Economic sectoral transfer could not help to global CO2 mitigation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hansunbai Li ◽  
Yu Ye
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Power Industry ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Building Sector ◽  
Emission Data ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
High Emission

<p>CO<sub>2</sub> was the largest part of anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHGs) caused remarkable changes in climate and earth system. In response to this situation, global mitigation efforts, especially sectoral and cross-sectoral, have been taken while meeting the needs of global development. Understanding the sectoral structures and emissions in different countries and regions in the period of emission quick growth and industrial transferred among the world after 1970 could suggest effective efforts to avoid misleading mitigation pathway and could support decision-makers to select efficient strategies for different countries and sectors.</p><p>Using CO<sub>2</sub> emission data form GHG emission inventory EDGAR (The Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research), we identified the major emission pattern of different regions by counted the largest sectoral emission on each grid, which suggests the spatial distribution of sectoral emission. We also identified the high emission regions in the world by selecting grids where emission higher than the global mean plus 2 times stand deviation after logarithm transform, which those regions contributed more than 80% of global emission in every year since 1970. Then, we counted the largest sectoral emission on each grid in the high emission regions to indicate the main contribute sectors. We analyzed those two types of sectoral emissions changes in space and time that representing the spatial distribution pattern and the highest emission sources at different times.</p><p>Our study shown emission by transport sector contribute a major part in space after the compliment of transport infrastructure construction, which emission transfer from manufacturing to transport sector. It has three different types of countries of completed time, for countries like the USA, transport sector dominant the distribution in space since the 1970s, for countries like the UK and France, the major sectoral emission in space was building sector before 1990, then was replaced by transport sector, for other countries have not finished yet. Our study also revealed high emission regions that occurred in megacities and at the place where power industries locate and its area has increased. However, sectoral emissions shown different both in time and space. For the USA and Europe, the main emission sectors in high emission regions transferred from power industry and manufacturing sector to building sector before 1990, especially sector in megacities transferred from manufacturing to building sector with the area of high emission regions increased. For the region in the east of China, the main emission sectors in high emission regions were power industry and manufacturing sector, which experienced quick growth between 1980 to 1990 and cities in there became the world manufacture center. In conclusion, during sharply increased emission since 1970, the role of industrial transfers was transfer emissions from some sectors to another region in another country, and emissions from other sectors replaced those transferred emissions.</p>

scholarly journals The Funding of Modernization and Development of Transport Sector and its Infrastructure

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 117-138
Author(s):  
Olena Nykyforuk
Keyword(s):  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
The Eu

The main purpose of the article is to analyze the existing approaches to the financing of transport infrastructure in the world and in Ukraine. It has been studied the model of financing of transport infrastructure in the OECD, the EU countries. The appropriate recommendations has been given to strengthen the processes of modernization in the transport infrastructure.

scholarly journals CONTRIBUTION OF TRANSPORT SERVICES TO BULGARIA'S ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-141
Author(s):  
Galina Zaharieva ◽  
Karina Sarkisyan-Dikova ◽  
Zdravko Lyubenov
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Substantial Part ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Full Member ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Regular Production ◽  
The World

Transport is considered one of the key sectors in terms of economic development. The quality of transport services and transport infrastructure is essential for the growth of the economy, the regular production operations in other sectors of the economy, and the satisfaction of people’s needs. As a full member of the European Union (EU), Bulgaria is committed to adopt and implement all of its internal policies and regulations, including those in the field of transport. Over the last two decades, the Community's efforts have been directed at building a well-functioning single European transport area, a transport system that is competitive and at the same time satisfies the contemporary social and environmental requirements. Therefore, a number of legislative changes concerning all modes of transport (rail, air, road and water) have been made. They all have a certain effect for the sector on a pan-European and national scale as well as for its contribution to economic development.The main objective of this paper is to analyze the contribution of transport services to the economic development of Bulgaria. The analysis is based on statistical data from various sources, such as the World Trade Organization (WTO), the World Bank, Eurostat and the National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. These statistics include the number of persons employed in the sector, the national GDP level, and the volumes of export and import of goods and services. The analysis covers the period 2005-2017, which includes years from Bulgaria’s pre-accession and post-accession period.The results from the analysis show that transport services are a substantial part of the services sector in the country. During the investigated period the actual volumes of both exports and imports of transport services are increasing, while in relative terms the trend is different. A substantial part of the employed persons In Bulgaria are engaged in the sector of transport services – in 2017 they were 210.6 thousand, or 6.7% of all employed persons. Comparatively, according to data from Eurostat, this sector in the European Union provided employment for about 11 million people in 2016, which is more than 5% of the total employment in the Union. The paper also discusses the European regulations concerning the transport sector and the benefits from its development.

scholarly journals PRAMONINIŲ PARKŲ IŠSIDĖSTYMAS LIETUVOS RESPUBLIKOS TERITORIJOJE / DISTRIBUTION OF INDUSTRIAL PARKS IN THE TERRITORY OF THE REPUBLIC OF LITHUANIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (0) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Vaida Vabuolytė ◽  
Marija Burinskienė
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Regional Policy ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Work Force ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Industrial Parks ◽  
The World ◽  
Its Regions ◽  
The Republic

Industrial parks are one of the most widely used regional policy tools in the world, aimed at promoting investment and economic growth and reducing social exclusion. The rational layout of the parks, taking into account the accessibility of transport infrastructure and the availability of work force, helps to achieve this goal. Otherwise, the creation of the park may not produce the desired result and the investment in the project will not be justified. The authors analyse the spatial distribution of industrial parks in Lithuania, as well as their supply. In order to achieve this goal, a comprehensive review of the scientific literature was carried out, the types and features of the most common parks in the world were identified, and a map of the spatial distribution of industrial parks in Lithuania was compiled using GIS. The object of the research is limited to the territory of the Republic of Lithuania and its regions.

scholarly journals URGENCY OF INTRODUCTION OF INNOVATIONS INTO THE TRANSPORT SYSTEM OF UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2(75)) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
A.V. VARDIASHVILI
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Electronic Interaction ◽  
Innovative Technologies ◽  
The World ◽  
Operation And Management

Topicality. Today, innovative technologies are becoming increasingly important in all sectors of the economy and industry, including the country transport system. The efficiency of the national economy, its economic growth, the stability of territorial complexes and foreign economic activity is largely determined by the functioning of transport. On the one hand, advanced technologies in the transport sector reflect the level of development of the national economy and its competitiveness. On the other hand, they reflect the level of economic security of the state. Therefore, the introduction of innovations in the transport sector is one of the main tasks facing Ukraine, both for the state as a whole and for individual private logistic companies in particular. Only by introducing the latest technologies and developments into the national transport system, it is possible to achieve a significant reduction in door-to-door delivery time, improve the quality of transport products, reduce costs, which in turn will improve the efficiency of operation and management of the transport industry on the world market.Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to analyze the increase of efficiency and effectiveness of the transport system of Ukraine at the expense of innovative technologies.Research results. The introduction of innovative technologies in maritime transport at the present stage is associated with innovation in document management, accompanying the movement of goods, automated supervision and control of the movement of goods and, first of all, containers, simplification of customs control, modernization of electronic interaction process (fleet and ports), executive authorities and other participants of foreign trade operations (transport agents, brokers, freight forwarders) at all stages of the logistics process.Conclusion. In order for Ukraine to take a worthy place in the world transport system, the country needs to modernize its national transport system; also, it needs to implement innovative transport solutions using world experience. In order to bring the transport system of Ukraine in line with international standards, it is necessary to implement investment and innovation projects in the industry. Implementation of innovative transport projects will allow to reconstruct existing and build new necessary transport infrastructure facilities, improve the efficiency of operation and management of the transport sector, change the availability, quality and safety of transport services that meet the needs of Ukraine's economy, consumers and population, improve attractiveness for foreign capital, which will reduce the cost of transport products throughout the transport process.

scholarly journals The development of the transport sector of the economy of Russia in conditions of globalization

E-Management ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 20-29
Author(s):  
I. N. Golyshkova ◽  
V. V. Lobachev ◽  
P. V. Metelkin
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
The World ◽  
Transport Industry

The article assesses the impact of modern trends of globalization of the world economy through the introduction of advanced technologies of production and sales. One of the determining factors in the development of the world economy, the onset of a new technological revolution is the use of digital technologies not only in the production of the final product, but also in the daily life of people. The development of the global data transmission infrastructure based on advanced information and communication technologies leads to the blurring of the boundaries of regional markets. National markets are increasingly becoming elements of the global world market, and the volume of export-import operations significantly affects the size of any country’s gross domestic product. The paper shows the tendency of the digital economy influence on the gross domestic product of Russia and the leading economies of the world. One of the determining factors in the development of regional and world markets is the transport infrastructure of the countries participating in international trade.The analysis of trade turnover of Russia in the framework of foreign trade operations with the main economic partner has been conducted. The influence of foreign trade operations on the development of international transport corridors, as well as the main problems of the transport industry of the country has been designated. The characteristic of container transportation volumes as the basis of international intermodal freight transportation has been given. In modern conditions, one of the most important factors determining the efficiency of the transport industry is the rationalization of logistics processes and management systems based on digitalization. The article identifies the main problems of development and possible directions of digitalization of the transport and logistics industry, the rating of the leading information technological companies implementing modern digital technologies in transport has been given, the dynamics of volumes of introduction of information technological solutions in 2016–2017 has been shown.

Optimum Structure of the Banking Market: How Many Banks Are Necessary for Russia?

2006 ◽  
pp. 75-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Moiseev
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
Optimum Structure ◽  
Population Number ◽  
The Third ◽  
Banking Market ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Equilibrium Number

The number of classical banks in the world has reduced. In the majority of countries the number of banks does not exceed 200. The uniqueness of the Russian banking sector is that in this respect it takes the third place in the world after the USA and Germany. The paper reviews the conclusions of the economic theory about the optimum structure of the banking market. The empirical analysis shows that the number of banks in a country is influenced by the size of its territory, population number and GDP per capita. Our econometric estimate is that the equilibrium number of banks in Russia should be in a range of 180-220 units.

Russian Banking Sector under World Financial Market Uncertainty: Problems and Prospects

2008 ◽  
pp. 4-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ulyukaev ◽  
E. Danilova
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Financial Market ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Market Uncertainty ◽  
Balanced Growth ◽  
Banking Sector Development ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa

The authors point out that the local market crisis - on the USA substandard loan market - has led to the uncertainty of the world financial market. It has caused the growing demand for liquidity in the framework of the world financial system. The Russian banking sector seems to be more stable under negative changes than banking systems of other emerging markets. At the same time one can assume that the crisis will become the factor of qualitative shift in the character of the Russian banking sector development - the shift from impetuous to more balanced growth.

9/11 and Armageddon: the Christian Right and George W. Bush

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-50
Author(s):  
Göran Gunner
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Christian Right ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Religious Leader ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The World ◽  
Mega Church ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Jerry Falwell ◽  
High Degree

Authors from the Christian Right in the USA situate the September 11 attack on New York and Washington within God's intentions to bring America into the divine schedule for the end of the world. This is true of Pat Robertson and Jerry Falwell, and other leading figures in the ‘Christian Coalition’. This article analyses how Christian fundamentalists assess the roles of the USA, the State of Israel, Islam, Iraq, the European Union and Russia within what they perceive to be the divine plan for the future of the world, especially against the background of ‘9/11’. It argues that the ideas of the Christian Right and of President George W. Bush coalesce to a high degree. Whereas before 9/11 many American mega-church preachers had aspirations to direct political life, after the events of that day the President assumes some of the roles of a mega-religious leader.

Sandra Ramos Revisited

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-54
Author(s):  
Silvia Spitta
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Graphic Arts ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Political Choices ◽  
The Rich

Sandra Ramos (b. 1969) is one of the few artists to reflect critically on both sides of the Cuban di-lemma, fully embodying the etymological origins of the word in ancient Greek: di-, meaning twice, and lemma, denoting a form of argument involving a choice between equally unfavorable alternatives. Throughout her works she shines a light on the dilemmas faced by Cubans whether in Cuba or the United States, underlining the bad personal and political choices people face in both countries. During the hard 1990s, while still in Havana, the artist focused on the traumatic one-way journey into exile by thousands, as well as the experience of profound abandonment experienced by those who were left behind on the island. Today she lives in Miami and operates a studio there as well as one in Havana. Her initial disorientation in the USA has morphed into an acerbic representation and critique of the current administration and a deep concern with the environmental collapse we face. A buffoonlike Trumpito has joined el Bobo de Abela and Liborio in her gallery of comic characters derived from the rich Cuban graphic arts tradition where she was formed. While Cuba is now represented as a rotten cake with menacing flies hovering over it ready to pounce, a bombastic Trumpito marches across the world stage, trampling everything underfoot, a dollar sign for a face.

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