ◽  
E. T. Oluwasola

Effect of consuming solely poultry-by-products by grower pigs, instead of conventional feeds was the focus of this study. Thirty–six Large White male pigs of 6 weeks 5.7 – 7.5kg were fed Boiled Dead Birds (BDB) (T3), Boiled Hatchery Waste BHW (T2) and conventional pig food PKC (T1). Thus, there were three treatments with 12 pigs per treatment. The pigs were reared for 10 weeks over which the chemical composition, performance and digestibility studies, carcass and organ function, serum and haematological status, and physico – chemical analysis and palatability were evaluated. The study was arranged as a completely randomized design. Daily weight gain, daily feed intake and body weight gain had highest (P<0.05) values of 107.45g. 105.31g and 4513.00g inT1 compared to T2 (37.52g, 63.39g and 1580.00g) and T3 (60.00g, 63.30g and 2520.00g) respectively. Pigs on T3 performed best in physico – chemical evaluation having the lowest (P<0.05) for thermal and cold shortening, cooking loss and thaw rigor but highest (P<0.05) values for water holding capacity than for T1 and T2. Lymphocyte values and white blood cell were best for T3 while T1 had highest in monophils. The T3 had lowest significant cholesterol value (106.80 mg/dL), than T2 (336.76 mg/dL) and T1 (123.88 mg/dL) while T1 did best (P<0.05) in glucose content (84.92 mg/dL), compared to T2 (60.22 md/dL) and T1 (66.63 mg/dL). The T1 had the highest palatability scores (P<0.05) for palatability status than T2 and T3. T1 performed bestin palatability scores, performance evaluation and carcass and organ characteristics, while T2 and T3 led to higher physico – chemical properties, serum and haematological parameters, which had positive significant effect on the health status of the pigs.

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustapa Zahri Ritonga ◽  
Hasnudi ◽  
Iskandar Sembiring ◽  
Tri Hesti Wahyuni ◽  
Nevy Diana Hanafi

This study aims to determine the effect of fermented sago pulp in rations on performance (weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion) and local sheep's income over feed cost (IOFC). This research was carried out in the community farms of Karang Rejo Village, Stabat District, Langkat Regency. This research started from March to June 2017. The design used was complete randomized design (RAL), with 4 treatment of 5 replications. Each replication consisted of 1 local sheep with an initial weight of 11.05 ± 0.56 kg. The treatment consisted of P1 (50% sago pulp without fermentation + forage), P2 (60% of sago pitch without fermentation + forage), P3 (50% fermented sago pulp + forage), and P4 (60% fermented sago pulp +). The observed variables were performance (body weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion) and income over feed cost (IOFC). The results showed that the treatment of fermented sago pulp gave a very real effect (P <0.01) on daily weight gain. The mean of P1 = 33,05 g, P2 = 39,95 g, P3 = 46,57 g, P4 = 54,38g. The consumption of fermented sago pulp treatment has a real effect (P <0,01). With average P1 = 486,38 g, P2 = 548,68 g, P3 = 604,69 g, P4 = 671,11 gr. Against the conversion of fermented sago pulp fermentation treatment gave a real effect (P <0.05). With average P1 = 14.78, P2 = 13.90, P3 = 12.99, P4 = 12,49. IOFC the highest local sheep is Rp. 121.568 on treatment of P4 and IOFC lowest at treatment P1 equal to Rp.73.315. The conclusion of the research shows that the utilization of fermented sago pulp can increase body weight gain, feed consumption, local sheep feed conversion. P4 treatment economically has a better economic level than P1,P2 and P3.


2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
E. Winarti ◽  
A. Widyastuti

The objective of study was to determine the effect of calf starter in the pre-weaning calves against the daily body weight gain. Twenty Ongole grade (PO) calves age of 1 month divided into 4 treatment groups of feed, 5 calves for each treatment. Treatment (P1) fed with extra soybean groats; (P2) soybean groats 50% + Gliricidia 50%; (P3) soybean groats 50%+ rice bran 50%; (P4) soybean groats 50%+ rejected bread 50%. Calf starter was given at age 1 month to 3 months. Observation was carried out on calves daily weight gain. This experiment was designed in Completely Randomized Design. Data was  analyzed by analysis of variance and continued Least Significant Difference Test. Statistical analysis showed that feed of (P <0.05) significantly affected the daily weight gain of the calves. Results of the study can be concluded that calf starter with soya groats provide the best daily weight gain of pre-weaning calf.


Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia ◽  
Tanga ◽  
Osuga ◽  
Alaru ◽  
Mwangi ◽  
...  

Pig production is one of the fastest growing livestock sectors. Development of this sector is hampered by rapidly increasing costs of fishmeal (FM), which is a common protein source in animal feeds. Here, we explored the potential of substituting FM with black soldier fly larval meal (BSFLM) on growth and blood parameters of pigs as well as economic aspects. At weaning, 40 hybrid pigs, i.e., crossbreeds of purebred Large White and Landrace were randomly assigned to five iso-nitrogenous and iso-energetic dietary treatments: Control (0% BSFLM and 100% FM (T0)), and FM replaced at 25% (T25), 50% (T50), 75% (T75) and 100% (T100) with BSFLM. Average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG), body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were calculated for the whole trial. Hematological and serum biochemical parameters, the cost–benefit ratio (CBR) and return on investment (RoI) were evaluated. No significant effect of diet type was observed on feed intake and daily weight gain. Red or white blood cell indices did not differ among diets. Pigs fed T25, T75 and T100, had lower platelet counts compared to T0 and T50. Dietary inclusion of BSFLM did not affect blood total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein. CBR and RoI were similar for the various diets. In conclusion, BSFLM is a suitable and cost-effective alternative to fishmeal in feed for growing pigs.


Author(s):  
Nguyễn Thị Tường Vy ◽  
Lê Hoàng Duy ◽  
Nguyễn Minh Cần ◽  
Trương Thị Bích Hồng ◽  
Trương Thị Thảo ◽  
...  

Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu nhằm cung cấp thông tin về đánh giá ảnh hưởng của việc sử dụng phụ phẩm thân lá gai làm thức ăn cho bò tại Quảng Ngãi. Giống cây gai xanh AP1 được thu hoạch lúc 50 - 54 ngày tái sinh sau lứa cắt thứ nhất. Cây sau khi thu hoạch được chia thành các bộ phận gồm lá, thân, rễ đem sấy khô ở 600C để phân tích thành phần hoá học. Đồng thời, phụ phẩm thân và ngọn lá được phơi khô nghiền bột hoặc được ủ chua để thực hiện thí nghiệm nuôi dưỡng trên bò. Thí nghiệm thực hiện trên 15 bò lai BBB (BBB x Lai Brahman) bố trí vào 03 nghiệm thức, 5 bò/nghiệm thức. Nghiệm thức 1 (NT1) bò được ăn thức ăn theo hiện trạng trong nông hộ, nghiệm thức 2 (NT2) ngoài thức ăn của nông hộ cho ăn thêm 0,3% khối lượng cơ thể (theo vật chất khô) bột thân lá gai, nghiệm thức 3 (NT3) ngoài thức ăn của nông hộ cho bò ăn thêm 0,3% khối lượng cơ thể thân lá gai ủ chua. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, các bộ phận khác nhau của cây gai xanh có thành phần hoá học khác nhau. Bò cho ăn thêm bột thân lá gai và thân lá gai ủ chua đã làm tăng lượng ăn vào, tuy nhiên, tăng khối lượng của bò không có sự sai khác thống kê giữa bò có cho ăn thêm bột thân lá gai cũng như cho ăn thêm thân lá gai ủ chua so với bò nuôi theo hiện trạng. Với kết quả nghiên cứu này, có thể kết luận rằng phụ phẩm thân lá gai có thể sử dụng làm thức ăn cho bò. ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to provide the information of the using AP1 ramie foliage in the diet on performance of beef cattle in Quảng Ngãi province. AP1 ramies were harvested at 50-54 days after the first cutting, the harvested ramie were divided into parts including leaves, stems and roots, and these parts were dried at 60oC then to chemistry composition analysis. The by-products of foliage were made to powder of ramie foliage and foliage silage for cattle feeding. Total 15 BBB crossbred (BBB x Brahman) were carried out by using complete randomized design, with 3 treatments (5 cattle/treatment). The first treatment, the cattle were fed the feed in household (based diet); the second treatment, based diet plus ramie foliage powder at 0.3% of BW (DM basis), and the third treatment we based diet plus ramie foliage silage at 0.3% of BW. The results showed that the difference of leaves, stems and roots, and by-product from the leaves and stems were different nutritional composition. Feed intake of cattle improved when supplementation ramie foliage powder or foliage silage (P<0.05). However, average daily weight gain of cattle was not significantly different (P>0.05). With these results, it could be concluded that the ramie (Boehmeria nivea L.) foliage should be considered and used for cattle feeding.   


2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 645-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleujosí da Silva Nunes ◽  
Gilberto Moraes ◽  
Fernando Fabrizzi ◽  
Araceli Hackbarth ◽  
Gustavo Alberto Arbeláez-Rojas

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of sustained swimming and dietary protein levels on growth and hematological responses of juvenile pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus). A completely randomized design was used in a 3x2 factorial arrangement, with three levels of dietary protein (24, 28, and 32% crude protein), two rearing conditions (sustained swimming or motionless water), and 15 replicates. Fish were subjected to sustained swimming at the velocity of two body lengths per second (2 BL s-1), for 45 days. The level of dietary protein and the swimming conditions affected the performance, growth, and hematological profile of pacu. Swimming conditions influenced nutritional factors, increasing daily weight gain, specific growth rate, number of erythrocytes, mean corpuscular volume, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin. Fish under sustained swimming and fed with 24% crude protein showed better growth performance, with higher specific growth rate (4.11±0.88) and higher daily weight gain (2.19±0.47 g per day). Sustained swimming can increase the productive performance of pacu and simultaneously reduce dietary protein levels.


2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
M. I. Okoruwa ◽  
D. O. Okunlola

This study was conducted to determine performance, carcass traits and meat quality evaluation of sheep fed napier grass and different proportion of cocoa pod husk and soursop pulp meals. Eighteen (18) West African Dwarf rams, aged between 7 and 8 months old with mean weight of 7.00 ± 0.55kg were allotted to three dietary treatments with two replicates of three sheep per treatment in a completely randomized design. The compared treatment diets were; TA (70% napier grass and 30% concentrate diet), TB (45% cocoa pod husk with 25% soursop pulp and 30% concentrate diet) and TC (50% cocoa pod husk with 20% soursop pulp and 30% concentrate diet). The experimental diets were given to the sheep at 6% of their body weight and the experiment lasted for 84days after 14days of adjustment period. The results showed that average daily feed intake (221.79g), nitrogen intake (18.02g/day), total nitrogen loss (5.08g/day) and chilling losses (12.85%) were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in diet TA compared with diets TB and TC. Treatment diet TC was significantly (P < 0.05) better in total body weight gain (3.66kg), average daily weight gain (43.57g), total digestible nutrient (74.69%), nitrogen retention (77.58%, slaughter weight (11.02kg), hot carcass weight (5.68kg), cold carcass yields (5.23kg), hot with cold carcass yields (51.54 and 47.46%), appearance (6.81), tenderness (6.20) and overall acceptability (6.85) than other treatment diets. Initial body weight, flavor and juiciness were not significantly (P > 0.05) affected by the treatment diets. It was concluded that 50% cocoa pod husk with 20% soursop pulp and 30% concentrate diet has the potential to enhance performance, carcass traits and meat quality evaluation in sheep.


1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Helena Tagliaro ◽  
Maria Helena Lartigau Pereira Franco ◽  
Werner Meincke ◽  
Gilberto Silva

Fourteen protein systems coded by 15 structural loci were typed by horizontal electrophoresis to determine possible associations betweem the protein phenotypes and productive traits in Landrace (N=109), Largo White (N= 116) and Duroe (N=57) pigs, reared in Southern Brazil. Signiticant associations between protein phenotypes and production traits were detected. The most consistent interaction were observed between two protein systems (phosphogluconate dehydrogenase - Pgd and Hemopexin -Hpx) and at least one of the four performance variables considered. In Duroc breed, the Pgd phenotypes were associated with daily weight gain (P < 0.01), feed conversion ratio (P < 0.01) and selection index (P < 0.001), while in Landrace significant associations were observed only with feed convertion ratio (P < 0.05). The Hpx phenotypes were associated with daily weight gain (P < 0.05) and backfat thickness (P < 0.05) in Large White and with this last variable (P < 0.01) and selection index (P < 0.05) in Duroc pigs. Since these results had not been reported previously, turther studies are need to confirm these associations.


2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Hamdan Has ◽  
Astriana Napirah ◽  
Widhi Kurniawan ◽  
La Ode Nafiu ◽  
Takdir Saili

ABSTRAKPenggunaan acidifier baik organik atau sintetis dapat meningkatkan optimalisasi nutrien di dalam saluran pencernaan.  Optimalisasi nutrien diharapkan dapat meningkatkan performa ternak khususnya puyuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan dua macam acidifier terhadap performa puyuh fase grower. 100 ekor unsexed puyuh (Coturnix coturnix Japonica) fase grower umur 14-40 hari digunakan dalam penelitian yang menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan lima perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Bahan pakan yang digunakan adalah jagung kuning, dedak, konsentrat puyuh komersil, sari belimbing wuluh, dan asam sitrat sintetis. Perlakuan yang dicobakan terdiri dari perlakuan kontrol (P0), penggunaan 0,3% asam sitrat sintetis (P1), penggunaan 0,25% sari belimbing wuluh (P2), penggunaan 0,6% asam sitrat sintetis (P3), dan penggunaan 0,5% sari belimbing wuluh (P4). Variabel yang diamati adalah konsumsi ransum, pertambahan bobot badan dan konversi ransum mingguan. Penggunaan sari belimbing wuluh memiliki konsumsi pakan yang lebih rendah  (P<0,05) pada minggu pertama dibanding kontrol dan asam sitrat sintetis.  Penggunaan asam sitrat sintetis meningkatkan pertambahan bobot badan pada minggu pertama (P<0,05). Penggunaan asam sitrat sintetis nyata dapat menurunkan konversi pakan minggu ke tiga dan empat dibanding kontrol dan asam organik belimbing wuluh. Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu penggunaan sari belimbing wuluh sebagai acidifier belum menunjukkan perbaikan performa yang signifikan sedangkan penggunaan asam sitrat sintetis memiliki performa yang lebih baik dibanding perlakuan kontrol dan penggunaan sari belimbing wuluh.Kata kunci: acidifier, asam sitrat, belimbing wuluh, puyuh fase growerABSTRACTThe organic and synthetic acidifiers could improve the optimization of nutrients utilization in the quail digestive tract. Furthermore, the optimization of nutrients is expected to improve quail performance. This study was aimed to determine the effect of using two types of acidifiers (Averrhoa bilimbi juice and synthetic citric acid) on the grower phase of quail performance. Total of 100 unsexed quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) grower phase aged 14-40 days were used in this research and designed as a completely randomized design of five treatments and four replications. Feed ingredients used were yellow corn, rice bran, commercial quail concentrate, Averrhoa bilimbi juice (organic acidifier), and synthetic citric acid. The treatments consisted of control (P0), 0.3% synthetic citric acid (P1), use of 0.25% Averrhoa bilimbi juice (P2), use of 0.6% synthetic citric acid (P3), and use of 0.5% Averrhoa bilimbi juice (P4). The variables observed were weekly feed intake, body weight gain, and feed conversion. The result showed that utilization of Averrhoa bilimbi juice has lower feed consumption (P<0.05) in the first week compare to control and synthetic citric acid, and synthetic citric acid utilization increases body weight gain in the first week (P<0.05). The use of synthetic citric acid significantly reduces feed conversion in the third and fourth weeks compared to control and organic acid groups. The conclusion of this study is the utilization of Averrhoa bilimbi juice as an acidifier has not shown significant improvements in quail performance. The use of synthetic citric acid has a better performance compared to control and Averrhoa bilimbi juice utilization.Keywords: acidifier, organic acidifier, citric acid, growing quail


ZOOTEC ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Agung R. P. Rumondor ◽  
B. Tulung ◽  
A. Rumambi ◽  
C.A Rahasia

EFFECT OF REPLACEMENT OF CORN WITH SORGUM Cv. KAWALI IN PELLET RANSUM ON LOCAL RABBIT PERFORM. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of substitution corn with sorghum in rabbit rations on feed consumption, body weight gain, and ration conversion. The duration of the study was 28 days using 20 local rabbits. The statistical design used in this study was a completely randomized design, with 4 (four) treatment rations and 5 (five) replications. The four experimental rations, namely R0: 45% corn + 0% sorghum, R1: 30% corn + 15% sorghum, R2 15% corn + 30% sorghum, R3 0% corn + 45% sorghum. Variables were measured, viz: feed consumption, body weight gain and ration conversion. The results showed that the average of feed consumption, body weight gain, and feed conversion, were: 28.27–30.59 g /head /day, 15.76–21.55 g / head /day, and 1.42-1.80 g /head /day, respectively. Based on the analysis of variance, the treatments ration had no significant effect (P> 0.05) on consumption, but had a very significant effect (P <0.01) on body weight gain and feed conversion. The LSD test showed that all treatment rations using sorghum (R1, R2, and R3) gave results of body weight gain which were very significantly different (P <0.01) and higher than R0. Whereas, on ration conversion, treatments R1, R2, and R3 give very different results (P <0.01) lower than R0. It is concluded that the substitution of corn with sorghum at the level of 45% in the ration gives the highest results for body weight gain and conversion of rations for rabbits. Keywords: corn, sorghum, ration, performance, local rabbit


2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 100-106
Author(s):  
H. Ibrahim ◽  
O. J. Olaniyi

The experiment was carried out to determine the effect of replacement of maize with sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas lam.) on growth performance and cost of feeding weaner rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). A total number of thirty-six (36) weaned rabbit of mixed sexes were used for the experiment. The rabbits were allotted randomly into four dietary treatments and replicated thrice with three rabbits per replicate and were designated: control (T): normal 1 compounded diet without sweet potato peel meal, T had the compounded feed which 5% 2 sweet potato peel meal, T had compounded diet with 10% sweet potato peel meal and 3 treatment four (T) had the compounded diet with 15% sweet potato peel meal. The 4 experiment lasted eight weeks and data were obtained on growth performance and cost benefit. The parameters considered on growth performance include initial weight, final weight, total body weight gain, daily weight gain, weekly weight gain, daily feed intake, total feed intake and feed conversion ratio while that of cost benefit include cost of purchasing different experimental feed stuff. The results obtained on growth performance showed that there were no significant differences (p>0.05) in the parameters monitored. Cost of feeding was also not significantly different (p>0.05). However, higher profit index (174. 64) was recorded in T1 and lower benefit cost ratio (166.68) was recorded in T4 for total cost of feed intake per rabbit. In conclusion, sweet potato peel meal can be uses as a good replacement for maize in rabbit production without any adverse effect on the performance of rabbit.


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